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Manora L, Borlongan CV, Garbuzova-Davis S. Cellular and Noncellular Approaches for Repairing the Damaged Blood-CNS-Barrier in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:435. [PMID: 38474399 PMCID: PMC10931261 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports have demonstrated the breakdown of the blood-CNS barrier (B-CNS-B) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Re-establishing barrier integrity in the CNS is critical to prevent further motor neuron degeneration from harmful components in systemic circulation. Potential therapeutic strategies for repairing the B-CNS-B may be achieved by the replacement of damaged endothelial cells (ECs) via stem cell administration or enhancement of endogenous EC survival through the delivery of bioactive particles secreted by stem cells. These cellular and noncellular approaches are thoroughly discussed in the present review. Specific attention is given to certain stem cell types for EC replacement. Also, various nanoparticles secreted by stem cells as well as other biomolecules are elucidated as promising agents for endogenous EC repair. Although the noted in vitro and in vivo studies show the feasibility of the proposed therapeutic approaches to the repair of the B-CNS-B in ALS, further investigation is needed prior to clinical transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larai Manora
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Cesario V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Shariatzadeh M, Binda TR, van Holten-Neelen C, ten Berge JC, Martinez Ciriano JP, Wong KT, Dik WA, Leenen PJ. Aberration in myeloid-derived pro-angiogenic cells in type-2 diabetes mellitus; implication for diabetic retinopathy? FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 3:1119050. [PMID: 38983045 PMCID: PMC11182312 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2023.1119050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Myelomonocytic proangiogenic cells (PAC) have been implicated in DR pathogenesis, but their functional and developmental abnormalities are unclear. In this study we assessed PAC characteristics from healthy controls, T2DM patients with DR (DR) and without (NoDR) in order to determine the consequence of the diabetic condition on PAC phenotype and function, and whether these differ between DR and NoDR patients. Methods PAC were generated by culturing PBMC on fibronectin coating and then immunophenotyped using flow cytometry. Furthermore, cells were sorted based on CD14, CD105, and CD133 expression and added to an in vitro 3-D endothelial tubule formation assay, containing GFP-expressing human retinal endothelial cells (REC), pericytes, and pro-angiogenic growth factors. Tubule formation was quantified by fluorescence microscopy and image analysis. Moreover, sorted populations were analyzed for angiogenic mediator production using a multiplex assay. Results The expression of CD16, CD105 and CD31, but not CD133, was lower in PAC from T2DM patients with or without DR. Myeloid and non-myeloid T2DM-derived sorted populations increased REC angiogenesis in vitro as compared to control cultures. They also showed increased S100A8 secretion, decreased VEGF-A secretion, and similar levels of IL-8, HGF, and IL-3 as compared to healthy control (HC)-derived cell populations. Conclusion T2DM PAC are phenotypically and functionally altered compared to PAC from HC. Differences between DR and NoDR PAC are limited. We propose that impaired T2DM PAC provide inadequate vascular support and promote compensatory, albeit pathological, retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Shariatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Trishika R.R. Binda
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Conny van Holten-Neelen
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Josianne C. ten Berge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Willem A. Dik
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J.M. Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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The Long Telling Story of "Endothelial Progenitor Cells": Where Are We at Now? Cells 2022; 12:cells12010112. [PMID: 36611906 PMCID: PMC9819021 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs): The name embodies years of research and clinical expectations, but where are we now? Do these cells really represent the El Dorado of regenerative medicine? Here, past and recent literature about this eclectic, still unknown and therefore fascinating cell population will be discussed. This review will take the reader through a temporal journey that, from the first discovery, will pass through years of research devoted to attempts at their definition and understanding their biology in health and disease, ending with the most recent evidence about their pathobiological role in cardiovascular disease and their recent applications in regenerative medicine.
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Yeh KC, Lee CJ, Song JS, Wu CH, Yeh TK, Wu SH, Hsieh TC, Chen YT, Tseng HY, Huang CL, Chen CT, Jan JJ, Chou MC, Shia KS, Chiang KH. Protective Effect of CXCR4 Antagonist DBPR807 against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat and Porcine Model of Myocardial Infarction: Potential Adjunctive Therapy for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911730. [PMID: 36233031 PMCID: PMC9570210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 antagonists have been claimed to reduce mortality after myocardial infarction in myocardial infarction (MI) animals, presumably due to suppressing inflammatory responses caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, thus, subsequently facilitating tissue repair and cardiac function recovery. This study aims to determine whether a newly designed CXCR4 antagonist DBPR807 could exert better vascular-protective effects than other clinical counterparts (e.g., AMD3100) to alleviate cardiac damage further exacerbated by reperfusion. Consequently, we find that instead of traditional continuous treatment or multiple-dose treatment at different intervals of time, a single-dose treatment of DBPR807 before reperfusion in MI animals could attenuate inflammation via protecting oxidative stress damage and preserve vascular/capillary density and integrity via mobilizing endothelial progenitor cells, leading to a desirable fibrosis reduction and recovery of cardiac function, as evaluated with the LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction) in infarcted hearts in rats and mini-pigs, respectively. Thus, it is highly suggested that CXCR4 antagonists should be given at a single high dose prior to reperfusion to provide the maximal cardiac functional improvement. Based on its favorable efficacy and safety profiles indicated in tested animals, DBPR807 has a great potential to serve as an adjunctive medicine for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapies in acute MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chia Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Shin Song
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Huang Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Kuang Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Huei Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chin Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Yi Tseng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lung Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jiing-Jyh Jan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chen Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Kak-Shan Shia
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-S.S.); (K.-H.C.)
| | - Kuang-Hsing Chiang
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-S.S.); (K.-H.C.)
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Regulation of endothelial progenitor cell functions during hyperglycemia: new therapeutic targets in diabetic wound healing. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:485-498. [PMID: 34997250 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is primarily characterized by hyperglycemia, and its high incidence is often very costly to patients, their families, and national economies. Unsurprisingly, the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) decrease in patients resulting in diabetic wound non-healing. As precursors of endothelial cells (ECs), these cells were discovered in 1997 and found to play an essential role in wound healing. Their function, number, and role in wound healing has been widely investigated. Hitherto, a lot of complex molecular mechanisms have been discovered. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of how hyperglycemia affects the function and number of EPCs and how the affected cells impact wound healing. We aim to provide a complete summary of the relationship between diabetic hyperglycosemia, EPCs, and wound healing, as well as a better comprehensive platform for subsequent related research.
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Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Simoncini S, Coppola H, Rocca A, Bachmann I, Guillot E, Zippo L, Dignat-George F, Sabatier F, Bedel R, Wilson A, Rosenblatt-Velin N, Armengaud JB, Menétrey S, Peyter AC, Simeoni U, Yzydorczyk C. Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Dysfunctions Are Associated with Arterial Hypertension in a Rat Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10159. [PMID: 34576323 PMCID: PMC8465555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at risk of developing arterial hypertension at adulthood. The endothelium plays a major role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), critical circulating components of the endothelium, are involved in vasculo-and angiogenesis and in endothelium repair. We previously described impaired functionality of ECFCs in cord blood of low-birth-weight newborns. However, whether early ECFC alterations persist thereafter and could be associated with hypertension in individuals born after IUGR remains unknown. A rat model of IUGR was induced by a maternal low-protein diet during gestation versus a control (CTRL) diet. In six-month-old offspring, only IUGR males have increased systolic blood pressure (tail-cuff plethysmography) and microvascular rarefaction (immunofluorescence). ECFCs isolated from bone marrow of IUGR versus CTRL males displayed a decreased proportion of CD31+ versus CD146+ staining on CD45- cells, CD34 expression (flow cytometry, immunofluorescence), reduced proliferation (BrdU incorporation), and an impaired capacity to form capillary-like structures (Matrigel test), associated with an impaired angiogenic profile (immunofluorescence). These dysfunctions were associated with oxidative stress (increased superoxide anion levels (fluorescent dye), decreased superoxide dismutase protein expression, increased DNA damage (immunofluorescence), and stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS; increased beta-galactosidase activity, increased p16INK4a, and decreased sirtuin-1 protein expression). This study demonstrated an impaired functionality of ECFCs at adulthood associated with arterial hypertension in individuals born after IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Simoncini
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Hanna Coppola
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Angela Rocca
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Isaline Bachmann
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Estelle Guillot
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Leila Zippo
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAe), Center from Cardiovascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), UMR-S 1263, UFR de Pharmacie, Campus Santé, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.S.); (F.D.-G.); (F.S.)
| | - Romain Bedel
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.); (A.W.)
| | - Anne Wilson
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.B.); (A.W.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Rosenblatt-Velin
- Department Heart-Vessels, Division of Angiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jean-Baptiste Armengaud
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Steeve Menétrey
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Neonatal Research Laboratory, Clinic of Neonatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.M.); (A.-C.P.)
| | - Anne-Christine Peyter
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Neonatal Research Laboratory, Clinic of Neonatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.M.); (A.-C.P.)
| | - Umberto Simeoni
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
| | - Catherine Yzydorczyk
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Division of pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.C.); (A.R.); (I.B.); (E.G.); (L.Z.); (J.-B.A.); (U.S.)
