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Tasca CI, Zuccarini M, Di Iorio P, Ciruela F. Lessons from the physiological role of guanosine in neurodegeneration and cancer: Toward a multimodal mechanism of action? Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10033-y. [PMID: 39004650 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumours represent important health challenges due to their severe nature and debilitating consequences that require substantial medical care. Interestingly, these conditions share common physiological characteristics, namely increased glutamate, and adenosine transmission, which are often associated with cellular dysregulation and damage. Guanosine, an endogenous nucleoside, is safe and exerts neuroprotective effects in preclinical models of excitotoxicity, along with cytotoxic effects on tumour cells. However, the lack of well-defined mechanisms of action for guanosine hinders a comprehensive understanding of its physiological effects. In fact, the absence of specific receptors for guanosine impedes the development of structure-activity research programs to develop guanosine derivatives for therapeutic purposes. Alternatively, given its apparent interaction with the adenosinergic system, it is plausible that guanosine exerts its neuroprotective and anti-tumorigenic effects by modulating adenosine transmission through undisclosed mechanisms involving adenosine receptors, transporters, and purinergic metabolism. Here, several potential molecular mechanisms behind the protective actions of guanosine will be discussed. First, we explore its potential interaction with adenosine receptors (A1R and A2AR), including the A1R-A2AR heteromer. In addition, we consider the impact of guanosine on extracellular adenosine levels and the role of guanine-based purine-converting enzymes. Collectively, the diverse cellular functions of guanosine as neuroprotective and antiproliferative agent suggest a multimodal and complementary mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Inês Tasca
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry-4, Neuroscience Program/Biochemistry Program, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropharmacology & Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, 08907L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Bellvitge, Spain
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Xu Z, Chen L, Lin X, Lyu Y, Zhou M, Chen H, Zhang H, Zhang T, Chen Y, Suo Y, Liang Q, Qin Z, Wang Y. Single Nucleus Total RNA Sequencing of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Gliomas. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301801. [PMID: 38958078 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Gliomas, the predominant form of brain cancer, comprise diverse malignant subtypes with limited curative therapies available. The insufficient understanding of their molecular diversity and evolutionary processes hinders the advancement of new treatments. Technical complexities associated with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical samples hinder molecular-level analyses of gliomas. Current single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) platforms are inadequate for large-scale clinical applications. In this study, automated snRandom-seq is developed, a high-throughput single-nucleus total RNA sequencing platform optimized for archival FFPE samples. This platform integrates automated single-nucleus isolation and droplet barcoding systems with the random primer-based scRNA-seq chemistry, accommodating a broad spectrum of sample types. The automated snRandom-seq is applied to analyze 116 492 single nuclei from 17 FFPE samples of various glioma subtypes, including rare clinical samples and matched primary-recurrent glioblastomas (GBMs). The study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular characteristics of gliomas at the single-cell level. Abundant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with distinct expression profiles across different glioma clusters and uncovered promising recurrence-related targets and pathways in primary-recurrent GBMs are identified. These findings establish automated snRandom-seq as a robust tool for scRNA-seq of FFPE samples, enabling exploration of molecular diversities and tumor evolution. This platform holds significant implications for large-scale integrative and retrospective clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lingchao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuexiao Lyu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | | | - Haide Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | | | | | - Yu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuanzhen Suo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Jiangsu Healthy Life Innovation Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214174, China
| | | | - Zhiyong Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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Marvi PK, Ahmed SR, Das P, Ghosh R, Srinivasan S, Rajabzadeh AR. Prunella vulgaris-phytosynthesized platinum nanoparticles: Insights into nanozymatic activity for H 2O 2 and glutamate detection and antioxidant capacity. Talanta 2024; 274:125998. [PMID: 38574541 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Artificial nanozymes (enzyme-mimics), specifically metallic nanomaterials, have garnered significant attention recently due to their reduced preparation cost and enhanced stability in a wide range of environments. The present investigation highlights, for the first time, a straightforward green synthesis of biogenic platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) from a natural resource, namely Prunella vulgaris (Pr). To demonstrate the effectiveness of the phytochemical extract as an effective reducing agent, the PtNPs were characterized by various techniques such as UV-vis spectroscopy, High-resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), zeta-potential analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The formation of PtNPs with narrow size distribution was verified. Surface decoration of PtNPs was demonstrated with multitudinous functional groups springing from the herbal extract. To demonstrate their use as viable nanozymes, the peroxidase-like activity of Pr/PtNPs was evaluated through a colorimetric assay. Highly sensitive visual detection of H2O2 with discrete linear ranges and a low detection limit of 3.43 μM was demonstrated. Additionally, peroxidase-like catalytic activity was leveraged to develop a colorimetric platform to quantify glutamate biomarker levels with a high degree of selectivity, the limit of detection (LOD) being 7.00 μM. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test was used to explore the scavenging nature of the PtNPs via the degradation of DPPH. Overall, the colorimetric assay developed using the Pr/PtNP nanozymes in this work could be used in a broad spectrum of applications, ranging from biomedicine and food science to environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Khoshbakht Marvi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Syed Rahin Ahmed
- School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Poushali Das
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Raja Ghosh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Seshasai Srinivasan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada; School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada.
| | - Amin Reza Rajabzadeh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada; School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada.
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Sarmiento JVM, Casis RM, Opinaldo PVA. Understanding the Brain-Heart Connection Through a Case of Angry Glioma Syndrome. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2024; 12:121-124. [PMID: 38742261 PMCID: PMC11096629 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2024.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
We discuss a patient with a tumor on the anterior corpus callosum who underwent open biopsy eventually succumbing to cerebrogenic fatal arrhythmia following wounded glioma syndrome. A healthy 37-year-old female patient was admitted to our department due to a history of headache for 13 months. MRI revealed a suspicious glioma infiltrating the anterior corpus callosum. Neurologic examination only showed low cognitive assessment score (Montreal Cognitive Assessment score 20/30). ECG was normal sinus rhythm. Steroids and levetiracetam were administered prior to operation. Patient underwent right frontal craniotomy and biopsy of tumor with unremarkable events. During the first hospital day, patient had episodes of bradycardia followed by decrease in sensorium. Brain CT scan showed progression of edema without hemorrhage within the tumor bed. This was followed minutes later by two episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizures and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Cardiac resuscitation was done for 24 minutes but patient eventually expired. Location of the lesion and the epileptogenicity of the peritumoral cortex greatly contributed to the patient's demise. Involvement of the fronto-mesial structures, particularly the insula and the cingulate cortex, and their connection to the central autonomic network, increased susceptibility to arrhythmias. Decreased seizure threshold worsened post-operative edema, further aggravating the dysregulation of the brain-heart-connection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rhoderick M Casis
- St. Luke's Medical Center, Institute for Neurosciences, Quezon City, Philippines
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Harachi M, Masui K, Shimizu E, Murakami K, Onizuka H, Muragaki Y, Kawamata T, Nakayama H, Miyata M, Komori T, Cavenee WK, Mischel PS, Kurata A, Shibata N. DNA hypomethylator phenotype reprograms glutamatergic network in receptor tyrosine kinase gene-mutated glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:40. [PMID: 38481314 PMCID: PMC10935831 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is crucial for chromatin structure and gene expression and its aberrancies, including the global "hypomethylator phenotype", are associated with cancer. Here we show that an underlying mechanism for this phenotype in the large proportion of the highly lethal brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) carrying receptor tyrosine kinase gene mutations, involves the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), that is critical for growth factor signaling. In this scenario, mTORC2 suppresses the expression of the de novo DNA methyltransferase (DNMT3A) thereby inducing genome-wide DNA hypomethylation. Mechanistically, mTORC2 facilitates a redistribution of EZH2 histone methyltransferase into the promoter region of DNMT3A, and epigenetically represses the expression of DNA methyltransferase. Integrated analyses in both orthotopic mouse models and clinical GBM samples indicate that the DNA hypomethylator phenotype consistently reprograms a glutamate metabolism network, eventually driving GBM cell invasion and survival. These results nominate mTORC2 as a novel regulator of DNA hypomethylation in cancer and an exploitable target against cancer-promoting epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Harachi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kenta Masui
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Erika Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kumiko Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hiromi Onizuka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering Research and Development, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takakazu Kawamata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hisako Nakayama
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Mariko Miyata
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Musashinodai, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Webster K Cavenee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Atsushi Kurata
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
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Wang B, Pei J, Xu S, Liu J, Yu J. A glutamine tug-of-war between cancer and immune cells: recent advances in unraveling the ongoing battle. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:74. [PMID: 38459595 PMCID: PMC10921613 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamine metabolism plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, immune cell function, and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Dysregulated glutamine metabolism has been implicated in cancer development and immune responses, supported by mounting evidence. Cancer cells heavily rely on glutamine as a critical nutrient for survival and proliferation, while immune cells require glutamine for activation and proliferation during immune reactions. This metabolic competition creates a dynamic tug-of-war between cancer and immune cells. Targeting glutamine transporters and downstream enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism holds significant promise in enhancing anti-tumor immunity. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying this interplay is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic approaches that improve anti-tumor immunity and patient outcomes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in unraveling the tug-of-war of glutamine metabolism between cancer and immune cells and explore potential applications of basic science discoveries in the clinical setting. Further investigations into the regulation of glutamine metabolism in cancer and immune cells are expected to yield valuable insights, paving the way for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinli Pei
