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Xiong Y, Lu G, Li H, He J, Fan S, Yan S, Zhang L, Jia H, Li M. Integrating QTL mapping and transcriptomics to decipher the genetic architecture of sterol metabolism in Brassica napus L. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae196. [PMID: 39257541 PMCID: PMC11384122 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Sterols are secondary metabolites commonly found in rapeseed that play crucial physiological roles in plants and also benefit human health. Consequently, unraveling the genetic basis of sterol synthesis in rapeseed is highly important. In this study, 21 individual sterols as well as total sterol (TS) content were detected in a double haploid (DH) population of Brassica napus, and a total of 24 quantitative trait loci (QTL) and 157 mQTL were identified that were associated with TS and different individual sterols. Time-series transcriptomic analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in sterol and lipid biosynthesis pathways were enriched. Additionally, a regulatory network between sterol-related DEGs and transcription factors (TFs) was established using coexpression analysis. Some candidate genes were identified with the integration of transcriptomic analysis and QTL mapping, and the key candidate gene BnSQS1.C03 was selected for further functional analysis. BnSQS1.C03 demonstrated squalene synthase activity in vitro and increased the TS by 3.8% when overexpressed in Arabidopsis. The present results provide new insights into sterol regulatory pathways and a valuable genetic basis for breeding rapeseed varieties with high sterol content in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Kechuang 1st Road, Maonan District, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shipeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xudong 2nd Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoxiong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
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2
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Yao M, He D, Li W, Xiong X, He X, Liu Z, Guan C, Qian L. Identification of environment-insensitive genes for oil content by combination of transcriptome and genome-wide association analysis in rapeseed. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:29. [PMID: 38383469 PMCID: PMC10882896 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary objective of rapeseed breeding is to enhance oil content, which is predominantly influenced by environmental factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of these environmental factors on oil accumulation remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, we used transcriptome data from two higher (HOC) and two lower oil content (LOC) inbred lines at 35 days after pollination (DAP) to investigate genes exhibiting stable expression across three different environments. Meanwhile, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was utilized to detect candidate genes exhibiting significant associations with seed oil content across three distinct environments. RESULTS The study found a total of 405 stable differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 25 involved in lipid/fatty acid metabolism and 14 classified as transcription factors. Among these genes, BnBZIP10-A09, BnMYB61-A06, BnAPA1-A08, BnPAS2-A10, BnLCAT3-C05 and BnKASIII-C09 were also found to exhibit significant associations with oil content across multiple different environments based on GWAS of 50 re-sequenced semi-winter rapeseed inbred lines and previously reported intervals. Otherwise, we revealed the presence of additive effects among BnBZIP10-A09, BnKASIII-C09, BnPAS2-A10 and BnAPA1-A08, resulting in a significant increase in seed oil content. Meanwhile, the majority of these stable DEGs are interconnected either directly or indirectly through co-expression network analysis, thereby giving rise to an elaborate molecular network implicated in the potential regulation of seed oil accumulation and stability. CONCLUSIONS The combination of transcription and GWAS revealed that natural variation in six environment-insensitive gene regions exhibited significant correlations with seed oil content phenotypes. These results provide important molecular marker information for us to further improve oil content accumulation and stability in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dan He
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xinghua Xiong
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xin He
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhongsong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lunwen Qian
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China.
