1
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da Silva S, da Costa CDL, Naime AA, Santos D, Farina M, Colle D. Mechanisms Mediating the Combined Toxicity of Paraquat and Maneb in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1269-1282. [PMID: 39058280 PMCID: PMC11337211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that combined exposure to the pesticides paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. However, the mechanisms mediating the toxicity induced by combined exposure to these pesticides are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism(s) of neurotoxicity induced by exposure to the pesticides PQ and MB isolated or in association (PQ + MB) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. PQ + MB exposure for 24 and 48 h decreased cell viability and disrupted cell membrane integrity. In addition, PQ + MB exposure for 12 h decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. PQ alone increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide anion generation and decreased the activity of mitochondrial complexes I and II at 12 h of exposure. MB alone increased ROS generation and depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH) within 6 h of exposure. In contrast, MB exposure for 12 h increased the GSH levels, the glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL, the rate-limiting enzyme in the GSH synthesis pathway) activity, and increased nuclear Nrf2 staining. Pretreatment with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a GCL inhibitor) abolished the MB-mediated GSH increase, indicating that MB increases GSH synthesis by upregulating GCL, probably by the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway. BSO pretreatment, which did not modify cell viability per se, rendered cells more sensitive to MB-induced toxicity. In contrast, treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine protected cells from MB-induced toxicity. These findings show that the combined exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to PQ and MB induced a cytotoxic effect higher than that observed when cells were subjected to individual exposures. Such a higher effect seems to be related to additive toxic events resulting from PQ and MB exposures. Thus, our study contributes to a better understanding of the toxicity of PQ and MB in combined exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana da Silva
- Department
of Clinical Analyses, Federal University
of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Lima da Costa
- Department
of Clinical Analyses, Federal University
of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Aita Naime
- Department
of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa
Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Danúbia
Bonfanti Santos
- Department
of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa
Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department
of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa
Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Dirleise Colle
- Department
of Clinical Analyses, Federal University
of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900 Santa Catarina, Brazil
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2
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Brumovský M, Kohoutek J, Løken KB, Sáňka O, Sørensen K, Nizzetto L. Monitoring of current-use pesticides along a Europe-Arctic transect using ships of opportunity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135459. [PMID: 39137552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the occurrence and fate of current-use pesticides (CUPs) in coastal and open marine waters is essential for conducting exposure and risk assessments to ensure the protection of marine ecosystems from chemical pollution. While CUPs have been frequently studied in freshwater systems, knowledge of their behavior in marine environments remains fragmentary. This study investigated 28 CUPs across 50 sites along a transect from the Baltic outflow to pristine Arctic waters using ships of opportunity with installed FerryBox system. Overall, 14 CUPs were detected at least at one site at concentrations ranging from sub-ng/L to ng/L. CUP concentrations were higher in the Baltic outflow and decreased along the transect. Atrazine, simazine, tebuconazole, and propiconazole were detected in > 40 % of samples, including remote open sea regions, suggesting their potential for long-range marine transport. This Baltic Sea was identified as a major source of CUPs to connected marine systems. Additional CUPs were detected in the Baltic outflow, encompassing diuron, isoproturon, metazachlor, metolachlor, pyrazon, terbuthylazine, and chlortoluron. Ecotoxicological assessment indicated a moderate risk posed by metolachlor to algae. The use of the described infrastructure holds great promise for advancing our understanding of the occurrence and fate of CUPs in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Brumovský
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jiří Kohoutek
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ondřej Sáňka
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kai Sørensen
- NIVA - Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- RECETOX - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; NIVA - Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
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3
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Ambaye TG, Hassani A, Vaccari M, Franzetti A, Prasad S, Formicola F, Rosatelli A, Rehman MZU, Mohanakrishna G, Ganachari SV, Aminabhavi TM, Rtimi S. Emerging technologies for the removal of pesticides from contaminated soils and their reuse in agriculture. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142433. [PMID: 38815812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are becoming more prevalent in agriculture to protect crops and increase crop yields. However, nearly all pesticides used for this purpose reach non-target crops and remain as residues for extended periods. Contamination of soil by widespread pesticide use, as well as its toxicity to humans and other living organisms, is a global concern. This has prompted us to find solutions and develop alternative remediation technologies for sustainable management. This article reviews recent technological developments for remediating pesticides from contaminated soil, focusing on the following major points: (1) The application of various pesticide types and their properties, the sources of pesticides related to soil pollution, their transport and distribution, their fate, the impact on soil and human health, and the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affect the remediation process are the main points of focus. (2) Sustainable pesticide degradation mechanisms and various emerging nano- and bioelectrochemical soil remediation technologies. (3) The feasible and long-term sustainable research and development approaches that are required for on-site pesticide removal from soils, as well as prospects for applying them directly in agricultural fields. In this critical analysis, we found that bioremediation technology has the potential for up to 90% pesticide removal from the soil. The complete removal of pesticides through a single biological treatment approach is still a challenging task; however, the combination of electrochemical oxidation and bioelectrochemical system approaches can achieve the complete removal of pesticides from soil. Further research is required to remove pesticides directly from soils in agricultural fields on a large-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, Brescia, 25123, Italy; Department of Environment and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aydin Hassani
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey; Research Center for Science, Technology and Engineering (BILTEM), Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Francesca Formicola
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Asia Rosatelli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1 Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India
| | - Sharanabasava V Ganachari
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Global Institute for Water Environment and Health, 1210 Geneva, Switzerland.
