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Lloyd MK, Stein RA, Ibarra DE, Barclay RS, Wing SL, Stahle DW, Dawson TE, Stolper DA. Isotopic clumping in wood as a proxy for photorespiration in trees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306736120. [PMID: 37931112 PMCID: PMC10655223 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306736120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photorespiration can limit gross primary productivity in terrestrial plants. The rate of photorespiration relative to carbon fixation increases with temperature and decreases with atmospheric [CO2]. However, the extent to which this rate varies in the environment is unclear. Here, we introduce a proxy for relative photorespiration rate based on the clumped isotopic composition of methoxyl groups (R-O-CH3) in wood. Most methoxyl C-H bonds are formed either during photorespiration or the Calvin cycle and thus their isotopic composition may be sensitive to the mixing ratio of these pathways. In water-replete growing conditions, we find that the abundance of the clumped isotopologue 13CH2D correlates with temperature (18-28 °C) and atmospheric [CO2] (280-1000 ppm), consistent with a common dependence on relative photorespiration rate. When applied to a global dataset of wood, we observe global trends of isotopic clumping with climate and water availability. Clumped isotopic compositions are similar across environments with temperatures below ~18 °C. Above ~18 °C, clumped isotopic compositions in water-limited and water-replete trees increasingly diverge. We propose that trees from hotter climates photorespire substantially more than trees from cooler climates. How increased photorespiration is managed depends on water availability: water-replete trees export more photorespiratory metabolites to lignin whereas water-limited trees either export fewer overall or direct more to other sinks that mitigate water stress. These disparate trends indicate contrasting responses of photorespiration rate (and thus gross primary productivity) to a future high-[CO2] world. This work enables reconstructing photorespiration rates in the geologic past using fossil wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max K. Lloyd
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802
| | - Rebekah A. Stein
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT06518
| | - Daniel E. Ibarra
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
| | - Richard S. Barclay
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC20560
| | - Scott L. Wing
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC20560
| | - David W. Stahle
- Department of Geosciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR72701
| | - Todd E. Dawson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Daniel A. Stolper
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
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Wang L. Characterization of water use efficiency changes in Tibetan Plateau grasslands based on eco-geographic zoning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:26998-27012. [PMID: 36372860 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water use efficiency (WUE) is an effective indicator to study the coupling of terrestrial carbon and water cycles. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is the most important ecological security barrier in China, and it is important to understand the characteristics of WUE and the change mechanism to study the carbon and water cycles of plateau ecosystems and the rational use of water resources. This study analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of WUE on the TP and the influence of climate factors on WUE based on the gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) data from GLASS. The results show that from 1985 to 2018, the WUE of the TP is on the rise under the combined effect of GPP and ET; the regions with higher mean WUE values are the southeastern and eastern parts of the plateau, and the low value areas are the central and northwestern parts of the plateau. Compared with precipitation, WUE is influenced by temperature over a larger area. The correlations between precipitation and temperature and WUE in different eco-geographic regions are complex, and there is a threshold effect on the correlation between WUE and temperature and precipitation. Temperature is the main driver of WUE changes in HIIA and HIB1 regions, while precipitation has a greater impact on WUE changes in HIIC2, HIIC2, HIC2, HIID3, and HIIC regions. Precipitation, temperature, and elevation are the main factors explaining the variation of WUE in the TP. According to the risk detector, it can be determined that grassland vegetation in warm and humid steep areas of low and medium elevations is more able to maintain efficient use of water. Meanwhile, grasslands located in the shade of northern slopes have weaker transpiration, which is conducive to vegetation accumulation of growth water, and thus can ensure higher WUE. The related study can provide a reference for the response of vegetation WUE to global changes in key climatic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Wang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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3
