1
|
Visser KM, Popma A, Jansen LMC, Kasius MC, Vermeiren RRJM. Improvement of group climate in a residential setting for juveniles with mild intellectual disability through training of staff in Non-Violent Resistance. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 34:1592-1601. [PMID: 34212461 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An open group climate is essential in successful residential care for juveniles with mild intellectual disability (MID). This study examined whether non-violent resistance, adapted for MID (NVR-MID), stimulates an open group climate in time. METHOD NVR-MID was implemented in three residential settings in The Netherlands, in a quasi-experimental stepped wedge design. In total, 124 clients with MID (Mage = 16.39 [SD = 4.95], 49.9% male) participated. Group climate was assessed seven times with the Group Climate Inventory for Children or the Group Climate Inventory-Revisited (GCI-R), during a total of 20 months. RESULTS Open group climate scores increased in all three institutions; effect size was medium. Clients with lower IQs experienced group climate as more positive compared to clients with higher IQs. Effects were similar for both groups. CONCLUSIONS As NVR-MID appeared to contribute to a positive experienced group climate, it might be advisable to implement NVR-MID on larger scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Visser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Youz, De Banjaard, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucres M C Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Robert R J M Vermeiren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study: Cognitive Development and Psychopathology. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:1559-1567. [PMID: 30887148 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Various aspects of the relationship between cognitive impairment and bipolar disorder are not clear yet. This study examines cognitive and educational functioning prospectively in offspring at familial risk for bipolar disorder, in order to improve our understanding of the association between cognitive functioning and psychopathology. Bipolar offspring (N = 92) from the prospective Dutch bipolar offspring study were evaluated at adolescence and adulthood for IQ estimate, educational achievement and development of any psychiatric disorder. The main outcome was IQ estimate after 12 years of follow-up (offspring mean age 28 years). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses showed that any lifetime DSM-IV axis I diagnosis was related to a lower cognitive outcome at adulthood as compared to unaffected bipolar offspring. No specific association was found for type of diagnosis. Early onset psychopathology (diagnosis at or before age 15 years) was significantly related to lower IQ estimate at adulthood, indicating a sensitive period for neurocognitive development.
Collapse
|
3
|
Addressing Aggression in the Residential Setting for Juveniles with Mild Intellectual Disability through Training in Non-Violent Resistance. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Levels of aggression are high in residential settings for juveniles with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID). As a result, treatment is less effective, aggression causes injury, traumatic experiences and longer inhabitation for juveniles. Additionally, inpatient aggression has been linked to burnout and stress among group workers, which has negative consequences such as less job satisfaction or poorer work performance
Objective
Therefore, it is crucial to diminish aggressive incidents in these settings and to find a way for staff how to respond to aggression properly.
Methods
As there is no intervention method which tackles all of the referred problems efficiently, a new method Non-violent Resistance for MID was introduced into three residential settings for juveniles with MID, in a quasi-experimental stepped wedge design. Reports of aggressive incidents were assessed seven times before, during and after the training in NVR-MID on group level. Multilevel analyses were carried out in order to assess the development of the aggressive incidents over time.
Results
Aggressive incidents decreased significantly in time during and after training in NVR-MID, this decrease is seen in all three institutions. Thus, regardless of resident’s age, gender or IQ, NVR-MID seemed successful in diminishing aggressive incidents. Furthermore, a significant interaction effect was found between institution and time, indicating that regardless if incidents of aggression were relatively high at baseline, decrease in incidents was similar to institutions where incidents were relatively low on baseline.
Conclusions
Implementing NVR-MID into residential settings for juveniles with MID and comorbid behavioral problems might help to decrease aggressive incidents.