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengnan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Pan J, Wang Y, Huang S, Mao S, Ling Q, Li C, Li F, Yu M, Huang X, Huang J, Lv Y, Li X, Ye W, Wang H, Wang J, Jin J. High expression of BCAT1 sensitizes AML cells to PARP inhibitor by suppressing DNA damage response. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:415-433. [PMID: 38340163 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Previous evidence has confirmed that branched-chain aminotransferase-1 (BCAT1), a key enzyme governing branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, has a role in cancer aggression partly by restricting αKG levels and inhibiting the activities of the αKG-dependent enzyme family. The oncogenic role of BCAT1, however, was not fully elucidated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we investigated the clinical significance and biological insight of BCAT1 in AML. Using q-PCR, we analyzed BCAT1 mRNAs in bone marrow samples from 332 patients with newly diagnosed AML. High BCAT1 expression independently predicts poor prognosis in patients with AML. We also established BCAT1 knockout (KO)/over-expressing (OE) AML cell lines to explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that BCAT1 affects cell proliferation and modulates cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and DNA damage/repair process. Additionally, we demonstrated that BCAT1 regulates histone methylation by reducing intracellular αKG levels in AML cells. Moreover, high expression of BCAT1 enhances the sensitivity of AML cells to the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor both in vivo and in vitro. Our study has demonstrated that BCAT1 expression can serve as a reliable predictor for AML patients, and PARP inhibitor BMN673 can be used as an effective treatment strategy for patients with high BCAT1 expression. KEY MESSAGES: High expression of BCAT1 is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with CN-AML. High BCAT1 expression in AML limits intracellular αKG levels, impairs αKG-dependent histone demethylase activity, and upregulates H3K9me3 levels. H3K9me3 inhibits ATM expression and blocks cellular DNA damage repair process. Increased sensitivity of BCAT1 high expression AML to PARP inhibitors may be used as an effective treatment strategy in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Pan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yungui Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Huang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, China
| | - Shihui Mao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenying Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxia Yu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenle Ye
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Lee SG. Editorial: 15 Years of Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience: astrocytes in brain disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1374172. [PMID: 38370033 PMCID: PMC10870418 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1374172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Buccoliero AM, Caporalini C, Moscardi S, Cetica V, Mei D, Conti V, Nozzoli F, Bonaudo C, Battista F, Giordano F, Mura R, Spacca B, Mussa F, D'Onofrio V, Guerrini R, Genitori L, Scagnet M. Leat-associated seizures the possible role of EAAT2, pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase. Epilepsy Res 2024; 199:107258. [PMID: 38086219 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-resistant epilepsy is a common condition in patients with brain neoplasms. The pathogenesis of tumor-associated seizures is poorly understood. Among the possible pathogenetic mechanisms, the increase in glutamate concentration has been proposed. Glutamate transporters, glutamine synthetase and pyruvate carboxylase are involved in maintaining the physiological concentration of glutamate in the intersynaptic spaces. In our previous research on angiocentric gliomas, we demonstrated that all tumors lacked the expression of the main glutamate transporter EAAT2, while the expression of glutamine synthetase and pyruvate carboxylase was mostly preserved. METHODS In the present study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of EAAT2, glutamine synthetase and pyruvate carboxylase in a heterogeneous series of 25 long-term epilepsy-associated tumors (10 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, 7 gangliogliomas, 3 subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, 3 rosette forming glioneuronal tumors, 1 diffuse astrocytoma MYB- or MYBL1-altered and 1 angiocentric glioma). In order to evaluate the incidence of variants in the SLC1A2 gene, encoding EAAT2, in a large number of central nervous system tumors we also queried the PedcBioPortal. RESULTS EAAT2 protein expression was lost in 9 tumors (36 %: 3 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, 1 ganglioglioma, 3 subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, 1 diffuse astrocytoma MYB- or MYBL1-altered and 1 angiocentric glioma). Glutamine synthetase protein expression was completely lost in 2 tumors (8 %; 1 ganglioglioma and 1 diffuse astrocytoma MYB- or MYBL1-altered). All tumors of our series but rosette forming glioneuronal tumors (in which neurocytic cells were negative) were diffusely positive for pyruvate carboxylase. Consultation of the PedcBioPortal revealed that of 2307 pediatric brain tumors of different histotype and grade, 20 (< 1%) had variants in the SLC1A2 gene. Among the SLC1A2-mutated tumors, there were no angiocentric gliomas or other LEATs CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, unlike angiocentric gliomas where the EAAT2 loss is typical and constant, the current study shows the loss of EAAT2 expression only in a fraction of the LEATs. In these cases, we may hypothesize some possible epileptogenic role of the EAAT2 loss. The retained expression of pyruvate carboxylase may contribute to determining a pathological glutamate excess unopposed by glutamine synthetase that resulted expressed to a variable extent in the majority of the tumors. Furthermore, we can assume that the EAAT2 loss in brain tumors in general and in LEATs in particular is more conceivably epigenetic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Selene Moscardi
- Pathology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Cetica
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Valerio Conti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Filippo Nozzoli
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Camilla Bonaudo
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Battista
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavio Giordano
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Regina Mura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Spacca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Mussa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Renzo Guerrini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Scagnet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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10
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McAfee D, Moyer M, Queen J, Mortazavi A, Boddeti U, Bachani M, Zaghloul K, Ksendzovsky A. Differential metabolic alterations in IDH1 mutant vs. wildtype glioma cells promote epileptogenesis through distinctive mechanisms. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1288918. [PMID: 38026690 PMCID: PMC10680369 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1288918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is a hallmark clinical presentation of gliomas with significant impacts on patient quality of life. The current standard of care for seizure management is comprised of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and surgical resection. Seizures in glioma patients are often drug-resistant and can often recur after surgery despite total tumor resection. Therefore, current research is focused on the pro-epileptic pathological changes occurring in tumor cells and the peritumoral environment. One important contribution to seizures in GRE patients is metabolic reprogramming in tumor and surrounding cells. This is most evident by the significantly heightened seizure rate in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated (IDHmut) tumors compared to patients with IDH wildtype (IDHwt) gliomas. To gain further insight into glioma metabolism in epileptogenesis, this review compares the metabolic changes inherent to IDHmut vs. IDHwt tumors and describes the pro-epileptic effects these changes have on both the tumor cells and the peritumoral environment. Understanding alterations in glioma metabolism can help to uncover novel therapeutic interventions for seizure management in GRE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrian McAfee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mitchell Moyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaden Queen
- The College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Armin Mortazavi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ujwal Boddeti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Muzna Bachani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Ksendzovsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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11
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Becchetti A. Interplay of Ca 2+ and K + signals in cell physiology and cancer. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 92:15-46. [PMID: 38007266 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration and the activity of K+ channels on the plasma membrane regulate cellular processes ranging from mitosis to oriented migration. The interplay between Ca2+ and K+ signals is intricate, and different cell types rely on peculiar cellular mechanisms. Derangement of these mechanisms accompanies the neoplastic progression. The calcium signals modulated by voltage-gated (KV) and calcium-dependent (KCa) K+ channel activity regulate progression of the cell division cycle, the release of growth factors, apoptosis, cell motility and migration. Moreover, KV channels regulate the cell response to the local microenvironment by assembling with cell adhesion and growth factor receptors. This chapter summarizes the pathophysiological roles of Ca2+ and K+ fluxes in normal and cancer cells, by concentrating on several biological systems in which these functions have been studied in depth, such as early embryos, mammalian cell lines, T lymphocytes, gliomas and colorectal cancer cells. A full understanding of the underlying mechanisms will offer a comprehensive view of the ion channel implication in cancer biology and suggest potential pharmacological targets for novel therapeutic approaches in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
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12