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Long Term Response to Circulating Angiogenic Cells, Unstimulated or Atherosclerotic Pre-Conditioned, in Critical Limb Ischemic Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091147. [PMID: 34572333 PMCID: PMC8469527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI), the most severe form of peripheral artery disease, results from the blockade of peripheral vessels, usually correlated to atherosclerosis. Currently, endovascular and surgical revascularization strategies cannot be applied to all patients due to related comorbidities, and even so, most patients require re-intervention or amputation within a year. Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) constitute a good alternative as CLI cell therapy due to their vascular regenerative potential, although the mechanisms of action of these cells, as well as their response to pathological conditions, remain unclear. Previously, we have shown that CACs enhance angiogenesis/arteriogenesis from the first days of administration in CLI mice. Also, the incubation ex vivo of these cells with factors secreted by atherosclerotic plaques promotes their activation and mobilization. Herein, we have evaluated the long-term effect of CACs administration in CLI mice, whether pre-stimulated or not with atherosclerotic factors. Remarkably, mice receiving CACs and moreover, pre-stimulated CACs, presented the highest blood flow recovery, lower progression of ischemic symptoms, and decrease of immune cells recruitment. In addition, many proteins potentially involved, like CD44 or matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), up-regulated in response to ischemia and decreased after CACs administration, were identified by a quantitative proteomics approach. Overall, our data suggest that pre-stimulation of CACs with atherosclerotic factors might potentiate the regenerative properties of these cells in vivo.
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Razazian M, Khosravi M, Bahiraii S, Uzan G, Shamdani S, Naserian S. Differences and similarities between mesenchymal stem cell and endothelial progenitor cell immunoregulatory properties against T cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:971-984. [PMID: 34567420 PMCID: PMC8422932 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells have some interesting biological properties that make them unique for cell therapy of degenerative and cardiovascular disorders. Although both cell populations have been already studied and used for their regenerative potentials, recently their special immunoregulatory features have brought much more attention. Mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells have both proangiogenic functions and have been shown to suppress the immune response, particularly T cell proliferation, activation, and cytokine production. This makes them suitable choices for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Nevertheless, these two cells do not have equal immunoregulatory activities. Many elements including their extraction sources, age/passage, expression of different markers, secretion of bioactive mediators, and some others could change the efficiency of their immunosuppressive function. However, to our knowledge, no publication has yet compared mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells for their immunological interaction with T cells. This review aims to specifically compare the immunoregulatory effect of these two populations including their T cell suppression, deactivation, cytokine production, and regulatory T cells induction capacities. Moreover, it evaluates the implications of the tumor necrosis factor alpha-tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 axis as an emerging immune checkpoint signaling pathway controlling most of their immunological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Razazian
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) Unité Mixte de Recherche-Inserm-Ministère de la Défense 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Maryam Khosravi
- Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75724, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) Unit 1224, Paris 75724, France
| | - Sheyda Bahiraii
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Georges Uzan
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) Unité Mixte de Recherche-Inserm-Ministère de la Défense 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif 94800, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Sara Shamdani
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) Unité Mixte de Recherche-Inserm-Ministère de la Défense 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif 94800, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94800, France
- CellMedEx; Saint Maur Des Fossés 94100, France
| | - Sina Naserian
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) Unité Mixte de Recherche-Inserm-Ministère de la Défense 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif 94800, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94800, France
- CellMedEx; Saint Maur Des Fossés 94100, France.
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells Dysfunctions and Cardiometabolic Disorders: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136667. [PMID: 34206404 PMCID: PMC8267891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several disorders, such as hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Despite health policies based on the promotion of physical exercise, the reduction of calorie intake and the consumption of healthy food, there is still a global rise in the incidence and prevalence of MetS in the world. This phenomenon can partly be explained by the fact that adverse events in the perinatal period can increase the susceptibility to develop cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. Individuals born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are particularly at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic disorders later in life. It has been shown that alterations in the structural and functional integrity of the endothelium can lead to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are circulating components of the endothelium playing a major role in vascular homeostasis. An association has been found between the maintenance of endothelial structure and function by EPCs and their ability to differentiate and repair damaged endothelial tissue. In this narrative review, we explore the alterations of EPCs observed in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders, describe some mechanisms related to such dysfunction and propose some therapeutical approaches to reverse the EPCs dysfunction.
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Li X, Yu Y, Wei R, Li Y, Lv J, Liu Z, Zhang Y. In vitro and in vivo study on angiogenesis of porcine induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells. Differentiation 2021; 120:10-18. [PMID: 34116291 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising source of endothelial cells (ECs) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Since clinical application of embryo stem cells (ESCs) involves issues of medical ethics and risk of immune rejection, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will facilitate cell transplantation therapy for the cardiovascular diseases. Swine is identified as an ideal large-animal model for human, because of its similar organ size and physiological characteristics. However, there are very few studies on EC differentiation of porcine iPSCs (piPSCs). In recent study, we provided an efficient protocol to differentiate piPSCs into ECs with the purity of 19.76% CD31 positive cells within 16 days. Passaging of these cells yielded a nearly pure population, which also expressed other endothelial markers such as CD144, eNOS and vWF. Besides, these cells exhibited functions of ECs such as uptake of low-density lipoprotein and formation of tubes in vitro or blood vessels in vivo. Our study successfully obtained ECs from piPSCs via a feeder- and serum-free monolayer system and demonstrated their angiogenic function in vivo and in vitro. piPSC-ECs derivation is not only potential for the autologous cell transplantation and cardiovascular drug screening, but also for the mechanistic studies on EC differentiation and endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Renyue Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yimei Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jiawei Lv
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Yunir E, Kurniawan F, Rezaprasga E, Wijaya IP, Suroyo I, Matondang S, Irawan C, Soewondo P. Autologous Bone-Marrow vs. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Therapy for Peripheral Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:21-32. [PMID: 33377454 PMCID: PMC7904521 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains one of the most important risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD), with approximately 20% of DM patients older than 40 years old are affected with PAD. The current standard management for severe PAD is endovascular intervention with or without surgical bypass. Unfortunately, up to 40% of patients are unable to undergo these revascularization therapies due to excessive surgical risk or adverse vascular side effects. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for these ‘no-option’ patients. Several types of stem cells are utilized for PAD therapy, including bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). Many studies have reported the safety of BMMNC and PBMNC, as well as its efficacy in reducing ischemic pain, ulcer size, pain-free walking distance, ankle-brachial index (ABI), and transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2). However, the capacity to establish the efficacy of reducing major amputation rates, amputation free survival, and all-cause mortality is limited, as shown by several randomized placebo-controlled trials. The present literature review will focus on comparing safety and efficacy between BMMNC and PBMNC as cell-based management in diabetic patients with PAD who are not suitable for revascularization therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Yunir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farid Kurniawan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Edo Rezaprasga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ika Prasetya Wijaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indrati Suroyo
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sahat Matondang
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Cosphiadi Irawan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Pradana Soewondo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Metabolic Disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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13
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Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells in Ischemic Disease: Strategies to Improve their Regenerative Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197406. [PMID: 33036489 PMCID: PMC7582994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) comprises a range of major clinical cardiac and circulatory diseases, which produce immense health and economic burdens worldwide. Currently, vascular regenerative surgery represents the most employed therapeutic option to treat ischemic disorders, even though not all the patients are amenable to surgical revascularization. Therefore, more efficient therapeutic approaches are urgently required to promote neovascularization. Therapeutic angiogenesis represents an emerging strategy that aims at reconstructing the damaged vascular network by stimulating local angiogenesis and/or promoting de novo blood vessel formation according to a process known as vasculogenesis. In turn, circulating endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) represent truly endothelial precursors, which display high clonogenic potential and have the documented ability to originate de novo blood vessels in vivo. Therefore, ECFCs are regarded as the most promising cellular candidate to promote therapeutic angiogenesis in patients suffering from CVD. The current briefly summarizes the available information about the origin and characterization of ECFCs and then widely illustrates the preclinical studies that assessed their regenerative efficacy in a variety of ischemic disorders, including acute myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, ischemic brain disease, and retinopathy. Then, we describe the most common pharmacological, genetic, and epigenetic strategies employed to enhance the vasoreparative potential of autologous ECFCs by manipulating crucial pro-angiogenic signaling pathways, e.g., extracellular-signal regulated kinase/Akt, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and Ca2+ signaling. We conclude by discussing the possibility of targeting circulating ECFCs to rescue their dysfunctional phenotype and promote neovascularization in the presence of CVD.
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14
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Atherosclerotic Pre-Conditioning Affects the Paracrine Role of Circulating Angiogenic Cells Ex-Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155256. [PMID: 32722151 PMCID: PMC7432497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In atherosclerosis, circulating angiogenic cells (CAC), also known as early endothelial progenitor cells (eEPC), are thought to participate mainly in a paracrine fashion by promoting the recruitment of other cell populations such as late EPC, or endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC), to the injured areas. There, ECFC replace the damaged endothelium, promoting neovascularization. However, despite their regenerative role, the number and function of EPC are severely affected under pathological conditions, being essential to further understand how these cells react to such environments in order to implement their use in regenerative cell therapies. Herein, we evaluated the effect of direct incubation ex vivo of healthy CAC with the secretome of atherosclerotic arteries. By using a quantitative proteomics approach, 194 altered proteins were identified in the secretome of pre-conditioned CAC, many of them related to inhibition of angiogenesis (e.g., endostatin, thrombospondin-1, fibulins) and cell migration. Functional assays corroborated that healthy CAC released factors enhanced ECFC angiogenesis, but, after atherosclerotic pre-conditioning, the secretome of pre-stimulated CAC negatively affected ECFC migration, as well as their ability to form tubules on a basement membrane matrix assay. Overall, we have shown here, for the first time, the effect of atherosclerotic factors over the paracrine role of CAC ex vivo. The increased release of angiogenic inhibitors by CAC in response to atherosclerotic factors induced an angiogenic switch, by blocking ECFC ability to form tubules in response to pre-conditioned CAC. Thus, we confirmed here that the angiogenic role of CAC is highly affected by the atherosclerotic environment.