Collapse
|
4
|
Veldkamp SAM, Zondervan-Zwijnenburg MAJ, van Bergen E, Barzeva SA, Tamayo-Martinez N, Becht AI, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Meeus W, Branje S, Hillegers MHJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Hoijtink HJA, Boomsma DI, Hartman C. Parental Age in Relation to Offspring's Neurodevelopment. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 50:632-644. [PMID: 32420762 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1756298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Advanced parenthood increases the risk of severe neurodevelopmental disorders like autism, Down syndrome and schizophrenia. Does advanced parenthood also negatively impact offspring's general neurodevelopment?Method: We analyzed child-, father-, mother- and teacher-rated attention-problems (N = 38,024), and standardized measures of intelligence (N = 10,273) and educational achievement (N = 17,522) of children from four Dutch population-based cohorts. The mean age over cohorts varied from 9.73-13.03. Most participants were of Dutch origin, ranging from 58.7%-96.7% over cohorts. We analyzed 50% of the data to generate hypotheses and the other 50% to evaluate support for these hypotheses. We aggregated the results over cohorts with Bayesian research synthesis.Results: We mostly found negative linear relations between parental age and attention-problems, meaning that offspring of younger parents tended to have more attention problems. Maternal age was positively and linearly related to offspring's IQ and educational achievement. Paternal age showed an attenuating positive relation with educational achievement and an inverted U-shape relation with IQ, with offspring of younger and older fathers at a disadvantage. Only the associations with maternal age remained after including SES. The inclusion of child gender in the model did not affect the relation between parental age and the study outcomes.Conclusions: Effects were small but significant, with better outcomes for children born to older parents. Older parents tended to be of higher SES. Indeed, the positive relation between parental age and offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes was partly confounded by SES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A M Veldkamp
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | | | - Elsje van Bergen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - S A Barzeva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
| | - N Tamayo-Martinez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center
| | - A I Becht
- Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University.,Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam
| | | | - W Meeus
- Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University
| | - S Branje
- Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University
| | - M H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center
| | - A J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
| | - H J A Hoijtink
- Department of Methodology & Statistics, Utrecht University
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - C Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zweers I, Bijstra JO, de Castro BO, Tick NT, van de Schoot RAGJ. Which School for Whom? Placement Choices for Inclusion or Exclusion of Dutch Students With Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Difficulties in Primary Education. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.17105/spr-2017-0008.v48-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
6
|
de Vries M, Verdam MG, Prins PJ, Schmand BA, Geurts HM. Exploring possible predictors and moderators of an executive function training for children with an autism spectrum disorder. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2017; 22:440-449. [PMID: 28317384 DOI: 10.1177/1362361316682622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previously, a total of 121 children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) performed an adaptive working memory (WM)-training, an adaptive flexibility-training, or a non-adaptive control (mock)-training. Despite overall improvement, there were minor differences between the adaptive and mock-training conditions. Moreover, dropout was relatively high (26%). In the current study we explored potential predicting and moderating factors to clarify these findings. The effects of intelligence, autism traits, WM, flexibility, reward sensitivity and Theory of Mind on dropout, improvement during training, and improvement in everyday executive functioning (EF), ASD-like behavior, and Quality of Life (QoL) were studied. None of the predictors influenced dropout or training improvement. However, 1) more pre-training autism traits related to less improvement in EF and QoL, and 2) higher reward sensitivity was related to more improvement in QoL and ASD-like behavior. These findings suggest that these EF-training procedures may be beneficial for children with fewer autism traits and higher reward sensitivity. However, the exploratory nature of the analyses warrant further research before applying the findings clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke de Vries
- 1 University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,2 Research Priority Area Yield, The Netherlands.,3 Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Ge Verdam
- 1 University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,2 Research Priority Area Yield, The Netherlands.,4 Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ben A Schmand
- 1 University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,4 Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde M Geurts
- 1 University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,2 Research Priority Area Yield, The Netherlands.,3 Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, The Netherlands.,5 Dr. Leo Kannerhuis, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
De Groot BJA, Van den Bos KP, Van der Meulen BF, Minnaert AEMG. Rapid Naming and Phonemic Awareness in Children With or Without Reading Disabilities and/or ADHD. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2016; 50:168-179. [PMID: 26475322 DOI: 10.1177/0022219415609186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Employing a large sample of children from Dutch regular elementary schools, this study assessed the contributing and discriminating values of reading disability (RD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to two types of phonological processing skills, phonemic awareness (PA) and rapid automatized naming (RAN). A second objective was to investigate whether comorbidity of RD and ADHD should be considered as an additive phenomenon as to RAN and PA. A total of 1,262 children, aged 8 to 13 years, were classified as RD ( n = 121), ADHD ( n = 17), comorbid (RD+ADHD; n = 16), or control ( n = 1,108). Phonological processing was assessed by standardized tests of PA and RAN. Disability groups were compared to each other and contrasted to the control group. Although results indicate substantial effects for all three disability groups on both types of phonological processing, and the RAN/PA compound measure in particular, effect sizes were considerably larger for the RD groups, as compared to the ADHD-only group. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Influence of Autism Traits and Executive Functioning on Quality of Life in Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 45:2734-43. [PMID: 25835211 PMCID: PMC4553152 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) often experience a low Quality of Life (QoL). We studied if IQ, early language development, current autism traits, and daily Executive Functions (EFs) are related to QoL in children (aged 8–12 years) with ASD (N = 120) and typically developing (TD) children (N = 76). Children with ASD showed a lower QoL than TD children. This lower QoL was related to higher levels of autism traits and EF deficits. Moreover, specific autism traits and EFs were related to specific QoL subdomains. The low QoL and the aggravating effects of autism traits and EF deficits indicate a potential to identify and target such factors in treatment to improve QoL.
