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Strecanska M, Sekelova T, Csobonyeiova M, Danisovic L, Cehakova M. Therapeutic applications of mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells preconditioned with external factors: Are there more efficient approaches to utilize their regenerative potential? Life Sci 2024; 346:122647. [PMID: 38614298 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment option for various disorders. However, the donor's age, advanced stage of disease, and prolonged in vitro expansion often diminish the innate regenerative potential of MSCs. Besides that, the absence of MSCs' comprehensive "pre-admission testing" can result in the injection of cells with reduced viability and function, which may negatively affect the overall outcome of MSC-based therapies. It is, therefore, essential to develop effective strategies to improve the impaired biological performance of MSCs. This review focuses on the comprehensive characterization of various methods of external MSCs stimulation (hypoxia, heat shock, caloric restriction, acidosis, 3D culture, and application of extracellular matrix) that augment their medicinal potential. To emphasize the significance of MSCs priming, we summarize the effects of individual and combined preconditioning approaches, highlighting their impact on MSCs' response to either physiological or pathological conditions. We further investigate the synergic action of exogenous factors to maximize MSCs' therapeutic potential. Not to omit the field of tissue engineering, the application of pretreated MSCs seeded on scaffolds is discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Strecanska
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Tatiana Sekelova
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Maria Csobonyeiova
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Michaela Cehakova
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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2
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Lim GM, Maharajan N, Cho GW. How calorie restriction slows aging: an epigenetic perspective. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:629-640. [PMID: 38456926 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Genomic instability and epigenetic alterations are some of the prominent factors affecting aging. Age-related heterochromatin loss and decreased whole-genome DNA methylation are associated with abnormal gene expression, leading to diseases and genomic instability. Modulation of these epigenetic changes is crucial for preserving genomic integrity and controlling cellular identity is important for slowing the aging process. Numerous studies have shown that caloric restriction is the gold standard for promoting longevity and healthy aging in various species ranging from rodents to primates. It can be inferred that delaying of aging through the main effector such as calorie restriction is involved in cellular identity and epigenetic modification. Thus, an understanding of aging through calorie restriction may seek a more in-depth understanding. In this review, we discuss how caloric restriction promotes longevity and healthy aging through genomic stability and epigenetic alterations. We have also highlighted how the effectors of caloric restriction are involved in modulating the chromatin-based barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Min Lim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Nagarajan Maharajan
- The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gwang-Won Cho
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- The Basic Science Institute of Chosun University, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Boccardi V, Pigliautile M, Guazzarini AG, Mecocci P. The Potential of Fasting-Mimicking Diet as a Preventive and Curative Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1133. [PMID: 37509169 PMCID: PMC10377404 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the potential of fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) in preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). FMDs are low-calorie diets that mimic the physiological and metabolic effects of fasting, including the activation of cellular stress response pathways and autophagy. Recent studies have shown that FMDs can reduce amyloid-beta accumulation, tau phosphorylation, and inflammation, as well as improve cognitive function in animal models of AD. Human studies have also reported improvements in AD biomarkers, cognitive functions, and subjective well-being measures following FMDs. However, the optimal duration and frequency of FMDs and their long-term safety and efficacy remain to be determined. Despite these uncertainties, FMDs hold promise as a non-pharmacological approach to AD prevention and treatment, and further research in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Boccardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Pigliautile
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Giulia Guazzarini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Mayor E. Neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting, calorie restriction and exercise: a review and annotated bibliography. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1161814. [PMID: 37334045 PMCID: PMC10273285 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1161814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, important progress has been achieved in the understanding of the neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting (IF), calorie restriction (CR) and exercise. Improved neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis (NSPAN) are essential examples of these neurotrophic effects. The importance in this respect of the metabolic switch from glucose to ketone bodies as cellular fuel has been highlighted. More recently, calorie restriction mimetics (CRMs; resveratrol and other polyphenols in particular) have been investigated thoroughly in relation to NSPAN. In the narrative review sections of this manuscript, recent findings on these essential functions are synthesized and the most important molecules involved are presented. The most researched signaling pathways (PI3K, Akt, mTOR, AMPK, GSK3β, ULK, MAPK, PGC-1α, NF-κB, sirtuins, Notch, Sonic hedgehog and Wnt) and processes (e.g., anti-inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis) that support or thwart neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis are then briefly presented. This provides an accessible entry point to the literature. In the annotated bibliography section of this contribution, brief summaries are provided of about 30 literature reviews relating to the neurotrophic effects of interest in relation to IF, CR, CRMs and exercise. Most of the selected reviews address these essential functions from the perspective of healthier aging (sometimes discussing epigenetic factors) and the reduction of the risk for neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease) and depression or the improvement of cognitive function.
