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Murata K, Sakakida T, Kawabata S, Yokoyama M, Morishita Y, Kita S, Kubota K, Kano T, Kojima T, Terada H, Takasu C, Kanemura N. The effect of orthosis management on joint instability in knee joint disease: A systematic review. Prosthet Orthot Int 2024; 48:400-411. [PMID: 37708343 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Joint instability is a common finding of clinical importance in patients with knee disease. This literature review aimed to examine the evidence regarding the effect of orthosis management on joint instability in knee joint disease. METHODS The detailed protocol for this study was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews in the field of health and social welfare (CRD 42022335360). A literature search was conducted on May 2023, using the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore. A secondary search was manually conducted using Google Scholar to address publication bias. Each database search strategy was described, and the search was conducted by independent reviewers. RESULTS A total of 281 studies were retrieved, 11 articles were included in the systematic review. Of the 11 articles selected, the number of included diseases was 2 for osteoarthritis, 7 for anterior cruciate ligament injuries, and 3 for posterior cruciate ligament injuries. In result, orthosis management may improve self-reported instability and functional assessment in patients with osteoarthritis, anterior cruciate ligament injury, and posterior cruciate ligament injury. However, an objective evaluation of anatomical instability did not indicate an improvement in joint instability. CONCLUSION The effects of orthosis management on knee instability might improve physical function and self-reported instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Murata
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takuma Sakakida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Izumi Rehabilitation Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sora Kawabata
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Moeka Yokoyama
- Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Morishita
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kita
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kubota
- Research Development Center, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takuma Kano
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takuma Kojima
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Terada
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Takasu
- Department of Health and Social Services, Health and Social Services, Graduate School of Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naohiko Kanemura
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
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Herring SA, Kibler WB, Putukian M, Boyajian-O'Neill LA, Chang CJ, Franks RR, Hutchinson M, Indelicato PA, O'Connor FG, Powell A, Roach R, Safran M, Statuta SM, Sutton K. Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:385-401. [PMID: 37847756 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training, and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician. Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury-A Team Physician Consensus Statement is title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference, an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this document is to help the team physician improve the care and treatment of the athlete by understanding the initial assessment and management of selected musculoskeletal injuries.
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Herring SA, Kibler WB, Putukian M, Boyajian-O'Neill LA, Chang CJ, Franks RR, Hutchinson M, Indelicato PA, O'Connor FG, Powell A, Roach R, Safran M, Statuta SM, Sutton K. Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement. Curr Sports Med Rep 2024; 23:86-104. [PMID: 38437494 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training, and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician. Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury-A Team Physician Consensus Statement is title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference, an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this document is to help the team physician improve the care and treatment of the athlete by understanding the initial assessment and management of selected musculoskeletal injuries.
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Hellberg C, Kostogiannis I, Stylianides A, Neuman P. Outcomes >30 Years After Initial Nonoperative Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:320-329. [PMID: 38193189 PMCID: PMC10838478 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231214423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear how anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) affects the development of osteoarthritis (OA). This uncertainty is partly caused by the lack of long-term studies on ACL injuries treated primarily without reconstruction and the underreporting of symptomatic OA. PURPOSE To determine (1) the knee function, symptoms, and activity level, as well as the presence of radiographic and symptomatic OA; (2) how these clinical outcomes have changed over time; and (3) the frequency of subsequent knee surgeries after the index ACL injury in a cohort of patients with ACL injuries treated primarily without reconstruction. STUDY DESIGN Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS A total of 100 patients underwent initial nonoperative treatment >30 years ago (mean, 33.2 ± 1.4 years). Of these, 81 patients (mean age, 59 ± 8 years) completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, and Tegner Activity Scale. Seventy-three patients underwent radiography to evaluate tibiofemoral and patellofemoral OA in the ACL-injured knee. Patients only underwent late ACLR if they experienced insufficient knee stability. RESULTS At 33 years after the ACL injury, the KOOS Activities of Daily Living subscore was better than population-based reference values, but