Collapse
|
9
|
De Groot BJA, Van den Bos KP, Van der Meulen BF, Minnaert AEMG. Rapid Naming and Phonemic Awareness in Children With Reading Disabilities and/or Specific Language Impairment: Differentiating Processes? JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2015; 58:1538-1548. [PMID: 26163677 DOI: 10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-14-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to assess and compare the predictive values of group membership for rapid automatized naming (RAN) and phonemic awareness (PA) in Dutch school children with and without reading disabilities (RD) or specific language impairment (SLI). METHOD A composite word reading index and a formal SLI diagnosis were used to classify a total of 1,267 children aged 8 to 13 years old either as RD-only (n = 126), SLI-only (n = 21), comorbid (RD+SLI; n = 30), or typically developing (n = 1,090). RAN and PA were assessed with 4 standardized subtests. The clinical subgroups were compared to each other and contrasted with the control group. RESULTS For each subgroup, results indicate substantial effect sizes of RAN and PA. However, the RD-only group seems to be more affected by poor RAN than the SLI-only group, whereas the 2 groups perform equally poorly on PA. The comorbid group was revealed as most severely impaired on all measurements. CONCLUSIONS In studying RD and SLI, this research indicates that it is important to distinguish between RD-only, SLI-only, and comorbid groups. The comorbid group shows additive effects of both disorders.
Collapse
|
10
|
de Vries M, Prins PJM, Schmand BA, Geurts HM. Working memory and cognitive flexibility-training for children with an autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2015; 56:566-76. [PMID: 25256627 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience executive function (EF) deficits. There is an urgent need for effective interventions, but in spite of the increasing research focus on computerized cognitive training, this has not been studied in ASD. Hence, we investigated two EF training conditions in children with ASD. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial, children with ASD (n = 121, 8-12 years, IQ > 80) were randomly assigned to an adaptive working memory (WM) training, an adaptive cognitive flexibility-training, or a non-adaptive control training (mock-training). Braingame Brian, a computerized EF-training with game-elements, was used. Outcome measures (pretraining, post-training, and 6-week-follow-up) were near-transfer to trained EFs, far-transfer to other EFs (sustained attention and inhibition), and parent's ratings of daily life EFs, social behavior, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-behavior, and quality of life. RESULTS Attrition-rate was 26%. Children in all conditions who completed the training improved in WM, cognitive flexibility, attention, and on parent's ratings, but not in inhibition. There were no significant differential intervention effects, although children in the WM condition showed a trend toward improvement on near-transfer WM and ADHD-behavior, and children in the cognitive flexibility condition showed a trend toward improvement on near-transfer flexibility. CONCLUSION Although children in the WM condition tended to improve more in WM and ADHD-behavior, the lack of differential improvement on most outcome measures, the absence of a clear effect of the adaptive training compared to the mock-training, and the high attrition rate suggest that the training in its present form is probably not suitable for children with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke de Vries
- Univeristy of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|