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15
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Leal V, Ribeiro CF, Oliveiros B, António N, Silva S. Intrinsic Vascular Repair by Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Acute Coronary Syndromes: an Update Overview. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:35-47. [PMID: 30345477 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in the maintenance of endothelial homeostasis and endothelial repair at areas of vascular damage. The quantification of EPCs in peripheral blood by flow cytometry is a strategy to assess this reparative capacity. The number of circulating EPCs is inversely correlated with the number of cardiovascular risk factors and to the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Therefore, monitoring EPCs levels may provide an accurate assessment of susceptibility to cardiovascular injury, greatly improving risk stratification of patients with high cardiovascular risk, such as those with an acute myocardial infarction. However, there are many issues in the field of EPC identification and quantification that remain unsolved. In fact, there have been conflicting protocols used to the phenotypic identification of EPCs and there is still no consensual immunophenotypical profile that corresponds exactly to EPCs. In this paper we aim to give an overview on EPCs-mediated vascular repair with special focus on acute coronary syndromes and to discuss the different phenotypic profiles that have been used to identify and quantify circulating EPCs in several clinical studies. Finally, we will synthesize evidence on the prognostic role of EPCs in patients with high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Leal
- Group of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Fontes Ribeiro
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveiros
- Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Natália António
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Cardiology Department, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- Group of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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16
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Dong D, Khoong Y, Ko Y, Zhang Y. microRNA-646 inhibits angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells in pre-eclamptic pregnancy by targeting the VEGF-A/HIF-1α axis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1879-1888. [PMID: 32782496 PMCID: PMC7401288 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a complication that occurs during pregnancy, the pathological feature of which is a change in vascular endothelial homeostasis. microRNA (miR)-646 is an anti-angiogenic miRNA that has been indicated to exhibit potential anti-angiogenic effects in endothelial cells cultured in vitro and in ischemia-induced angiogenesis. However, whether miR-646 has therapeutic potential in placental angiogenesis in pre-eclampsia remains to be determined. In the current study, human peripheral blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were isolated to study the coordination between miR-646, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression in preeclampsia EPCs. EPCs were isolated from human peripheral blood to demonstrate a potential interaction between miR-646 and targets (VEGF-A) in vitro. The number of EPCs and the expression of miR-646 in patients with preeclampsia was detected, and the effects of miR-646 on EPC function and preeclampsia angiogenesis was assessed. Clinical specimens demonstrated that miR-646 expression was enhanced in pregnancy with preeclampsia. The results indicated that miR-646 suppressed EPCs multiplication, differentiation and migration. miR-646 was observed to exert an anti-angiogenic function by suppressing the expression of angiogenic cytokines VEGF-A and HIF-1α. Additionally, luciferase results displayed that miR-646 downregulated VEGF-A expression by directly binding to a specific sequence in its 3'-untranslated region. The results of the current study demonstrated that the miR-646/VEGF-A/HIF-1α axis is significant for angiogenic properties of EPCs in vitro and in vivo placental vasculogenesis. The results of the present study provide a new insight into microRNA regulation of vessel homeostasis and angiogenesis, and a basis for alternative treatments for patients with pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirong Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhen Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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17
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Vinci MC, Gambini E, Bassetti B, Genovese S, Pompilio G. When Good Guys Turn Bad: Bone Marrow's and Hematopoietic Stem Cells' Role in the Pathobiology of Diabetic Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113864. [PMID: 32485847 PMCID: PMC7312629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes strongly contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. It is widely accepted that hyperglycemia impairs hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization from the bone marrow (BM) by inducing stem cell niche dysfunction. Moreover, a recent study demonstrated that type 2 diabetic patients are characterized by significant depletion of circulating provascular progenitor cells and increased frequency of inflammatory cells. This unbalance, potentially responsible for the reduction of intrinsic vascular homeostatic capacity and for the establishment of a low-grade inflammatory status, suggests that bone BM-derived HSPCs are not only victims but also active perpetrators in diabetic complications. In this review, we will discuss the most recent literature on the molecular mechanisms underpinning hyperglycemia-mediated BM dysfunction and differentiation abnormality of HSPCs. Moreover, a section will be dedicated to the new glucose-lowering therapies that by specifically targeting the culprits may prevent or treat diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Vinci
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, I-20138- Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (B.B.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5800-2028
| | - Elisa Gambini
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, I-20138- Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (B.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Beatrice Bassetti
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, I-20138- Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (B.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Stefano Genovese
- Unit of Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, I-20138- Milan, Italy;
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, I-20138- Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (B.B.); (G.P.)
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18
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Jarajapu YPR. Targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor Axis in the Vascular Progenitor Cells for Cardiovascular Diseases. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 99:29-38. [PMID: 32321734 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells are vasculogenic and play an important role in endothelial health and vascular homeostasis by participating in postnatal vasculogenesis. Progenitor cells are mobilized from bone marrow niches in response to remote ischemic injury and migrate to the areas of damage and stimulate revascularization largely by paracrine activation of angiogenic functions in the peri-ischemic vasculature. This innate vasoprotective mechanism is impaired in certain chronic clinical conditions, which leads to the development of cardiovascular complications. Members of the renin-angiotensin system-angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACEs) ACE and ACE2, angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang-(1-7), and receptors AT1 and Mas-are expressed in vasculogenic progenitor cells derived from humans and rodents. Ang-(1-7), generated by ACE2, is known to produce cardiovascular protective effects by acting on Mas receptor and is considered as a counter-regulatory mechanism to the detrimental effects of Ang II. Evidence has now been accumulating in support of the activation of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor pathway by pharmacologic or molecular maneuvers, which stimulates mobilization of progenitor cells from bone marrow, migration to areas of vascular damage, and revascularization of ischemic areas in pathologic conditions. This minireview summarizes recent studies that have enhanced our understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of vasoprotective axis in bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in health and disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) stimulate revascularization of ischemic areas. However, the reparative potential is diminished in certain chronic clinical conditions, leading to the development of cardiovascular diseases. ACE2 and Mas receptor are key members of the alternative axis of the renin-angiotensin system and are expressed in HSPCs. Accumulating evidence points to activation of ACE2 or Mas receptor as a promising approach for restoring the reparative potential, thereby preventing the development of ischemic vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagna P R Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
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19
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Lin Y, Gil CH, Yoder MC. Identification of Circulating Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells from Murine Embryonic Peripheral Blood. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1940:97-107. [PMID: 30788820 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood contains highly proliferative circulating endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC). These cells have promising therapeutic potential for various cardiovascular diseases by possessing robust in vitro clonal expansion potential and the ability to form functional blood vessels in vivo upon transplantation into recipient immunodeficient mice. However whether similar cells also exist in murine blood remains unresolved, which impedes the study of circulating ECFC biology using murine models. Here we describe a method to identify and culture murine embryonic peripheral blood-derived circulating ECFC through co-culture with OP9 stromal cells. Using this method, embryonic circulating ECFC can be identified by the formation of sheet-like or network-like endothelial colonies upon OP9 stromal cell monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chang-Hyun Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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20
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Bai Y, Liu R, Li Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wu J, Li Z, Qian S, Li B, Zhang Z, Fathy AH, Cappetta D, Zhou J, Zou Y, Qian J, Ge J. VEGFR endocytosis regulates the angiogenesis in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:1849-1859. [PMID: 31285877 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.05.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The regulation of angiogenesis in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has been widely studied and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) families and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) have been proven to be one of the key regulators. The VEGFR endocytosis has been recently proved to be involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. Our previous study showed that the upregulation of VEGFR endocytosis enhanced angiogenesis in vitro. In this research, we utilized mice with induced hindlimb ischemia, as a model to investigate the role of VEGFR endocytosis in the regulation of angiogenesis in vivo. Our goal was to observe the effect of revascularization with different degrees of VEGFR endocytosis after injecting atypical protein kinase C inhibitor (αPKCi) and dynasore, which could respectively promote and inhibit the VEGFR endocytosis. Methods We induced the hindlimb ischemia in adult male mice by ligating the hindlimb artery. By directly injecting the ischemic muscles with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) alone or EPCs + αPKCi/EPCs + dynasore or control medium (sham group), we divided the mice into four groups and detected lower limb blood flow using a laser Doppler blood perfusion imager. We also measured the immunohistochemistry (IHC) of markers for angiogenesis, such as CD31 and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the ischemic hindlimb tissues. Results We demonstrated VEGFR endocytosis played an important role in the angiogenesis of the ischemic hindlimb model in vivo. By using atypical PKC inhibitor that increase the VEGFR endocytosis, the angiogenesis in the mice model was promoted. Treatment with EPCs + αPKCi showed greater effects on blood perfusion recovery and increased the α-SMA-positive vessels. Conclusions The regulation of VEGFR endocytosis represents a valuable method of improving angiogenesis and thus revascularization in ischemic disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongle Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhixing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhuoquan Li
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sanli Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Abdel Hamid Fathy