scores were similar for the remaining KOOS subscales. Furthermore, 65% of patients had a good or excellent Lysholm score (≥84 points). The Tegner score decreased 4 points from before the injury to 33-year follow-up (P < .001). Most patients (75%) had evidence of radiographic tibiofemoral and/or patellofemoral OA, but only 38% were classified as having symptomatic OA (defined as radiographic OA in combination with a symptomatic knee according to cutoffs on the KOOS). Approximately 50% underwent meniscal surgery, and 29% subsequently underwent ACLR for recurrent instability. There were 2 patients who underwent total knee replacement. CONCLUSION Despite a high prevalence of radiographic OA, patients achieved acceptable subjective knee function and had a relatively low prevalence of symptomatic OA at >30 years after an ACL injury when an initial nonoperative treatment strategy was employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Hellberg
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Kostogiannis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexandros Stylianides
- Musculoskeletal Radiology Section, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul Neuman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Liukkonen R, Vaajala M, Mattila VM, Reito A. Prevalence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury remains high despite advances in surgical techniques. Bone Joint J 2023; 105-B:1140-1148. [PMID: 37907079 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.105b11.bjj-2023-0058.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to report the pooled prevalence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and examine whether the risk of developing PTOA after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has decreased in recent decades. Methods The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from 1 January 1980 to 11 May 2022. Patient series, observational studies, and clinical trials having reported the prevalence of radiologically confirmed PTOA after ACL injury, with at least a ten-year follow-up, were included. All studies were analyzed simultaneously, and separate analyses of the operative and nonoperative knees were performed. The prevalence of PTOA was calculated separately for each study, and pooled prevalence was reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using either a fixed or random effects model. To examine the effect of the year of injury on the prevalence, a logit transformed meta-regression analysis was used with a maximum-likelihood estimator. Results from meta-regression analyses were reported with the unstandardized coefficient (β). Results The pooled prevalence of PTOA was 37.9% (95% CI 32.1 to 44) for operatively treated ACL injuries with a median follow-up of 14.6 years (interquartile range (IQR) 10.6 to 16.7). For nonoperatively treated ACL injuries, the prevalence was 40.5% (95% CI 28.9 to 53.3), with a median of follow-up of 15 years (IQR 11.7 to 20.0). The association between the year of operation and the prevalence of PTOA was weak and imprecise and not related to the choice of treatment (operative β -0.038 (95% CI -0.076 to 0.000) and nonoperative β -0.011 (95% CI -0.101 to 0.079)). Conclusion The initial injury, irrespective of management, has, by the balance of probability, resulted in PTOA within 20 years. In addition, the prevalence of PTOA has only slightly decreased during past decades. Therefore, further research is warranted to develop strategies to prevent the development of PTOA after ACL injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Liukkonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matias Vaajala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ville M Mattila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aleksi Reito
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Helito CP, Silva AGMD, Giglio PN, Pádua VBCD, Pécora JR, Gobbi RG. Risk Factors for Symptomatic Cyclops Lesion Formation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Rev Bras Ortop 2023; 58:e760-e765. [PMID: 37908522 PMCID: PMC10615601 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the incidence of symptomatic cyclops lesions requiring surgical treatment after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to establish possible intraoperative risk factors related to it. Methods Three hundred and eighty-nine patients aged between 18 and 50 years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of symptomatic cyclops lesions, and their characteristics were compared. Patients with associated lesions that required additional surgical procedures (except anterolateral extra-articular procedures) were not included. The rate of symptomatic cyclops lesions was recorded and the following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, time from injury to surgery, graft type and diameter, femoral tunnel perforation technique, fixation type, presence of knee hyperextension, preservation of the ACL remnant, associated anterolateral extra-articular procedure, associated meniscal injury and participation in sports. Results 389 patients were evaluated and 26 (6.7%) patients developed cyclops. The patients with and without cyclops lesions did not differ in age, time from injury to surgery, graft type or diameter, surgical technique, femoral fixation method, presence of knee hyperextension, remnant preservation and associated meniscal injury. The group with cyclops lesion had a higher proportion of females (10 (38.4%) vs 68 (18.7%); OR = 2.7; p = 0.015), higher proportion of extra-articular reconstruction (18 (11.8%) vs 8 (3.4%); OR = 3.8; p = 0.001) and higher proportion of sports practice (23 (8.6%) vs 3 (2.5%); OR = 3.6; p = 0.026). Conclusion In our series, 6.7% of the patients required arthroscopic removal of cyclops lesions. Female gender, associated extra-articular reconstruction and sports practice were factors related to this lesion. Remnant preservation had no relationship with cyclops lesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Partezani Helito
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Andre Giardino Moreira da Silva
- Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Pedro Nogueira Giglio
- Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - José Ricardo Pécora
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Riccardo Gomes Gobbi
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Klausner F, Csapo R, Gonaus C, Gföller P, Hoser C, Braun S, Abermann E, Fink C. [Importance and application of injury prevention in Austrian football - a survey among 687 coaches]. SPORTVERLETZUNG SPORTSCHADEN : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT FUR ORTHOPADISCH-TRAUMATOLOGISCHE SPORTMEDIZIN 2023; 37:37-44. [PMID: 36878219 DOI: 10.1055/a-1920-5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world but associated with a high risk of injury. For this reason, the study of the etiology of injuries is of great interest and numerous prevention programs have been developed in recent years. Since these prevention programs must be embedded into training routine, trainers are primarily responsible for their implementation. The present study aimed to survey Austrian soccer coaches engaged in professional, amateur or youth teams with respect to their opinions on injuries as well as the application of respective prevention programs. METHODS An online questionnaire was developed and sent to all coaches registered in the Austrian Football Association.In addition to personal data, the trainers' attitudes to the subject of injury prevention were also asked. It was also asked which preventive measures the trainers consider important and which they also use in their training and to what extent. RESULTS A total of 687 trainers took part in the survey. 2,3%, 37,5% and 43,6% of trainers were engaged in professional, amateur and youth clubs, respectively. The rest gave no information. The majority of respondents (56%) considered injuries a major concern in soccer. Inadequate fitness (75,7%) as well as insufficient preparation (60,7%) and poor regeneration (59,2%) were seen as the greatest risk factors for injuries. Appropriate warm-up (66,8%), regeneration (59,4%) and core stabilization training (58,2%) were considered the most effective preventative measures. More than 50% of the participants were not familiar with any of the most widely applied injury prevention programs, and only 15.4% actually implemented those programs in their training.The substantial interest in injury prevention notwithstanding, the respective standard of knowledge amongst Austrian coaches is poor. In light of the high prevalence of injuries, it is most important to inform trainers about injury prevention programs and possibilities to implement them in training practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Klausner
- Sportwissenschaften, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence Innsbruck/Austria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private Iniversity for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria, Hall in Tirol, AUSTRIA
| | - Christoph Gonaus
- Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg: Universitat Salzburg, Hallein/Rif, AUSTRIA
| | - Peter Gföller
- Gelenkpunkt - Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
| | - Christian Hoser
- Gelenkpunkt - Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck/Asutria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
| | - Sepp Braun
- Gelenkpunkt - Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck/Austria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
| | - Elisabeth Abermann
- Gelenkpunkt - Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck/Asutria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
| | - Christian Fink
- Gelenkpunkt - Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck/Asutria, Innsbruck, AUSTRIA
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Turati M, Caliandro M, Gaddi D, Piatti M, Rigamonti L, Zanchi N, Di Benedetto P, Boerci L, Catalano M, Zatti G, Ollivier M, Bigoni M. Clinical outcomes and complications after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone in patient Tanner 3 and 4: a systematic review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2022:10.1007/s00590-022-03402-z. [PMID: 36307618 PMCID: PMC10368545 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-022-03402-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical outcomes and potential complications associated with Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone (BPTB) graft in skeletally immature ACL reconstruction (ACLR) are poorly defined. Considering that in Tanner 1-2 patients this kind of graft is not recommended, we focused our systematic review on the evaluation of all the studies in the literature that reported clinical outcomes and rate of complications of the ACLR using BPTB graft in Tanner 3-4 patients. METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Scopus were examined from 1965 to 2020 using different combinations of the following keywords: "ACL reconstruction", "skeletally immature", "young", "patellar tendon" and "BPTB". The database search yielded 742 studies, on which we performed a primary evaluation. After carrying out a full-text evaluation for the inclusion criteria, 4 studies were included in the final review and assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Ninety-six cases with mean age of 14.2 years were reported. RESULTS Good stability and functional outcomes were reported with a mean follow-up of 49.5 months. Return to sport rate ranged from 91.7% to 100%. A KT-1000 side-to-side difference higher than 5 mm was observed in five patients (5.2%). No lower limb length discrepancy and angulation were reported. Graft rupture rate was 5.2%. CONCLUSION According to these results, BTPB graft could be a good choice in Tanner 3-4 patients who want to achieve their preinjury sport level with a low risk of growth disturbances and graft failure. Further investigations in a wider population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Turati
- Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy.
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France.