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4
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Lai Y, Koelmel JP, Walker DI, Price EJ, Papazian S, Manz KE, Castilla-Fernández D, Bowden JA, Nikiforov V, David A, Bessonneau V, Amer B, Seethapathy S, Hu X, Lin EZ, Jbebli A, McNeil BR, Barupal D, Cerasa M, Xie H, Kalia V, Nandakumar R, Singh R, Tian Z, Gao P, Zhao Y, Froment J, Rostkowski P, Dubey S, Coufalíková K, Seličová H, Hecht H, Liu S, Udhani HH, Restituito S, Tchou-Wong KM, Lu K, Martin JW, Warth B, Godri Pollitt KJ, Klánová J, Fiehn O, Metz TO, Pennell KD, Jones DP, Miller GW. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Human Exposomics: Expanding Chemical Space Coverage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12784-12822. [PMID: 38984754 PMCID: PMC11271014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
In the modern "omics" era, measurement of the human exposome is a critical missing link between genetic drivers and disease outcomes. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), routinely used in proteomics and metabolomics, has emerged as a leading technology to broadly profile chemical exposure agents and related biomolecules for accurate mass measurement, high sensitivity, rapid data acquisition, and increased resolution of chemical space. Non-targeted approaches are increasingly accessible, supporting a shift from conventional hypothesis-driven, quantitation-centric targeted analyses toward data-driven, hypothesis-generating chemical exposome-wide profiling. However, HRMS-based exposomics encounters unique challenges. New analytical and computational infrastructures are needed to expand the analysis coverage through streamlined, scalable, and harmonized workflows and data pipelines that permit longitudinal chemical exposome tracking, retrospective validation, and multi-omics integration for meaningful health-oriented inferences. In this article, we survey the literature on state-of-the-art HRMS-based technologies, review current analytical workflows and informatic pipelines, and provide an up-to-date reference on exposomic approaches for chemists, toxicologists, epidemiologists, care providers, and stakeholders in health sciences and medicine. We propose efforts to benchmark fit-for-purpose platforms for expanding coverage of chemical space, including gas/liquid chromatography-HRMS (GC-HRMS and LC-HRMS), and discuss opportunities, challenges, and strategies to advance the burgeoning field of the exposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Lai
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Jeremy P. Koelmel
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School
of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Douglas I. Walker
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elliott J. Price
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stefano Papazian
- Department
of Environmental Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- National
Facility for Exposomics, Metabolomics Platform, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna 171 65, Sweden
| | - Katherine E. Manz
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Delia Castilla-Fernández
- Department
of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - John A. Bowden
- Center for
Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences,
College of Veterinary Medicine, University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes,
Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement
et travail) − UMR_S, 1085 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Univ Rennes,
Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement
et travail) − UMR_S, 1085 Rennes, France
| | - Bashar Amer
- Thermo
Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | | | - Xin Hu
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elizabeth Z. Lin
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School
of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Akrem Jbebli
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Brooklynn R. McNeil
- Biomarkers
Core Laboratory, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Dinesh Barupal
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Marina Cerasa
- Institute
of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Italian National Research Council, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Department
of Environmental Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vrinda Kalia
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- Biomarkers
Core Laboratory, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Randolph Singh
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Zhenyu Tian
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peng Gao
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- UPMC Hillman
Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, United States
| | - Yujia Zhao
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CM, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Saurabh Dubey
- Biomarkers
Core Laboratory, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Kateřina Coufalíková
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Seličová
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Helge Hecht
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School
of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Hanisha H. Udhani
- Biomarkers
Core Laboratory, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Sophie Restituito
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Kam-Meng Tchou-Wong
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Kun Lu
- Department
of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global
Public Health, The University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Martin
- Department
of Environmental Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- National
Facility for Exposomics, Metabolomics Platform, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna 171 65, Sweden
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Department
of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Krystal J. Godri Pollitt
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School
of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast
Metabolomics Center, University of California−Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Thomas O. Metz
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kurt D. Pennell
- School
of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Department
of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Gary W. Miller
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
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5
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Alehashem M, Alcaraz AJ, Hogan N, Weber L, Siciliano SD, Hecker M. Linking pesticide exposure to neurodegenerative diseases: An in vitro investigation with human neuroblastoma cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173041. [PMID: 38723972 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Although many organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been banned or restricted because of their persistence and linkage to neurodegenerative diseases, there is evidence of continued human exposure. In contrast, registered herbicides are reported to have a moderate to low level of toxicity; however, there is little information regarding their toxicity to humans or their combined effects with OCPs. This study aimed to characterize the mechanism of toxicity of banned OCP insecticides (aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, and lindane) and registered herbicides (trifluralin, triallate, and clopyralid) detected at a legacy contaminated pesticide manufacturing and packing site using SH-SY5Y cells. Cell viability, LDH release, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase 3/7 activity were evaluated following 24 h of exposure to the biocides. In addition, RNASeq was conducted at sublethal concentrations to investigate potential mechanisms involved in cellular toxicity. Our findings suggested that aldrin and heptachlor were the most toxic, while dieldrin, lindane, trifluralin, and triallate exhibited moderate toxicity, and clopyralid was not toxic to SH-SY5Y cells. While aldrin and heptachlor induced their toxicity through damage to the cell membrane, the toxicity of dieldrin was partially attributed to necrosis and apoptosis. Moreover, toxic effects of lindane, trifluralin, and triallate, at least partially, were associated with ROS generation. Gene expression profiles suggested that decreased cell viability induced by most of the tested biocides was related to inhibited cell proliferation. The dysregulation of genes encoding for proteins with anti-apoptotic properties also supported the absence of caspase activation. Identified enriched terms showed that OCP toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells was mediated through pathways associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, this study provides a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of pesticide-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, it introduced SH-SY5Y cells as a relevant in vitro model for investigating the neurotoxicity of pesticides in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alehashem
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - A J Alcaraz
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - N Hogan
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Animal Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - L Weber
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - S D Siciliano
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - M Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada.