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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21
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Salazar N, Zabel BA. Support of Tumor Endothelial Cells by Chemokine Receptors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:147. [PMID: 30800123 PMCID: PMC6375834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated vascular endothelium comprises a specialized and diverse group of endothelial cells that, although not cancer themselves, are integral to cancer progression. Targeting the tumor vasculature can have significant efficacy in reducing tumor burden, although loss of efficacy due to acquisition of resistance mechanisms is common. Here we review mechanisms by which tumor endothelial cells (TEC) utilize chemokine receptors to support tumor progression. We illustrate how chemokine receptors support and may serve as functional markers of the diverse TEC population. We focus on ACKR1 (DARC), ACKR3 (CXCR7), CXCR4, and CCR2, as these are the best studied chemokine receptors in TEC; and suggest that targeting these receptors on the tumor vasculature may prove efficacious in slowing or reversing tumor growth. We also mention CXCR2 and CXCR3 as important mediators or tumor angiogenesis, given their distinct roles with angiogenic and angiostatic chemokines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Salazar
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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22
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Filonov D, Tice R, Luo R, Grotegut C, Van Kanegan MJ, Ludlow JW, Il'yasova D, Kinev A. Initial Assessment of Variability of Responses to Toxicants in Donor-Specific Endothelial Colony Forming Cells. Front Public Health 2018; 6:369. [PMID: 30622937 PMCID: PMC6308159 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increased interest in using high throughput in vitro assays to characterize human population variability in response to toxicants and drugs. Utilizing primary human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) isolated from blood would be highly useful for this purpose because these cells are involved in neonatal and adult vasculogenesis. We characterized the cytotoxicity of four known toxic chemicals (NaAsO2, CdCl2, tributyltin [TBT], and menadione) and their four relatively nontoxic counterparts (Na2HAsO4, ZnCl2, SnCl2, and phytonadione, respectively) in eight ECFC clones representing four neonatal donors (2 male and 2 female donors, 2 clones per donor). ECFCs were exposed to 9 concentrations of each chemical in duplicate; cell viability was evaluated 48 h later using the fluorescent vital dye fluorescent dye 5-Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate (CFDA), yielding concentration-effect curves from each experiment. Technical (day-to-day) variability of the assay, assessed from three independent experiments, was low: p-values for the differences of results were 0.74 and 0.64 for the comparison of day 2 vs. day 1 and day 3 vs. day 1, respectively. The statistical analysis used to compare the entire concentration-effect curves has revealed significant differences in levels of cytotoxicity induced by the toxic and relatively nontoxic chemical counterparts, demonstrating that donor-specific ECFCs can clearly differentiate between these two groups of chemicals. Partitioning of the total variance in the nested design assessed the contributions of between-clone and between-donor variability for different levels of cytotoxicity. Individual ECFC clones demonstrated highly reproducible responses to the chemicals. The most toxic chemical was TBT, followed by NaAsO2, CdCl2, and Menadione. Nontoxic counterparts exhibited low cytotoxicity at the higher end of concentration ranges tested. Low variability was observed between ECFC clones obtained from the same donor or different donors for CdCl2, NaAsO2, and TBT, but for menadione, the between-donor variability was much greater than the between-clone variability. The low between-clone variability indicates that an ECFC clone may represent an individual donor in cell-based assays, although this finding must be confirmed using a larger number of donors. Such confirmation would demonstrate that an in vitro ECFC-based testing platform can be used to characterize the inter-individual variability of neonatal ECFCs exposed to drugs and/or environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raymond Tice
- Creative Scientist, Inc.Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ruiyan Luo
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Chad Grotegut
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Dora Il'yasova
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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23
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Lo Gullo A, Aragona CO, Scuruchi M, Versace AG, Saitta A, Imbalzano E, Loddo S, Campo GM, Mandraffino G. Endothelial progenitor cells and rheumatic disease modifying therapy. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 108:8-14. [PMID: 29842927 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying the higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease are not completely clarified, but it is likely that a pivotal role is played by vascular inflammation and consequently to altered vascular endothelium homeostasis. Also, high prevalence of traditional risk factors, proatherogenic activation and endothelial dysfunction further contribute to vascular damage. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can restore dysfunctional endothelium and protect against atherosclerotic vascular disease. However, abnormalities in number and function of these cells in patients with rheumatic condition have been extensively reported. During the last years, growing interest in the mechanisms of endothelial renewal and its potential as a therapy for CVD has been shown; in addition, pioneering studies show that EPC dysfunction might be improved with pharmacological strategies. However, how to restore EPC function, and whether achieving this aim may be effective in preventing cardiovascular complications in rheumatic disease, remain to be established. In this review we report an overview on the current stand of knowledge on the effect of pharmaceutical and lifestyle intervention in improving EPCs number and function in rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lo Gullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
| | | | - Michele Scuruchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Saverio Loddo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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Liang OD, So EY, Egan PC, Goldberg LR, Aliotta JM, Wu KQ, Dubielecka PM, Ventetuolo CE, Reginato AM, Quesenberry PJ, Klinger JR. Endothelial to haematopoietic transition contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1560-1573. [PMID: 29016733 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain unclear, but involve dysfunctional endothelial cells (ECs), dysregulated immunity and inflammation in the lung. We hypothesize that a developmental process called endothelial to haematopoietic transition (EHT) contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We sought to determine the role of EHT in mouse models of PH, to characterize specific cell types involved in this process, and to identify potential therapeutic targets to prevent disease progression. Methods and results When transgenic mice with fluorescence protein ZsGreen-labelled ECs were treated with Sugen/hypoxia (Su/Hx) combination to induce PH, the percentage of ZsGreen+ haematopoietic cells in the peripheral blood, primarily of myeloid lineage, significantly increased. This occurrence coincided with the depletion of bone marrow (BM) ZsGreen+ c-kit+ CD45- endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which could be detected accumulating in the lung upon PH-induction. Quantitative RT-PCR based gene array analysis showed that key transcription factors driving haematopoiesis were expressed in these EPCs. When transplanted into lethally irradiated recipient mice, the BM-derived EPCs exhibited long-term engraftment and haematopoietic differentiation capability, indicating these EPCs are haemogenic in nature. Specific inhibition of the critical haematopoietic transcription factor Runx1 blocked the EHT process in vivo, prevented egress of the BM EPCs and ultimately attenuated PH progression in Su/Hx- as well as in monocrotaline-induced PH in mice. Thus, myeloid-skewed EHT promotes the development of PH and inhibition of this process prevents disease progression in mouse models of PH. Furthermore, high levels of Runx1 expression were found in circulating CD34+ CD133+ EPCs isolated from peripheral blood of patients with PH, supporting the clinical relevance of our proposed mechanism of EHT. Conclusion EHT contributes to the pathogenesis of PAH. The transcription factor Runx1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olin D Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics
| | - Eui-Young So
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics
| | - Pamela C Egan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Jason M Aliotta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Keith Q Wu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics
| | | | - Corey E Ventetuolo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | | | - James R Klinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
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25
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Syu JN, Yang MD, Tsai SY, Chiang EPI, Chiu SC, Chao CY, Rodriguez RL, Tang FY. S-allylcysteine Improves Blood Flow Recovery and Prevents Ischemic Injury by Augmenting Neovasculogenesis. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1636-1647. [PMID: 29251114 PMCID: PMC5753981 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717724792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that a low level of circulating human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a risk factor for ischemic injury and coronary artery disease (CAD). Consumption of S-allylcysteine (SAC) is known to prevent CAD. However, the protective effects of SAC on the ischemic injury are not yet clear. In this study, we examined whether SAC could improve blood flow recovery in ischemic tissues through EPC-mediated neovasculogenesis. The results demonstrate that SAC significantly enhances the neovasculogenesis of EPCs in vitro. The molecular mechanisms for SAC enhancement of neovasculogenesis include the activation of Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling cascades. SAC increased the expression of c-kit, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) proteins in EPCs. Daily intake of SAC at dosages of 0.2 and 2 mg/kg body weight significantly enhanced c-kit protein levels in vivo. We conclude that dietary consumption of SAC improves blood flow recovery and prevents ischemic injury by inducing neovasculogenesis in experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Syu
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yao Tsai
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - En-Pei Isabel Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center and Agricultural Biotechnology Center (ABC), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Cell Therapy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Che-Yi Chao
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Raymond L. Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Feng-Yao Tang, Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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26
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Avezov K, Aizenbud D, Lavie L. Intermittent Hypoxia Induced Formation of "Endothelial Cell-Colony Forming Units (EC-CFUs)" Is Affected by ROS and Oxidative Stress. Front Neurol 2018; 9:447. [PMID: 29963003 PMCID: PMC6010519 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH)—the hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)—increases leukocyte activation, production of NADPH-oxidase dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, affecting endothelial function. However, IH and oxidative stress can also stimulate adaptive-protective mechanisms by inducing the development of Endothelial Cell-Colony Forming Units (EC-CFUs), which are considered as a good surrogate marker for endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and likely reflect a reparatory response to vascular damage or tissue ischemia by leukocytes. Blood samples were obtained from 15 healthy consenting volunteers to evaluate the effects of IH and sustained hypoxia (SH) in vitro on EC-CFUs development and functions. The variables measured included: their numbers, the area, the proliferative capacity and ROS production. Additionally, NADPH-oxidase, VEGF and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, as well as their paracrine effects on endothelial tube formation were determined. The involvement of ROS was probed using the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and NADPH-oxidase inhibitors apocynin and diphenyl-iodide. Compared to normoxia, IH-dependent increases in EC-CFUs numbers were observed, showing an individual donor-dependent trait. Also, the expression of VEGF and gp91phox, a subunit of NADPH-oxidase, were significantly increased. ROS production and oxidative stress markers were also significantly increased, but Nrf2 expression and colony size were unaffected by IH. Additionally, conditioned media harvested from IH- and SH-treated mature EC-CFUs, significantly increased endothelial tube formation. These effects were markedly attenuated or diminished by the ROS and NADPH-oxidase inhibitors employed. In conclusion, we show here for the first time that IH-associated oxidative stress promotes EC-CFUs' vascular and paracrine capacities through ROS. However, the large inter-individual variability expressed in EC-CFUs numbers and functions to a given IH stimulus, may represent an individual trait with a potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Avezov