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Huang Q, Ding Y, Fang C, Wang H, Kong L. The Emerging Role of Ferroptosis in Sepsis, Opportunity or Challenge? Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5551-5562. [PMID: 37641800 PMCID: PMC10460599 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s419993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome in multi-organ dysfunction triggered by a deleterious immunological reaction of the body to a condition caused by infection, surgery, or trauma. Currently, sepsis is thought to be primarily associated with abnormal immune responses resulting in organ microcirculatory disturbances, cellular mitochondrial dysfunction, and induced cell death, although the exact pathogenesis of sepsis is still inconclusive. In recent years, the role of abnormal metabolism of trace nutrients in the pathogenesis of sepsis has been investigated. Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that relies on iron and is characterized by unique morphological, biochemical, and genetic features. Unlike other forms of cell death, such as autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis, ferroptosis is primarily driven by lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis cells may be immunogenic, amplify inflammatory responses, cause more cell death, and ultimately induce multi-organ failure. An increasing number of studies have indicated the significance of ferroptosis in sepsis and its role in reducing inflammation. The effectiveness of sepsis treatment has been demonstrated by the use of drugs that specifically target molecules associated with the ferroptosis pathway, including ferroptosis inhibitors. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the multi-organ dysfunction caused by ferroptosis in sepsis. This article presents a summary and evaluation of recent progress in the role of ferroptosis through molecularly regulated mechanisms and its potential mechanisms of action in the multi-organ dysfunction associated with sepsis. It also discusses the current challenges and prospects in understanding the connection between sepsis and ferroptosis, and proposes innovative ideas and strategies for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qigang Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingwei Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Laifa Kong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Yakubov E, Schmid S, Hammer A, Chen D, Dahlmanns JK, Mitrovic I, Zurabashvili L, Savaskan N, Steiner HH, Dahlmanns M. Ferroptosis and PPAR-gamma in the limelight of brain tumors and edema. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1176038. [PMID: 37554158 PMCID: PMC10406130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1176038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human malignant brain tumors such as gliomas are devastating due to the induction of cerebral edema and neurodegeneration. A major contributor to glioma-induced neurodegeneration has been identified as glutamate. Glutamate promotes cell growth and proliferation in variety of tumor types. Intriguently, glutamate is also an excitatory neurotransmitter and evokes neuronal cell death at high concentrations. Even though glutamate signaling at the receptor and its downstream effectors has been extensively investigated at the molecular level, there has been little insight into how glutamate enters the tumor microenvironment and impacts on metabolic equilibration until recently. Surprisingly, the 12 transmembrane spanning tranporter xCT (SLC7A11) appeared to be a major player in this process, mediating glutamate secretion and ferroptosis. Also, PPARγ is associated with ferroptosis in neurodegeneration, thereby destroying neurons and causing brain swelling. Although these data are intriguing, tumor-associated edema has so far been quoted as of vasogenic origin. Hence, glutamate and PPARγ biology in the process of glioma-induced brain swelling is conceptually challenging. By inhibiting xCT transporter or AMPA receptors in vivo, brain swelling and peritumoral alterations can be mitigated. This review sheds light on the role of glutamate in brain tumors presenting the conceptual challenge that xCT disruption causes ferroptosis activation in malignant brain tumors. Thus, interfering with glutamate takes center stage in forming the basis of a metabolic equilibration approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Yakubov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmid
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Hammer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
- Center for Spine and Scoliosis Therapy, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daishi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jana Katharina Dahlmanns
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ivana Mitrovic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bogenhausen Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Savaskan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical School Hospital Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (UKER), Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Public Health Neukölln, District Office Neukölln of Berlin Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marc Dahlmanns
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Niu H, Bu H, Zhao J, Zhu Y. Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Nanoplatforms for the Theranostic Applications of Neurological Diseases. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206575. [PMID: 36908079 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurological diseases are the foremost cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Owing to the special microenvironment of neural tissues and biological characteristics of neural cells, a considerable number of neurological disorders are currently incurable. In the past few years, the development of nanoplatforms based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has broadened opportunities for offering sensitive diagnosis/monitoring and effective therapy of neurology-related diseases. In this article, the obstacles for neurotherapeutics, including delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, the existence of blood brain barrier (BBB), off-target treatment, irrepressible inflammatory storm/oxidative stress, and irreversible nerve cell death are summarized. Correspondingly, MOFs-based diagnostic/monitoring strategies such as neuroimaging and biosensors (electrochemistry, fluorometry, colorimetry, electrochemiluminescence, etc.) and MOFs-based therapeutic strategies including higher BBB permeability, targeting specific lesion sites, attenuation of neuroinflammation/oxidative stress as well as regeneration of nerve cells, are extensively highlighted for the management of neurological diseases. Finally, the challenges of the present research from perspective of clinical translation are discussed, hoping to facilitate interdisciplinary studies at the intersections between MOFs-based nanoplatforms and neurotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Niu
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Hui Bu
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yufang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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15
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Anwar F, Al-Abbasi FA, Naqvi S, Sheikh RA, Alhayyani S, Asseri AH, Asar TO, Kumar V. Therapeutic Potential of Nanomedicine in Management of Alzheimer's Disease and Glioma. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2737-2756. [PMID: 37250469 PMCID: PMC10211371 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s405454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoplasm (Glioblastoma) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) comprise two of the most chronic psychological ailments. Glioblastoma is one of the aggressive and prevalent malignant diseases characterized by rapid growth and invasion resulting from cell migration and degradation of extracellular matrix. While the latter is characterized by extracellular plaques of amyloid and intracellular tangles of tau proteins. Both possess a high degree of resistance to treatment owing to the restricted transport of corresponding drugs to the brain protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Development of optimized therapies using advanced technologies is a great need of today. One such approach is the designing of nanoparticles (NPs) to facilitate the drug delivery at the target site. The present article elaborates the advances in nanomedicines in treatment of both AD as well as Gliomas. The intention of this review is to provide an overview of different types of NPs with their physical properties emphasizing their importance in traversing the BBB and hitting the target site. Further, we discuss the therapeutic applications of these NPs along with their specific targets. Multiple overlapping factors with a common pathway in development of AD and Glioblastoma are discussed in details that will assist the readers in developing the conceptual approach to target the NP for an aging population in the given circumstances with limitations of currently designed NPs, and the challenges to meet and the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Naqvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alhayyani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, Rabigh King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer H Asseri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turky Omar Asar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, SHUATS, Prayagraj, India
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16
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Sisakht AK, Malekan M, Ghobadinezhad F, Firouzabadi SNM, Jafari A, Mirazimi SMA, Abadi B, Shafabakhsh R, Mirzaei H. Cellular Conversations in Glioblastoma Progression, Diagnosis and Treatment. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:585-603. [PMID: 35411434 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent malignancy among primary brain tumors in adults and one of the worst 5-year survival rates (< 7%) among all human cancers. Till now, treatments that target particular cell or intracellular metabolism have not improved patients' survival. GBM recruits healthy brain cells and subverts their processes to create a microenvironment that contributes to supporting tumor progression. This microenvironment encompasses a complex network in which malignant cells interact with each other and with normal and immune cells to promote tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune suppression, and treatment resistance. Communication can be direct via cell-to-cell contact, mainly through adhesion molecules, tunneling nanotubes, gap junctions, or indirect by conventional paracrine signaling by cytokine, neurotransmitter, and extracellular vesicles. Understanding these communication routes could open up new avenues for the treatment of this lethal tumor. Hence, therapeutic approaches based on glioma cells` communication have recently drawn attention. This review summarizes recent findings on the crosstalk between glioblastoma cells and their tumor microenvironment, and the impact of this conversation on glioblastoma progression. We also discuss the mechanism of communication of glioma cells and their importance as therapeutic targets and diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Overall, understanding the biological mechanism of specific interactions in the tumor microenvironment may help in predicting patient prognosis and developing novel therapeutic strategies to target GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karimi Sisakht
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Malekan
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Ghobadinezhad
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Negar Mousavi Firouzabadi
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Banafshe Abadi
- Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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17
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Koda S, Hu J, Ju X, Sun G, Shao S, Tang RX, Zheng KY, Yan J. The role of glutamate receptors in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1123841. [PMID: 36817470 PMCID: PMC9929049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1123841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, as one of the most important carbon sources in the TCA cycle, is central in metabolic processes that will subsequently influence tumor progression. Several factors can affect the expression of glutamate receptors, playing either a tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressor role in cancer. Thus, the activation of glutamate receptors by the ligand could play a role in tumor development as ample studies have demonstrated the expression of glutamate receptors in a broad range of tumor cells. Glutamate and its receptors are involved in the regulation of different immune cells' development and function, as suggested by the receptor expression in immune cells. The activation of glutamate receptors can enhance the effectiveness of the effector's T cells, or decrease the cytokine production in immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells, increasing the antitumor immune response. These receptors are essential for the interaction between tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the regulation of antitumor immune responses. Although the role of glutamate in the TCA cycle has been well studied, few studies have deeply investigated the role of glutamate receptors in the regulation of cancer and immune cells within the TME. Here, by a systematic review of the available data, we will critically assess the physiopathological relevance of glutamate receptors in the regulation of cancer and immune cells in the TME and provide some unifying hypotheses for futures research on the role of glutamate receptors in the immune modulation of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Koda
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoman Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guowei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Simin Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren-Xian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Juming Yan, ; Kui-Yang Zheng,