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6
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Wang F, Chen S, Lv L, Wu S, Zhao Y, Liu X, Geng N, Tang T. Metabolic perturbations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to sulfentrazone and imidacloprid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173150. [PMID: 38735312 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The intensive and widespread application of pesticides in agroecosystems can lead to the simultaneous exposure of non-target aquatic organisms to insecticides and herbicides. However, the underlying mechanisms through which aquatic organisms undergo metabolic reprogramming to withstand the combined effects of the insecticide imidacloprid (IMI) and herbicide sulfentrazone (SUL) remain poorly elucidated. This study employs metabolomics to investigate the effects of individual and combined exposures to IMI and SUL on zebrafish (Danio rerio), aiming to simulate complex environmental conditions. Metabolomics analysis revealed extensive metabolic reprogramming in larvae induced by the selected agrochemicals. Both individual and combined exposures disrupted nucleotide metabolism, inhibited glycolysis, and led to the accumulation of acetylcholine through the shared modulation of differential metabolites. Notably, individual exposure exhibited a unique mode of action. Larvae exposed to IMI alone showed mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially stemming from interference with the electron transport chain, while SUL-induced disruptions were associated with glycerophospholipid accumulation, marking it as a critical target. Additionally, calculations of the metabolic effect level index indicated antagonistic interactions between SUL and IMI mixtures at an overall metabolic level. The results obtained through investigating the lethal and sub-lethal effects also revealed that the simultaneous application of SUL and IMI may have the potential to diminish acute and developmental toxicity in zebrafish. This study underscores the significance of metabolomics as a valuable and effective strategy for deciphering the toxicity and interactions of agrochemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feidi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Shenggan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xinju Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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7
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Misiewicz A, Filipiak ZM, Kadyrova K, Bednarska AJ. Combined effects of three insecticides with different modes of action on biochemical responses of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142233. [PMID: 38705404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Bees are simultaneously exposed to a variety of pesticides, which are often applied in mixtures and can cause lethal and sublethal effects. The combined effects of pesticides, however, are not measured in the current risk assessment schemes. Additionally, the sublethal effects of pesticides on a variety of physiological processes are poorly recognized in bees, especially in non-Apis solitary bees. In this study, we used a full-factorial design to examine the main and interactive effects of three insecticide formulations with different modes of action (Mospilan 20 SP, Sherpa 100 EC, and Dursban 480 EC) on bee biochemical processes. We measured acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and esterase (EST) activities, as well as a nonenzymatic biomarker associated with energy metabolism, i.e., ATP level. All studied endpoints were affected by Sherpa 100 EC, and the activities of AChE and EST as well as ATP levels were affected by Dursban 480 EC. Moreover, complex interactions between all three insecticides affected ATP levels, showing outcomes that cannot be predicted when testing each insecticide separately. The results indicate that even if interactive effects are sometimes difficult to interpret, there is a need to study such interactions if laboratory-generated toxicity data are to be extrapolated to field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Misiewicz
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Zuzanna M Filipiak
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamila Kadyrova
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
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8
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Fuentes E, Moreau J, Millet M, Bretagnolle V, Monceau K. Organic farming reduces pesticide load in a bird of prey. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172778. [PMID: 38670354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Human activities have led to the contamination of all environmental compartments worldwide, including bird species. In birds, both the environment and maternal transfer lead to high inter-brood variability in contamination levels of pollutants, whereas intra-brood variability is generally low. However, most existing studies focused on heavy metals or persistent compounds and none, to our knowledge, addressed the variability in contamination levels of multiple pesticides and the factors influencing it. In this study, the number of pesticides detected (of 104 compounds searched) and the sum of their concentrations in the blood of 55 Montagu's harrier (Circus pygargus) nestlings from 22 nests sampled in 2021 were used as metrics of contamination levels. We investigated the effect of organic farming at the size of male's home range (i.e., 14 km2) and chicks' sex and hatching order on contamination levels. We did not find a difference between inter-brood and intra-brood variability in pesticide contamination levels, suggesting a different exposure of siblings through food items. While chicks' sex or rank did not affect their contamination level, we found that the percentage of organic farming around the nests significantly decreased the number of pesticides detected, although it did not decrease the total concentrations. This finding highlights the potential role of organic farming in reducing the exposure of birds to a pesticide cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Fuentes
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - Jérôme Moreau
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France; UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Maurice Millet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France; LTSER "Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre", CNRS, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Karine Monceau
- UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
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9
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Schleicherová D, Pastorino P, Pappalardo A, Nota A, Gendusa C, Mirone E, Prearo M, Santovito A. Genotoxicological and physiological effects of glyphosate and its metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid, on the freshwater invertebrate Lymnaea stagnalis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106940. [PMID: 38728927 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is the main metabolite in the degradation of glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide, and it is more toxic and persistent in the environment than the glyphosate itself. Owing to their extensive use, both chemicals pose a serious risk to aquatic ecosystems. Here, we explored the genotoxicological and physiological effects of glyphosate, AMPA, and the mixed solution in the proportion 1:1 in Lymnaea stagnalis, a freshwater gastropod snail. To do this, adult individuals were exposed to increasing nominal concentrations (0.0125, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.250, 0.500 µg/mL) in all three treatments once a week for four weeks. The genotoxicological effects were estimated as genomic damage, as defined by the number of micronuclei and nuclear buds observed in hemocytes, while the physiological effects were estimated as the effects on somatic growth and egg production. Exposure to glyphosate, AMPA, and the mixed solution caused genomic damage, as measured in increased frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds and in adverse effects on somatic growth and egg production. Our findings suggest the need for more research into the harmful and synergistic effects of glyphosate and AMPA and of pesticides and their metabolites in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dáša Schleicherová
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Alessia Pappalardo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Alessandro Nota
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Claudio Gendusa
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Enrico Mirone
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
| | - Marino Prearo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino.
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10124, Torino.