- Department of Paediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Couple Enfants, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marco Caliandro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
| | - Diego Gaddi
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Policlinico San Pietro Hospital, Ponte San Pietro, Bg, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Piatti
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Policlinico San Pietro Hospital, Ponte San Pietro, Bg, Italy
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nicolò Zanchi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Paolo Di Benedetto
- Medical Department (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Clinic of Orthopaedics, Friuli Centrale Healthcare and University Trust (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Linda Boerci
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
| | - Marcello Catalano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Clinica Ars Medica, Gravesano, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Zatti
- Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Ollivier
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, St. Marguerite Hospital, APHM, CNRS, ISM, Institute of Movement and Locomotion, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Marco Bigoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
- Transalpine Center of Pediatric Sports Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca - Hospital Couple Enfant, Monza (Italy), Grenoble, France
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Policlinico San Pietro Hospital, Ponte San Pietro, Bg, Italy
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Ding DY, Tucker LY, Rugg CM. Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Treated Nonoperatively Versus With Reconstruction: Risk of Subsequent Surgery. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:652-661. [PMID: 34994581 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211066940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears can be devastating injuries, leading to joint instability, meniscal tears, and subsequent arthritis. It is unknown whether ACL reconstruction (ACLR) alters the natural history of joint degeneration in the ACL-deficient knee compared with nonoperative treatment, and few studies have examined outcomes in middle-aged patients. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to compare the midterm risk of subsequent ipsilateral knee surgery in middle-aged patients after an ACL injury treated with initial conservative (nonoperative) management (CM) versus ACLR (operative management [OM]) within 6 months of the diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS We performed an electronic database search from 2011 to 2012 for all patients aged 35 to 55 years with an initial diagnosis of magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed ACL tear. Patients who elected CM and those who underwent ACLR within 6 months of the diagnosis (OM) were identified. Index patient and clinical characteristics were collected from the health record. All patients were longitudinally observed until August 31, 2017. The primary outcome was subsequent ipsilateral knee surgeries, and secondary outcomes included contralateral knee surgeries, deep surgical-site infections, and venous thrombotic events. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 4.8 ± 0.6 years. The CM group included 463 patients (40.2%) and the OM group included 690 patients (59.8%). The mean ages were 43.9 ± 5.7 years and 42.7 ± 5.3 years for patients in the CM and OM groups, respectively (P < .001). Obesity and smoking were significantly more common in the CM group. During the follow-up, 180 patients (38.9%) in the CM group underwent subsequent ipsilateral knee surgery compared with 73 (10.6%) patients in the OM group (P < .001). The mean time to the first ipsilateral procedure was 0.9 ± 1.1 years in the CM and 2 ± 1.5 years in the OM group (P < .001). Delayed ipsilateral ACLRs were performed in 81 patients in the CM group (17.5%); non-ACLR ipsilateral knee surgeries were performed in 156 patients in the CM group (33.7%). Contralateral knee surgery rates were similar. In a regression model, after controlling for age, sex, the Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and smoking status, it was found that normal body mass index and CM group were risk factors for undergoing subsequent knee surgery or ipsilateral non-ACLR surgery. CONCLUSION Excluding delayed ACLR, subsequent ipsilateral knee surgeries were more common and occurred earlier in middle-aged patients with nonoperatively managed ACL tears compared with patients managed with reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lue-Yen Tucker
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
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van der Graaff SJA, Meuffels DE, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, van Es EM, Verhaar JAN, Eggerding V, Reijman M. Why, When, and in Which Patients Nonoperative Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Fails: An Exploratory Analysis of the COMPARE Trial. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:645-651. [PMID: 35048733 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211068532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal treatment strategy for patients with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is still under debate. Different determinants of the need for a reconstruction have not been thoroughly investigated before. PURPOSE To investigate why, when, and which patients with an ACL rupture who initially started with rehabilitation therapy required reconstructive surgery. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS In the Conservative versus Operative Methods for Patients with ACL Rupture Evaluation (COMPARE) trial, 167 patients with an ACL rupture were randomized to early ACL reconstruction or rehabilitation therapy plus optional delayed ACL reconstruction. We conducted an exploratory analysis of a subgroup of 82 patients from this trial who were randomized to rehabilitation therapy plus optional delayed ACL reconstruction. The reasons for surgery were registered for the patients who underwent a delayed ACL reconstruction. For these patients, we used the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee form, Numeric Rating Scale for pain, and instability question from the Lysholm questionnaire before surgery. To determine between-group differences between the nonoperative treatment and delayed ACL reconstruction group, IKDC and pain scores during follow-up were determined using mixed models and adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index. RESULTS During the 2-year follow-up of the trial, 41 of the 82 patients received a delayed ACL reconstruction after a median time of 6.4 months after inclusion (interquartile range, 3.9-10.3 months). Most reconstructions occurred between 3 and 6 months after inclusion (n = 17; 41.5%). Ninety percent of the patients (n = 37) reported knee instability concerns as a reason for surgery at the moment of planning surgery. Of these patients, 18 had an IKDC score ≤60, 29 had a pain score of ≥3, and 33 patients had knee instability concerns according to the Lysholm questionnaire before surgery. During follow-up, IKDC scores were lower and pain scores were higher in the delayed reconstruction group compared with the nonoperative treatment group. Patients in the delayed reconstruction group had a significantly younger age (27.4 vs 35.3 years; P = .001) and higher preinjury activity level compared with patients in the nonoperative treatment group. CONCLUSION Patients who experienced instability concerns, had pain during activity, and had a low perception of their knee function had unsuccessful nonoperative treatment. Most patients received a delayed ACL reconstruction after 3 to 6 months of rehabilitation therapy. At baseline, patients who required reconstructive surgery had a younger age and higher preinjury activity level compared with patients who did not undergo reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine J A van der Graaff