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5
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Farahzadi R, Valipour B, Montazersaheb S, Fathi E. Targeting the stem cell niche micro-environment as therapeutic strategies in aging. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1162136. [PMID: 37274742 PMCID: PMC10235764 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1162136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells (ASCs) reside throughout the body and support various tissue. Owing to their self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential, ASCs have the potential to be used in regenerative medicine. Their survival, quiescence, and activation are influenced by specific signals within their microenvironment or niche. In better words, the stem cell function is significantly influenced by various extrinsic signals derived from the niche. The stem cell niche is a complex and dynamic network surrounding stem cells that plays a crucial role in maintaining stemness. Studies on stem cell niche have suggested that aged niche contributes to the decline in stem cell function. Notably, functional loss of stem cells is highly associated with aging and age-related disorders. The stem cell niche is comprised of complex interactions between multiple cell types. Over the years, essential aspects of the stem cell niche have been revealed, including cell-cell contact, extracellular matrix interaction, soluble signaling factors, and biochemical and biophysical signals. Any alteration in the stem cell niche causes cell damage and affects the regenerative properties of the stem cells. A pristine stem cell niche might be essential for the proper functioning of stem cells and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In this regard, niche-targeted interventions may alleviate problems associated with aging in stem cell behavior. The purpose of this perspective is to discuss recent findings in the field of stem cell aging, heterogeneity of stem cell niches, and impact of age-related changes on stem cell behavior. We further focused on how the niche affects stem cells in homeostasis, aging, and the progression of malignant diseases. Finally, we detail the therapeutic strategies for tissue repair, with a particular emphasis on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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6
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Pereira QC, dos Santos TW, Fortunato IM, Ribeiro ML. The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065508. [PMID: 36982583 PMCID: PMC10049696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process characterized mainly by a decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting in an increased risk of mortality. This process involves several changes, described as hallmarks of ageing, which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic changes, loss of proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell depletion, and altered intracellular communication. The determining role that environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle play on health, life expectancy, and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is wellestablished. In view of the growing interest in the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in the prevention of chronic diseases, several studies have been conducted, and they strongly suggest that the intake of dietary polyphenols may bring numerous benefits due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their intake has been associated with impaired ageing in humans. Polyphenol intake has been shown to be effective in ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, among other features, which contribute to an increased risk of ageing-associated diseases. This review aims to address, in a general way, the main findings described in the literature about the benefits of polyphenols in each of the hallmarks of ageing, as well as the main regulatory mechanisms responsible for the observed antiageing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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7
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Guo Z, Wang M, Ying X, Yuan J, Wang C, Zhang W, Tian S, Yan X. Caloric restriction increases the resistance of aged heart to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via modulating AMPK-SIRT 1-PGC 1a energy metabolism pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2045. [PMID: 36739302 PMCID: PMC9899227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of data suggest that caloric restriction (CR) has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) in the elderly. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we created the I/R model in vivo by ligating the mice left coronary artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion. C57BL/6J wild-type mice were randomly divided into a young group fed ad libitum (y-AL), aged fed ad libitum (a-AL) and aged calorie restriction group (a-CR, 70% diet restriction), and fed for 6 weeks. The area of myocardial infarction was measured by Evan's blue-TTC staining, plasma cholesterol content quantified by ELISA, fatty acids and glucose measured by Langendorff working system, as well as protein expression of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1a signaling pathway related factors in myocardial tissue detected by immunoblotting. Our results showed that CR significantly reduced infarct size in elderly mice after I/R injury, promoted glycolysis regardless of I/R injury, and restored myocardial glucose uptake in elderly mice. Compared with a-AL group, CR significantly promoted the expression of p-AMPK, SIRT1, p-PGC1a, and SOD2, but decreased PPARγ expression in aged mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that CR protects elderly mice from I/R injury by altering myocardial substrate energy metabolism via the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Guo