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10
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Martins C, de Oliveira Galvão MF, Costa PM, Dreij K. Antagonistic effects of a COX1/2 inhibitor drug in human HepG2 cells exposed to an environmental carcinogen. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104453. [PMID: 38642625 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding interactions between legacy and emerging environmental contaminants has important implications for risk assessment, especially when mutagens and carcinogens are involved, whose critical effects are chronic and therefore difficult to predict. The current work aimed to investigate potential interactions between benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and legacy pollutant, and diclofenac (DFC), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and pollutant of emerging concern, and how DFC affects B[a]P toxicity. Exposure to binary mixtures of these chemicals resulted in substantially reduced cytotoxicity in human HepG2 cells compared to single-chemical exposures. Significant antagonistic effects were observed in response to high concentrations of B[a]P in combination with DFC at IC50 and ⅕ IC50. While additive effects were found for levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, antagonistic mixture effects were observed for genotoxicity. B[a]P induced DNA strand breaks, γH2AX activation, and micronuclei formation at ½ IC50 concentrations or lower, whereas DFC induced only low levels of DNA strand breaks. Their mixture caused significantly lower levels of genotoxicity by all three endpoints compared to those expected based on concentration additivity. In addition, antagonistic mixture effects on CYP1 enzyme activity suggested that the observed reduced genotoxicity of B[a]P was due to its reduced metabolic activation as a result of enzymatic inhibition by DFC. Overall, the findings further support the growing concern that co-exposure to environmental toxicants and their non-additive interactions may be a confounding factor that should not be neglected in environmental and human health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Martins
- Associate Laboratory i4HB Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2819 516, Portugal; UCIBIO Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2819 516, Portugal; Unit of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden.
| | - Marcos Felipe de Oliveira Galvão
- Unit of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Pedro M Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2819 516, Portugal; UCIBIO Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2819 516, Portugal
| | - Kristian Dreij
- Unit of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden.
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11
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Dourdin TS, Berthelin C, Guyomard K, Morin A, Morandi N, Elie N, Villain-Naud N, Rivière G, Sussarellu R. The Pacific oyster reproduction is affected by early-life exposure to environmental pesticide mixture: A multigenerational study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173569. [PMID: 38810751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides threat marine organisms worldwide. Among them, the Pacific oyster is a bivalve mollusc model in marine ecotoxicology. A large body of literature already stated on the multiple-scale effects pesticides can trigger in the Pacific oyster, throughout its life cycle and in a delayed manner. In particular, reproductive toxicity is of major concern because of its influence on population dynamics. However, past studies mostly investigated pesticide reprotoxicity as a direct effect of exposure during gametogenesis or directly on gametes and little is known about the influence of an early embryo exposure on the breed capacity. Therefore, we studied delayed and multigenerational consequences through gametogenesis features (i.e. sex ratio, glycogen content, gene expression) and reproductive success in two consecutive oyster generations (F0 and F1) exposed to an environmentally-relevant pesticide mixture (sum nominal concentration: 2.85 μg.L-1) during embryo-larval development (0-48 h post fertilization, hpf). In the first generation, glycogen content increased in exposed individuals and the expression of some gametogenesis target genes was modified. The reproductive success measured 48 hpf was higher in exposed individuals. A multigenerational influence was observed in the second generation, with feminisation, acceleration of gametogenesis processes and the sex-specific modification of glycogen metabolism in individuals from exposed parents. This study is the first to highlight the delayed effects on reproduction induced by an early exposure to pesticides, and its multigenerational implications in the Pacific oyster. It suggests that environmental pesticide contamination can have impacts on the recruitment and the dynamics of natural oyster populations exposed during their embryo-larval phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sol Dourdin
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, France
| | - Clothilde Berthelin
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Killian Guyomard
- Ifremer, EMMA Plateforme Expérimentale Mollusques Marins Atlantique, F-85230, France
| | - Alicia Morin
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000, France
| | - Nathan Morandi
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Nicolas Elie
- Université de Caen Normandie, Structure Federative 4207 'Normandie Oncologie', PLATON Services Unit, Virtual'His, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Nadège Villain-Naud
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
| | - Guillaume Rivière
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris CEDEX, France
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12
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Ahmad MF, Ahmad FA, Alsayegh AA, Zeyaullah M, AlShahrani AM, Muzammil K, Saati AA, Wahab S, Elbendary EY, Kambal N, Abdelrahman MH, Hussain S. Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29128. [PMID: 38623208 PMCID: PMC11016626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical constituents used to prevent or control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other unwanted organisms. Despite their advantages in crop production and disease management, the use of pesticides poses significant hazards to the environment and public health. Pesticide elements have now perpetually entered our atmosphere and subsequently contaminated water, food, and soil, leading to health threats ranging from acute to chronic toxicities. Pesticides can cause acute toxicity if a high dose is inhaled, ingested, or comes into contact with the skin or eyes, while prolonged or recurrent exposure to pesticides leads to chronic toxicity. Pesticides produce different types of toxicity, for instance, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and endocrine disruption. The toxicity of a pesticide formulation may depend on the specific active ingredient and the presence of synergistic or inert compounds that can enhance or modify its toxicity. Safety concerns are the need of the hour to control contemporary pesticide-induced health hazards. The effectiveness and implementation of the current legislature in providing ample protection for human health and the environment are key concerns. This review explored a comprehensive summary of pesticides regarding their updated impacts on human health and advanced safety concerns with legislation. Implementing regulations, proper training, and education can help mitigate the negative impacts of pesticide use and promote safer and more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, School of Engineering and Science, G.D Goenka University, Gururgram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. AlShahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ali Saati
- Department of Community Medicine & Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Y. Elbendary
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Kambal
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Abdelrahman