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Rockwell FE, Holbrook NM, Jain P, Huber AE, Sen S, Stroock AD. Extreme undersaturation in the intercellular airspace of leaves: a failure of Gaastra or Ohm? ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:301-316. [PMID: 35896037 PMCID: PMC9486918 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports of extreme levels of undersaturation in internal leaf air spaces have called into question one of the foundational assumptions of leaf gas exchange analysis, that leaf air spaces are effectively saturated with water vapour at leaf surface temperature. Historically, inferring the biophysical states controlling assimilation and transpiration from the fluxes directly measured by gas exchange systems has presented a number of challenges, including: (1) a mismatch in scales between the area of flux measurement, the biochemical cellular scale and the meso-scale introduced by the localization of the fluxes to stomatal pores; (2) the inaccessibility of the internal states of CO2 and water vapour required to define conductances; and (3) uncertainties about the pathways these internal fluxes travel. In response, plant physiologists have adopted a set of simplifying assumptions that define phenomenological concepts such as stomatal and mesophyll conductances. SCOPE Investigators have long been concerned that a failure of basic assumptions could be distorting our understanding of these phenomenological conductances, and the biophysical states inside leaves. Here we review these assumptions and historical efforts to test them. We then explore whether artefacts in analysis arising from the averaging of fluxes over macroscopic leaf areas could provide alternative explanations for some part, if not all, of reported extreme states of undersaturation. CONCLUSIONS Spatial heterogeneities can, in some cases, create the appearance of undersaturation in the internal air spaces of leaves. Further refinement of experimental approaches will be required to separate undersaturation from the effects of spatial variations in fluxes or conductances. Novel combinations of current and emerging technologies hold promise for meeting this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Michele Holbrook
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Piyush Jain
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Annika E Huber
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Abraham D Stroock
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Kruse J, Adams M, Winkler B, Ghirardo A, Alfarraj S, Kreuzwieser J, Hedrich R, Schnitzler JP, Rennenberg H. Optimization of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in the date palm Phoenix dactylifera during acclimation to heat and drought. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1973-1988. [PMID: 31093986 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We studied acclimation of leaf gas exchange to differing seasonal climate and soil water availability in slow-growing date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedlings. We used an extended Arrhenius equation to describe instantaneous temperature responses of leaf net photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (G), and derived physiological parameters suitable for characterization of acclimation (Topt , Aopt and Tequ ). Optimum temperature of A (Topt ) ranged between 20-33°C in winter and 28-45°C in summer. Growth temperature (Tgrowth ) explained c. 50% of the variation in Topt , which additionally depended on leaf water status at the time of measurement. During water stress, light-saturated rates of A at Topt (i.e. Aopt ) were reduced to 30-80% of control levels, albeit not limited by CO2 supply per se. Equilibrium temperature (Tequ ), around which A/G and substomatal [CO2 ] are constant, remained tightly coupled with Topt . Our results suggest that acclimatory shifts in Topt and Aopt reflect a balance between maximization of photosynthesis and minimization of the risk of metabolic perturbations caused by imbalances in cellular [CO2 ]. This novel perspective on acclimation of leaf gas exchange is compatible with optimization theory, and might help to elucidate other acclimation and growth strategies in species adapted to differing climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Kruse
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Adams
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Swinburne University of Technology, John St., Hawthorn, Vic., 3122, Australia
| | - Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Andrea Ghirardo
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jürgen Kreuzwieser
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Yaaran A, Negin B, Moshelion M. Role of guard-cell ABA in determining steady-state stomatal aperture and prompt vapor-pressure-deficit response. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 281:31-40. [PMID: 30824059 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is known to be involved in stomatal closure. However, its role in stomatal response to rapid increases in the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is unclear. To study this issue, we generated guard cell-specific ABA-insensitive Arabidopsis plants (guard-cell specific abi1-1; GCabi). Under non-stressed conditions, the stomatal conductance (gs) and apertures of GCabi plants were greater than those of control plants. This supports guard-cell ABA role as limiting steady-state stomatal aperture under non-stressful conditions. When there was a rapid increase in VPD (0.15 to 1 kPa), the gs and stomatal apertures of GCabi decreased in a manner similar that observed in the WT control, but different from that observed in WT plants treated with fusicoccin. Low VPD increased the size of the stomatal apertures of the WT, but not of GCabi. We conclude that guard-cell ABA does not play a significant role in the initial, rapid stomatal closure that occurs in response to an increase in VPD, but is important for stomatal adaptation to ambient VPD. We propose a biphasic angiosperm VPD-sensing model that includes an initial ABA-independent phase and a subsequent ABA-dependent steady-state phase in which stomatal behavior is optimized for ambient VPD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yaaran