| | - Juming Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Juming Yan, ; Kui-Yang Zheng,
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18
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Ion Channels in Gliomas-From Molecular Basis to Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032530. [PMID: 36768856 PMCID: PMC9916861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels provide the basis for the nervous system's intrinsic electrical activity. Neuronal excitability is a characteristic property of neurons and is critical for all functions of the nervous system. Glia cells fulfill essential supportive roles, but unlike neurons, they also retain the ability to divide. This can lead to uncontrolled growth and the formation of gliomas. Ion channels are involved in the unique biology of gliomas pertaining to peritumoral pathology and seizures, diffuse invasion, and treatment resistance. The emerging picture shows ion channels in the brain at the crossroads of neurophysiology and fundamental pathophysiological processes of specific cancer behaviors as reflected by uncontrolled proliferation, infiltration, resistance to apoptosis, metabolism, and angiogenesis. Ion channels are highly druggable, making them an enticing therapeutic target. Targeting ion channels in difficult-to-treat brain tumors such as gliomas requires an understanding of their extremely heterogenous tumor microenvironment and highly diverse molecular profiles, both representing major causes of recurrence and treatment resistance. In this review, we survey the current knowledge on ion channels with oncogenic behavior within the heterogeneous group of gliomas, review ion channel gene expression as genomic biomarkers for glioma prognosis and provide an update on therapeutic perspectives for repurposed and novel ion channel inhibitors and electrotherapy.
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19
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Bencsik N, Oueslati Morales CO, Hausser A, Schlett K. Endocytosis of AMPA receptors: Role in neurological conditions. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 196:59-97. [PMID: 36813366 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AMPA receptors are glutamate-gated ion channels, present in a wide range of neuron types and in glial cells. Their main role is to mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission, and therefore, they are critical for normal brain function. In neurons, AMPA receptors undergo constitutive and activity-dependent trafficking between the synaptic, extrasynaptic and intracellular pools. The kinetics of AMPA receptor trafficking is crucial for the precise functioning of both individual neurons and neural networks involved in information processing and learning. Many of the neurological diseases evoked by neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative malfunctions or traumatic injuries are caused by impaired synaptic function in the central nervous system. For example, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), tumors, seizures, ischemic strokes, and traumatic brain injury are all characterized by impaired glutamate homeostasis and associated neuronal death, typically caused by excitotoxicity. Given the important role of AMPA receptors in neuronal function, it is not surprising that perturbations in AMPA receptor trafficking are associated with these neurological disorders. In this book chapter, we will first introduce the structure, physiology and synthesis of AMPA receptors, followed by an in-depth description of the molecular mechanisms that control AMPA receptor endocytosis and surface levels under basal conditions or synaptic plasticity. Finally, we will discuss how impairments in AMPA receptor trafficking, particularly endocytosis, contribute to the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders and what efforts are being made to therapeutically target this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Bencsik
- Neuronal Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carlos Omar Oueslati Morales
- Membrane Trafficking and Signalling Group, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Membrane Trafficking and Signalling Group, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany; Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katalin Schlett
- Neuronal Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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20
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Altered Extracellular Matrix as an Alternative Risk Factor for Epileptogenicity in Brain Tumors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102475. [PMID: 36289737 PMCID: PMC9599244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are one of the most common symptoms of brain tumors. The incidence of seizures differs among brain tumor type, grade, location and size, but paediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas/glioneuronal tumors are often highly epileptogenic. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to play a role in epileptogenesis and tumorigenesis because it is involved in the (re)modelling of neuronal connections and cell-cell signaling. In this review, we discuss the epileptogenicity of brain tumors with a focus on tumor type, location, genetics and the role of the extracellular matrix. In addition to functional problems, epileptogenic tumors can lead to increased morbidity and mortality, stigmatization and life-long care. The health advantages can be major if the epileptogenic properties of brain tumors are better understood. Surgical resection is the most common treatment of epilepsy-associated tumors, but post-surgery seizure-freedom is not always achieved. Therefore, we also discuss potential novel therapies aiming to restore ECM function.
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Wang Z, Chen G. Insights about circadian clock in glioma: From molecular pathways to therapeutic drugs. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1930-1941. [PMID: 36066207 PMCID: PMC9627379 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is characterized as the most aggressive brain tumor that occurred in the central nervous system. The circadian rhythm is an essential cyclic change system generated by the endogenous circadian clock. Current studies found that the circadian clock affects glioma pathophysiology. It is still controversial whether the circadian rhythm disruption is a cause or an effect of tumorigenesis. This review discussed the association between cell cycle and circadian clock and provided a prominent molecular theoretical basis for tumor therapy. We illustrated the external factors affecting the circadian clock including thermodynamics, hypoxia, post-translation, and microRNA, while the internal characteristics concerning the circadian clock in glioma involve stemness, metabolism, radiotherapy sensitivity, and chemotherapy sensitivity. We also summarized the molecular pathways and the therapeutic drugs involved in the glioma circadian rhythm. There are still many questions in this field waiting for further investigation. The results of glioma chronotherapy in sensitizing radiation therapy and chemotherapy have shown great therapeutic potential in improving clinical outcomes. These findings will help us further understand the characteristics of glioma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina,Institute of Stroke ResearchSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina,Institute of Stroke ResearchSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Hills KE, Kostarelos K, Wykes RC. Converging Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis and Their Insight in Glioblastoma. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:903115. [PMID: 35832394 PMCID: PMC9271928 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.903115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and advanced form of primary malignant tumor occurring in the adult central nervous system, and it is frequently associated with epilepsy, a debilitating comorbidity. Seizures are observed both pre- and post-surgical resection, indicating that several pathophysiological mechanisms are shared but also prompting questions about how the process of epileptogenesis evolves throughout GBM progression. Molecular mutations commonly seen in primary GBM, i.e., in PTEN and p53, and their associated downstream effects are known to influence seizure likelihood. Similarly, various intratumoral mechanisms, such as GBM-induced blood-brain barrier breakdown and glioma-immune cell interactions within the tumor microenvironment are also cited as contributing to network hyperexcitability. Substantial alterations to peri-tumoral glutamate and chloride transporter expressions, as well as widespread dysregulation of GABAergic signaling are known to confer increased epileptogenicity and excitotoxicity. The abnormal characteristics of GBM alter neuronal network function to result in metabolically vulnerable and hyperexcitable peri-tumoral tissue, properties the tumor then exploits to favor its own growth even post-resection. It is evident that there is a complex, dynamic interplay between GBM and epilepsy that promotes the progression of both pathologies. This interaction is only more complicated by the concomitant presence of spreading depolarization (SD). The spontaneous, high-frequency nature of GBM-associated epileptiform activity and SD-associated direct current (DC) shifts require technologies capable of recording brain signals over a wide bandwidth, presenting major challenges for comprehensive electrophysiological investigations. This review will initially provide a detailed examination of the underlying mechanisms that promote network hyperexcitability in GBM. We will then discuss how an investigation of these pathologies from a network level, and utilization of novel electrophysiological tools, will yield a more-effective, clinically-relevant understanding of GBM-related epileptogenesis. Further to this, we will evaluate the clinical relevance of current preclinical research and consider how future therapeutic advancements may impact the bidirectional relationship between GBM, SDs, and seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E. Hills
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Catalan Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Edifici ICN2, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert C. Wykes
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Robert C. Wykes
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Ding J, He L, Li T, Yin Y. Research progress on the function of the amino acid transporter gene <italic>SLC1A3</italic> and its regulation mechanism of action in the nervous system and mitochondria. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xu Y, Zhu T, Niu Y, Ye BC. Electrochemical detection of glutamate by metal–organic frameworks-derived Ni@NC electrocatalysts. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wardak M, Sonni I, Fan AP, Minamimoto R, Jamali M, Hatami N, Zaharchuk G, Fischbein N, Nagpal S, Li G, Koglin N, Berndt M, Bullich S, Stephens AW, Dinkelborg LM, Abel T, Manning HC, Rosenberg J, Chin FT, Sam Gambhir S, Mittra ES. 18F-FSPG PET/CT Imaging of System x C- Transporter Activity in Patients with Primary and Metastatic Brain Tumors. Radiology 2022; 303:620-631. [PMID: 35191738 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.203296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The PET tracer (4S)-4-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate (18F-FSPG) targets the system xC- cotransporter, which is overexpressed in various tumors. Purpose To assess the role of 18F-FSPG PET/CT in intracranial malignancies. Materials and Methods Twenty-six patients (mean age, 54 years ± 12; 17 men; 48 total lesions) with primary brain tumors (n = 17) or brain metastases (n = 9) were enrolled in this prospective, single-center study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02370563) between November 2014 and March 2016. A 30-minute dynamic brain 18F-FSPG PET/CT scan and a static whole-body (WB) 18F-FSPG PET/CT scan at 60-75 minutes were acquired. Moreover, all participants underwent MRI, and four participants underwent fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging. PET parameters and their relative changes were obtained for all lesions. Kinetic modeling was used to estimate the 18F-FSPG tumor rate constants using the dynamic and dynamic plus WB PET data. Imaging parameters were correlated to lesion outcomes, as determined with follow-up MRI and/or pathologic examination. The Mann-Whitney U test or Student t test was used for group mean comparisons. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for performance comparison of different decision measures. Results 18F-FSPG PET/CT helped identify all 48 brain lesions. The mean tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) on the whole-brain PET images at the WB time point was 26.6 ± 24.9 (range: 2.6-150.3). When 18F-FDG PET was performed, 18F-FSPG permitted visualization of non-18F-FDG-avid lesions or allowed better lesion differentiation from surrounding tissues. In participants with primary brain tumors, the predictive accuracy of the relative changes in influx rate constant Ki and maximum standardized uptake value to discriminate between poor and good lesion outcomes were 89% and 81%, respectively. There were significant differences in the 18F-FSPG uptake curves of lesions with good versus poor outcomes in the primary brain tumor group (P < .05) but not in the brain metastases group. Conclusion PET/CT imaging with (4S)-4-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-l-glutamate (18F-FSPG) helped detect primary brain tumors and brain metastases with a high tumor-to-background ratio. Relative changes in 18F-FSPG uptake with multi-time-point PET appear to be helpful in predicting lesion outcomes. Clinical trial registration no. NCT02370563 © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirwais Wardak
