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Zhang H, Wang J, Wang L, Zhan M, Li S, Fang Z, Xu C, Zheng Y, He S. Induction of mast cell accumulation by chymase via an enzymatic activity- and intercellular adhesion molecule-1-dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:678-692. [PMID: 29197072 PMCID: PMC5786453 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chymase is a unique, abundant secretory product of mast cells and a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils, monocytes and neutrophils, but little is known of its influence on mast cell accumulation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A mouse peritoneal inflammation model, cell migration assay and flowcytometry analysis, were used to investigate the role of chymase in recruiting mast cells. KEY RESULTS Chymase increased, by up to 5.4-fold, mast cell numbers in mouse peritoneum. Inhibitors of chymase, heat-inactivation of the enzyme, sodium cromoglycate and terfenadine, and pretreatment of mice with anti-intercellular adhesion molecule 1, anti-L-selectin, anti-CD11a and anti-CD18 antibodies dramatically diminished the chymase-induced increase in mast cell accumulation. These findings indicate that this effect of chymase is dependent on its enzymatic activity and activation of adhesion molecules. In addition, chymase provoked a significant increase in 5-HT and eotaxin release (up to 1.8- and 2.2-fold, respectively) in mouse peritoneum. Since 5-HT, eotaxin and RANTES can induce marked mast cell accumulation, these indirect mechanisms may also contribute to chymase-induced mast cell accumulation. Moreover, chymase increased the trans-endothelium migration of mast cells in vitro indicating it also acts as a chemoattractant. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The finding that mast cells accumulate in response to chymase implies further that chymase is a major pro-inflammatory mediator of mast cells. This effect of chymase, a major product of mast cell granules, suggests a novel self-amplification mechanism for mast cell accumulation in allergic inflammation. Mast cell stabilizers and inhibitors of chymase may have potential as a treatment of allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Zhang
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Junling Wang
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Mengmeng Zhan
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shigang Li
- Medical SchoolChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangHubeiChina
| | - Zeman Fang
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Ciyan Xu
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Yanshan Zheng
- Allergy and Inflammation Research InstituteShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Shaoheng He
- Translational Medicine InstituteShenyang Medical CollegeShenyangLiaoningChina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research CentreThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
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Zhu H, Wang X, Huang M, Jing Y, Zhang D, Ding G. Mast cell activation in the acupoint is important for the electroacupuncture effect against pituitrin-induced bradycardia in rabbits. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9040. [PMID: 28831114 PMCID: PMC5567246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This research was conducted to verify the structural and functional characteristics of mast cells in the electroacupuncture (EA) effects on bradycardia. First, we examined the mast cell density at PC 6, adjacent acupoint LU 7, and a non-acupoint. We tested the effects of EA at PC 6 on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) in rabbits with pituitrin-induced bradycardia. We also injected sodium cromolyn (Cro), a mast cell membrane stabilizer, at PC 6 30 min before EA to investigate if it affected the EA effects. The results showed that in both PC 6 and LU 7, the mast cell densities were higher than in the non-acupoint (P < 0.05). EA could induce mast cell degranulation at PC 6, which could be suppressed by sodium cromolyn (P < 0.05). EA improved HR, though the change was relatively small in the initial stage with a significant change at 35 min after modelling (P < 0.05). BP significantly improved at 10 min after the onset of pituitrin-induced bradycardia (P < 0.05). The EA effects on both HR and BP were suppressed by sodium cromolyn (P < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that mast cells in the acupoint are important for the EA effects against pituitrin-induced bradycardia in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Zhu
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuezhi Wang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi Jing
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guanghong Ding
