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Tena C, Santiago ADR, Osuna D, Sosa T. Phytotoxic Activity of p-Cresol, 2-Phenylethanol and 3-Phenyl-1-Propanol, Phenolic Compounds Present in Cistus ladanifer L. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061136. [PMID: 34205022 PMCID: PMC8228151 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies about the leaf exudate of Cistus ladanifer highlight this Mediterranean shrub as an allelopathic species. Despite the very high diversity of secondary metabolites identified in its labdanum, only a few components have been evaluated. p-Cresol, 2-phenylethanol and 3-phenyl-1-propanol are three phenolic components present in the labdanum of C. ladanifer whose role has not been specified to date. The present study, through a static acute toxicity test, analyzed their activity, with respect to Allium cepa and Lactuca sativa. These three separate compounds and the mixture of all of them have a more or less phytotoxic activity depending on the medium, species and concentration tested. When the test is carried out on paper, the three pure allelochemicals and their mixture at 1 mM significantly inhibited the total germination, the germination rate and the development of the Allium cepa and Lactuca sativa seedlings to a lesser extent, but when the test performed in soil, the effects on the size of roots and cotyledons are attenuated. Furthermore, in the two species tested on paper, the joint action of the three compounds at 1 mM shows a significantly greater inhibition of the measured indices than each of the compounds separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tena
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Ana del Rosario Santiago
- Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Department of Crop Protection, 06187 Badajoz, Spain; (A.d.R.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Dolores Osuna
- Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Department of Crop Protection, 06187 Badajoz, Spain; (A.d.R.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Teresa Sosa
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Liu XG, Huang MY, Gao PY, Liu CF, Sun YQ, Lv MC, Yao GD, Zhang LX, Li DQ. Bioactive constituents from Medicago sativa L. with antioxidant, neuroprotective and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Yan Z, Guo H, Yang J, Liu Q, Jin H, Xu R, Cui H, Qin B. Phytotoxic flavonoids from roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. (Thymelaeaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 106:61-68. [PMID: 25096753 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy, the negative effect on plants of chemicals released to the surroundings by a neighboring plant, is an important factor which contributes to the spread of some weeds in plant communities. In this field, Stellera chamaejasme L. (Thymelaeaceae) is one of the most toxic and ecologically-threatening weeds in some of the grasslands of north and west China. Bioassay-guided fractionation of root extracts of this plant led to the isolation of eight flavonoids 1-8, whose structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. All compounds obtained, except 7-methoxylneochaejasmin A (4) and (+)-epiafzelechin (5), showed strong phytotoxic activity against Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Seedling growth was reduced by neochamaejasmin B (1), mesoneochamaejasmin A (2), chamaejasmenin C (3), genkwanol A (6), daphnodorin B (7) and dihydrodaphnodorin B (8) with IC50 values of 6.9, 12.1, 43.2, 74.8, 7.1 and 27.3μg/mL, respectively, and all of these compounds disrupted root development. Endogenous auxin levels at the root tips of the A. thaliana DR5::GUS transgenic line were largely reduced by compounds 1, 2 and 6-8, and were increased by compound 4. Moreover, the inhibition rate of A. thaliana auxin transport mutants pin2 and aux1-7 by compounds 1-8 were all lower than the wild type (Col-0). The influence of these compounds on endogenous auxin distribution is thus proposed as a critical factor for the phytotoxic effect. Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 8 were found in soils associated with S. chamaejasme, and these flavonoids also showed phytotoxicity to Clinelymus nutans L., an associated weed of S. chamaejasme. These results indicated that some phytotoxic compounds from roots of S. chamaejasme may be involved in the potential allelopathic behavior of this widespread weed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hongru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Bo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Abbas G, Rehman NU, Mabood F, Ahmed I, Saleem M, van Ree T, Green IR, Anwar S, Badshah A, Shah A, Ali I. The GenusPluchea:Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Biological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1944-71. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pedersen HA, Kudsk P, Fiehn O, Fomsgaard IS. The Response of Arabidopsis to Co-cultivation with Clover. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2013-1141.ch013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans A. Pedersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology & Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Per Kudsk