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3
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Castellaneta A, Losito I, Leoni B, Renna M, Mininni C, Santamaria P, Calvano CD, Cataldi TRI, Liebisch G, Matysik S. A targeted GC-MS/MS approach for the determination of eight sterols in microgreen and mature plant material. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 232:106361. [PMID: 37419395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, a remarkable number of scientific studies supported the correlation between an adequate dietary intake of phytosterols (PS) and the reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. PS are known to inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, thus promoting the reduction of the low-density lipoproteins (LDL) amount in the bloodstream. Despite the fact that a non-negligible atherogenicity was recognized to PS, thus requiring a careful risk-benefits assessment for plant sterol supplementation, the potential role of PS as cholesterol-lowering agents has been contributing to the spreading awareness of the health benefits associated with the consumption of plant-based foods. In recent years, this has been fueling the market of innovative vegetable products, such as microgreens. Surprisingly, the recent literature concerning microgreens exhibited the lack of studies focusing on the characterization of PS. To fill this gap, a validated analytical method based on the hyphenation of gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry is proposed here for the quantitative analysis of eight phytosterols, namely β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol, isofucosterol, and cholesterol, lathosterol and lanosterol. The method was exploited for the characterization of the PS content in 10 microgreen crops, i.e., chia, flax, soybean, sunflower, rapeseed, garden cress, catalogna chicory, endive, kale and broccoli raab. Finally, these results were compared to the PS content of mature forms of kale and broccoli raab. A remarkable amount of PS was detected in chia, flax, rapeseed, garden cress, kale, and broccoli raab microgreens. 100 g (wet weight) of these microgreen crops were found to contain from 20 to 30 mg of the investigated PS. Interestingly, in the case of kale and broccoli raab microgreens, the overall PS content was higher than the one measured in the edible parts of the corresponding mature forms. Additionally, a symmetric change of the PS inner profile was observed between the two growth stages of the latter two crops. Here, the overall decrease of the PS sterol content in the mature forms was associated with the increase of the relative amount of β-sitosterol and campesterol at the expense of minor PS species, such as brassicasterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Castellaneta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - I Losito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - B Leoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M Renna
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - C Mininni
- Ortogourmet Società Agricola S.r.l., S.C. 14 Madonna delle Grazie, 74014 Laterza, Italy
| | - P Santamaria
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - C D Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - T R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G Liebisch
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Matysik
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Bilgrami S, Darzi Ramandi H, Farokhzadeh S, Rousseau-Gueutin M, Sobhani Najafabadi A, Ghaderian M, Huang P, Liu L. Meta-analysis of seed weight QTLome using a consensus and highly dense genetic map in Brassica napus L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:161. [PMID: 37354229 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We report here the discovery of high-confidence MQTL regions and of putative candidate genes associated with seed weight in B. napus using a highly dense consensus genetic map and by comparing various large-scale multiomics datasets. Seed weight (SW) is a direct determinant of seed yield in Brassica napus and is controlled by many loci. To unravel the main genomic regions associated with this complex trait, we used 13 available genetic maps to construct a consensus and highly dense map, comprising 40,401 polymorphic markers and 9191 genetic bins, harboring a cumulative length of 3047.8 cM. Then, we performed a meta-analysis using 639 projected SW quantitative trait loci (QTLs) obtained from studies conducted since 1999, enabling the identification of 57 meta-QTLS (MQTLs). The confidence intervals of our MQTLs were 9.8 and 4.3 times lower than the average CIs of the original QTLs for the A and C subgenomes, respectively, resulting in the detection of some key genes and several putative novel candidate genes associated with SW. By comparing the genes identified in MQTL intervals with multiomics datasets and coexpression analyses of common genes, we defined a more reliable and shorter list of putative candidate genes potentially involved in the regulation of seed maturation and SW. As an example, we provide a list of promising genes with high expression levels in seeds and embryos (e.g., BnaA03g04230D, BnaC03g08840D, BnaA10g29580D and BnaA03g27410D) that can be more finely studied through functional genetics experiments or that may be useful for MQTL-assisted breeding for SW. The high-density genetic consensus map and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) physical map generated from the latest B. napus cv. Darmor-bzh v10 assembly will be a valuable resource for further mapping and map-based cloning of other important traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayedehsaba Bilgrami
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hadi Darzi Ramandi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Sara Farokhzadeh
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Sobhani Najafabadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran - Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghaderian
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Pu Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Liezhao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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5