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Resta F, Masi A, Sili M, Laurino A, Moroni F, Mannaioni G. Kynurenic acid and zaprinast induce analgesia by modulating HCN channels through GPR35 activation. Neuropharmacology 2016; 108:136-43. [PMID: 27131920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels have a key role in the control of cellular excitability. HCN2, a subgroup of the HCN family channels, are heavily expressed in small dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and their activation seems to be important in the determination of pain intensity. Intracellular elevation of cAMP levels activates HCN-mediated current (Ih) and small DRG neurons excitability. GPR35, a Gi/o coupled receptor, is highly expressed in small DRG neurons, and we hypothesized that its activation, mediated by endogenous or exogenous ligands, could lead to pain control trough a reduction of Ih current. Patch clamp recordings were carried out in primary cultures of rat DRG neurons and the effects of GPR35 activation on Ih current and neuronal excitability were studied in control conditions and after adenylate cyclase activation with either forskolin or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). We found that both kynurenic acid (KYNA) and zaprinast, the endogenous and synthetic GPR35 agonist respectively, were able to antagonize the forskolin-induced depolarization of resting membrane potential by reducing Ih-mediated depolarization. Similar results were obtained when PGE2 was used to activate adenylate cyclase and to increase Ih current and the overall neuronal excitability. Finally, we tested the analgesic effect of both GPR35 agonists in an in vivo model of PGE2-induced thermal hyperalgesia. In accord with the hypothesis, both KYNA and zaprinast showed a dose dependent analgesic effect. In conclusion, GPR35 activation leads to a reduced excitability of small DRG neurons in vitro and causes a dose-dependent analgesia in vivo. GPR35 agonists, by reducing adenylate cyclase activity and inhibiting Ih in DRG neurons may represent a promising new group of analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Resta
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessio Masi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Toxicology Unit, Largo Brambilla 1, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Sili
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Annunziatina Laurino
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Guido Mannaioni
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Toxicology Unit, Largo Brambilla 1, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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The mast cell stabilizer sodium cromoglycate reduces histamine release and status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2015; 92:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Silver R, Curley JP. Mast cells on the mind: new insights and opportunities. Trends Neurosci 2013; 36:513-21. [PMID: 23845731 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are both sensors and effectors in communication among nervous, vascular, and immune systems. In the brain, they reside on the brain side of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and interact with neurons, glia, blood vessels, and other hematopoietic cells via their neuroactive prestored and newly synthesized chemicals. They are first responders, acting as catalysts and recruiters to initiate, amplify, and prolong other immune and nervous responses upon activation. MCs both promote deleterious outcomes in brain function and contribute to normative behavioral functioning, particularly cognition and emotionality. New experimental tools enabling isolation of brain MCs, manipulation of MCs or their products, and measurement of MC products in very small brain volumes present unprecedented opportunities for examining these enigmatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae Silver
- Department of Psychology, Barnard College, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Taiwo OB, Kovács KJ, Sperry LC, Larson AA. Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal increases the number and degranulation of mast cells in the thalamus of the mouse. Neuropharmacology 2004; 46:824-35. [PMID: 15033342 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2003] [Revised: 09/22/2003] [Accepted: 11/21/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice is inhibited by cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer, suggesting that this characteristic withdrawal behavior results from degranulation of mast cells. Because withdrawal is considered as a central phenomenon, degranulation of mast cells located within the CNS may influence aspects of opioid withdrawal. The present study evaluates histologically whether naloxone, injected into opioid dependent mice, induces degranulation of mast cells. Seventy-two hours after the s.c. implantation of a 75 mg morphine pellet, the number and degranulation of thalamic mast cells did not differ from those in placebo-implanted controls. However, two injections of 50 mg/kg of naloxone, 30 and 60 min before tissue collection, increased the number of degranulated mast cells compared to those in mice injected with saline. Analysis throughout the entire thalamus (90 40-micro sections) revealed increases in the total number of mast cells as well as the number that were degranulated, especially in sections 52-60, corresponding to Bregma -2.18 to 2.54. Here, mast cells were clustered in the IGL and VPL/VPM nuclei, and redistributed from the ventromedial to the dorsolateral aspects of the Po and PF nuclei during withdrawal. Degranulation was also greater throughout the LD, LP nuclei during withdrawal. These data