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Boaz Negin
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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Kollist H, Zandalinas SI, Sengupta S, Nuhkat M, Kangasjärvi J, Mittler R. Rapid Responses to Abiotic Stress: Priming the Landscape for the Signal Transduction Network. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:25-37. [PMID: 30401516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants grow and reproduce within a highly dynamic environment that can see abrupt changes in conditions, such as light intensity, temperature, humidity, or interactions with biotic agents. Recent studies revealed that plants can respond within seconds to some of these conditions, engaging many different metabolic and molecular networks, as well as rapidly altering their stomatal aperture. Some of these rapid responses were further shown to propagate throughout the entire plant via waves of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ that are possibly mediated through the plant vascular system. Here, we propose that the integration of these signals is mediated through pulses of gene expression that are coordinated throughout the plant in a systemic manner by the ROS/Ca+2 waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; The Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Maris Nuhkat
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Jaakko Kangasjärvi
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; The Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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7
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YOKOYAMA G, YASUTAKE D, KITANO M. A Preliminary Experiment on the Effects of Leaf Wetting on Gas Exchange in Tomato Leaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.2525/ecb.56.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaku YOKOYAMA
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironment Sciences, Kyushu University
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Peng X, Thevathasan NV, Gordon AM, Mohammed I, Gao P. Photosynthetic Response of Soybean to Microclimate in 26-Year-Old Tree-Based Intercropping Systems in Southern Ontario, Canada. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129467. [PMID: 26053375 PMCID: PMC4459881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to study the effect of light competition and microclimatic modifications on the net assimilation (NA), growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) as an understory crop, three 26-year-old soybean-tree (Acer saccharinum Marsh., Populus deltoides X nigra, Juglans nigra L.) intercropping systems were examined. Tree competition reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) incident on soybeans and reduced net assimilation, growth and yield of soybean. Soil moisture of 20 cm depth close (< 3 m) to the tree rows was also reduced. Correlation analysis showed that NA and soil water content were highly correlated with growth and yield of soybean. When compared with the monoculture soybean system, the relative humidity (RH) of the poplar-soybean, silver maple-soybean, and black walnut-soybean intercropped systems was increased by 7.1%, 8.0% and 5.9%, soil water content was reduced by 37.8%, 26.3% and 30.9%, ambient temperature was reduced by 1.3°C, 1.4°C and 1.0°C, PAR was reduced by 53.6%, 57.9% and 39.9%, and air CO2 concentration was reduced by 3.7μmol·mol(-1), 4.2μmol·mol(-1) and 2.8μmol·mol(-1), respectively. Compared to the monoculture, the average NA of soybean in poplar, maple and walnut treatments was also reduced by 53.1%, 67.5% and 46.5%, respectively. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that PAR, ambient temperature and CO2 concentration were the dominant factors influencing net photosynthetic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobang Peng
- Department of Biological and Medical Engineering, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Andrew M. Gordon
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Idris Mohammed
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pengxiang Gao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Koukos D, Meletiou-Christou MS, Rhizopoulou S. Leaf surface wettability and fatty acid composition ofArbutus unedoandArbutus andrachnegrown under ambient conditions in a natural macchia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2015.1039579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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10