- 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Ying
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiyu Yuan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chenggang Wang
- Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shouyuan Tian
- 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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8
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Surya K, Manickam N, Jayachandran KS, Kandasamy M, Anusuyadevi M. Resveratrol Mediated Regulation of Hippocampal Neuroregenerative Plasticity via SIRT1 Pathway in Synergy with Wnt Signaling: Neurotherapeutic Implications to Mitigate Memory Loss in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S125-S140. [PMID: 36463442 PMCID: PMC10473144 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major form of dementia. Abnormal amyloidogenic event-mediated degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the cognitive centers of the brain has been attributed to neuropathological sequelae and behavioral deficits in AD. Besides, impaired adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus has experimentally been realized as an underlying cause of dementia regardless of neurodegeneration. Therefore, nourishing the neurogenic process in the hippocampus has been considered an effective therapeutic strategy to mitigate memory loss. In the physiological state, the Wnt pathway has been identified as a potent mitogenic generator in the hippocampal stem cell niche. However, downstream components of Wnt signaling have been noticed to be downregulated in AD brains. Resveratrol (RSV) is a potent Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) enhancer that facilitates neuroprotection and promotes neurogenesis in the hippocampus of the adult brain. While SIRT1 is an important positive regulator of Wnt signaling, ample reports indicate that RSV treatment strongly mediates the fate determination of stem cells through Wnt signaling. However, the possible therapeutic roles of RSV-mediated SIRT1 enhancement on the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and reversal of memory loss through the Wnt signaling pathway have not been addressed yet. Taken together, this review describes RSV-mediated effects on the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis via the activation of SIRT1 in synergy with the Wnt signaling. Further, the article emphasizes a hypothesis that RSV treatment can provoke the activation of quiescent neural stem cells and prime their neurogenic capacity in the hippocampus via Wnt signaling in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Surya
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Neuro-gerontology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nivethitha Manickam
- Department of Animal Science, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kesavan Swaminathan Jayachandran
- Department of Bioinformatics, Molecular Cardiology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahesh Kandasamy
- Department of Animal Science, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
- University Grants Commission-Faculty Recharge Programme (UGC-FRP), New Delhi, India
| | - Muthuswamy Anusuyadevi
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Neuro-gerontology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Al-Azab M, Safi M, Idiiatullina E, Al-Shaebi F, Zaky MY. Aging of mesenchymal stem cell: machinery, markers, and strategies of fighting. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:69. [PMID: 35986247 PMCID: PMC9388978 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are primary multipotent cells capable of differentiating into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes when stimulated under appropriate conditions. The role of MSCs in tissue homeostasis, aging-related diseases, and cellular therapy is clinically suggested. As aging is a universal problem that has large socioeconomic effects, an improved understanding of the concepts of aging can direct public policies that reduce its adverse impacts on the healthcare system and humanity. Several studies of aging have been carried out over several years to understand the phenomenon and different factors affecting human aging. A reduced ability of adult stem cell populations to reproduce and regenerate is one of the main contributors to the human aging process. In this context, MSCs senescence is a major challenge in front of cellular therapy advancement. Many factors, ranging from genetic and metabolic pathways to extrinsic factors through various cellular signaling pathways, are involved in regulating the mechanism of MSC senescence. To better understand and reverse cellular senescence, this review highlights the underlying mechanisms and signs of MSC cellular senescence, and discusses the strategies to combat aging and cellular senescence.