reveal a novel neuroimmune reaction to opioid withdrawal in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oludare B Taiwo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Minnesota, Room 295, Animal Science/Veterinary Medicine Building, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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San-Martín-Clark O, Cuéllar B, De Alba J, Leza JC, Lorenzo P. Changes induced by sodium cromoglycate in brain catecholamine turnover in morphine dependent and abstinent mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 118:347-53. [PMID: 7617828 DOI: 10.1007/bf02245965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sodium cromoglycate (CRO) were studied in relation to the metabolism of brain catecholamines: dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA), and their metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG). CRO was injected SC in control mice, morphine-tolerant mice (tolerance was induced by SC implantation of a 75 mg morphine pellet; CRO was administered on day 4 of addiction) and 30 min before abstinence (withdrawal was induced by SC injection of naloxone (1 mg/kg) on day 4 of addiction). Brain catecholamines and their metabolites were measured using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD), for DA, NA, DOPAC and HVA, and coupled with fluorescence detection for MHPG. The ratios of DOPAC + HVA/DA and MHPG/NA were kept as an index of DA and NA turnovers, respectively. CRO administered 30 min before naloxone-precipitated withdrawal diminished significantly NA levels in frontal cortex. CRO increased DA turnover in striatum and frontal cortex in naive animals and significantly diminished DA levels in frontal cortex and DOPAC levels in frontal cortex and midbrain in morphine-dependent mice. These findings are discussed in relation to the protective effects of CRO on opiate withdrawal and the effects of CRO on locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O San-Martín-Clark
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Ochoa de Aspuru E, Lourdes Zatón AM. Effect of the antiallergic drug disodium cromoglycate and various derivatives on alkaline phosphatase. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 1994; 8:87-95. [PMID: 7539075 DOI: 10.3109/14756369409020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) inhibits alkaline phosphatase in a non-competitive manner, the enzyme undergoing a conformational change which is attenuated by the presence of calcium ions. The structurally related pyranone and benzoic acid are weak inhibitors of the enzyme and produce a similar conformational change. Coumarin does not induce any conformational change in the enzyme suggesting that the 4-oxo group in DSCG may be essential for its effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ochoa de Aspuru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Abstract
This paper is the fifteenth installment of our annual review of research concerning the opiate system. It includes papers published during 1992 involving the behavioral, non-analgesic, effects of the endogenous opiate peptides. The specific topics this year include stress; tolerance and dependence; eating; drinking; gastrointestinal and renal function; mental illness and mood; learning, memory, and reward; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; seizures and other neurological disorders; electrical-related activity; general activity and locomotion; sex, pregnancy, and development; immunological responses; and other behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Olson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, LA 70148
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San-Martin-Clark O, Leza JC, Lizasoain I, Lorenzo P. Changes induced by sodium cromoglycate on brain serotonin turnover in morphine dependent and abstinent mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1993; 111:233-8. [PMID: 7532863 DOI: 10.1007/bf02245529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to explain the action of sodium cromoglycate (CRO) on the brain serotonergic system in control, morphine tolerant (by SC implantation of a 75 mg morphine pellet), and also in morphine dependent mice just before naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. After SC injections of CRO in control mice, morphine tolerant mice (day 4 of addiction), and 1 h before abstinence (withdrawal was induced by SC injection of 1 mg/kg naloxone on day 4 of addiction), animals were decapitated and various brain areas were rapidly removed. 5HT (Serotonin) and 5HIAA (5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). The ratio 5HIAA/5HT provided one index by which the turnover of the indoleamine was measured. CRO increased the turnover of 5HT in most of the brain areas studied in both control and morphine dependent mice. Furthermore, previous administration of CRO prior to naloxone challenge induced a significant increase in the 5HIAA/5HT ratio in the hypothalamus and striatum. These results are discussed as the reason for the preventive effect of CRO on jumping behaviour in morphine abstinent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- O San-Martin-Clark
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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