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Escudero A, Fernández J, Cordero A, Mediavilla S. Distribution of leaf characteristics in relation to orientation within the canopy of woody species. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Zhang YJ, Meinzer FC, Qi JH, Goldstein G, Cao KF. Midday stomatal conductance is more related to stem rather than leaf water status in subtropical deciduous and evergreen broadleaf trees. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2013; 36:149-58. [PMID: 22715809 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Midday depressions in stomatal conductance (g(s) ) and photosynthesis are common in plants. The aim of this study was to understand the hydraulic determinants of midday g(s) , the coordination between leaf and stem hydraulics and whether regulation of midday g(s) differed between deciduous and evergreen broadleaf tree species in a subtropical cloud forest of Southwest (SW) China. We investigated leaf and stem hydraulics, midday leaf and stem water potentials, as well as midday g(s) of co-occurring deciduous and evergreen tree species. Midday g(s) was correlated positively with midday stem water potential across both groups of species, but not with midday leaf water potential. Species with higher stem hydraulic conductivity and greater daily reliance on stem hydraulic capacitance were able to maintain higher stem water potential and higher g(s) at midday. Deciduous species exhibited significantly higher stem hydraulic conductivity, greater reliance on stem capacitance, higher stem water potential and g(s) at midday than evergreen species. Our results suggest that midday g(s) is more associated with midday stem than with leaf water status, and that the functional significance of stomatal regulation in these broadleaf tree species is probably for preventing stem xylem dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
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12
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Fares S, Goldstein A, Loreto F. Determinants of ozone fluxes and metrics for ozone risk assessment in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:629-633. [PMID: 19923198 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone concentration is increasing and represents a threat to single plants and whole ecosystems. The deleterious ozone effects mainly occur when (i) ozone concentration in the air builds up; (ii) the pollutant enters the leaf through stomatal uptake, and (iii) ozone-produced reactive oxygen species are not efficiently scavenged by leaf antioxidants and then oxidize leaf tissues. The sensitivity of plants to ozone is species-specific, and a correct risk assessment should be based on a metric that correctly takes into account the ambient concentration of ozone, the physiological control on stomatal apertures, and the efficiency of leaf antioxidant system. Current methodologies have been analysed to evaluate ozone risk assessment, and, by phasing-in and phasing out sources and sinks of ozone, elements of improvements for the current metrics have been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvano Fares
- National Research Council-Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Via Salaria km. 29,300, I-00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Barta C, Loreto F. The relationship between the methyl-erythritol phosphate pathway leading to emission of volatile isoprenoids and abscisic acid content in leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2006; 141:1676-83. [PMID: 16766667 PMCID: PMC1533953 DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.083063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
It was investigated whether the methyl-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway that generates volatile isoprenoids and carotenoids also produces foliar abscisic acid (ABA) and controls stomatal opening. When the MEP pathway was blocked by fosmidomycin and volatile isoprenoid emission was largely suppressed, leaf ABA content decreased to about 50% and leaf stomatal conductance increased significantly. No effect of fosmidomycin was seen in leaves with constitutively high rates of stomatal conductance and in plant species with low foliar ABA concentration. In all other cases, isoprene emission was directly associated with foliar ABA, but ABA reduction upon MEP pathway inhibition was also observed in plant species that do not emit isoprenoids. Stomatal closure causing a midday depression of photosynthesis was also associated with a concurrent increase of isoprene emission and ABA content. It is suggested that the MEP pathway generates a labile pool of ABA that responds rapidly to environmental changes. This pool also regulates stomatal conductance, possibly when coping with frequent changes of water availability. MEP pathway inhibition by leaf darkening, and its down-regulation by exposure to elevated CO2, was also associated with a reduction of foliar ABA content. However, stomatal conductance was reduced, indicating that stomatal aperture is not regulated by the MEP-dependent foliar ABA pool, under these specific cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csengele Barta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo , Italy
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14
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Krause GH, Gallé A, Virgo A, García M, Bucic P, Jahns P, Winter K. High-light stress does not impair biomass accumulation of sun-acclimated tropical tree seedlings (Calophyllum longifolium Willd. and Tectona grandis L. f.). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2006; 8:31-41. [PMID: 16435267 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies with seedlings of tropical rainforest trees ( Calophyllum longifolium Willd.; Tectona grandis L. f.) were designed to test whether high-light stress affects photosynthetic performance and growth. Seedlings were cultivated in pots at a field site in Central Panama (9 degrees N) and separated into two groups: (1) plants exposed to full solar radiation; (2) plants subjected to automatic neutral shading (48 %) whenever visible irradiance surpassed 1000, 1200, or 1600 micromol photons m-2 s-1. After 2-4 months, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm ratio), photosynthetic net CO2 uptake, pigment composition, alpha-tocopherol content of leaves, and plant biomass accumulation were measured. Fully sun-exposed, compared to periodically shaded plants, experienced substantial high-light stress around midday, indicated by photoinhibition of photosystem II and depressed net CO2 uptake. Higher contents of xanthophyll cycle pigments, lutein, and alpha-tocopherol showed an enhancement of photoprotection in fully sun-exposed plants. However, in all experiments, the maximum capacity of net CO2 uptake and plant dry mass did not differ significantly between the two treatments. Thus, in these experiments, high-light stress did not impair productivity of the seedlings studied. Obviously, the continuously sun-exposed plants were capable of fully compensating for any potential costs associated with photoinhibition and repair of photosystem II, reduced CO2 assimilation, and processes of high-light acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Krause
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
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15
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Trivedi PK, Reddy MS, Sane PV. Plastid gene expression is not associated with midday depression in CO(2) assimilation and electron transport. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2000; 155:187-192. [PMID: 10814822 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9452(00)00218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of diurnal variations on chloroplastic electron transport as well as accumulation of gene products associated with it, studies were carried out on Populus deltoides, a tree species. Electron transport studies showed two peak responses as a large diurnal change with pronounced midday depression in whole chain (H(2)O--> MV) as well as partial reactions for PSII (H(2)O-->PBQ) and PSI (DCPIP-->MV). The electron transport rates first increased from 05:00 h to a maximum at around 09:00 h and then showed a decrease at 13:00 h followed by recovery and further decrease. The pigments associated with electron transport chain did not show any change during the day. Surprisingly midday depression in the accumulation of transcripts and polypeptides related to electron transport was not observed. This suggests that chloroplastic gene expression is not associated with the midday depression observed for both CO(2) assimilation and electron transport. Studies on the transcripts of psbD/C operon during the day showed that there were differences in the processing pattern although the steady state levels of the processed transcripts of this operon did not show any variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- PK Trivedi
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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16
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Ishida A, Toma T, Mori S, Marjenah. Effects of Foliar Nitrogen and Water Deficit on the Carbon Economy of Shorea smithiana Sym. Seedlings. Biotropica 2000. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Ishida A, Toma T, Mori S. Effects of Foliar Nitrogen and Water Deficit on the Carbon Economy of Shorea smithiana Sym. Seedlings. Biotropica 2000. [DOI: 10.1646/0006-3606(2000)032[0351:eofnaw]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Shurpali NJ, Verma SB, Kim J, Arkebauer TJ. Carbon dioxide exchange in a peatland ecosystem. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Morphological adaptions of Quercus ilex leaves in the Castelporziano forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00118221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Renou JL, Gerbaud A, Just D, André M. Differing substomatal and chloroplastic CO2 concentrations in water-stressed wheat. PLANTA 1990; 182:415-419. [PMID: 24197193 DOI: 10.1007/bf02411393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/1989] [Accepted: 06/08/1990] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas exchanges of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Courtot) shoots were measured before and during a water stress. While photosynthesis, transpiration and dark respiration decreased because of the stress, photorespiration increased initially, up to a maximum of 50% above its initial value. The CO2 concentration in the intercellular space was calculated from gas-diffusion resistances, and remained approximately constant before and during the stress. On the other hand, the CO2 concentration in the chloroplast, in the vicinity of Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), was evaluated from the ratio of CO2 to O2 uptake, using the known kinetic constants of the oxygenation and carboxylation reactions which compete for Rubisco. In the well-watered plants, the calculated chloroplastic concentration was slightly smaller than the substomatal concentration. During water stress, this concentration decreased while the substomatal CO2 concentration remained constant. Hypotheses to explain this difference between substomatal and chloroplastic CO2 concentrations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Renou
- Service de Radioagronomie, Département de Biologie, CEN Cadarache, F-13108, Saint Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
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21