- The Lloyd Rigler Sleep Apnea Research Laboratory, Unit of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Anomalies, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Aizenbud
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Anomalies, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lena Lavie
- The Lloyd Rigler Sleep Apnea Research Laboratory, Unit of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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27
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Shear stress: An essential driver of endothelial progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 118:46-69. [PMID: 29549046 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The blood flow through vessels produces a tangential, or shear, stress sensed by their innermost layer (i.e., endothelium) and representing a major hemodynamic force. In humans, endothelial repair and blood vessel formation are mainly performed by circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) characterized by a considerable expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), CD34, and CD133, pronounced tube formation activity in vitro, and strong reendothelialization or neovascularization capacity in vivo. EPCs have been proposed as a promising agent to induce reendothelialization of injured arteries, neovascularization of ischemic tissues, and endothelialization or vascularization of bioartificial constructs. A number of preconditioning approaches have been suggested to improve the regenerative potential of EPCs, including the use of biophysical stimuli such as shear stress. However, in spite of well-defined influence of shear stress on mature endothelial cells (ECs), articles summarizing how it affects EPCs are lacking. Here we discuss the impact of shear stress on homing, paracrine effects, and differentiation of EPCs. Unidirectional laminar shear stress significantly promotes homing of circulating EPCs to endothelial injury sites, induces anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic phenotype of EPCs, increases their capability to form capillary-like tubes in vitro, and enhances differentiation of EPCs into mature ECs in a dose-dependent manner. These effects are mediated by VEGFR2, Tie2, Notch, and β1/3 integrin signaling and can be abrogated by means of complementary siRNA/shRNA or selective pharmacological inhibitors of the respective proteins. Although the testing of sheared EPCs for vascular tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications is still an unaccomplished task, favorable effects of unidirectional laminar shear stress on EPCs suggest its usefulness for their preconditioning.
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28
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Basile DP, Collett JA, Yoder MC. Endothelial colony-forming cells and pro-angiogenic cells: clarifying definitions and their potential role in mitigating acute kidney injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222:10.1111/apha.12914. [PMID: 28656611 PMCID: PMC5745310 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a significant clinical concern that is associated with high mortality rates and also represents a significant risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This article will consider alterations in renal endothelial function in the setting of AKI that may underlie impairment in renal perfusion and how inefficient vascular repair may manifest post-AKI and contribute to the potential transition to CKD. We provide updated terminology for cells previously classified as 'endothelial progenitor' that may mediate vascular repair such as pro-angiogenic cells and endothelial colony-forming cells. We consider how endothelial repair may be mediated by these different cell types following vascular injury, particularly in models of AKI. We further summarize the potential ability of these different cells to mitigate the severity of AKI, improve perfusion and maintain vascular structure in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Basile
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Jason A. Collett
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
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29
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Manavski Y, Lucas T, Glaser SF, Dorsheimer L, Günther S, Braun T, Rieger MA, Zeiher AM, Boon RA, Dimmeler S. Clonal Expansion of Endothelial Cells Contributes to Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization. Circ Res 2018; 122:670-677. [PMID: 29358229 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vascularization is critical to maintain organ function. Although many molecular pathways were shown to control vessel growth, the genuine process of capillary formation under different conditions is unclear. OBJECTIVE Here, we elucidated whether clonal expansion contributes to vessel growth by using Confetti mice for genetic tracing of clonally expanding endothelial cells (ECs). METHODS AND RESULTS In postnatal retina angiogenesis, we predominantly observed random distribution of fluorescence labeled ECs indicative of random integration or cell mixing. However, in models of pathophysiological angiogenesis (retinopathy of prematurity), as well as ischemia-induced angiogenesis in limbs and hearts, clonally expanded ECs were significantly more abundant (≤69%). Inhibition of VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) reduced clonal expansion after ischemia. To determine the mechanism underlying clonal expansion in vivo, we assessed gene expression specifically in clonally expanded ECs selected by laser capture microscopy. Clonally expanded ECs showed an enrichment of genes involved in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, hypoxia-induced clonal expansion and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in ECs in vitro suggesting that hypoxia-enhanced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition might contribute to vessel growth under ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that neovascularization after ischemia is partially mediated by clonal expansion of ECs. Identification of the pathways that control clonal expansion may provide novel tools to augment therapeutic neovascularization or treat pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosif Manavski
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Tina Lucas
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Simone F Glaser
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Lena Dorsheimer
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Stefan Günther
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Thomas Braun
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Michael A Rieger
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Reinier A Boon
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.)
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., R.A.B., S.D.); Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany (A.M.Z.); Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G., T.B.); Department of Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany (L.D., M.A.R.); and Partner site Rhein/Main, German Center of Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Frankfurt (Y.M., T.L., S.F.G., T.B., A.M.Z., R.A.B., S.D.).
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30
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Maroun-Eid C, Ortega-Hernández A, Modrego J, Abad-Cardiel M, García-Donaire JA, Reinares L, Martell-Claros N, Gómez-Garre D. Effect of intensive multifactorial treatment on vascular progenitor cells in hypertensive patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190494. [PMID: 29304136 PMCID: PMC5755814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most hypertensive patients, despite a proper control of their cardiovascular risk factors, have cardiovascular complications, evidencing the importance of controlling and/or reversing target-organ damage. In this sense, endothelial dysfunction has been associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and related cardiovascular outcomes. Since hypertension often clusters with other risk factors such as dyslipemia, diabetes and obesity, in this study we have investigated the effect of intensive multifactorial treatment on circulating vascular progenitor cell levels on high-risk hypertensive patients. Design We included108 hypertensive patients receiving intensive multifactorial pharmacologic treatment and dietary recommendations targeting blood pressure, dyslipemia, hyperglycemia and weight for 12 months. After the treatment period, blood samples were collected and circulating levels of endothelial (CD34+/KDR+, CD34+/VE-cadherin+) and smooth muscle (CD14+/endoglin+) progenitor cells were identified by flow cytometry. Additionally, plasma concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined by ELISA. Results Most hypertensive patients (61±12 years, 47% men) showed cardiovascular parameters within normal ranges at baseline. Moreover, body mass index and the majority of the biochemical parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, creatinine and hs-CRP) significantly decreased overtime. After 12 months of intensive treatment, CD34+/KDR+ and CD14+/endoglin+ levels did not change, but CD34+/VE-cadherin+ cells increased significantly at month 12 [0.9(0.05–0.14)% vs 0.05(0.02–0.09)% P<0.05]. However, VEGF plasma concentration decreased significantly overtime [89.1(53.9–218.7) vs [66.2(47.5–104.6) pg/mL, P<0.05]. Conclusions Long-term intensive treatment in hypertensive patients further improves cardiovascular risk and increases circulating EPCs, suggesting that these cells could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Maroun-Eid
- Unit of Hypertension, Área de Prevención Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Ortega-Hernández
- Vascular Biology Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Modrego
- Vascular Biology Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Abad-Cardiel
- Unit of Hypertension, Área de Prevención Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio García-Donaire
- Unit of Hypertension, Área de Prevención Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Reinares
- Unit of Lipids, Área de Prevención Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieves Martell-Claros
- Unit of Hypertension, Área de Prevención Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre
- Vascular Biology Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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31
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Han T, Liu M, Yang S. DJ-1 Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Damage by Activating the PPARγ/HO-1 Pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:392-400. [PMID: 28600848 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that angiotensin II (Ang II) may impair the functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). It was revealed that DJ-1 could resist oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated whether DJ-1 could protect EPCs against Ang II-induced cell damage. The proliferation and migration of EPCs were strongly reduced in the Ang II group and were increased by overexpression of DJ-1. Western blotting indicated that the increased expression of the senescence marker β-galactosidase and decreased expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) induced by Ang II were reversed after Ad-DJ-1 transfection. The reduced angiogenic capacity of EPCs caused by Ang II was also improved after Ad-DJ-1 transfection. Moreover, Ang II significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), reduced the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and these were reversed by Ad-DJ-1 transfection. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and heme oxygenase (HO-1) was increased by DJ-1. Therefore, HO-1 siRNA were constructed and transfected into EPCs, and the results showed that HO-1 siRNA transfection inhibited the effects of DJ-1 on EPC function. Thus, our study implies that DJ-1 may protect EPCs against Ang II-induced dysfunction by activating the PPARγ/HO-1. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 392-400, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033,, Jilin, China
| | - Meihan Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033,, Jilin, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033,, Jilin, China