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Ida Sonni
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Audrey P Fan
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Ryogo Minamimoto
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Mehran Jamali
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Negin Hatami
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Greg Zaharchuk
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Nancy Fischbein
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Seema Nagpal
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Gordon Li
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Norman Koglin
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Mathias Berndt
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Santiago Bullich
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Andrew W Stephens
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Ludger M Dinkelborg
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Ty Abel
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - H Charles Manning
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Jarrett Rosenberg
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Frederick T Chin
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
| | - Erik S Mittra
- From the Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (M.W., I.S., A.P.F., R.M., M.J., N.H., G.Z., N.F., J.R., F.T.C., S.S.G., E.S.M.), Department of Neurosurgery (N.F., S.N., G.L.), and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences (N.F., S.N., G.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA Ahmanson Biological Imaging Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (I.S.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, Calif (A.P.F.); Stanford Bio-X (M.W., G.Z., G.L., F.T.C., S.S.G.) and Departments of Bioengineering (S.S.G.) and Materials Science & Engineering (S.S.G.), Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany (N.K., M.B., S.B., A.W.S., L.M.D.); Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology (T.A.) and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Center for Molecular Probes (H.C.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; and Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex (H.C.M.)
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Ma S, Gao L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Hu T. A novel three-fold interpenetration 3D Cd-based coordination polymer for the sensing of glutamate in aqueous medium and calf serum. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yu C, Qi H, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Wu G. Elevated Expression of Gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase Is Associated With Poor Prognosis and Altered Immune Signature in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 12:764194. [PMID: 35082830 PMCID: PMC8785095 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.764194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is a common malignant tumor of the female reproductive system with poor prognosis in advanced, recurrent, and metastatic cases. Identification of reliable molecular markers will help in the development of clinical strategies for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention. Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism pathway. High expression of GGH is associated with severe clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of several cancers. High GGH expression is also related to cell resistance to antifolate drugs such as methotrexate. In this study we focused on the prognostic value of immunohistochemical GGH expression level in UCEC tissue and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to establish associations with clinical features and outcomes. Further, we conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analyses to identify and functionally annotate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with UCEC upregulation and assessed the effects of upregulation on immune infiltration. Both GGH mRNA and protein expression levels were elevated in tumor tissues, and higher expression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological features and poor prognosis by univariate analysis. Further multivariate analysis identified elevated GGH expression as an independent risk factor for poor outcome. Nomograms including GGH expression yielded a c-index for disease-specific survival prediction of 0.884 (95% confidence interval: 0.861–0.907). A total of 520 DEGs (111 upregulated and 409 downregulated) were identified between high and low GGH expression groups. Analysis using Gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, Gene set enrichment analysis, and protein‒protein interaction indicated significant associations of altered GGH expression with cell proliferation, immune response, and the occurrence and development of UCEC tumors. Finally, GGH expression level was associated with high Th2 cell and low natural killer CD56bright cell infiltration. Collectively, these findings indicate that GGH drives UCEC progression and could be a useful biomarker for survival prediction as well as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Haining Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoying Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
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García-Gaytán AC, Hernández-Abrego A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Méndez I. Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1029210. [PMID: 36457557 PMCID: PMC9705578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the blood. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it is a key substrate in several metabolic pathways and a primary messenger that acts through its receptors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The two main types of glutamate receptors, ionotropic and metabotropic, are well characterized in CNS and have been recently analyzed for their roles in non-neural organs. Glutamate receptor expression may be particularly important for tumor growth in organs with high concentrations of glutamate and might also influence the propensity of such tumors to set metastases in glutamate-rich organs, such as the liver. The study of glutamate transporters has also acquired relevance in the physiology and pathologies outside the CNS, especially in the field of cancer research. In this review, we address the recent findings about the expression of glutamatergic system components, such as receptors and transporters, their role in the physiology and pathology of cancer in non-neural organs, and their possible use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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29
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Umans RA, Martin J, Harrigan ME, Patel DC, Chaunsali L, Roshandel A, Iyer K, Powell MD, Oestreich K, Sontheimer H. Transcriptional Regulation of Amino Acid Transport in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246169. [PMID: 34944790 PMCID: PMC8699180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumor that typically has poor patient outcomes. This is due in part to aggressive tumor expansion within the brain parenchyma. This process is aided by assiduous glutamate release via the System xc- (SXC) cystine–glutamate antiporter. SXC is over-expressed in roughly half of GBM tumors where it is responsible for glutamate-mediated neuronal cell death and provides excess glutamate to fuel tumor-associated epilepsy. Available pharmacological inhibitors have some promise, although they lack specificity and have poor bioavailability. Therefore, identifying regulators of SXC may provide a superior avenue to target GBM. In this study, we identify tumor protein 53 (TP53) as a molecular regulator of SXC in GBM. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly brain tumor with a large unmet therapeutic need. Here, we tested the hypothesis that wild-type p53 is a negative transcriptional regulator of SLC7A11, the gene encoding the System xc- (SXC) catalytic subunit, xCT, in GBM. We demonstrate that xCT expression is inversely correlated with p53 expression in patient tissue. Using representative patient derived (PDX) tumor xenolines with wild-type, null, and mutant p53 we show that p53 expression negatively correlates with xCT expression. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation studies, we present a molecular interaction whereby p53 binds to the SLC7A11 promoter, suppressing gene expression in PDX GBM cells. Accordingly, genetic knockdown of p53 increases SLC7A11 transcript levels; conversely, over-expressing p53 in p53-null GBM cells downregulates xCT expression and glutamate release. Proof of principal studies in mice with flank gliomas demonstrate that daily treatment with the mutant p53 reactivator, PRIMA-1Met, results in reduced tumor growth associated with reduced xCT expression. These findings suggest that p53 is a molecular switch for GBM glutamate biology, with potential therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn A. Umans
- Center for Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer, The Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (R.A.U.); (J.M.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Joelle Martin
- Center for Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer, The Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (R.A.U.); (J.M.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Megan E. Harrigan
- Center for Glial Biology in Health, Disease and Cancer, The Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA; (R.A.U.); (J.M.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Dipan C. Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (D.C.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Lata Chaunsali
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (D.C.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Aarash Roshandel
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | | | - Michael D. Powell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunity, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Ken Oestreich
- Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (D.C.P.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence:
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pH modulated luminescent switching and discriminative detection of amino acid based on metal-organic framework. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1187:339157. [PMID: 34753585 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The detection of glutamic (Glu) or aspartic (Asp) acids is vital for human nutrition and diagnosis of disease. Herein, the dht ligand containing hydroxy group (-OH) is used to design and synthesize a 2D luminescent [Cd2(idc)(dht)(H2O)4] (1); H2idc = 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid and H2dht = 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid for sensing amino acids. The compound 1 can discriminatively detect Asp and Glu among other amino acids through blue-shifted emission (yellow → green). The dual sensing mechanism may be attributed to the intermolecular excited-state proton transfer between MOF and water to produce keto form along with the subsequent switching of keto form to enol form by protonation causing the increased band gap energy. This material can serve several benefits in terms of high selectivity, fast response (30s), good reproducibility and low LOD value of 11.34 μM which is less than the harmful concentration of Glu for human health (>400 μM). In addition, 1 shows the broad range detection of Glu covering in safe and unsafe levels. For on-site detection of Glu, MOF-based paper is devised and can be applied through color-scanning application in smartphone. Besides, this sensor can serve to detect Glu in real samples with good recovery.