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10
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Puca F, Fedele M, Rasio D, Battista S. Role of Diet in Stem and Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158108. [PMID: 35897685 PMCID: PMC9330301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and lifestyle factors greatly affect health and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer. Stem cells’ functions, including their ability to divide asymmetrically, set the rules for tissue homeostasis, contribute to health maintenance, and represent the entry point of cancer occurrence. Stem cell properties result from the complex integration of intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic factors. In this context, diet-induced metabolic changes can have a profound impact on stem cell fate determination, lineage specification and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the multiple “non-metabolic” effects of diet on stem cell functions, including little-known effects such as those on liquid-liquid phase separation and on non-random chromosome segregation (asymmetric division). A deep understanding of the specific dietetic requirements of normal and cancer stem cells may pave the way for the development of nutrition-based targeted therapeutic approaches to improve regenerative and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Puca
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78705, USA;
- Department of Oncology, IRBM Science Park SpA, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Debora Rasio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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11
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Mi L, Hu J, Li N, Gao J, Huo R, Peng X, Zhang N, Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu R, Zhang L, Xu K. The Mechanism of Stem Cell Aging. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1281-1293. [PMID: 35000109 PMCID: PMC9033730 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. They have tissue repair capabilities and are essential for maintaining the tissue homeostasis. The depletion of stem cells is closely related to the occurrence of body aging and aging-related diseases. Therefore, revealing the molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging will set new directions for the therapeutic application of stem cells, the study of aging mechanisms, and the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases. This review comprehensively describes the molecular mechanisms related to stem cell aging and provides the basis for further investigations aimed at developing new anti-stem cell aging strategies and promoting the clinical application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Mi
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Junping Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jinfang Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Rongxiu Huo
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xinyue Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Hanxi Zhao
- Silc Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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12
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Camphorquinone Promotes the Antisenescence Effect via Activating AMPK/SIRT1 in Stem Cells and D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121916. [PMID: 34943019 PMCID: PMC8750771 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are a wide class of secondary metabolites with geroprotective properties that can alter the mechanism of aging and aging-related diseases. Camphorquinone (CQ) is a bicyclic monoterpenoid compound that can be efficiently synthesized through the continuous bromination and oxidation reaction of camphor. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CQ on oxidative-stress-induced senescence and its underlying mechanisms. To generate oxidative stress in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) and mice, we used hydrogen peroxide (200 μM twice) and D-galactose (D-Gal) (150 mg/kg for 10 weeks), respectively. Our findings suggest that CQ potentially reduces senescence in hBM-MSCs and mouse heart tissue. In addition, we found that CQ boosted AMPK/SIRT1 activation and autophagy in both models. These results were subsequently verified in hBM-MSCs using compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) but AMPK inhibition by CC did not significantly reduce the SIRT1 and the autophagy markers. CQ treatment also reduced the gene expression of inflammation markers in D-Gal-induced aging mouse heart tissue. Furthermore, we determined that CQ fits all of the pharmacological parameters using the freely available SwissADME Web tool. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CQ possesses antisenescence and cardioprotective properties, and that oxidative-stress-induced senescence could be suppressed by AMPK/SIRT1 and autophagy mechanisms.
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13
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Impact of donor nutritional balance on the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells from caprine umbilical cord Wharton´s jelly. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:169-182. [PMID: 34625865 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the umbilical cord (UC) have aroused considerable interest. However, little is known about the maternal effect on these cells. The aim of this study was to verify the impact of the nutritional status of donor goats on the growth and differentiation of MSCs from the UC. At parturition, 19 goats were grouped based on their low or high body mass index (low BMI, LBMI, n = 9; and high BMI, HBMI, n = 10). UCs were collected during delivery and Wharton's jelly (WJ) fragments cultured. WJ-MSCs were differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and the population doubling time (PDT) was determined. Samples of WJ-MSCs were also used to verify the expression of the CD90, CD73, CD34, CD45, and CD105 genes. Media used for WJ-MSC primary cultures were analyzed using near-infrared spectroscopy. The lag phase was 7.5 ± 0.6 days and the entire culture took 26.7 ± 1.3 days, with a cell proliferation rate of 8.500 cells/day. The mean PDT from subculture was 30.0 ± 0.7 h. The CD105 gene was sub-expressed in LBMI, and the spectra of the spent media from the second to fourth day of WJ-MSC primary culture were segregated into negative scores by multivariate analysis. We conclude that, in goats, the nutritional balance of the donor did not affect the in vitro growth of MSCs derived from the UC. However, the molecular profile observed in the low BMI group suggests that the use of MSCs for therapeutic purposes should be considered more carefully.