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Fu C, Chen B, Jin X, Liu X, Wang F, Guo R, Chen Z, Zheng H, Wang L, Zhang Y. Puerarin protects endothelial progenitor cells from damage of angiotensin II via activation of ERK1/2‑Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3877-3883. [PMID: 29359784 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) dysfunction is associated with the formation of carotid atherosclerosis. It has been demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II) may impair the function of EPCs and puerarin, a natural product, possesses cardiovascular protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of puerarin in Ang II‑induced EPC injury, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with Ang II suppressed EPC proliferation and migration, increased the expression of the senescence marker β‑galactosidase, and the adhesion molecules intracellular adhesion molecule‑1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1. However, the above effects were markedly alleviated by treatment with puerarin in a dose‑dependent manner (1, 10 and 100 µM). In addition, Ang II significantly increased reactive oxygen species production and the levels of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑6. Notably, these effects were reversed by puerarin. However, it was identified that the impaired EPC functions were due to inhibition of the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and the degradation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), and treatment with puerarin activated the ERK1/2‑Nrf2 signaling pathway. The results of the present study indicated that puerarin protected Ang II‑induced EPC dysfunction via activation of the ERK1/2‑Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fu
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Baoxin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Xianglan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Central Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Fengli Wang
- Central Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Rongjuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Yunling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
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Bhatwadekar AD, Duan Y, Korah M, Thinschmidt JS, Hu P, Leley SP, Caballero S, Shaw L, Busik J, Grant MB. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor involvement in retinal microvascular repair during diabetes: Implications for bone marrow rejuvenation. Vision Res 2017; 139:211-220. [PMID: 29042190 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread nature of diabetes affects all organ systems of an individual including the bone marrow. Long-term damage to the cellular and extracellular components of the bone marrow leads to a rapid decline in the bone marrow-hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HS/PCs) compartment. This review will highlight the importance of bone marrow microenvironment in maintaining bone marrow HS/PC populations and the contribution of these key populations in microvascular repair during the natural history of diabetes. The autonomic nervous system can initiate and propagate bone marrow dysfunction in diabetes. Systemic pharmacological strategies designed to protect the bone marrow-HS/PC population from diabetes induced-oxidative stress and advanced glycation end product accumulation represent a new approach to target diabetic retinopathy progression. Protecting HS/PCs ensures their participation in vascular repair and reduces the risk of vasogdegeneration occurring in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashay D Bhatwadekar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Maria Korah
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sameer P Leley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lynn Shaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Julia Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Lin Y, Gil CH, Yoder MC. Differentiation, Evaluation, and Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2014-2025. [PMID: 29025705 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology paves the way to generate large numbers of patient-specific endothelial cells (ECs) that can be potentially delivered for regenerative medicine in patients with cardiovascular disease. In the last decade, numerous protocols that differentiate EC from iPSC have been developed by many groups. In this review, we will discuss several common strategies that have been optimized for human iPSC-EC differentiation and subsequent studies that have evaluated the potential of human iPSC-EC as a cell therapy or as a tool in disease modeling. In addition, we will emphasize the importance of using in vivo vessel-forming ability and in vitro clonogenic colony-forming potential as a gold standard with which to evaluate the quality of human iPSC-EC derived from various protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Chang-Hyun Gil
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
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35
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Zhang H, Tao Y, Ren S, Liu H, Zhou H, Hu J, Tang Y, Zhang B, Chen H. Isolation and characterization of human umbilical cord-derived endothelial colony-forming cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4160-4166. [PMID: 29067104 PMCID: PMC5647737 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are a population of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that display robust proliferative potential and vessel-forming capability. Previous studies have demonstrated that a limited number of ECFCs may be obtained from adult bone marrow, peripheral blood and umbilical cord (UC) blood. The present study describes an effective method for isolating ECFCs from human UC. The ECFCs derived from human UC displayed the full properties of EPCs. Analysis of the growth kinetics, cell cycle and colony-forming ability of the isolated human UC-ECFCs indicated that the cells demonstrated properties of stem cells, including relative stability and rapid proliferation in vitro. Gene expression of Fms related tyrosine kinase 1, kinase insert domain receptor, vascular endothelial cadherin, cluster of differentiation (CD)31, CD34, epidermal growth factor homology domains-2, von Willebrand factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The cells were positive for CD34, CD31, CD73, CD105 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, and negative for CD45, CD90 and human leukocyte antigen-antigen D related protein according to flow cytometry. 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetra-methyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein and fluorescein isothiocyanate-Ulex europaeus-l were used to verify the identity of the UC-ECFCs. Matrigel was used to investigate tube formation capability. The results demonstrated that the reported technique is a valuable method for isolating human UC-ECFCs, which have potential for use in vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Tao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Saisai Ren
- Department of Graduate School, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Haihui Liu
- Department of Graduate School, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jiangwei Hu
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Yongyong Tang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China.,Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China.,Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China.,Cell and Gene Therapy Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P.R. China
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36
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Liao KH, Chang SJ, Chang HC, Chien CL, Huang TS, Feng TC, Lin WW, Shih CC, Yang MH, Yang SH, Lin CH, Hwang WL, Lee OK. Endothelial angiogenesis is directed by RUNX1T1-regulated VEGFA, BMP4 and TGF-β2 expression. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28640846 PMCID: PMC5481149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue angiogenesis is intimately regulated during embryogenesis and postnatal development. Defected angiogenesis contributes to aberrant development and is the main complication associated with ischemia-related diseases. We previously identified the increased expression of RUNX1T1 in umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) by gene expression microarray. However, the biological relevance of RUNX1T1 in endothelial lineage is not defined clearly. Here, we demonstrate RUNX1T1 regulates the survival, motility and tube forming capability of ECFCs and EA.hy926 endothelial cells by loss-and gain-of function assays, respectively. Second, embryonic vasculatures and quantity of bone marrow-derived angiogenic progenitors are found to be reduced in the established Runx1t1 heterozygous knockout mice. Finally, a central RUNX1T1-regulated signature is uncovered and VEGFA, BMP4 as well as TGF-β2 are demonstrated to mediate RUNX1T1-orchested angiogenic activities. Taken together, our results reveal that RUNX1T1 serves as a common angiogenic driver for vaculogenesis and functionality of endothelial lineage cells. Therefore, the discovery and application of pharmaceutical activators for RUNX1T1 will improve therapeutic efficacy toward ischemia by promoting neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsun Liao
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jyh Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chuan Chang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Li Chien
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Shun Huang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chia Feng
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chi Shih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Immunity and Inflammation Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Haur Yang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Hwang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (OKL); (WLH)
| | - Oscar K. Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (OKL); (WLH)
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Abstract
The outcomes of patients diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have recently improved. However, mortality and morbidity remain high, and this is primarily caused by the abnormal lung development resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension. The pathogenesis of CDH is poorly understood, despite the identification of certain candidate genes disrupting normal diaphragm and lung morphogenesis in animal models of CDH. Defects within the lung mesenchyme and interstitium contribute to disturbed distal lung development. Frequently, a disturbance in the development of the pleuroperitoneal folds (PPFs) leads to the incomplete formation of the diaphragm and subsequent herniation. Most candidate genes identified in animal models have so far revealed relatively few strong associations in human CDH cases. CDH is likely a highly polygenic disease, and future studies will need to reconcile how disturbances in the expression of multiple genes cause the disease. Herein, we summarize the available literature on abnormal lung development associated with CDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Ameis
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, The Children׳s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Naghmeh Khoshgoo
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, The Children׳s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard Keijzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, The Children׳s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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38
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Shi X, Zhang W, Yin L, Chilian WM, Krieger J, Zhang P. Vascular precursor cells in tissue injury repair. Transl Res 2017; 184:77-100. [PMID: 28284670 PMCID: PMC5429880 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular precursor cells include stem cells and progenitor cells giving rise to all mature cell types in the wall of blood vessels. When tissue injury occurs, local hypoxia and inflammation result in the generation of vasculogenic mediators which orchestrate migration of vascular precursor cells from their niche environment to the site of tissue injury. The intricate crosstalk among signaling pathways coordinates vascular precursor cell proliferation and differentiation during neovascularization. Establishment of normal blood perfusion plays an essential role in the effective repair of the injured tissue. In recent years, studies on molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular precursor cell function have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches to treat chronic wounds and ischemic diseases in vital organ systems. Verification of safety and establishment of specific guidelines for the clinical application of vascular precursor cell-based therapy remain major challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Nursing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Jessica Krieger
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio.
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Abstract
In the mid-1990s, my research group began to devise a method to establish endothelial cell cultures from human peripheral blood, with an ultimate goal of examining interindividual heterogeneity of endothelial biology. The initial work, published in the JCI in 2000, described the method enabling successful attainment of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC). Truly endothelial, BOEC are progeny of a transplantable cell that originates in bone marrow, a putative endothelial progenitor. Our subsequent experimental work focused upon practical applications of BOEC: their use for gene therapy, tissue engineering, assessment of mutant gene effect, and discovery of heterogeneity in endothelial biology.