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Duncan E Meuffels
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eline M van Es
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A N Verhaar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Eggerding
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Reijman
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Melbye P, Gundtoft P, Lien-Iversen T, Barklin Morgan D, Pörneki JC, Viberg B. Secondary surgeries 20 years after surgical and non-surgical treatment of ACL rupture: A population-based cohort study. Knee 2022; 35:1-7. [PMID: 35144195 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies with less than 10 years of follow-up have demonstrated no difference between surgical and non-surgical treatment after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture; however, long-term effects remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of long-term secondary surgical procedures after primary surgical and non-surgical treatment for ACL ruptures. METHODS Patients aged 18-35, registered in the Danish National Patient Registry with an ACL rupture between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2000 with a minimum of 20 years follow-up were included. The surgically treated group was defined as receiving an ACL reconstruction within 1 year after diagnosis. Major secondary surgical procedures were defined as subsequent ACL surgeries (reconstruction/revision), arthroplasty, deep infection, arthrodesis, or amputation. Minor secondary surgical procedures were defined as meniscal surgery, synovectomy, and manipulation under anesthesia (MUA). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to assess relative risk (RR), adjusted for age and sex. The results are reported with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS 7,539 patients had an ACL rupture; 1,970 patients were surgically treated. In the surgically treated group, 5.9% of patients underwent major secondary surgeries; this was 6.1% in the non-surgically treated group, yielding an adjusted RR of 1.05 (0.85;1.30). There were 43.9% minor secondary surgeries in the surgically treated group and 49.1% in the non-surgically treated group, yielding an adjusted RR of 1.29 (1.20;1.39). CONCLUSIONS No significant differences in the rate of major secondary surgical procedures between the groups, the non-surgical group was associated with a higher risk of minor secondary surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Melbye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark.
| | - Per Gundtoft
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Teodor Lien-Iversen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Daniel Barklin Morgan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Jens Christian Pörneki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Viberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
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12
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Otero K, Congiusta D, Galdi B. Is Insurance Status Associated With Likelihood of Operative ACL Injury Treatment Compared With Nonoperative Treatment? Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221084296. [PMID: 35387361 PMCID: PMC8977718 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221084296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: While many factors inform the choice of operative versus nonoperative
treatment of injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee,
socioeconomic status influences this decision, as has been reported with
other procedures. Purpose: To identify any associations between insurance status and likelihood of
operative treatment of ACL injuries. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried using
International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision
codes for ACL injuries and reconstruction from 2001 to 2013. Chi-square
analysis was performed to determine significant predictors of operative
intervention. Binary logistic regression was used to account for demographic
and significant predictor variables. Results were recorded as odds ratios
(ORs) and 95% CIs. Significance was defined as P <
.05. Results: A total of 32,541 patients with ACL injuries were included in the final
analysis. Overall incidence of surgical reconstruction was 85.4% (n =
27,805). Multivariable regression revealed that nonprivate insurance types
were associated with lower likelihoods of operative reconstruction compared
with private insurance: the lowest likelihood of operation was seen in
uninsured patients (OR, 0.31; P < .01), followed by
Medicare (OR, 0.33; P < .01) and Medicaid (OR, 0.51;
P < .01) patients. There was also a decreased
likelihood of surgery for elderly (OR, 0.0 [for age ≥75 years];
P < .01) and Black patients (OR, 0.65;
P < .01). An increased likelihood of surgery was
seen with female patients (OR, 1.14; P < .01). Patients
in the highest median household income quartile were more likely to undergo
surgery than those in the lowest (OR, 1.36; P <
.01). Conclusion: Compared with privately insured patients, patients with nonprivate insurance
had lower likelihood of surgery. Furthermore, patients in higher income
quartiles were more likely to undergo operative fixation. These findings may
suggest a need for more precise treatment guidelines and studies that
investigate causes of such differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Otero
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dominick Congiusta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Balazs Galdi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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13
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Current trends in the anterior cruciate ligament part II: evaluation, surgical technique, prevention, and rehabilitation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:34-51. [PMID: 34865182 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clinical evaluation and management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most widely researched topics in orthopedic sports medicine, giving providers ample data on which to base their practices. The ACL is also the most commonly treated knee ligament. This study reports on current topics and research in clinical management of ACL injury, starting with evaluation, operative versus nonoperative management, and considerations in unique populations. Discussion of graft selection and associated procedures follows. Areas of uncertainty, rehabilitation, and prevention are the final topics before a reflection on the current state of ACL research and clinical management of ACL injury. Level of evidence V.