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Serra M, Marongiu F, Laconi E. Long-term moderate caloric restriction and social isolation synergize to induce anorexia-like behavior in rats. Nutrition 2021; 86:111177. [PMID: 33631619 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Moderate caloric restriction (CR) is an effective strategy to delay the onset of chronic disease states. Conversely, social isolation (SI) carries an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from several causes. The present studies were designed to investigate the long-term effect of the two combined exposures. Two-month-old male rats of the Fischer 344 strain were fed either ad libitum or under a regimen of CR, and each of the two animal sets were housed either in group or isolation. Food consumption and animal growth curves were as expected during the first 6 wk of observation. However, starting at 2 mo and continuing until the fifth month of follow up, rats exposed to both CR and SI showed signs of altered feeding behavior and were unable to complete their (already restricted) meal. Furthermore, altered behavior was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in growth rate until no further increase in body weight was observed. Restoration of group-housing conditions led to a reversal of this phenotype. We conclude that chronic moderate CR and SI synergize to induce anorexia-like behavior, representing a simple and reproducible model to study such an eating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Unit of Experimental Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Marongiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Unit of Experimental Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ezio Laconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Unit of Experimental Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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15
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Andrianova NV, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Popkov VA, Chernikov VP, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB. Resemblance and differences in dietary restriction nephroprotective mechanisms in young and old rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18693-18715. [PMID: 32970613 PMCID: PMC7585108 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is the strategy ameliorating the morbidity of various pathologies, including age-associated diseases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a problem for the elderly with DR being a promising approach for diminishing its consequences. We evaluated the possible nephroprotective potential of short-term DR in young and old rats. DR in young rats resulted in pronounced beneficial effects normalizing lipid metabolism (triglycerides concentration, adiponectin level) activating autophagic-lysosomal system evaluated by LC3II/LC3I ratio, LAMP1, p62/SQSTM1 levels, and LysoTracker Green staining. DR had a remarkable recovering effect on mitochondrial structure and functions including regaining of mitochondrial membrane potential, the elevation of SIRT-3, PGC-1α, Bcl-XL levels and partial restoration of ultrastructure. The beneficial effects of DR resulted in the mitigation of oxidative stress including a decrease in levels of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. Aging led to decreased activity of autophagy, elevated oxidative stress and impaired kidney regenerative capacity. Eventually, in old rats, even 8-week DR was not able to ameliorate AKI, but it caused some rejuvenating effects including elevation of mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-XL levels, as well as lowered severity of the oxidative stress. Thus, the age-associated decline of protective signaling demands extended DR to achieve nephroprotective potential in old animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V. Andrianova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Ljubava D. Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina B. Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vasily A. Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | | | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
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16
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Park JS, Kim YJ. Anti-Aging Effect of the Ketone Metabolite β-Hydroxybutyrate in Drosophila Intestinal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103497. [PMID: 32429095 PMCID: PMC7278929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes in tissue-resident adult stem cells may be closely linked to tissue aging and age-related diseases, such as cancer. β-Hydroxybutyrate is emerging as an important molecule for exhibiting the anti-aging effects of caloric restriction and fasting, which are generally considered to be beneficial for stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration. The effects of β-hydroxybutyrate on adult stem cells remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate whether β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation exerts beneficial effects on age-related changes in intestinal stem cells that were derived from the Drosophila midgut. Our results indicate that β-hydroxybutyrate inhibits age- and oxidative stress-induced changes in midgut intestinal stem cells, including centrosome amplification (a hallmark of cancers), hyperproliferation, and DNA damage accumulation. Additionally, β-hydroxybutyrate inhibits age- and oxidative stress-induced heterochromatin instability in enterocytes, an intestinal stem cells niche cells. Our results suggest that β-hydroxybutyrate exerts both intrinsic as well as extrinsic influence in order to maintain stem cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Sun Park
- Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-3908; Fax: +82-51-513-9258
| | - Yung-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
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17
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Zhang X, Ruan Y, Wu AK, Zaid U, Villalta JD, Wang G, Banie L, Reed-Maldonado AB, Lin G, Lue TF. Delayed Treatment With Low-intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in an Irreversible Rat Model of Stress Urinary Incontinence. Urology 2020; 141:187.e1-187.e7. [PMID: 32283169 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the outcomes and mechanisms of delayed low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) in a rat model of irreversible stress urinary incontinence (SUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: sham control, vaginal balloon dilation + β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN; SUI group), and vaginal balloon dilation + BAPN + treatment with Li-ESWT (SUI-Li-ESWT group). An irreversible SUI model was developed by inhibiting the urethral structural recovery with BAPN daily for 5 weeks. Thereafter, in the SUI-Li-ESWT group, Li-ESWT was administered twice per week for 2 weeks. After a 1-week washout, all 24 rats were evaluated with functional and histologic studies at 17 weeks of age. Endogenous progenitor cells were detected via the EdU-labeling method. RESULTS Functional analysis with leak point pressure testing showed that the SUI-Li-ESWT group had significantly higher leak point pressures compared with untreated rats. Increased urethral and vaginal smooth and striated muscle content and increased thickness of the vaginal wall were noted in the SUI-Li-ESWT group. The SUI group had significantly decreased neuronal nitric oxide /tyrosine hydroxylase positive nerves ratio in the smooth muscle layers of the urethra, while the SUI-Li-ESWT group had neuronal nitric oxide/tyrosine hydroxylase+ nerves ratio similar to that of the control group. The continuality of urothelial cell lining was also improved in the SUI-Li-ESWT group. In addition, there were significantly increased EdU-positive cells in the SUI-Li-ESWT group. CONCLUSION Li-ESWT appears to increase smooth muscle content in the urethra and the vagina, increase the thickness of urethral wall, improve striated muscle content and neuromuscular junctions, restore the integrity of the urothelium, and increase the number of EdU-retaining progenitor cells in the urethral wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alex K Wu
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Uwais Zaid
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jaqueline D Villalta
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lia Banie
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Amanda B Reed-Maldonado
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Guiting Lin
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Tom F Lue
- Department of Urology, Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
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Aging and Caloric Restriction Modulate the DNA Methylation Profile of the Ribosomal RNA Locus in Human and Rat Liver. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020277. [PMID: 31973116 PMCID: PMC7070571 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing amount of evidence suggests that the downregulation of protein synthesis is an adaptive response during physiological aging, which positively contributes to longevity and can be modulated by nutritional interventions like caloric restriction (CR). The expression of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is one of the main determinants of translational rate, and epigenetic modifications finely contribute to its regulation. Previous reports suggest that hypermethylation of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus occurs with aging, although with some species- and tissue- specificity. In the present study, we experimentally measured DNA methylation of three regions (the promoter, the 5′ of the 18S and the 5′ of 28S sequences) in the rDNA locus in liver tissues from rats at two, four, 10, and 18 months. We confirm previous findings, showing age-related hypermethylation, and describe, for the first time, that this gain in methylation also occurs in human hepatocytes. Furthermore, we show that age-related hypermethylation is enhanced in livers of rat upon CR at two and 10 months, and that at two months a trend towards the reduction of rRNA expression occurs. Collectively, our results suggest that CR modulates age-related regulation of methylation at the rDNA locus, thus providing an epigenetic readout of the pro-longevity effects of CR.
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