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Alehashem M, Peters R, Fajana HO, Eslamizad S, Hogan N, Hecker M, Siciliano SD. Herbicides and pesticides synergistically interact at low concentrations in complex mixtures. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141431. [PMID: 38401859 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Assessing a complex mixture of pesticides at the impacted sites has been challenging for risk assessors for 50 years. The default assumption is that at low concentrations, pesticides interact additively with one another; thus, the risk posed by each component of a complex mixture could be simply added up. The EPA interaction-based hazard index (HIInteraction) modifies this assumption using a binary weight-of-evidence (BINWOE). However, data gaps often preclude HIInteraction use at most sites. This study evaluated these assumptions using the BINWOE to estimate the hazard index (HI) of select pesticide mixtures. The lack of in vivo binary interaction data led us to use a cell line, SH-SY5Y, to obtain the data necessary for the BINWOE approach. In the risk assessment, we considered the most active exposure scenario inhaling a mixture of volatile pesticides from contaminated soil and groundwater. The potential interactions between pesticides in 15 binary mixtures were investigated using the MTT assay in SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings showed that 60% of the binary mixtures elicited synergism (in at least one concentration), 27% displayed antagonism, and 13% showed additive effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Combining human safety data with in vitro interaction data indicated that adults and toddlers were at the highest risk when considering industrial and commercial land use, respectively, compared to other subpopulations. Incorporating interaction data into the risk assessment either increased the risk by up to 20% or decreased the risk by 2%, depending on the mixture. Our results demonstrate the predominant synergistic interactions, even at low concentrations, altered risk characterization at the complex operating site. Most concerning, organochlorine pesticides with the same mechanism of action did not follow dose additivity when evaluated by SH-SY5Y cell lines. Based on our observations, we caution that current HI methods based on additivity assumptions may underestimate the risk of organochlorine mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alehashem
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - R Peters
- Federated Co-operatives Limited, Saskatoon, SK, S7K 0H2, Canada
| | - H O Fajana
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - S Eslamizad
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Hogan
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Animal Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - M Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada
| | - S D Siciliano
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
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14
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Izma G, Raby M, Prosser R, Rooney R. Urban-use pesticides in stormwater ponds and their accumulation in biofilms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170534. [PMID: 38301793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Stormwater ponds frequently receive urban runoff, increasing the likelihood of pesticide contamination. Biofilms growing in surface waters of these ponds are known to accumulate a range of aquatic contaminants, paradoxically providing both water purification services and potentially posing a threat to urban wildlife. Thus, sampling biofilms in stormwater ponds may be a critical and biologically relevant tool for characterizing pesticide contamination and toxicity in urban environments. Here, we aimed to investigate pesticide occurrences at 21 stormwater ponds in Brampton, ON, one of Canada's fastest growing municipalities, and quantify their accumulation in biofilm. Over nine weeks, we collected time-integrated composite water and biofilm samples for analysis of ∼500 current-use and legacy pesticides. Thirty-two pesticide compounds were detected across both matrices, with 2,4-D, MCPA, MCPP, azoxystrobin, bentazon, triclopyr, and diuron having near-ubiquitous occurrences. Several compounds not typically monitored in pesticide suites (e.g., melamine and nicotine) were also detected, but only in biofilms. Overall, 56 % of analytes detected in biofilms were not found in water samples, indicating traditional pesticide monitoring practices fail to capture all exposure routes, as even when pesticides are below detection levels in water, organisms may still be exposed via dietary pathways. Calculated bioconcentration factors ranged from 4.2 to 1275 and were not predicted by standard pesticide physicochemical properties. Monitoring biofilms provides a sensitive and comprehensive supplement to water sampling for pesticide quantification in urban areas, and identifying pesticide occurrences in stormwater could improve source-tracking efforts in the future. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms driving pesticide accumulation, to investigate toxicity risks associated with pesticide-contaminated biofilm, and to evaluate whether pesticide accumulation in stormwater pond biofilms represents a route through which contaminants are mobilized into the surrounding terrestrial and downstream aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gab Izma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Raby
- Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation, and Parks, Etobicoke, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan Prosser
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca Rooney
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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15
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Beltrán-Flores E, Sarrà M, Blánquez P. A review on the management of rinse wastewater in the agricultural sector. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141283. [PMID: 38280647 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides have become indispensable compounds to sustain global food production. However, a series of sustainable agricultural practices must be ensured to minimize health and environmental risks, such as eco-friendly cultivation techniques, the transition to biopesticides, appropriate hygiene measures, etc. Hygiene measures should include the management of rinse wastewater (RWW) produced when cleaning agricultural equipment and machinery contaminated with pesticides (among other pollutants), such as sprayers or containers. Although some technical guidelines encourage the reuse of RWW in agricultural fields, in many cases the application of specialized treatments is a more environmentally friendly option. Solar photocatalysis was found to be the most widely studied physical-chemical method, especially in regions with intense solar radiation, generally using catalysts such as TiO2, Na2S2O8, and H2O2, operating for relatively short treatment periods (usually from 10 min to 9 h) and requiring accumulated radiation levels typically ranging from 3000 to 10000 kJ m-2. Biological treatments seem to be particularly suitable for this application. Among them, biobed is a well-established and robust technology for the treatment of pesticide-concentrated water in some countries, with operating periods that typically range from 1 to 24 months, and with temperatures preferably close to 20 °C; but further research is required for its implementation in other regions and/or conditions. Solar photocatalysis and biobeds are the only two systems that have been tested in full-scale treatments. Alternatively, fungal bioremediation using white rot fungi has shown excellent efficiencies in the degradation of pesticides from agricultural wastewater. However, greater efforts should be invested in gathering more information to consolidate these technologies and expand their use in the agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán-Flores
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Sarrà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Beltrán-Flores E, Blánquez P, Gorito AM, Sarrà M, Silva AMT. Combining fungal bioremediation and ozonation for rinse wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169198. [PMID: 38097072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, agricultural rinse wastewater, which is produced during the cleaning of agricultural equipment and constitutes a major source of pesticides, was treated by fungal bioremediation and ozonation, both individually and combined in a two-stage treatment train. Three major pesticides (thiacloprid, chlortoluron, and pyrimethanil) were detected in rinse wastewater, with a total concentration of 38.47 mg C L-1. Comparing both technologies, ozonation in a stirred reactor achieved complete removal of these pesticides (720 min) while proving to be a more effective approach for reducing colour, organic matter, and bacteria. However, this technique produced transformation products and increased toxicity. In contrast, fungal bioremediation in a rotating drum bioreactor attenuated toxicity levels and did not produce such metabolites, but only removed approximately 50 % of target pesticide - hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days - and obtained worse results for most of the general quality parameters studied. This work also includes a preliminary economic assessment of both technologies, revealing that fungal bioremediation was 2 times more cost-effective than ozonation. The treatment train, consisting of a first stage of fungal bioremediation followed by ozonation, was found to be a promising approach as it synergistically combines the advantages of both treatments, achieving high removals of pesticides (up to 100 %) and transformation products, while reducing operating costs and producing a biodegradable effluent. This is the first time that fungal bioremediation and ozonation technologies have been compared and combined in a treatment train to deal with pesticides in agricultural rinse wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán-Flores