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14
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Patients Aged 50 Years and Older Have Greater Complication Rates After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Large Database Study. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2021; 3:e1827-e1834. [PMID: 34977637 PMCID: PMC8689249 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the use of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in older adults and to compare postoperative complication and revision surgery rates between patients older than and younger than 50 years old. Methods Retrospective data were obtained using the PearlDiver database for patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction from January 2010 to December 2017. Trends in the annual performance of ACL reconstruction were determined using nonparametric test of trends of ranks. Patients in each age group were matched based on sex and the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The incidence of postoperative complications within 90 days and subsequent knee surgery within 2 years of ACL reconstruction was collected. Postoperative complication rates were compared between matched age groups using the χ2 test. Results A total of 20,993 patients aged 50 years and older and 154,817 patients younger than 50 years underwent ACL reconstruction between 2010 and 2017. The use of ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years or older decreased over time (P = .044). Patients aged 50 years or older were more likely to experience at least 1 postoperative complication within 90 days compared to patients younger than 50 years (2.5% vs 2.1%, P = .007). Older patients were 1.3 times as likely to experience deep vein thrombosis (P = .002) and 1.8 times as likely to experience pulmonary embolism (P < .001). Younger patients were more likely to undergo subsequent ACL reconstruction and experience knee pain, stiffness, and wound infection postoperatively (P < .001, P < .001, P = .041). 1.6% of patients aged 50 years or older underwent total knee arthroplasty within 2 years. Conclusions ACL reconstruction in patients aged 50 years or older is associated with greater complication rates but lower rates of subsequent knee surgery relative to patients younger than 50 years of age. Younger patients were more prone to surgical complications whereas older patients experienced more medical complications. The increased incidence of VTE in this population suggests that thrombotic prophylaxis may be considered. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective comparative observational trial.
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15
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Zacharias AJ, Whitaker JR, Collofello BS, Wilson BR, Unger RZ, Ireland ML, Johnson DL, Jacobs CA. Secondary Injuries After Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review With Quantitative Analysis. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1086-1093. [PMID: 32809855 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520934774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the skeletally mature anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction population, patients aged <25 years are at significantly increased risk of graft failure and injury to the contralateral ACL. Skeletal immaturity often affects graft selection and reconstruction technique. PURPOSE To examine the incidence of ipsilateral graft failure and contralateral ACL injury in the skeletally immature patient population. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we reviewed all literature that involved ACL reconstruction performed on skeletally immature patients between May 1976 and May 2019. Patient demographics, surgical technique, and the prevalence of ipsilateral graft failure or subsequent contralateral ACL injury were recorded. Ipsilateral, contralateral, and secondary ACL injuries were then compared between sexes via chi-square tests. RESULTS A total of 24 articles (1254 children; 1258 knees) met inclusion criteria for analysis. Ipsilateral graft failures occurred in 105 of 1258 patients (8.3%), and there were no statistically significant sex differences in the prevalence of graft failures (female, 9.7%; male patients, 7.1%; P = .14). The prevalence of contralateral ACL injury was significantly greater in female (29/129; 22.5%) than male (18/206; 8.7%; P = .0004) patients in the 9 studies that reported contralateral injury. Skeletally immature female patients were at significantly increased risk of contralateral ACL injury (odds ratio = 3.0; P = .0006) when compared with their male counterparts. CONCLUSION In the literature to date, 1 in 3 female skeletally immature patients experienced an ipsilateral graft failure or contralateral ACL injury. Regardless of sex, the 24% prevalence of secondary injury after pediatric ACL reconstruction is almost identical to previously published secondary injury rates in skeletally mature patients <25 years old. As such, skeletal maturity alone does not seem to be a determinant of secondary injury; however, there is a clear need to improve postoperative rehabilitation, activity progression, and return-to-play testing to allow a safe return to sports that protects the long-term health of the reconstructed and contralateral limbs, especially for female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Zacharias