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40
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Garbuzova-Davis S, Kurien C, Thomson A, Falco D, Ahmad S, Staffetti J, Steiner G, Abraham S, James G, Mahendrasah A, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV. Endothelial and Astrocytic Support by Human Bone Marrow Stem Cell Grafts into Symptomatic ALS Mice towards Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Repair. Sci Rep 2017; 7:884. [PMID: 28408761 PMCID: PMC5429840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular pathology, including blood-CNS barrier (B-CNS-B) damage via endothelial cell (EC) degeneration, is a recently recognized hallmark of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. B-CNS-B repair may be a new therapeutic approach for ALS. This study aimed to determine effects of transplanted unmodified human bone marrow CD34+ (hBM34+) cells into symptomatic G93A mice towards blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) repair. Thirteen weeks old G93A mice intravenously received one of three different doses of hBM34+ cells. Cell-treated, media-treated, and control mice were euthanized at 17 weeks of age. Immunohistochemical (anti-human vWF, CD45, GFAP, and Iba-1) and motor neuron histological analyses were performed in cervical and lumbar spinal cords. EB levels in spinal cord parenchyma determined capillary permeability. Transplanted hBM34+ cells improved behavioral disease outcomes and enhanced motor neuron survival, mainly in high-cell-dose mice. Transplanted cells differentiated into ECs and engrafted within numerous capillaries. Reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and enhanced perivascular end-feet astrocytes were also determined in spinal cords, mostly in high-cell-dose mice. These mice also showed significantly decreased parenchymal EB levels. EC differentiation, capillary engraftment, reduced capillary permeability, and re-established perivascular end-feet astrocytes in symptomatic ALS mice may represent BSCB repair processes, supporting hBM34+ cell transplantation as a future therapeutic strategy for ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.
| | - Crupa Kurien
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Avery Thomson
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Dimitri Falco
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Sohaib Ahmad
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Joseph Staffetti
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - George Steiner
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Sophia Abraham
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Greeshma James
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Ajay Mahendrasah
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Psychiatry, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, 33612, United States of America
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41
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Kundu N, Domingues CC, Chou C, Ahmadi N, Houston S, Jerry DJ, Sen S. Use of p53-Silenced Endothelial Progenitor Cells to Treat Ischemia in Diabetic Peripheral Vascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005146. [PMID: 28365567 PMCID: PMC5533015 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral vascular disease is a major diabetes mellitus-related complication. In this study, we noted that expressions of proapoptotic p53 gene and its downstream cascade gene such as p21 are upregulated in hyperglycemia. Therefore, we investigated whether p53- and p21-silenced endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were able to survive in hyperglycemic milieu, and whether transplantation of either p53 knockout (KO) or p21KO or p53- and p21-silenced EPCs could improve collateral vessel formation and blood flow in diabetic vaso-occlusive peripheral vascular disease mouse models. METHODS AND RESULTS We transplanted p53 and p21KO mouse EPCs (mEPCs) into streptozotocin-induced diabetic (type 1 diabetes mellitus model) C57BL/6J and db/db (B6.BKS(D)-Leprdb/J) (type 2 model) post-femoral artery occlusion. Similarly, Ad-p53-silenced and Ad-p21-silenced human EPCs (CD34+) cells were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice. We measured blood flow at 3, 7, and 10 days and hindlimb muscles were obtained postsacrifice for mRNA estimation and CD31 staining. Enhanced blood flow was noted with delivery of p53 and p21KO mEPCs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice. Similar results were obtained when human Ad-p53shEPCs(CD34+) and Ad-p21shEPCs(CD34+) were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Gene expression analysis of p53 and p21KO EPCs transplanted hindlimb muscles showed increased expression of endothelial markers such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1. Similarly, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of human Ad-p53shEPCs (CD34+)- and Ad-p21shEPCs (CD34+)-transplanted hindlimb muscles also showed increased expression of endothelial markers such as vascular endothelial growth factor A, noted primarily in the p53-silenced EPCs group. However, such beneficial effect was not noted in the db/db type 2 diabetic mouse models. CONCLUSIONS Transient silencing of p53 using adenoviral vector in EPCs may have a therapeutic role in diabetic peripheral vascular disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/transplantation
- Gene Silencing
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Ischemia/etiology
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology
- Peripheral Vascular Diseases/metabolism
- Peripheral Vascular Diseases/therapy
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Regional Blood Flow
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Kundu
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | | | - Cyril Chou
- Pioneer Valley Life Science Institute, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA
| | - Neeki Ahmadi
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Sara Houston
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Pioneer Valley Life Science Institute, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
- Pioneer Valley Life Science Institute, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA
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42
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Mandraffino G, Aragona CO, Cairo V, Scuruchi M, Lo Gullo A, D’Ascola A, Alibrandi A, Loddo S, Quartuccio S, Morace C, Mormina E, Basile G, Saitta A, Imbalzano E. Circulating progenitor cells in hypertensive subjects: Effectiveness of a treatment with olmesartan in improving cell number and miR profile in addition to expected pharmacological effects. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173030. [PMID: 28301500 PMCID: PMC5354372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD34+ circulating progenitor cells (CD34+CPCs) are a population of multipotent cells which can delay the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in conditions of increased CV risk. MicroRNAs (miRs) 221 and 222 modulate different genes regulating angiogenesis and inflammation; moreover, miR221/22 have beenshown to participate in differentiation and proliferation of CD34+CPCs, inhibiting cell migration and homing. miR221/222 in CD34+CPCs from hypertensive subjects are also increased and associated with CD34+cell number and reactive oxygen species (ROS). We evaluated CD34+CPC number, intracellular miR221/222 and ROS levels, arterial stiffness (AS)and echocardiography indices at baseline (T0).Then, after a six-month treatment with olmesartan, 20 mg/day (T1), in 57 hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and with no additional risk factor for CVD, and in 29 healthy controls (baseline),fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose and lipid profiles were also evaluated.At T1, blood pressure values, CRP and fibrinogen levels, ROS and miR221/222 were significantly decreased (all p <0.001), as were AS indices and LV mass index (p<0.001), while cell number was increased (p<0.001). Olmesartan is effective in reducing miR and ROS levels in CD34+CPCs from hypertensive subjects, as well as in increasing CD34+CPC number, providing multilevel CV protection, in addition to its expected pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mandraffino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Valentina Cairo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Scuruchi
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Lo Gullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D’Ascola
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Saverio Loddo
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Quartuccio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Morace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enricomaria Mormina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and of Morphologic and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Mandraffino G, Aragona CO, Basile G, Cairo V, Mamone F, Morace C, D'Ascola A, Alibrandi A, Lo Gullo A, Loddo S, Saitta A, Imbalzano E. CD34+ cell count predicts long lasting life in the oldest old. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 164:139-145. [PMID: 28322848 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) represent a pool of cells capable of differentiating into mature cells of different organs and systems, promoting tissue maintenance and repair. Among CPCs, CD34+cells (CD34+CPCs) seem to predict outcome in CV disease, also in elderly people. A decline in CD34+CPCs was reported with advancing age. Moreover, aging is associated with a state of chronic inflammation, influencing life expectancy. Our purpose was to investigate a 10-year predictive ability of CD34+CPCs, inflammatory marker levels, classic CV risk factors (CVRFs), and Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in a population of healthy, self-sufficient octogenarians. We found that baseline CD34+CPCs was strongly associated with mortality, showing a significant difference in CD34+CPC numbers between deceased and living patients. Moreover, by dividing our patients into tertiles based on age reached, this difference was more remarkable the higher the age reached. Regressive analyses suggested that the chances of reaching an older age depend on higher CD34+CPCs at baseline and are not significantly affected by inflammatory markers levels, FRS, CVFRs, or HDL-C levels. We found that higher CD34+CPCs predict longer life also in the oldest old, providing additional insights on the predictive role of CD34+CPCs in subjects aged 80 years or more.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giorgio Basile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Italy
| | - Valentina Cairo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
| | - Federica Mamone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
| | - Carmela Morace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
| | - Angela D'Ascola
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, Section of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, Italy
| | - Alberto Lo Gullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
| | - Saverio Loddo
- Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, Italy
| | - Antonino Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Italy
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44
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Dalbeni A, Giollo A, Tagetti A, Atanasio S, Orsolini G, Cioffi G, Ognibeni F, Rossini M, Minuz P, Fava C, Viapiana O. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors or inflammation: Which factors accelerate atherosclerosis in arthritis patients? Int J Cardiol 2017; 236:488-492. [PMID: 28109577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events. In addition to visualizing atherosclerotic plaques, ultrasound examinations (USs) of the carotid arteries permit the measurement of subclinical markers of atherosclerosis, such as intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid segmental distensibility (cDC). The aims of the study were to identify the determinants of atherosclerosis acceleration (plaques, cIMT and cDC) in a sample of patients suffering from chronic arthritis and to compare these patients with a control group of people with ≤1 traditional risk factor (TRF) for CV disease. METHODS We recruited 137 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 43 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 28 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 48 healthy volunteers without histories of previous CV events. These patients underwent carotid artery US examinations using dedicated hardware. RESULTS Regression and multivariate analyses demonstrated that only age (p<0.001) was consistently associated with cDC, cIMT and atherosclerotic plaques, both in the entire sample of patients with arthritis and in the subgroup of patients with RA. Among modifiable TRFs for cardiovascular disease, only hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking exhibited associations with some carotid phenotypes, with borderline significance. When patients with RA carrying ≤1 TRF were compared with control subjects carrying ≤1 TRF, only cDC was slightly lower in the RA group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Age is the major determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with different types of arthritis, as the contributions of other TRFs and disease activity and duration indices to the disease seem to be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dalbeni