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Gorito
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Sarrà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Adrián M T Silva
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Teixeira JRDS, de Souza AM, de Macedo-Sampaio JV, Menezes FP, Pereira BF, de Medeiros SRB, Luchiari AC. Embryotoxic Effects of Pesticides in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio): Diflubenzuron, Pyriproxyfen, and Its Mixtures. TOXICS 2024; 12:160. [PMID: 38393255 PMCID: PMC10892354 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Diflubenzuron (DFB) and pyriproxyfen (PPF) are larvicides used in crops to control insect plagues. However, these pesticides are known to impact non-target organisms like fish and mammals. Here, we aimed at assessing the embryotoxicity of purified DFB, PPF, and their mixtures in a non-target organism-zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations for 120 h: 0.025, 0.125, 0.25, 1.25, 2.5, and 10 mg/L of purified PPF and purified DFB, while we used 0.025 mg/L PPF + 10 mg/L DFB (Mix A), 0.125 mg/L PPF + 10 mg/L DFB (Mix B), and 0.25 mg/L PPF + 10 mg/L DFB (Mix C) for the mixtures of PPF + DFB. We observed mortality, teratogenicity, and cardiotoxicity. For the neurotoxicity tests and evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the brain, embryos were exposed for 120 h to 0.379 and 0.754 mg/L of PPF and 0.025 and 0.125 mg/L of DFB. We established the LC50 for PPF as 3.79 mg/L, while the LC50 for DFB was not determinable. Survival and hatching were affected by PPF concentrations above 0.125 mg/L, DFB concentrations above 1.25 mg/L, and the lower pesticide mixtures. PPF exposure and mixtures induced different types of malformations, while a higher number of malformations were observed for the mixtures, suggesting a potentiating effect. Pesticides diminished avoidance responses and increased the levels of ROS across all concentrations, indicating neurotoxicity. Our findings underscore the detrimental impact of PPF and DFB exposure, spanning from biochemistry to morphology. There is a critical need to reconsider the global use of these pesticides and transition to more ecologically friendly forms of pest control, raising an alarm regarding repercussions on human and animal health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Robert de Sousa Teixeira
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil; (J.R.d.S.T.); (J.V.d.M.-S.)
- Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Augusto Monteiro de Souza
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.); (S.R.B.d.M.)
| | - João Vitor de Macedo-Sampaio
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil; (J.R.d.S.T.); (J.V.d.M.-S.)
| | - Fabiano Peres Menezes
- Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), Rio Grande 96200-180, RS, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Fiorelini Pereira
- Department of Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de Medeiros
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.); (S.R.B.d.M.)
| | - Ana Carolina Luchiari
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil; (J.R.d.S.T.); (J.V.d.M.-S.)
- Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil
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Oviedo-Matamoros F, Pérez-Villanueva ME, Masís-Mora M, Aguilar-Álvarez R, Ramírez-Morales D, Méndez-Rivera M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Biological treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater from coffee crops: selection and optimization of a biomixture and biobed design. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1357839. [PMID: 38384273 PMCID: PMC10881177 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1357839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The biopurification systems (BPS) or biobeds are employed for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of agricultural origin. The use of these devices for pesticide removal requires the proper optimization of the composition of biomixtures (BPS active matrix) according to the target pesticides applied on a specific crop and the available materials used in their elaboration. This work aims to design a biomixture for the simultaneous treatment of several pesticides applied in coffee crops, according to local practices in Costa Rica. Three biomixtures containing either coffee husk, coconut fiber or rice husk (as the lignocellulosic substrate) were applied for the removal of 12 pesticides. The profiles of pesticide elimination and the mineralization of radiolabeled chlorpyrifos (14C-chlorpyrifos) revealed that the best performance was achieved with the coconut fiber biomixture, even though similar detoxification patterns were determined in every biomixture (according to immobilization in Daphnia magna and germination tests in Lactuca sativa). The optimization of this biomixture's composition by means of a central composite design permitted the definition of two optimal compositions (compost:soil:coconut fiber, % v/v) that maximized pesticide removal: i. 29:7.3:63.7 and ii. 11:7.3:81.7. The validation of these optimized compositions also included the use of an alternative soil from another coffee farm and resulted in overall DT50 values of 7.8-9.0 d for the pesticide mixture. Considering the removal kinetics in the optimized biomixture, a 1 m3 BPS prototype was dimensioned to be eventually used in local coffee farms. This work provides relevant information for the design and implementation of BPS at on-farm conditions for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of a major crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oviedo-Matamoros
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marta E. Pérez-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Didier Ramírez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Michael Méndez-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Sol Dourdin T, Guyomard K, Rabiller M, Houssais N, Cormier A, Le Monier P, Sussarellu R, Rivière G. Ancestors' Gift: Parental Early Exposure to the Environmentally Realistic Pesticide Mixture Drives Offspring Phenotype in a Larger Extent Than Direct Exposure in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1865-1876. [PMID: 38217500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Marine organisms are threatened by the presence of pesticides in coastal waters. Among them, the Pacific oyster is one of the most studied invertebrates in marine ecotoxicology where numerous studies highlighted the multiscale impacts of pesticides. In the past few years, a growing body of literature has reported the epigenetic outcomes of xenobiotics. Because DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark implicated in organism development and is meiotically heritable, it raises the question of the multigenerational implications of xenobiotic-induced epigenetic alterations. Therefore, we performed a multigenerational exposure to an environmentally relevant mixture of 18 pesticides (nominal sum concentration: 2.85 μg·L-1) during embryo-larval stages (0-48 hpf) of a second generation (F1) for which parents where already exposed or not in F0. Gene expression, DNA methylation, and physiological end points were assessed throughout the life cycle of individuals. Overall, the multigenerational effect has a greater influence on the phenotype than the exposure itself. Thus, multigenerational phenotypic effects were observed: individuals descending from exposed parents exhibited lower epinephrine-induced metamorphosis and field survival rates. At the molecular level, RNA-seq and Methyl-seq data analyses performed in gastrula embryos and metamorphosis-competent pediveliger (MCP) larvae revealed a clear F0 treatment-dependent discrimination. Some genes implicated into shell secretion and immunity exhibited F1:F0 treatment interaction patterns (e.g., Calm and Myd88). Those results suggest that low chronic environmental pesticide contamination can alter organisms beyond the individual scale level and have long-term adaptive implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sol Dourdin
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Killian Guyomard
- Ifremer, Plateforme Mollusques Marins Bouin, 85029 Bouin, France
| | | | - Nina Houssais
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Alexandre Cormier
- Ifremer, Service de Bioinformatique de l'Ifremer, 29280 Brest, France
| | - Pauline Le Monier
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer, Physiologie et Toxines des Microalgues Toxiques, 44311 Cedex 03 Nantes, France
| | - Guillaume Rivière