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Sabbahi R, Azzaoui K, Rhazi L, Ayerdi-Gotor A, Aussenac T, Depeint F, Taleb M, Hammouti B. Factors Affecting the Quality of Canola Grains and Their Implications for Grain-Based Foods. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112219. [PMID: 37297464 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Canola, Brassica napus L., is a major oilseed crop that has various uses in the food, feed, and industrial sectors. It is one of the most widely produced and consumed oilseeds in the world because of its high oil content and favorable fatty acid composition. Canola grains and their derived products, such as canola oil, meal, flour, and bakery products, have a high potential for food applications as they offer various nutritional and functional benefits. However, they are affected by various factors during the production cycle, post-harvest processing, and storage. These factors may compromise their quality and quantity by affecting their chemical composition, physical properties, functional characteristics, and sensory attributes. Therefore, it is important to optimize the production and processing methods of canola grains and their derived products to ensure their safety, stability, and suitability for different food applications. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of how these factors affect the quality of canola grains and their derived products. The review also suggests future research needs and challenges for enhancing canola quality and its utilization in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Sabbahi
- Laboratory of Development and Valorization of Resources in Desert Zones, Higher School of Technology, Ibn Zohr University, Quartier 25 Mars, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Khalil Azzaoui
- Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Larbi Rhazi
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Alicia Ayerdi-Gotor
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, AGHYLE, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Thierry Aussenac
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Flore Depeint
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Mustapha Taleb
- Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Belkheir Hammouti
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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6
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Guo L, Chao H, Yin Y, Li H, Wang H, Zhao W, Hou D, Zhang L, Zhang C, Li M. New insight into the genetic basis of oil content based on noninvasive three-dimensional phenotyping and tissue-specific transcriptome in Brassica napus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:88. [PMID: 37221547 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing seed oil content is the most important breeding goal in Brassica napus, and phenotyping is crucial to dissect its genetic basis in crops. To date, QTL mapping for oil content has been based on whole seeds, and the lipid distribution is far from uniform in different tissues of seeds in B. napus. In this case, the phenotype based on whole seeds was unable to sufficiently reveal the complex genetic characteristics of seed oil content. RESULTS Here, the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of lipid was determined for B. napus seeds by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D quantitative analysis, and ten novel oil content-related traits were obtained by subdividing the seeds. Based on a high-density genetic linkage map, 35 QTLs were identified for 4 tissues, the outer cotyledon (OC), inner cotyledon (IC), radicle (R) and seed coat (SC), which explained up to 13.76% of the phenotypic variation. Notably, 14 tissue-specific QTLs were reported for the first time, 7 of which were novel. Moreover, haplotype analysis showed that the favorable alleles for different seed tissues exhibited cumulative effects on oil content. Furthermore, tissue-specific transcriptomes revealed that more active energy and pyruvate metabolism influenced carbon flow in the IC, OC and R than in the SC at the early and middle seed development stages, thus affecting the distribution difference in oil content. Combining tissue-specific QTL mapping and transcriptomics, 86 important candidate genes associated with lipid metabolism were identified that underlie 19 unique QTLs, including the fatty acid synthesis rate-limiting enzyme-related gene CAC2, in the QTLs for OC and IC. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides further insight into the genetic basis of seed oil content at the tissue-specific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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7
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Bootter MB, Li J, Zhou W, Edwards D, Batley J. Diversity of Phytosterols in Leaves of Wild Brassicaceae Species as Compared to Brassica napus Cultivars: Potential Traits for Insect Resistance and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091866. [PMID: 37176924 PMCID: PMC10180710 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytosterols are natural compounds found in all higher plants that have a wide variety of roles in plant growth regulation and stress tolerance. The phytosterol composition can also influence the development and reproductive rate of strict herbivorous insects and other important agronomic traits such as temperature and drought tolerance in plants. In this study, we analysed the phytosterol composition in 18 Brassica napus (Rapeseed/canola) cultivars and 20 accessions belonging to 10 related wild Brassicaceae species to explore diverse and novel phytosterol profiles. Plants were grown in a controlled phytotron environment and their phytosterols were analysed using a saponification extraction method followed by GC-MS from the leaf samples. The B. napus cultivars showed slight diversity in eight phytosterols (>0.02%) due to the genotypic effect, whereas the wild accessions showed significant variability in their phytosterol profiles. Of interest, a number of wild accessions were found with high levels of campesterol (HIN20, HIN23, HUN27, HIN30, SARS2, and UPM6563), stigmasterol (UPM6813, UPM6563, ALBA17, and ALBA2), and isofucosterol (SARS12, SAR6, and DMU2). These changes in individual phytosterols, or ratios of phytosterols, can have a significant implication in plant tolerance to abiotic stress and plant insect resistance properties, which can be used in breeding for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Wenxu Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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8