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Parmigiani E, Scalera M, Mori E, Tantillo E, Vannini E. Old Stars and New Players in the Brain Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:709917. [PMID: 34690699 PMCID: PMC8527006 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.709917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the direct interaction between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a crucial regulator of tumor growth and a promising therapeutic target. The TME, including the surrounding peritumoral regions, is dynamically modified during tumor progression and in response to therapies. However, the mechanisms regulating the crosstalk between malignant and non-malignant cells are still poorly understood, especially in the case of glioma, an aggressive form of brain tumor. The presence of unique brain-resident cell types, namely neurons and glial cells, and an exceptionally immunosuppressive microenvironment pose additional important challenges to the development of effective treatments targeting the TME. In this review, we provide an overview on the direct and indirect interplay between glioma and neuronal and glial cells, introducing new players and mechanisms that still deserve further investigation. We will focus on the effects of neural activity and glial response in controlling glioma cell behavior and discuss the potential of exploiting these cellular interactions to develop new therapeutic approaches with the aim to preserve proper brain functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Parmigiani
- Embryology and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marta Scalera
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Elena Tantillo
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vannini
- Neuroscience Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy
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32
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Chen R, Brown HM, Cooks RG. Metabolic profiles of human brain parenchyma and glioma for rapid tissue diagnosis by targeted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6213-6224. [PMID: 34373931 PMCID: PMC8522078 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is well suited for intraoperative tissue analysis since it requires little sample preparation and offers rapid and sensitive molecular diagnostics. Currently, intraoperative assessment of the tumor cell percentage of glioma biopsies can be made by measuring a single metabolite, N-acetylaspartate (NAA). The inclusion of additional biomarkers will likely improve the accuracy when distinguishing brain parenchyma from glioma by DESI-MS. To explore this possibility, mass spectra were recorded for extracts from 32 unmodified human brain samples with known pathology. Statistical analysis of data obtained from full-scan and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) profiles identified discriminatory metabolites, namely gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), creatine, glutamic acid, carnitine, and hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol (abbreviated as hexol), as well as the established biomarker NAA. Brain parenchyma was readily differentiated from glioma based on these metabolites as measured both in full-scan mass spectra and by the intensities of their characteristic MRM transitions. New DESI-MS methods (5 min acquisition using full scans and MS/MS), developed to measure ion abundance ratios among these metabolites, were tested using smears of 29 brain samples. Ion abundance ratios based on signals for GABA, creatine, carnitine, and hexol all had sensitivities > 90%, specificities > 80%, and accuracies > 85%. Prospectively, the implementation of diagnostic ion abundance ratios should strengthen the discriminatory power of individual biomarkers and enhance method robustness against signal fluctuations, resulting in an improved DESI-MS method of glioma diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - Hannah Marie Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - R Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA.
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33
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Tribe AK, McConnell MJ, Teesdale-Spittle PH. The Big Picture of Glioblastoma Malignancy: A Meta-Analysis of Glioblastoma Proteomics to Identify Altered Biological Pathways. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:24535-24544. [PMID: 34604635 PMCID: PMC8482494 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly malignant cancer with no effective treatment. It is vital to elucidate the mechanisms which drive glioblastoma in order to identify therapeutic targets. The differences in protein expression between glioblastoma, grade I-III glioma, and normal brain tissue reflect the functional alterations driving malignancy. However, proteomic analysis of glioblastoma has been hampered by the heterogeneity of glioblastoma and the variety of methodology used in its study. To reduce these inconsistencies, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature published since 2015, including 14 datasets from eight papers comparing the whole proteome of glioblastoma to normal brain or grade I-III glioma. We found that 154 proteins were commonly upregulated and 116 proteins were commonly downregulated in glioblastoma compared to normal brain. Meanwhile, 240 proteins were commonly upregulated and 125 proteins were commonly downregulated in glioblastoma compared to grade I-III glioma. Functional enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of proteins involved in mRNA splicing and the immune system and downregulation of proteins involved in synaptic signaling and glucose and glutamine metabolism. The identification of these altered biological pathways provides a basis for deeper investigation in the pursuit of an effective treatment for glioblastoma.
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Xiong Y, Xiao C, Li Z, Yang X. Engineering nanomedicine for glutathione depletion-augmented cancer therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6013-6041. [PMID: 34027953 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00718h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), the main redox buffer, has long been recognized as a pivotal modulator of tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. It is also implicated in the resistance of platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Therefore, depleting intracellular GSH was considered a potent solution to combating cancer. However, reducing GSH within cancer cells alone always failed to yield desirable therapeutic effects. In this regard, the convergence of GSH-scavenging agents with therapeutic drugs has thus been pursued in clinical practice. Unfortunately, the therapeutic outcomes are still unsatisfactory due to untargeted drug delivery. Advanced nanomedicine of synergistic GSH depletion and cancer treatment has attracted tremendous interest because they promise to deliver superior therapeutic benefits while alleviating life-threatening side effects. In the past five years, the authors and others have demonstrated that numerous nanomedicines, by simultaneously delivering GSH-depleting agents and therapeutic components, boost not only traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy but also multifarious emerging treatment modalities, including photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, ferroptosis, and immunotherapy, to name a few, and achieved decent treatment outcomes in a large number of rodent tumor models. In this review, we summarize the most recent progress in engineering nanomedicine for GSH depletion-enhanced cancer therapies. Biosynthesis of GSH and various types of GSH-consuming strategies will be briefly introduced. The challenges and perspectives of leveraging nanomedicine for GSH consumption-augmented cancer therapies will be discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Chen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, High Tech Road 666, East Lake high tech Zone, Wuhan, 430040, P. R. China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China and GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510530, P. R. China
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Firdous S, Abid R, Nawaz Z, Bukhari F, Anwer A, Cheng LL, Sadaf S. Dysregulated Alanine as a Potential Predictive Marker of Glioma-An Insight from Untargeted HRMAS-NMR and Machine Learning Data. Metabolites 2021; 11:507. [PMID: 34436448 PMCID: PMC8402070 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations play a crucial role in glioma development and progression and can be detected even before the appearance of the fatal phenotype. We have compared the circulating metabolic fingerprints of glioma patients versus healthy controls, for the first time, in a quest to identify a panel of small, dysregulated metabolites with potential to serve as a predictive and/or diagnostic marker in the clinical settings. High-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HRMAS-NMR) was used for untargeted metabolomics and data acquisition followed by a machine learning (ML) approach for the analyses of large metabolic datasets. Cross-validation of ML predicted NMR spectral features was done by statistical methods (Wilcoxon-test) using JMP-pro16 software. Alanine was identified as the most critical metabolite with potential to detect glioma with precision of 1.0, recall of 0.96, and F1 measure of 0.98. The top 10 metabolites identified for glioma detection included alanine, glutamine, valine, methionine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serine, α-glucose, lactate, and arginine. We achieved 100% accuracy for the detection of glioma using ML algorithms, extra tree classifier, and random forest, and 98% accuracy with logistic regression. Classification of glioma in low and high grades was done with 86% accuracy using logistic regression model, and with 83% and 79% accuracy using extra tree classifier and random forest, respectively. The predictive accuracy of our ML model is superior to any of the previously reported algorithms, used in tissue- or liquid biopsy-based metabolic studies. The identified top metabolites can be targeted to develop early diagnostic methods as well as to plan personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Firdous
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (S.F.); (R.A.)