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR7208, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231 Paris Cedex, France
- BOREA, UFR des Sciences, Université de Caen-Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
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Oliveira Pereira EA, Labine LM, Kleywegt S, Jobst KJ, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Metabolomics revealed disruptions in amino acid and antioxidant biochemistry in Daphnia magna exposed to industrial effluents associated with plastic and polymer production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117547. [PMID: 37949288 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater effluents are a major source of chemicals in aquatic environments, and many of these chemicals may negatively impact aquatic life. In this study, the crustacean Daphnia magna, a common model organism in ecotoxicity studies, was exposed for 48 h to nine different industrial effluent samples from manufacturing facilities associated with the production of plastics, polymers, and coating products at a range of dilutions: 10, 25, 50, 100% (undiluted). A targeted metabolomic-based approach using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to quantify polar metabolites from individual daphnids that survived the 48 h exposure. Multivariate analyses and metabolite changes revealed metabolic perturbations across all effluent samples studied, with non-monotonic responses and both up and downregulation relative to the unexposed control. Pathway analyses indicated the disruption of similar and distinct pathways, mostly connected to protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and antioxidant processes. Overall, we observed disruptions in Daphnia biochemistry that were similar across the effluent samples, but with unique features for each effluent sample. Additionally, non-monotonic heightened responses suggested additive and/or synergistic interactions between the chemicals within the industrial effluents. These findings demonstrate that targeted metabolomic approaches are a powerful tool for the biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems in the context of complex mixtures, such as industrial wastewater effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erico A Oliveira Pereira
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Lisa M Labine
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sonya Kleywegt
- Technical Assessment and Standards Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Toronto, ON, M4V 1M2, Canada
| | - Karl J Jobst
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 45 Arctic Ave., St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - André J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
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21
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Mac Loughlin TM, Marino DJG, Bahl MF, Peluso ML. Whole-sediment toxicity bioassays with Hyalella curvispina as a valuable bioanalytical tool for assessing pesticide risks in watercourses with different types of agro-productive activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168286. [PMID: 37924881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The current Argentine agricultural production model is dependent on agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides. Extensive agriculture and horticulture are the two major productive activities that use copious amounts of pesticides. Extensive agriculture is characterized by areas of 50 to 100 ha of a single crop, while peri-urban horticulture is characterized by intense land use, with farms ranging from 1 to 3 ha cultivated with a variety of vegetables. Despite the relevance of pesticides, data on their effects on the biota associated with nearby watercourses are scarce. Given this paucity of knowledge, the objective of the present work was to assess the relative impact of extensive agriculture and horticulture on sediment quality in representative watercourses by conducting whole-sediment toxicity bioassays with the native amphipod Hyalella curvispina. The lower Gualeguay Basin, in the Province of Entre Ríos, was selected as a representative watercourse impacted by extensive agriculture, and the Carnaval Creek, on the periphery of La Plata, Province of Buenos Aires, was selected as a horticulture-impacted watercourse. Growth inhibition (sublethal effect) was observed in both systems, whereas mortality (lethal effect) was largely observed in horticulture. The observed effects were integrated with pesticide concentrations in the same sediments and correlated by multivariate analysis, revealing that toxicity was mainly due to insecticides, particularly λ-cyhalothrin. Therefore, horticultural practices and their associated pesticide use could potentially endanger the benthic fauna of nearby watercourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás M Mac Loughlin
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), FCEx-UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damián J G Marino
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), FCEx-UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ma Florencia Bahl
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), FCEx-UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ma Leticia Peluso
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), FCEx-UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Ottenbros IB, Ammann P, Imboden M, Fuhrimann S, Zock JP, Lebret E, Vermeulen RCH, Nijssen R, Lommen A, Mol H, Vlaanderen JJ, Probst-Hensch N. Urinary pesticide mixture patterns and exposure determinants in the adult population from the Netherlands and Switzerland: Application of a suspect screening approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117216. [PMID: 37805179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-occupational sources of pesticide exposure may include domestic pesticide usage, diet, occupational exposure of household members, and agricultural activities in the residential area. We conducted a study with the ambition to characterize pesticide mixture patterns in a sample of the adult population of the Netherlands and Switzerland, using a suspect screening approach and to identify related exposure determinants. METHODS A total of 105 and 295 adults participated in the Dutch and Swiss studies, respectively. First morning void urine samples were collected and analyzed in the same laboratory. Harmonized questionnaires about personal characteristics, pesticide-related activities, and diet were administered. Detection rates and co-occurrence patterns were calculated to explore internal pesticide exposure patterns. Censored linear and logistic regression models were constructed to investigate the association between exposure and domestic pesticide usage, consumption of homegrown and organic foods, household members' exposure, and distance to agricultural and forest areas. RESULTS From the 37 detected biomarkers, 3 (acetamiprid (-CH2), chlorpropham (4-HSA), and flonicamid (-C2HN)) were detected in ≥40% of samples. The most frequent combination of biomarkers (acetamiprid-flonicamid) was detected in 22 (5.5%) samples. Regression models revealed an inverse association between high organic vegetable and fruit consumption and exposure to acetamiprid, chlorpropham, propamocarb (+O), and pyrimethanil (+O + SO3). Within-individual correlations in repeated samples (summer/winter) from the Netherlands were low (≤0.3), and no seasonal differences in average exposures were observed in Switzerland. CONCLUSION High consumption of organic fruit and vegetables was associated with lower pesticide exposure. In the two countries, detection rates and co-occurrence were typically low, and within-person variability was high. Our study results provide an indication for target biomarkers to include in future studies aimed at quantifying urinary exposure levels in European adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Ottenbros
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Center for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - P Ammann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Imboden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Fuhrimann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J-P Zock
- Center for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - E Lebret
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Center for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - R C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - R Nijssen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research - Part of Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - A Lommen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research - Part of Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - H Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research - Part of Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - J J Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - N Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland.