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Raboanatahiry N, Chao H, He J, Li H, Yin Y, Li M. Construction of a Quantitative Genomic Map, Identification and Expression Analysis of Candidate Genes for Agronomic and Disease-Related Traits in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862363. [PMID: 35360294 PMCID: PMC8963808 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed is the second most important oil crop in the world. Improving seed yield and seed oil content are the two main highlights of the research. Unfortunately, rapeseed development is frequently affected by different diseases. Extensive research has been made through many years to develop elite cultivars with high oil, high yield, and/or disease resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis has been one of the most important strategies in the genetic deciphering of agronomic characteristics. To comprehend the distribution of these QTLs and to uncover the key regions that could simultaneously control multiple traits, 4,555 QTLs that have been identified during the last 25 years were aligned in one unique map, and a quantitative genomic map which involved 128 traits from 79 populations developed in 12 countries was constructed. The present study revealed 517 regions of overlapping QTLs which harbored 2,744 candidate genes and might affect multiple traits, simultaneously. They could be selected to customize super-rapeseed cultivars. The gene ontology and the interaction network of those candidates revealed genes that highly interacted with the other genes and might have a strong influence on them. The expression and structure of these candidate genes were compared in eight rapeseed accessions and revealed genes of similar structures which were expressed differently. The present study enriches our knowledge of rapeseed genome characteristics and diversity, and it also provided indications for rapeseed molecular breeding improvement in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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9
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Heiden RW, Schober S, Mittelbach M. Solubility limitations of residual steryl glucosides, saturated monoglycerides and glycerol in commercial biodiesel fuels as determinants of filter blockages. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Heiden
- R. W. Heiden Associates LLC, Laboratory/Greenfield Corporate Center Lancaster Pennsylvania USA
| | - Sigurd Schober
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz—NAWI Graz Graz Austria
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10
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Breeding Canola ( Brassica napus L.) for Protein in Feed and Food. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102220. [PMID: 34686029 PMCID: PMC8539702 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interest in canola (Brassica napus L.). In response to this interest, scientists have been tasked with altering and optimizing the protein production chain to ensure canola proteins are safe for consumption and economical to produce. Specifically, the role of plant breeders in developing suitable varieties with the necessary protein profiles is crucial to this interdisciplinary endeavour. In this article, we aim to provide an overarching review of the canola protein chain from the perspective of a plant breeder, spanning from the genetic regulation of seed storage proteins in the crop to advancements of novel breeding technologies and their application in improving protein quality in canola. A review on the current uses of canola meal in animal husbandry is presented to underscore potential limitations for the consumption of canola meal in mammals. General discussions on the allergenic potential of canola proteins and the regulation of novel food products are provided to highlight some of the challenges that will be encountered on the road to commercialization and general acceptance of canola protein as a dietary protein source.
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11
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Rahman H, Kebede B. Mapping of seed quality traits in the C genome of Brassica napus by using a population carrying genome content of B. oleracea and their effect on other traits. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20078. [PMID: 33818008 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing seed oil and protein contents and reducing the content of seed glucosinolates (GSLs) in Brassica oilseed crops are important objectives in breeding. By using an oilseed rape (B. napus L.) doubled-haploid (DH) population carrying genome content introgressed from Chinese kale (B. oleracea L.), we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these seed quality traits and investigated their effect on other traits including seed yield. A stable QTL for seed oil content was identified on chromosome C5 at 40-42 Mb position and a QTL for seed GSL content was identified on C9 at 7-8 Mb position. The C5 and C9 QTL alleles for high oil and GSL contents were derived from Chinese kale, demonstrating that high-oil QTL allele can be found in the parental species of oilseed rape. The low-GSL QTL allele of C9 exerted a significant positive effect on seed protein content, demonstrating that selection for this QTL allele contributed to higher protein content in canola seed. These two QTL were not affected by field environmental conditions and did not exert a significant effect on days to flowering and seed yield. Thus, the genomic regions and the molecular markers identified in this study should be useful in molecular breeding of the seed quality traits in oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Berisso Kebede
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
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12