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology & Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology & Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Inge S. Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology & Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Health Sciences Drive, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Fiorentino A, Ricci A, D'Abrosca B, Golino A, Izzo A, Pascarella M, Piccolella S, Esposito A. Kaempferol Glycosides fromLobularia maritimaand Their Potential Role in Plant Interactions. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:204-17. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Reynaud J, Guilet D, Terreux R, Lussignol M, Walchshofer N. Isoflavonoids in non-leguminous families: an update. Nat Prod Rep 2005; 22:504-15. [PMID: 16047048 DOI: 10.1039/b416248j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joël Reynaud
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Parvez MM, Tomita-Yokotani K, Fujii Y, Konishi T, Iwashina T. Effects of quercetin and its seven derivatives on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and Neurospora crassa. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2003.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Iwashina T. Flavonoid function and activity to plants and other organisms. UCHU SEIBUTSU KAGAKU 2003; 17:24-44. [PMID: 12897458 DOI: 10.2187/bss.17.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoid compounds distribute widely in vascular plants and Bryophytes, and ca. 5,000 kinds have been reported as naturally occurring substances. Many biological activities of the flavonoids were found until now. They include pollinator attractants, oviposition stimulants, feeding attractants and deterrents, allelopathy and phytoalexins. This paper reviews function and activity of flavonoids against plants and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Iwashina
- Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Science Museum, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Chaves N, Sosa T, Alías JC, Escudero JC. Identification and effects of interaction phytotoxic compounds from exudate of Cistus ladanifer leaves. J Chem Ecol 2001; 27:611-21. [PMID: 11441449 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010336921853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Eleven allelochemicals (ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, methyl propionate, oxalic acid, methylmalonic acid, p-anisic acid, butyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and azulene) were identified in the exudate of Cistus ladanifer L. We studied the effect of each on germination, cotyledon emergence, root length, and cotyledon length of Rumex crispus. Three groups were distinguished with respect to phytotoxic activity: compounds with low activity (ferulic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, oxalic acid, methylmalonic acid, p-anisic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, and azulene), with intermediate activity (cinnamic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid), and with high activity (methyl propionate and butyric acid). The effect of the interaction of the compounds was studied. When acting conjointly, all combinations tested produced a more negative effect on both germination and seedling growth than when acting alone. The interaction affected cotyledon emergence and root length more negatively than germination and cotyledon length. When hydroxycinnamic acid and cinnamic acid were added to these mixtures there was an enhancement in the phytotoxic activity, accentuating the effect of the other allelochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chaves
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06080 Badajoz, Spain
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Chaves N, Sosa T, Escudero JC. Plant growth inhibiting flavonoids in exudate of Cistus ladanifer and in associated soils. J Chem Ecol 2001; 27:623-31. [PMID: 11441450 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010388905923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Of the aglycone flavonoids identified in the exudate of cistus ladanifer, two, the flavone apigenin-4'-(O)-methyl and the flavonol kaempferol-3,7-di(O)-methyl inhibit development of the seedlings of Rumex crispus at 0.5 and 1 mM. Additive effects were observed between the major flavonols of the exudate kaempferol-3-(O)-methyl and kaempferol-3,7-di-(O)-methyl in inhibiting the size of the cotyledons and delaying the germination and cotyledon emergence. The presence of apigenin-4'-(O)-methyl, kaempferol-3,7-di-(O)-methyl, and kaempferol-3-(O)-methyl was detected in the soils associated with C. ladanifer during the summer and autumn months. That these compounds are present in the soil and are not restricted to the leaves provides support for the hypothesis that C. ladanifer has allelopathic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chaves
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.
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Allelopathic potential of well water fromPluchea lanceolata-infested cultivated fields. J Chem Ecol 1996; 22:1123-31. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02027949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/1995] [Accepted: 01/29/1996] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of cultivation on allelopathic interference success of the weed,Pluchea lanceolata. J Chem Ecol 1994; 20:1179-88. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02059752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/1993] [Accepted: 01/13/1994] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kato-Noguchi H, Kosemura S, Yamamura S, Mizutani J, Hasegawa K. Allelopathy of oats. I. Assessment of allelopathic potential of extract of oat shoots and identification of an allelochemical. J Chem Ecol 1994; 20:309-14. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02064439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/1993] [Accepted: 09/24/1993] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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