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Rolfzen ML, Nagele P, Conway C, Gibbons R, Bartels K. Management of Depression and Anxiety in Perioperative Medicine. Anesthesiology 2024; 141:765-778. [PMID: 39136627 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000005076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
This Clinical Focus Review summarizes contemporary best practices, recent clinically relevant research, and pertinent unanswered questions related to perioperative screening and treatment of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Rolfzen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Peter Nagele
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charles Conway
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert Gibbons
- Center for Health Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karsten Bartels
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Reiner A, Steinhoff P. The association of social networks and depression in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2024; 13:161. [PMID: 38902787 PMCID: PMC11188217 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Depression is a globally prevalent mental condition, particularly among older adults. Previous research has identified that social networks have a buffering effect on depression. Existing systematic reviews have either limited their research to specific geographic areas or provided evidence from over a decade ago. The vast body of recent literature particularly from the last decade emphasizes the need for a comprehensive review. This systematic review aims to analyze the association of structural aspects of social networks and depression in older adults. METHODS The electronic databases APA PsycINFO, ProQuest, PSYINDEX, PubMed, Scopus, SocINDEX, and Web of Science were searched from date of data base inception until 11 July 2023. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on community-dwelling older adults (defined as a mean age of at least 60 years old), had an acceptable definition for depression, referred to the term social network in the abstract, and were published in English. Quality was appraised using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Outcome data were extracted independently from each study and analyzed by direction of the relationship, social network domain and cross-sectional or longitudinal study design. RESULTS In total, 127 studies were included. The study categorizes structural network aspects into seven domains and finds that larger and more diverse networks, along with closer social ties, help mitigate depression. The literature on the relationships between depression and network density, homogeneity, and geographical proximity is scarce and inconclusive. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Despite inconsistent findings, this review highlights the importance of quantifying complex social relations of older adults. Limitations of this review include publication and language bias as well as the exclusion of qualitative research. Further research should use longitudinal approaches to further investigate the reciprocal relationship between social networks and depression. Following this review, interventions should promote the integration of older adults in larger and more diverse social settings. Other: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Grant [454899704]. This systematic review was pre-registered. The review-protocol can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6QDPK .
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Reiner
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Paula Steinhoff
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany
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Vasiliadis HM, Spagnolo J, Bartram M, Fleury MJ, Gouin JP, Grenier S, Roberge P, Shen-Tu G, Vena JE, Lamoureux-Lamarche C, Wang J. Factors associated with change in moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety and depression in community-living adults and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2024; 115:230-243. [PMID: 38117417 PMCID: PMC11006639 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few are the longitudinal studies on the changes in moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety or depression (MSS-ANXDEP) from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. The aim was to study the change in MSS-ANXDEP and associated sociodemographic, economic, psychosocial, health behaviour and lifestyle, and clinical factors. METHODS The current sample includes 59,997 adults aged ≥ 35 years participating in the 2018 and 2020 health surveys of the 5 established cohorts of the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (CanPath). MSS-ANXDEP was based on a cutoff score ≥ 10 on the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Change in MSS-ANXDEP was categorized as follows: no MSS-ANXDEP, remitted, incident, and persistent. Multinomial regressions were used to study MSS-ANXDEP as a function of sociodemographic, economic, psychosocial, health behaviours and lifestyle, and clinical factors. RESULTS Sociodemographic and economic (i.e. age, gender, cohort, race/ethnicity, lower income, decreased in income, work status, being an essential worker), lifestyle and health behaviours (i.e. smoking, cannabis and alcohol use, drinking more alcohol), psychosocial (i.e. provide help to others, information and instrumental support, and change in relationships with friends, family, and partner) and clinical factors (i.e. lifetime mental disorder and multimorbidity) were associated with remitted, incident, and persistent MSS-ANXDEP. CONCLUSION Health and socio-economic factors were associated with changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression during the pandemic, further increasing inequities in mental health needs. Public health campaigns on the importance of healthy behaviours should continue and health policies should reduce economic and social barriers to integrated substance use and mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jessica Spagnolo
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
| | - Mary Bartram
- Mental Health Commission of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Public Policy & Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Québec, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gouin
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Grenier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pasquale Roberge
- Département de médecine familiale et d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Grace Shen-Tu
- Alberta's Tomorrow Project, Cancer Research & Analytics, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Vena
- Alberta's Tomorrow Project, Cancer Research & Analytics, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine Lamoureux-Lamarche
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
| | - JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Ahmad S, Jafree SR. Influence of gender identity on the adoption of religious-spiritual, preventive and emotion-focused coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Ann Med 2023; 55:2291464. [PMID: 38105479 PMCID: PMC10732200 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2291464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academic research has highlighted the gendered impacts and amplifications of gender disparities of COVID-19. Traditionally, Pakistan is a patriarchal society, where it is a parenthood norm to socialize specific gender social roles. OBJECTIVES The current research asserts that these normative gender roles may influence individuals throughout their life course, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study explored the influence of gender identity in adopting different coping strategies such as religious-spiritual, preventive, emotion-focused and non-constructive coping against the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Due to the lockdown in various areas of Pakistan, data were collected through an online questionnaire using Qualtrics. In a cross-sectional study, 955 respondents completed responses. Factors analysis and reliability analysis were run to ensure the scales' reliability, validity and robustness for different coping strategies. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to find model fitness. CONCLUSIONS For theoretical explanation, the current study used social role theory that argues that each gender benefits differently from distinct coping behaviours. The findings highlighted that women were more likely to adopt most coping strategies, with the most significant difference in religious-spiritual coping and preventative coping strategies even in the presence of control variables such as level of education, household monthly income, family structure, marital status and family size. There was no gender difference in adopting non-constructive strategies. The empirical evidence suggested that females might be at an increased risk of stress due to the burden of unbalanced household-based social norms and care responsibilities. The current research also expanded the base of coping to religious-spiritual coping, emotion-focused coping and non-constructive coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Sara Rizvi Jafree
- Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College University (FCCU), Lahore, Pakistan
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