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Yao M, Guan M, Yang Q, Huang L, Xiong X, Jan HU, Voss-Fels KP, Werner CR, He X, Qian W, Snowdon RJ, Guan C, Hua W, Qian L. Regional association analysis coupled with transcriptome analyses reveal candidate genes affecting seed oil accumulation in Brassica napus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1545-1555. [PMID: 33677638 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regional association analysis of 50 re-sequenced Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions in combination with co-expression analysis reveal candidate genes affecting oil accumulation in Brassica napus. One of the breeding goals in rapeseed production is to enhance the seed oil content to cater to the increased demand for vegetable oils due to a growing global population. To investigate the genetic basis of variation in seed oil content, we used 60 K Brassica Infinium SNP array along with phenotype data of 203 Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions to perform a genome-wide analysis of haplotype blocks associated with the oil content. Nine haplotype regions harbouring lipid synthesis/transport-, carbohydrate metabolism- and photosynthesis-related genes were identified as significantly associated with the oil content and were mapped to chromosomes A02, A04, A05, A07, C03, C04, C05, C08 and C09, respectively. Regional association analysis of 50 re-sequenced Chinese semi-winter rapeseed accessions combined with transcriptome datasets from 13 accessions was further performed on these nine haplotype regions. This revealed natural variation in the BnTGD3-A02 and BnSSE1-A05 gene regions correlated with the phenotypic variation of the oil content within the A02 and A04 chromosome haplotype regions, respectively. Moreover, co-expression network analysis revealed that BnTGD3-A02 and BnSSE1-A05 were directly linked with fatty acid beta-oxidation-related gene BnKAT2-C04, thus forming a molecular network involved in the potential regulation of seed oil accumulation. The results of this study could be used to combine favourable haplotype alleles for further improvement of the seed oil content in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Luyao Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xinghua Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Habib U Jan
- Molecular Biology, Department of Pathology, MTI-LRH, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Kai P Voss-Fels
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Christian R Werner
- The Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Research Centre Midlothian, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Xin He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Qian
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rod J Snowdon
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chunyun Guan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Lunwen Qian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Liu J, Zhu XY, Deng LB, Liu HF, Li J, Zhou XR, Wang HZ, Hua W. Nitric oxide affects seed oil accumulation and fatty acid composition through protein S-nitrosation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:385-397. [PMID: 33045083 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule regulating several plant developmental and stress responses. Here, we report that NO plays an important role in seed oil content and fatty acid composition. RNAi silencing of Arabidopsis S-nitrosoglutathione reductase 1 (GSNOR1) led to reduced seed oil content. In contrast, nitrate reductase double mutant nia1nia2 had increased seed oil content, compared with wild-type plants. Moreover, the concentrations of palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3) were higher, whereas those of stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and arachidonic acid (C20:1) were lower, in seeds of GSNOR1 RNAi lines. Similar results were obtained with rapeseed embryos cultured in vitro with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and the NO inhibitor NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME). Compared with non-treated embryos, the oil content decreased in SNP-treated embryos, and increased in L-NAME-treated embryos. Relative concentrations of C16:0, C18:2 and C18:3 were higher, whereas C18:1 concentration decreased in rapeseed embryos treated with SNP. Proteomics and transcriptome analysis revealed that three S-nitrosated proteins and some key genes involved in oil synthesis, were differentially regulated in SNP-treated embryos. Therefore, regulating NO content could be a novel approach to increasing seed oil content in cultivated oil crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Zhu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Bin Deng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Fang Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Rong Zhou
- Agriculture and Food Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Han-Zhong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Effect of Sowing Dates on Fatty Acids and Phytosterols Patterns of Carthamus tinctorius L. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Field experiments were carried out at the Regional Centre of Experimentation in Organic agriculture at Auch (near Toulouse, South west of France). Due to the high potential applications for its oil components such as fatty acids and phytosterols, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is considered as an emerging crop. Safflower plants, as many other oil crops, are submitted to environmental stresses that modify seed composition. Nevertheless, few reports are available about the effects of environmental conditions on fatty acid and phytosterol compositions in safflower. Different rainfall supplies can be managed by delaying the sowing dates. In this study, fatty acid and phytosterol contents have been evaluated in safflower seeds cultivated at two sowing dates (conventional and late) that led to a differential of rainfall during seed development. At harvest, seeds were used for oil extraction. Fatty acid composition was performed by using GC-FID. A set of seeds was dehulled to separate the almond (embryo) and hull to release the extraction and measurement of sterol contents in the two compartments by GC-FID. A delay of sowing increased the content of all sterol categories but induced a significant decrease in fatty acids. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids increased under a delaying sowing. The repartition of phytosterols was ¾ and ¼ of total sterols in the embryo and the hull, respectively. These results could make the use of hull (considered as waste) possible, help breeders to improve safflower oil composition and develop new industrial applications.