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Abid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (S.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Zubair Nawaz
- Department of Data Science, Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (Z.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Faisal Bukhari
- Department of Data Science, Punjab University College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (Z.N.); (F.B.)
| | - Ammar Anwer
- Punjab Institute of Neurosciences (PINS), Lahore General Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Leo L. Cheng
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA;
| | - Saima Sadaf
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (S.F.); (R.A.)
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Goldshmit Y, Perelroizen R, Yakovchuk A, Banyas E, Mayo L, David S, Benbenishty A, Blinder P, Shalom M, Ruban A. Blood glutamate scavengers increase pro-apoptotic signaling and reduce metastatic melanoma growth in-vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14644. [PMID: 34282238 PMCID: PMC8290021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of extracellular glutamate (Glu) release decreases proliferation and invasion, induces apoptosis, and inhibits melanoma metastatic abilities. Previous studies have shown that Blood-glutamate scavenging (BGS), a novel treatment approach, has been found to be beneficial in attenuating glioblastoma progression by reducing brain Glu levels. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the ability of BGS treatment to inhibit brain metastatic melanoma progression in-vivo. RET melanoma cells were implanted in C56BL/6J mice to induce brain melanoma tumors followed by treatment with BGS or vehicle administered for fourteen days. Bioluminescent imaging was conducted to evaluate tumor growth, and plasma/CSF Glu levels were monitored throughout. Immunofluorescence staining of Ki67 and 53BP1 was used to analyze tumor cell proliferation and DNA double-strand breaks. In addition, we analyzed CD8, CD68, CD206, p-STAT1 and iNOS expression to evaluate alterations in tumor micro-environment and anti-tumor immune response due to treatment. Our results show that BGS treatment reduces CSF Glu concentration and consequently melanoma growth in-vivo by decreasing tumor cell proliferation and increasing pro-apoptotic signaling in C56BL/6J mice. Furthermore, BGS treatment supported CD8+ cell recruitment and CD68+ macrophage invasion. These findings suggest that BGS can be of potential therapeutic relevance in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yona Goldshmit
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash Biotechnology, 15 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rita Perelroizen
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alex Yakovchuk
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Evgeni Banyas
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Mayo
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sari David
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amit Benbenishty
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pablo Blinder
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Neurobiology Department, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Shalom
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Angela Ruban
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Synergistic Effect of Perampanel and Temozolomide in Human Glioma Cell Lines. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050390. [PMID: 34068749 PMCID: PMC8150827 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is characterized by a high proliferative rate and drug resistance. The standard of care includes maximal safe surgery, followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. The expression of glutamate receptors has been previously reported in human glioma cell lines. The aim of this study was to examine the cellular effects of perampanel, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug acting as an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA) glutamate receptor antagonist, alone or in combination with temozolomide. Four human glioma cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of perampanel and temozolomide, alone or in combination. The type of drug interaction was assessed using the Chou-Talalay method. Apoptosis, cell cycle perturbation, and glutamate receptors (GluRs) subunit expression were assessed by flow cytometry. Perampanel significantly inhibited the growth, inducing high levels of apoptosis. A strong synergistic effect of the combination of perampanel with temozolomide was detected in U87 and A172, but not in U138. Treatment with perampanel resulted in an increased GluR2/3 subunit expression in U87 and U138. Perampanel displays a pro-apoptotic effect on human glioblastoma cell lines when used alone, possibly due to increased GluR2/3 expression. The observed synergistic effect of the combination of temozolomide with perampanel suggests further investigation on the impact of this combination on oncologic outcomes in glioblastoma.
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Quantification and Metabolite Identification of Sulfasalazine in Mouse Brain and Plasma Using Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041179. [PMID: 33671835 PMCID: PMC7926890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfasalazine (SAS), an anti-inflammatory drug with potent cysteine/glutamate antiporter system xc-(SXC) inhibition has recently shown beneficial effects in brain-related diseases. Despite many reports related to central nervous system (CNS) effect of SAS, pharmacokinetics (PK) and metabolite identification studies in the brain for SAS were quite limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and metabolite identification of SAS and their distributions in mouse brain. Using in vivo brain exposure studies (neuro PK), the PK parameters of SAS was calculated for plasma as well as brain following intravenous and oral administration at 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg in mouse, respectively. In addition, in vivo metabolite identification (MetID) studies of SAS in plasma and brain were also conducted. The concentration of SAS in brain was much lower than that in plasma and only 1.26% of SAS was detected in mouse brain when compared to the SAS concentration in plasma (brain to plasma ratio (%): 1.26). In the MetID study, sulfapyridine (SP), hydroxy-sulfapyridine (SP-OH), and N-acetyl sulfapyridine (Ac-SP) were identified in plasma, whereas only SP and Ac-SP were identified as significant metabolites in brain. As a conclusion, our results suggest that the metabolites of SAS such as SP and Ac-SP might be responsible for the pharmacological effect in brain, not the SAS itself.
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Angiocentric glioma-associated seizures: The possible role of EATT2, pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase. Seizure 2021; 86:152-154. [PMID: 33621827 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our purpose was to better understand the pathogenesis of seizures associated with angiocentric glioma. Angiocentric glioma is an indolent and rare low-grade glioma. Its typical clinical presentation is with epileptic seizures. The pathogenesis of tumor-associated seizures is poorly understood. Among the possible pathomechanisms, the increased neurotoxic concentrations of the glutamate has been proposed. Glutamate transporters, pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase are involved in maintaining the physiological concentration of glutamate in the inter synaptic spaces. METHODS We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of EAAT2 (the most important glutamate transporter), pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase in 17 angiocentric gliomas. RESULTS EAAT2 was never expressed (0%) in the neoplastic cells in none of the cases studied. Pyruvate carboxylase was expressed in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells in 16/17 cases (94 %). Glutamine synthetase was expressed in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells in 15/17 cases (88 %). CONCLUSION The net result of this enzymatic expression, in particular considering the loss of EAAT2, could be an increased glutamate concentration in the synaptic clef, which might increase local network excitability initially involving intratumoral neurons. The observation that the angiocentric glioma-associated epilepsy might be at least in part related to EAAT2 deficiency opens up interesting therapeutic perspectives.
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Bridging the Metabolic Parallels Between Neurological Diseases and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1311:229-248. [PMID: 34014547 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many recent breakthroughs in cancer research, oncology has traditionally been seen as a distinct field from other diseases. Recently, more attention has been paid to repurposing established therapeutic strategies and targets of other diseases towards cancer treatment, with some of these attempts generating promising outcomes [1, 2]. Recent studies using advanced metabolomics technologies [3] have shown evidence of close metabolic similarities between cancer and neurological diseases. These studies have unveiled several metabolic characteristics shared by these two categories of diseases, including metabolism of glutamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) [4-6]. The striking metabolic overlap between cancer and neurological diseases sheds light on novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. For example, 2-(phosphonomethyl) pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA), one of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II) inhibitors that prevent the conversion of NAAG to glutamate, has been shown to suppress cancer growth [6, 7]. These promising results have led to an increased interest in integrating this metabolic overlap between cancer and neurological diseases into the study of cancer metabolism. The advantages of studying this metabolic overlap include not only drug repurposing but also translating existing knowledge from neurological diseases to the field of cancer research. This chapter discusses the specific overlapping metabolic features between cancer and neurological diseases, focusing on glutamine, GABA, and NAAG metabolisms. Understanding the interconnections between cancer and neurological diseases will guide researchers and clinicians to find more effective cancer treatments.