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The Role of Temperature and Humidity in Controlling the Diurnal Stomatal Behaviour of Arbutus unedo L. during the Dry Season. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0015-3796(11)80216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Demmig-Adams B, Adams WW, Winter K, Meyer A, Schreiber U, Pereira JS, Krüger A, Czygan FC, Lange OL. Photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, photon yield of O2 evolution, photosynthetic capacity, and carotenoid composition during the midday depression of net CO2 uptake in Arbutus unedo growing in Portugal. PLANTA 1989; 177:377-387. [PMID: 24212431 DOI: 10.1007/bf00403596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/1988] [Accepted: 10/05/1988] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During the "midday depression" of net CO2 exchange in the mediterranean sclerophyllous shrub Arbutus unedo, examined in the field in Portugal during August of 1987, several parameters indicative of photosynthetic competence were strongly and reversibly affected. These were the photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS) II, measured as the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, as well as the photon yield and the capacity of photosynthetic O2 evolution at 10% CO2, of which the apparent photon yield of O2 evolution was most depressed. Furthermore, there was a strong and reversible increase in the content of the carotenoid zeaxanthin in the leaves that occurred at the expense of both violaxanthin and β-carotene. Diurnal changes in fluorescence characteristics were interpreted to indicate three concurrent effects on the photochemical system. First, an increase in the rate of radiationless energy dissipation in the antenna chlorophyll, reflected by changes in 77K fluorescence of PSII and PSI as well as in chlorophyll a fluorescence at ambient temperature. Second, a state shift characterized by an increase in the proportion of energy distributed to PSI as reflected by changes in PSI fluorescence. Third, an effect lowering the photon yield of O2 evolution and PSII fluorescence at ambient temperature without affecting PSII fluorescence at 77K which would be expected from a decrease in the activity of the water splitting enzyme system, i.e. a donor side limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Demmig-Adams
- Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universität Würzburg, Mittlerer Dallenbergweg 64, D-8700, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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23
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Downton WJS, Loveys BR, Grant WJR. Stomatal closure fully accounts for the inhibition of photosynthesis by abscisic acid. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 1988; 108:263-266. [PMID: 33873929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1988.tb04161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The partial pressure of intercellular CO2 calculated from gas exchange data for abscisic acid-treated leaves of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) does not indicate the average intercellular CO2 of the leaf. The latter can be determined from chlorophyll fluorescence quenching information and accurately modelled from gas exchange data. Stomatal closure can fully account for previously assumed non-stomatal inhibition of photosynthesis. Autoradiograms show that abscisic acid induces non-uniform gas exchange over small areas of the leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J S Downton
- CSIRO Division of Horticultural Research, GPO Box 350, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - B R Loveys
- CSIRO Division of Horticultural Research, GPO Box 350, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - W J R Grant
- CSIRO Division of Horticultural Research, GPO Box 350, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
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24
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Loske D, Raschke K. Determination of carbon-reduction-cycle intermediates in leaves of Arbutus unedo L. suffering depressions in photosynthesis after application of abscisic acid or exposure to dry air. PLANTA 1988; 173:275-281. [PMID: 24226409 DOI: 10.1007/bf00403021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/1987] [Accepted: 08/31/1987] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas exchange and contents of photosynthetic intermediates of leaves of Arbutus unedo L. were determined with the aim of recognizing the mechanisms of inhibition that were responsible for the "midday depression" of photosynthesis following exposure to dry air, and the decline in photosynthetic capacity following application of abscisic acid (ABA). Rapidly killed (<0.1 s) leaf samples were taken when gas analysis showed reduced CO2 assimilation. Determination of the contents of 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA), ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), triose phosphates, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and hexose phosphates in the samples showed that significant variation occurred only in the level of PGA. As a result, the ratio PGA/RuBP decreased with increasing inhibition of photosynthesis, particularly when application of ABA had been the cause. A comparison of metabolite patterns did not bring out qualitative differences that would have indicated that effects of ABA and of dry air had been caused by separate mechanisms. Depression of photosynthesis occurred in the presence of sufficient RuBP which indicated that the carboxylation reaction of the carbon-reduction-cycle was inhibited after application of ABA or exposure to dry air.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Loske
- Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, D-3400, Göttingen, Germany
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