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15
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Mapping QTL controlling agronomic traits in a doubled haploid population of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-1044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Fattahi F, Fakheri BA, Solouki M, Möllers C, Rezaizad A. Mapping QTL controlling agronomic traits in a doubled haploid population of winter oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.). J Genet 2018; 97:1389-1406. [PMID: 30555087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Identification of superior alleles for agronomic traits in genetic resources of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) would be useful for improving the performance of locally adapted cultivars in Iran. The objective of the present work was to analyse the genetic variation and inheritance of important agronomic traits in a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between two German oilseed rape cultivars, Sansibar and Oase. Field experiments were performed in 2016-2017 with 200 doubled haploid lines and the parental genotypes applying an alpha-lattice design with two replicates. Phenological traits were recorded during the cultivation period and at maturity, seed yield, yield components and seed quality traits were determined. Significant genetic variation was found in most of the traits and heritabilities ranged from medium (48.5%) for days to end of flowering to high (92.6%) for oil content. A molecular marker linkage map was used to map 36 QTL for different traits on 17 linkage groups. Between three and four QTL were identified for each seed yield, seed weight, oil and protein content. Some of the plant material and positive QTL alleles identified for agronomic traits may be useful for improving those characters in locally adapted cultivars in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Fattahi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran.
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17
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Behnke N, Suprianto E, Möllers C. A major QTL on chromosome C05 significantly reduces acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and increases seed oil and protein content in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:2477-2492. [PMID: 30143828 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A reduction in acid detergent lignin content in oilseed rape resulted in an increase in seed oil and protein content. Worldwide increasing demand for vegetable oil and protein requires continuous breeding efforts to enhance the yield of oil and protein crop species. The oil-extracted meal of oilseed rape is currently mainly used for feeding livestock, but efforts are undertaken to use the oilseed rape protein in food production. One limiting factor is the high lignin content of black-seeded oilseed rape that negatively affects digestibility and sensory quality of food products compared to soybean. Breeding attempts to develop yellow seeded oilseed rape with reduced lignin content have not yet resulted in competitive cultivars. The objective of this work was to investigate the inheritance of seed quality in a DH population derived from the cross of the high oil lines SGDH14 and cv. Express. The DH population of 139 lines was tested in field experiments in 14 environments in north-west Europe. Seeds harvested from open pollinated plants were used for extensive seed quality analysis. A molecular marker map based on the Illumina Infinium 60 K Brassica SNP chip was used to map QTL. Amongst others, one major QTL for acid detergent lignin content, explaining 81% of the phenotypic variance, was identified on chromosome C05. Lines with reduced lignin content nevertheless did not show a yellowish appearance, but showed a reduced seed hull content. The position of the QTL co-located with QTL for oil and protein content of the defatted meal with opposite additive effects, suggesting that the reduction in lignin content resulted in an increase in oil and protein content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Behnke
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edy Suprianto
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Möllers
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 8, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Phytosterols and their derivatives: Structural diversity, distribution, metabolism, analysis, and health-promoting uses. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:35-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Guan M, Huang X, Xiao Z, Jia L, Wang S, Zhu M, Qiao C, Wei L, Xu X, Liang Y, Wang R, Lu K, Li J, Qu C. Association Mapping Analysis of Fatty Acid Content in Different Ecotypic Rapeseed Using mrMLM. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1872. [PMID: 30662447 PMCID: PMC6328494 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus L. is a widely cultivated oil crop and provides important resources of edible vegetable oil, and its quality is determined by fatty acid composition and content. To explain the genetic basis and identify more minor loci for fatty acid content, the multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model (mrMLM) was used to identify genomic regions associated with fatty acid content in a genetically diverse population of 435 rapeseed accessions, including 77 winter-type, 55 spring-type, and 303 semi-winter-type accessions grown in different environments. A total of 149 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were found to be associated with fatty acid content and composition, including 34 QTNs that overlapped with the previously reported loci, and 115 novel QTNs. Of these, 35 novel QTNs, located on chromosome A01, A02, A03, A05, A06, A09, A10, and C02, respectively, were repeatedly detected across different environments. Subsequently, we annotated 95 putative candidate genes by BlastP analysis using sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana homologs of the identified regions. The candidate genes included 34 environmentally-insensitive genes (e.g., CER4, DGK2, KCS17, KCS18, MYB4, and TT16) and 61 environment-sensitive genes (e.g., FAB1, FAD6, FAD7, KCR1, KCS9, KCS12, and TT1) as well as genes invloved in the fatty acid biosynthesis. Among these, BnaA08g08280D and BnaC03g60080D differed in genomic sequence between the high- and low-oleic acid lines, and might thus be the novel alleles regulating oleic acid content. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis of these genes showed differential expression levels during seed development. Our results highlight the practical and scientific value of mrMLM or QTN detection and the accuracy of linking specific QTNs to fatty acid content, and suggest a useful strategy to improve the fatty acid content of B. napus seeds by molecular marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Guan
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongchun Xiao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ledong Jia
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meichen Zhu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cailin Qiao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiana Li
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cunmin Qu
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Gacek K, Bartkowiak-Broda I, Batley J. Genetic and Molecular Regulation of Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs) to Improve Protein Nutritional Value of Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.) Seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:890. [PMID: 30013586 PMCID: PMC6036235 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The world-wide demand for additional protein sources for human nutrition and animal feed keeps rising due to rapidly growing world population. Oilseed rape is a second important oil producing crop and the by-product of the oil production is a protein rich meal. The protein in rapeseed meal finds its application in animal feed and various industrial purposes, but its improvement is of great interest, especially for non-ruminants and poultry feed. To be able to manipulate the quality and quantity of seed protein in oilseed rape, understanding genetic architecture of seed storage protein (SSPs) synthesis and accumulation in this crop species is of great interest. For this, application of modern molecular breeding tools such as whole genome sequencing, genotyping, association mapping, and genome editing methods implemented in oilseed rape seed protein improvement would be of great interest. This review examines current knowledge and opportunities to manipulate of SSPs in oilseed rape to improve its quality, quantity and digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gacek
- Oilseed Crops Research Centre, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Bartkowiak-Broda
- Oilseed Crops Research Centre, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jacqueline Batley,
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Gachumi G, El-Aneed A. Mass Spectrometric Approaches for the Analysis of Phytosterols in Biological Samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10141-10156. [PMID: 29058915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant sterols (phytosterols) are important structural components of plant cellular membranes, and they play a major role during development and metabolism. They have health-associated benefits, especially in lowering blood cholesterol levels. Because of their many health claims, there is a growing interest in their analysis. Although various analytical strategies have been employed in analyzing phytosterols, chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (MS) is superior due to its sensitivity. Furthermore, specificity and selectivity are enhanced by utilizing tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). This article reviews the various mass spectrometric strategies used for the analysis of phytosterols. It highlights the applications and limitations associated with each MS strategy in various sample matrixes such as plant, human, animal, food, and dietary supplements. GC-MS was historically the method of choice for analysis; however, the derivatization step rendered it tedious and time-consuming. On the other hand, liquid chromatography coupled to MS (LC-MS) simplifies the analysis. Many ionization techniques have been used, namely, electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). APCI showed superiority in terms of ion intensity and consistency in ion formation, primarily forming [M + H - H2O]+ ions rather than [M + H]+. In addition, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) as well as ambient mass spectrometry such as direct analysis in real time (DART) have also been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gachumi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada , S7N 5E5
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada , S7N 5E5
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Raboanatahiry N, Chao H, Guo L, Gan J, Xiang J, Yan M, Zhang L, Yu L, Li M. Synteny analysis of genes and distribution of loci controlling oil content and fatty acid profile based on QTL alignment map in Brassica napus. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:776. [PMID: 29025408 PMCID: PMC5639739 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deciphering the genetic architecture of a species is a good way to understand its evolutionary history, but also to tailor its profile for breeding elite cultivars with desirable traits. Aligning QTLs from diverse population in one map and utilizing it for comparison, but also as a basis for multiple analyses assure a stronger evidence to understand the genetic system related to a given phenotype. Results In this study, 439 genes involved in fatty acid (FA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) biosyntheses were identified in Brassica napus. B. napus genome showed mixed gene loss and insertion compared to B. rapa and B. oleracea, and C genome had more inserted genes. Identified QTLs for oil (OC-QTLs) and fatty acids (FA-QTLs) from nine reported populations were projected on the physical map of the reference genome “Darmor-bzh” to generate a map. Thus, 335 FA-QTLs and OC-QTLs could be highlighted and 82 QTLs were overlapping. Chromosome C3 contained 22 overlapping QTLs with all trait studied except for C18:3. In total, 218 candidate genes which were potentially involved in FA and TAG were identified in 162 QTLs confidence intervals and some of them might affect many traits. Also, 76 among these candidate genes were found inside 57 overlapping QTLs, and candidate genes for oil content were in majority (61/76 genes). Then, sixteen genes were found in overlapping QTLs involving three populations, and the remaining 60 genes were found in overlapping QTLs of two populations. Interaction network and pathway analysis of these candidate genes indicated ten genes that might have strong influence over the other genes that control fatty acids and oil formation. Conclusion The present results provided new information for genetic basis of FA and TAG formation in B. napus. A map including QTLs from numerous populations was built, which could serve as reference to study the genome profile of B. napus, and new potential genes emerged which might affect seed oil. New useful tracks were showed for the selection of population or/and selection of interesting genes for breeding improvement purpose. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4176-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China
| | - Jianping Gan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China
| | - Mingli Yan
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China.
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Longjiang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 435599, China.
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23
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Chao H, Wang H, Wang X, Guo L, Gu J, Zhao W, Li B, Chen D, Raboanatahiry N, Li M. Genetic dissection of seed oil and protein content and identification of networks associated with oil content in Brassica napus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46295. [PMID: 28393910 PMCID: PMC5385559 DOI: 10.1038/srep46295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density linkage maps can improve the precision of QTL localization. A high-density SNP-based linkage map containing 3207 markers covering 3072.7 cM of the Brassica napus genome was constructed in the KenC-8 × N53-2 (KNDH) population. A total of 67 and 38 QTLs for seed oil and protein content were identified with an average confidence interval of 5.26 and 4.38 cM, which could explain up to 22.24% and 27.48% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Thirty-eight associated genomic regions from BSA overlapped with and/or narrowed the SOC-QTLs, further confirming the QTL mapping results based on the high-density linkage map. Potential candidates related to acyl-lipid and seed storage underlying SOC and SPC, respectively, were identified and analyzed, among which six were checked and showed expression differences between the two parents during different embryonic developmental periods. A large primary carbohydrate pathway based on potential candidates underlying SOC- and SPC-QTLs, and interaction networks based on potential candidates underlying SOC-QTLs, was constructed to dissect the complex mechanism based on metabolic and gene regulatory features, respectively. Accurate QTL mapping and potential candidates identified based on high-density linkage map and BSA analyses provide new insights into the complex genetic mechanism of oil and protein accumulation in the seeds of rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Liangxing Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianwei Gu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Rapeseed Branch of National Centre for Oil Crops Genetic Improvement, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dengyan Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Nadia Raboanatahiry
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China
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Sun F, Liu J, Hua W, Sun X, Wang X, Wang H. Identification of stable QTLs for seed oil content by combined linkage and association mapping in Brassica napus. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 252:388-399. [PMID: 27717475 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seed oil content is an important agricultural trait in rapeseed breeding. Although numerous quantitative trait locus (QTL) have been identified, most of them cannot be applied in practical breeding mainly due to environmental instability or large confidence intervals. The purpose of this study was to identify and validate high quality and more stable QTLs by combining linkage mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS). For linkage mapping, we constructed two F2 populations from crosses of high-oil content (∼50%) lines 6F313 and 61616 with a low-oil content (∼40%) line 51070. Two high density linkage maps spanned 1987cM (1659 bins) and 1856cM (1746 bins), respectively. For GWAS, we developed more than 34,000 high-quality SNP markers based on 227 accessions. Finally, 40 QTLs and 29 associations were established by linkage and association mapping in different environments. After merging the results, 32 consensus QTLs were obtained and 7 of them were identified by both mapping methods. Seven overlapping QTLs covered an average confidence interval of 183kb and explained the phenotypic variation of 10.23 to 24.45%. We further developed allele-specific PCR primers to identify each of the seven QTLs. These stable QTLs should be useful in gene cloning and practical breeding application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Xingchao Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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