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Mollazadeh H, Mohtashami E, Mousavi SH, Soukhtanloo M, Vahedi MM, Hosseini A, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Deciphering the Role of Glutamate Signaling in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Current Therapeutic Modalities and Future Directions. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4777-4788. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200603132456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the most popular intrinsic neoplasm throughout the brain, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is resistant
to existing therapies. Due to its invasive nature, GBM shows a poor prognosis despite aggressive surgery
and chemoradiation. Therefore, identifying and understanding the critical molecules of GBM can help develop
new therapeutic strategies. Glutamatergic signaling dysfunction has been well documented in neurodegenerative
diseases as well as in GBM. Inhibition of glutamate receptor activation or extracellular glutamate release by specific
antagonists inhibits cell development, invasion, and migration and contributes to apoptosis and autophagy in
GBM cells. This review outlines the current knowledge of glutamate signaling involvement and current therapeutic
modalities for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohtashami
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed H. Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R. Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Communication of Glioma cells with neuronal plasticity: What is the underlying mechanism? Neurochem Int 2020; 141:104879. [PMID: 33068685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There has been a significantly rising discussion on how neuronal plasticity communicates with the glioma growth and invasion. This literature review aims to determine which neurotransmitters, ion channels and signaling pathways are involved in this context, how information is transferred from synaptic sites to the glioma cells and how glioma cells apply established mechanics of synaptic plasticity for their own increment. This work is a compilation of some outstanding findings related to the influence of the glutamate, calcium, potassium, chloride and sodium channels and other important brain plasticity molecules over the glioma progression. These topics also include the relevant molecular signaling data which could prove to be helpful for an effective clinical management of brain tumors in the future.
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Evaluation of Altered Glutamatergic Activity in a Piglet Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage Using 1H-MRS. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8850816. [PMID: 33029259 PMCID: PMC7532412 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8850816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methods Twenty-five newborn piglets were selected and then randomly assigned to the control group (n = 5) and the model group (n = 20) subjected to HI. HI was induced by blocking bilateral carotid blood flow under simultaneous inhalation of a 6% oxygen mixture. 1H-MRS data were acquired from the basal ganglia at the following time points after HI: 6, 12, 24, and 72 h. Changes in protein levels of EAAT2 and GluR2 were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. Correlations among metabolite concentrations, metabolite ratios, and the protein levels of EAAT2 and GluR2 were investigated. Results The Glu level sharply increased after HI, reached a transient low level of depletion that approached the normal level in the control group, and subsequently increased again. Negative correlations were found between concentrations of Glu and EAAT2 protein levels (R s = -0.662, P < 0.001) and between the Glu/creatine (Cr) ratio and EAAT2 protein level (R s = -0.664, P < 0.001). Moreover, changes in GluR2 protein level were significantly and negatively correlated with those in Glu level (the absolute Glu concentration, R s = -0.797, P < 0.001; Glu/Cr, R s = -0.567, P = 0.003). Conclusions Changes in Glu level measured by 1H-MRS were inversely correlated with those in EAAT2 and GluR2 protein levels following HI, and the results demonstrated that 1H-MRS can reflect the early changes of glutamatergic activity in vivo.
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44
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Catacuzzeno L, Sforna L, Esposito V, Limatola C, Franciolini F. Ion Channels in Glioma Malignancy. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:223-267. [DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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45
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Bao Z, Zhou S, Zhou H. Sorting Nexin 27 as a potential target in G protein‑coupled receptor recycling for cancer therapy (Review). Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1779-1786. [PMID: 33000258 PMCID: PMC7551096 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors and activate several downstream signaling pathways involved in numerous physiological cellular processes. GPCRs are usually internalized and desensitized by intracellular signals. Numerous studies have shown that several GPCRs interact with sorting nexin 27 (SNX27), a cargo selector of the retromer complex, and are recycled from endosomes to the plasma membrane. Recycled GPCRs usually contain specific C-terminal postsynaptic density protein 95/Discs large protein/Zonula occludens 1 (PDZ) binding motifs, which are specifically recognized by SNX27, and return to the cell surface as functionally naïve receptors. Aberrant endosome-to-membrane recycling of GPCRs mediated by SNX27 may serve a critical role in cancer growth and development. Therefore, SNX27 may be a novel target for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Haisheng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Mi Y, Guo N, Luan J, Cheng J, Hu Z, Jiang P, Jin W, Gao X. The Emerging Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Glioma Immune Suppressive Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:737. [PMID: 32391020 PMCID: PMC7193311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid progenitor and precursor cells at different stages of differentiation, which play an important role in tumor immunosuppression. Glioma is the most common and deadliest primary malignant tumor of the brain, and ample evidence supports key contributions of MDSCs to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is a key factor stimulating glioma progression. In this review, we summarize the source and characterization of MDSCs, discuss their immunosuppressive functions, and current approaches that target MDSCs for tumor control. Overall, the review provides insights into the roles of MDSC immunosuppression in the glioma microenvironment and suggests that MDSC control is a powerful cellular therapeutic target for currently incurable glioma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Mi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianghong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengtao Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Key Lab for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchun Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Key Lab for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Yool AJ, Ramesh S. Molecular Targets for Combined Therapeutic Strategies to Limit Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Invasion. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:358. [PMID: 32292341 PMCID: PMC7118801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly invasive nature of glioblastoma imposes poor prospects for patient survival. Molecular evidence indicates glioblastoma cells undergo an intriguing expansion of phenotypic properties to include neuron-like signaling using excitable membrane ion channels and synaptic proteins, augmenting survival and motility. Neurotransmitter receptors, membrane signaling, excitatory receptors, and Ca2+ responses are important candidates for the design of customized treatments for cancers within the heterogeneous central nervous system. Relatively few published studies of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have evaluated pharmacological agents targeted to signaling pathways in limiting cancer cell motility. Transcriptomic analyses here identified classes of ion channels, ionotropic receptors, and synaptic proteins that are enriched in human glioblastoma biopsy samples. The pattern of GBM-enriched gene expression points to a major role for glutamate signaling. However, the predominant role of AMPA receptors in fast excitatory signaling throughout the central nervous system raises a challenge on how to target inhibitors selectively to cancer cells while maintaining tolerability. This review critically evaluates a panel of ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels and synaptic proteins upregulated in GBM, and the evidence for their potential roles in the pathological disease progress. Evidence suggests combinations of therapies could be more effective than single agents alone. Natural plant products used in traditional medicines for the treatment of glioblastoma contain flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate, quinones, and saponins, which might serendipitously include agents that modulate some classes of signaling compounds highlighted in this review. New therapeutic strategies are likely to exploit evidence-based combinations of selected agents, each at a low dose, to create new cancer cell-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sunita Ramesh
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Zhang L, Sui C, Yang W, Luo Q. Amino acid transporters: Emerging roles in drug delivery for tumor-targeting therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:192-206. [PMID: 32373199 PMCID: PMC7193455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid transporters, which play a vital role in transporting amino acids for the biosynthesis of mammalian cells, are highly expressed in types of tumors. Increasing studies have shown the feasibility of amino acid transporters as a component of tumor-targeting therapy. In this review, we focus on tumor-related amino acid transporters and their potential use in tumor-targeting therapy. Firstly, the expression characteristics of amino acid transporters in cancer and their relationship with tumor growth are reviewed. Secondly, the recognition requirements are discussed, focusing on the "acid-base" properties, conformational isomerism and structural analogues. Finally, recent developments in amino acid transporter-targeting drug delivery strategies are highlighted, including prodrugs and nanocarriers, with special attention to the latest findings of molecular mechanisms and targeting efficiency of transporter-mediated endocytosis. We aim to offer related clues that might lead to valuable tumor-targeting strategies by the utilization of amino acid transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Chengguang Sui
- Department of Biotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qiuhua Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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49
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Jiao ZH, Jiang XL, Hou SL, Tang MH, Zhao B. Highly Sensitive and Selective Luminescence Sensor Based on Two-Fold Interpenetrated MOFs for Detecting Glutamate in Serum. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2171-2177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Hao Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, MOE, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, MOE, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sheng-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, MOE, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meng-Hua Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, MOE, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, MOE, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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50
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Amino Acid Transporters and Exchangers from the SLC1A Family: Structure, Mechanism and Roles in Physiology and Cancer. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1268-1286. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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