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - John R Whitaker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Brandon S Collofello
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Benjamin R Wilson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - R Zackary Unger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mary Lloyd Ireland
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Darren L Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Cale A Jacobs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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16
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Complex patellofemoral reconstruction leads to improved physical and sexual activity in female patients suffering from chronic patellofemoral instability. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:3017-3024. [PMID: 33119832 PMCID: PMC8384801 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze postoperative physical and sexual activity as well as Quality of Life (QoL) after complex patellofemoral reconstructions in female patients suffering from chronic patellofemoral instability (PFI). METHODS Female patients aged > 18 years undergoing complex patellofemoral reconstruction for chronic PFI were included. Complex patellofemoral reconstruction was defined as medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFL-R) combined with at least one major bony procedure (distal femoral osteotomy, high tibial osteotomy, and trochleoplasty). Outcome was evaluated retrospectively after a minimum follow-up of 12 months using Tegner activity scale, Banff Patellofemoral Instability Instrument 2.0 (BPII 2.0), EuroQol-5D-3L (EQ-5D-3L), EuroQol Visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and a questionnaire about sexual activity. RESULTS A total of 34 females (mean age, 26 ± 5 years) with a mean follow-up of 45 ± 16 months were included. Seventy-seven percent had one major bony correction + MPFL-R and 24% had at least two major bony corrections + MPFL-R. The re-dislocation rate was 6%. Median Tegner activity scale improved from 3 (range 0-10) to 4 (range 2-6) (n.s.) and an improved activity level was observed in 49% of subjects. QoL scores showed an EQ-5D-3L Index Value of 0.89 ± 0.15, EQ-VAS of 80.3 ± 11.4, and BPII of 68.3 ± 19.1. Thirty-four percent of patients reported restrictions of sexual activities due to PFI preoperatively with an improved sexual function observed in 60% postoperatively due to less pain, improved mobility, and less apprehension. Postoperative return to sexual activity was 91%, whereof 19% reported current restrictions of sexual function because of pain and/or limited range of motion. CONCLUSION Despite the complexity and invasiveness of complex patellofemoral reconstruction, combined bony procedures and MPFL-R resulted in a low redislocation rate, improved physical activity and QoL comparable to values reported after isolated MPFL-R. Furthermore, sexual activity was improved in 60% of females with preoperative restrictions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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17
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Park KB, Cho SD, Youm YS, Yang DG, Chung HY. Does posterior tibial slope affect the results of conservative treatment for anterior cruciate ligament tears? INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 44:1321-1324. [PMID: 32483677 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between posterior tibial slope (PTS) and the short-term results of conservative treatment for the patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. METHODS Thirty-seven patients (37 knees: male 33, female 4) who were managed with the same treatment protocols for ACL tears were included. All patients applied ACL brace and underwent standardized rehabilitation protocol. Group A consisted of 14 patients with successful results after conservative management and group B consisted of 23 patients who received operative treatments due to failed conservative management. For each group, a plain radiograph was used to measure the PTS. The demographic data of patients and differences of PTS between each group were analyzed. RESULTS The mean age was 33.2 years in group A and 29.7 years in group B, respectively (p = 0.8). There was no significant difference between each group in terms of gender, body mass index, and injury mechanism. There was no significant difference between each group in the classification according to the isolated or combined injury (p = 0.83). The mean PTS was 8.3° in group A and 10.2° in group B. The mean PTS in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The patients with successful results after conservative management had a lower mean PTS than those with failed conservative treatment (8.3° vs. 10.2°, p = 0.03). The failure of conservative treatment after ACL tear was found to be associated with increased PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Bong Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Sung Do Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dongcheondongkang Hospital, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Youm
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seongnam Citizens Medical Center, 10, Sujeong-ro 171beon-gil, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13290, South Korea.