- Division of General Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - A Giollo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Tagetti
- Division of General Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Atanasio
- Division of General Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Orsolini
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Cioffi
- Department of Cardiology, Villa Bianca Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - F Ognibeni
- Department of Cardiology, Villa Bianca Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - M Rossini
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - P Minuz
- Division of General Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Fava
- Division of General Medicine and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - O Viapiana
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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46
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Kalender G, Kornberger A, Lisy M, Beiras-Fernandez A, Stock UA. Kinetics of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients undergoing carotid artery surgery. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2016; 12:1841-1847. [PMID: 28008262 PMCID: PMC5167296 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are primitive cells found in the bone marrow and peripheral blood (PB). In particular, the potential of EPCs to differentiate into mature endothelial cells remains of high interest for clinical applications such as bio-functionalized patches for autologous seeding after implantation. The objective of this study was to determine EPCs’ kinetics in patients undergoing carotid artery thromboendarterectomy (CTEA) and patch angioplasty. Methods Twenty CTEA patients were included (15 male, mean age 76 years). PB samples were taken at 1 day preoperatively, and at 1, 3, and 5 days postoperatively. Flow cytometric analysis was performed for CD34, CD133, KDR, and CD45. Expression of KDR, SDF-1α, and G-CSF was analyzed by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis revealed 0.031%±0.016% (% of PB mononuclear cells) KDR+ cells and 0.052%±0.022% CD45−/CD34+/CD133+ cells, preoperatively. A 33% decrease of CD45−/CD34+/CD133+ cells was observed at day 1 after surgery. However, a relative number (compared to initial preoperative values) of CD45−/CD34+/CD133+ cells was found on day 3 (82%) and on day 5 (94%) postoperatively. More profound upregulated levels of CD45−CD34+/CD133+ cells were observed for diabetic (+47% compared to nondiabetic) and male (+38% compared to female) patients. No significant postoperative time-dependent differences were found in numbers of KDR+ cells and the concentrations of the cytokines KDR and G-CSF. However, the SDF-1α levels decreased significantly on day 1 postoperatively but returned to preoperative levels by day 3. Conclusion CTEA results in short-term downregulation of circulating EPCs and SDF-1α levels. Rapid return to baseline levels might indicate participation of EPCs in repair mechanisms following vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günay Kalender
- Deparment of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Hoechst Hospital
| | - Angela Kornberger
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Milan Lisy
- Deparment of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Hoechst Hospital
| | - Andres Beiras-Fernandez
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrich A Stock
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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47
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Cañete A, Comaills V, Prados I, Castro AM, Hammad S, Ybot-Gonzalez P, Bockamp E, Hengstler JG, Gottgens B, Sánchez MJ. Characterization of a Fetal Liver Cell Population Endowed with Long-Term Multiorgan Endothelial Reconstitution Potential. Stem Cells 2016; 35:507-521. [PMID: 27615355 PMCID: PMC5298023 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stable reconstitution of vascular endothelial beds upon transplantation of progenitor cells represents an important challenge due to the paucity and generally limited integration/expansion potential of most identified vascular related cell subsets. We previously showed that mouse fetal liver (FL) hemato/vascular cells from day 12 of gestation (E12), expressing the Stem Cell Leukaemia (SCL) gene enhancer transgene (SCL‐PLAP+ cells), had robust endothelial engraftment potential when transferred to the blood stream of newborns or adult conditioned recipients, compared to the scarce vascular contribution of adult bone marrow cells. However, the specific SCL‐PLAP+ hematopoietic or endothelial cell subset responsible for the long‐term reconstituting endothelial cell (LTR‐EC) activity and its confinement to FL developmental stages remained unknown. Using a busulfan‐treated newborn transplantation model, we show that LTR‐EC activity is restricted to the SCL‐PLAP+VE‐cadherin+CD45− cell population, devoid of hematopoietic reconstitution activity and largely composed by Lyve1+ endothelial‐committed cells. SCL‐PLAP+ Ve‐cadherin+CD45− cells contributed to the liver sinusoidal endothelium and also to the heart, kidney and lung microvasculature. LTR‐EC activity was detected at different stages of FL development, yet marginal activity was identified in the adult liver, revealing unknown functional differences between fetal and adult liver endothelial/endothelial progenitors. Importantly, the observations that expanding donor‐derived vascular grafts colocalize with proliferating hepatocyte‐like cells and participate in the systemic circulation, support their functional integration into young livers. These findings offer new insights into the engraftment, phonotypical, and developmental characterization of a novel endothelial/endothelial progenitor cell subtype with multiorgan LTR‐EC activity, potentially instrumental for the treatment/genetic correction of vascular diseases. Stem Cells2017;35:507–521
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cañete
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Prados
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana María Castro
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Toxicology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.,Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricia Ybot-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ernesto Bockamp
- Institute of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bertie Gottgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research & Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, United Kingdom
| | - María José Sánchez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
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Fadini GP, Ciciliot S, Albiero M. Concise Review: Perspectives and Clinical Implications of Bone Marrow and Circulating Stem Cell Defects in Diabetes. Stem Cells 2016; 35:106-116. [PMID: 27401837 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex systemic disease characterized by severe morbidity and excess mortality. The burden of its multiorgan complications relies on an imbalance between hyperglycemic cell damage and defective endogenous reparative mechanisms. Inflammation and abnormalities in several hematopoietic components are typically found in diabetes. The discovery that diabetes reduces circulating stem/progenitor cells and impairs their function has opened an entire new field of study where diabetology comes into contact with hematology and regenerative medicine. It is being progressively recognized that such rare circulating cell populations mirror finely regulated processes involved in hematopoiesis, immunosurveillance, and peripheral tissue homeostasis. From a clinical perspective, pauperization of circulating stem cells predicts adverse outcomes and death. Furthermore, studies in murine models and humans have identified the bone marrow (BM) as a previously neglected site of diabetic end-organ damage, characterized by microangiopathy, neuropathy, fat deposition, and inflammation. As a result, diabetes impairs the mobilization of BM stem/progenitor cells, a defect known as mobilopathy or myelokathexis, with negative consequences for physiologic hematopoiesis, immune regulation, and tissue regeneration. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular processes that govern the BM stem cell niche, cell mobilization, and kinetics in peripheral tissues may uncover new therapeutic strategies for patients with diabetes. This concise review summarizes the current knowledge on the interplay between the BM, circulating stem cells, and diabetes, and sets the stages for future developments in the field. Stem Cells 2017;35:106-116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Stefano Ciciliot
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
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Dysregulation of Vascular Endothelial Progenitor Cells Lung-Homing in Subjects with COPD. Can Respir J 2016; 2016:1472823. [PMID: 27445517 PMCID: PMC4904543 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1472823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by fixed airflow limitation and progressive decline of lung function and punctuated by occasional exacerbations. The disease pathogenesis may involve activation of the bone marrow stimulating mobilization and lung-homing of progenitor cells. We investigated the hypothesis that lower circulating numbers of vascular endothelial progenitor cells (VEPCs) are a consequence of increased lung-sequestration in COPD. Nonatopic, current or ex-smokers with diagnosed COPD and nonatopic, nonsmoking normal controls were enrolled. Blood and induced sputum extracted primitive hemopoietic progenitors (HPCs) and VEPC were enumerated by flow cytometry. Migration and adhesive responses to fibronectin were assessed. In sputum, VEPC numbers were significantly greater in COPD compared to normal controls. In blood, VEPCs were significantly lower in COPD versus normal controls. There were no differences in HPC levels between the two groups in either compartment. Functionally, there was a greater migrational responsiveness of progenitors from COPD subjects to stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α) compared to normal controls. This was associated with greater numbers of CXCR4+ progenitors in sputum from COPD. Increased migrational responsiveness of progenitor cells may promote lung-homing of VEPC in COPD which may disrupt maintenance and repair of the airways and contribute to COPD disease pathogenesis.
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Chong MSK, Ng WK, Chan JKY. Concise Review: Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Regenerative Medicine: Applications and Challenges. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:530-8. [PMID: 26956207 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are currently being studied as candidate cell sources for revascularization strategies. Significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of EPCs, and preclinical studies have demonstrated the vasculogenic, angiogenic, and beneficial paracrine effects of transplanted EPCs in the treatment of ischemic diseases. Despite these promising results, widespread clinical acceptance of EPCs for clinical therapies remains hampered by several challenges. The present study provides a concise summary of the different EPC populations being studied for ischemic therapies and their known roles in the healing of ischemic tissues. The challenges and issues surrounding the use of EPCs and the current strategies being developed to improve the harvest efficiency and functionality of EPCs for application in regenerative medicine are discussed. SIGNIFICANCE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have immense clinical value for cardiovascular therapies. The present study provides a concise description of the EPC subpopulations being evaluated for clinical applications. The current major lines of investigation involving preclinical and clinical evaluations of EPCs are discussed, and significant gaps limiting the translation of EPCs are highlighted. The present report could be useful for clinicians and clinical researchers with interests in ischemic therapy and for basic scientists working in the related fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Seow Khoon Chong
- School of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wei Kai Ng
- School of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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