| | - Doo Guen Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Hee Yoon Chung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
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Curado J, Hulet C, Hardy P, Jenny JY, Rousseau R, Lucet A, Steltzlen C, Morin V, Grimaud O, Bouguennec N, Pujol N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N. Very long-term osteoarthritis rate after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: 182 cases with 22-year' follow-up. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020; 106:459-463. [PMID: 32019734 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few data are available on the 20-year outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis at least 20 years after ACL reconstruction. HYPOTHESIS Factors associated with progression to knee osteoarthritis include meniscal lesions, level of physical activity, injury-to-surgery time, body mass index, residual laxity, tunnel position and cartilage injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and eighty two patients were included in a multicentre retrospective study conducted in the setting of a SoFCOT symposium. Females contributed two-thirds of the study population. ACL reconstruction was performed arthroscopically in 82% of cases, and a bone-patellar tendon-bone transplant was used in 92.8% of cases. Mean age at surgery was 26±7years. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on the objective and subjective IKDC scores and on the KOOS. Radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis was classified according to the IKDC. Factors evaluated for their ability to predict progression to osteoarthritis included age, sex, body mass index, level of physical activity, injury-to-surgery time, meniscectomy, cartilage injury, tunnel position and residual laxity. RESULTS At last follow-up, the objective IKDC score was A (normal) for 48%, B for 35%, and C or D for 17% of the knees. The mean subjective IKDC score was 82.7±13.1. Moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis was present in 29% of cases. The following risk factors for osteoarthritis were identified: medial or lateral meniscectomy, residual laxity, age >30years at surgery, and engaging in a pivoting sport. Meniscectomy was a major contributor to the development of osteoarthritis (17% of knees without vs. 46% with meniscectomy). Finally, the ACL re-tear rate was 13%. CONCLUSION ACL reconstruction provides satisfactory knee stability. The risk of subsequent osteoarthritis depends chiefly on the status of the menisci. Residual laxity is also associated with the development of osteoarthritis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Curado
- Département de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France.
| | - Christophe Hulet
- Département de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France; Unité Inserm U1075 Comète, PFRS-université de Caen, 2, rue des Rochambelles, 14032 Caen cedex 5, France.
| | - Philippe Hardy
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Yves Jenny
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 10, avenue Achille-Baumann, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Romain Rousseau
- Institut de l'appareil locomoteur Nollet, 23, rue Brochant, 75017 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Lucet
- Département de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France
| | - Camille Steltzlen
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, centre hospitalier de Versailles André-Mignot, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Vincent Morin
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU de Grenoble hôpital Sud, avenue de Kimberley, 38130 Échirolles, France
| | - Olivier Grimaud
- Clinique du sport, 36, boulevard Saint-Marcel, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Bouguennec
- CCOS et clinique du sport de Bordeaux Mérignac, 2, avenue Georges-de-Negrevergne, 33700 Mérignac, France
| | - Nicolas Pujol
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, centre hospitalier de Versailles André-Mignot, 177, rue de Versailles, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | | | - Nicolas Graveleau
- CCOS et clinique du sport de Bordeaux Mérignac, 2, avenue Georges-de-Negrevergne, 33700 Mérignac, France
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- 56, rue Boissonade, 75014 Paris, France
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von Essen C, Eriksson K, Barenius B. Acute ACL reconstruction shows superior clinical results and can be performed safely without an increased risk of developing arthrofibrosis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:2036-2043. [PMID: 31559463 PMCID: PMC7347704 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare acute ACL reconstruction (ACLR) within 8 days of injury with delayed reconstruction after normalized range of motion (ROM), 6-10 weeks after injury. It was hypothesized that acute ACL reconstruction with modern techniques is safe and can be beneficial in terms of patient-reported outcomes and range of motion. METHODS The effect of acute and delayed ACLR was randomized studied on 70 patients with high recreational activity level, Tegner level 6 or more, between 2006 and 2013. Patient-reported outcomes, objective IKDC, KOOS, and manual stability measurements were documented during the 24-month follow-up period. RESULTS The acute ACLR group did not result in increased stiffness and showed superior outcome regarding strength and how the patient felt their knee functioning at 24 months. In addition, the acute group was not inferior to the delayed group in any assessment. Regarding patient-related outcomes in KOOS, both groups showed significant improvements in all subscales, but no difference was found between the groups. Functional return (FR) rate was almost double compared to the Swedish knee ligament register and treatment failure (TF) rate was reduced by half, no significant difference between the groups. No difference regarding cyclops removal, re-injury of ACL or meniscus was found between the two surgical timing groups. CONCLUSION Acute ACLR within 8 days of injury does not appear to adversely affect ROM or result in increased stiffness in the knee joint and was not inferior to the delayed group in any assessment when compared to delayed surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer von Essen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karl Eriksson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Barenius
- Department of Orthopaedics, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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