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23
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Lopes-Ferreira M, Farinha LRL, Costa YSO, Pinto FJ, Disner GR, da Rosa JGDS, Lima C. Pesticide-Induced Inflammation at a Glance. TOXICS 2023; 11:896. [PMID: 37999548 PMCID: PMC10675742 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The increasing number of studies reporting the risks of the exposure to pesticides aligned with the intensified use of such hazardous chemicals has emerged as a pressing contemporary issue, notably due to the potential effects to both the environment and human health. Pesticides, while broadly applied in modern agriculture for pest control and crop protection, have raised concerns due to their unintended effects on non-target organisms. The immune system exerts a key role in the protection against the exposome, which could result in cellular imbalances and tissue damage through the inflammatory response. Pesticides, which encompass a diverse array of chemicals, have been linked to inflammation in experimental models. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss the increasing concern over the risks of pesticide exposure focusing on the effects of various chemical classes on inflammation by covering, as broadly as possible, different experimental approaches as well as the multiple or co-exposure of pesticides. Overall, pesticides potentially induce inflammation in different experimental models, manifested through skin irritation, respiratory impairment, or systemic effects. The connection between pesticides and inflammation highlights the importance of proper handling and regulation of these substances and underscores the need for research into safer and sustainable practices to reduce our reliance on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit, Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil; (L.R.L.F.); (Y.S.O.C.); (F.J.P.); (G.R.D.); (J.G.d.S.d.R.); (C.L.)
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Qian M, Zhou M, Li Y, Wang D, Yao L, Wu H, Yang G. The Dissipation Behavior and Risk Assessment of Carbendazim Under Individual and Joint Applications on Peach (Amygdalus persica L.). J Food Prot 2023; 86:100145. [PMID: 37604252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Dissipation, residue levels, and ingestion risks of carbendazim in peach (Amygdalus persica L.) were investigated with individual and joint applications in the present study. The dissipation kinetics of carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, prochloraz, and imidacloprid were evaluated by the first-order kinetics. When carbendazim was individually applied, the final residual concentration was 2.97 mg kg-1 and the half-life was 17.4 d. In the joint application of carbendazim with chlorpyrifos, prochloraz, and imidacloprid, the residual concentrations at 35 d after spraying were 7.16, 7.50, and 4.26 mg kg-1 and the half-lives were 30.8, 23.7, and 23.2 d, respectively, which showed an increase of 1.3-1.8 times compared with the single application of carbendazim. In addition, the effects of household processing of rinsing and peeling were investigated, and a high removal rate of 54.6% and 76.5% were found. Furthermore, the carbendazim ingestion risk assessment was conducted, which indicated that the acute health risk (aHI) and hazard quotient (HQ) of carbendazim were all within acceptable levels ranging from 21.7% to 40.9%. However, a higher ingestion risk of carbendazim was found under the joint application. This study provides some preliminary guidance for the joint application and risk assessment of carbendazim in peach, which is worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrong Qian
- key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Min Zhou
- Hangzhou Puyu Technology Development Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dou Wang
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Liping Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huizhen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Guiling Yang
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Damiani S, Leite Montalvão MT, de Alcântara Mendes R, Gomes da Costa AC, Sousa Passos CJ. Water and sediment pesticide contamination on indigenous lands surrounded by oil palm plantations in the Brazilian Amazon. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19920. [PMID: 37771527 PMCID: PMC10522942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale oil palm cultivation with intensive pesticide use has been growing worldwide and reached the Brazilian Amazon. The rapid expansion of this crop over the last decade has reached vast areas, including the boundaries of different indigenous lands. This study aimed at assessing the occurrence of pesticide residues in surface and ground waters as well as drainage sediments in the Turé-Mariquita Indigenous Territory, in addition to other nearby indigenous villages in the northeastern state of Pará. Thirty-three (33) water samples were collected from streams, springs and from active and abandoned wells at 19 sampling points, as well as 16 sediment samples at 9 sampling sites both during dry and rainy seasons. In total, 49 environmental samples were taken during fieldworks and subsequently analyzed by means of liquid chromatography and mass-mass spectrometry. The analytical determination of pesticide residues showed the occurrence of three pesticides in the water both from streams and from wells, two of them knowingly used by the oil palm company: glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) and endosulfan insecticides. Although the highest glyphosate and endosulfan levels as well as the maximum concentration of glyphosate found in ground water are within the Brazilian environmental regulatory guidelines, all the values for human consumption found in the glyphosate-containing samples are well above the European Union regulatory standards. Our results draw the attention to the risks of biota contamination and human exposure to multiple-pesticide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Damiani
- Center for Sustainable Development, University of Brasília, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Brasília/DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Leite Montalvão
- Forest Engineering Department, Technology School, University of Brasília, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Brasília/DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rosivaldo de Alcântara Mendes
- Environmental Health Division, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Av. Alm. Barroso, 492, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Amilton César Gomes da Costa
- Environmental Health Division, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Av. Alm. Barroso, 492, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Carlos José Sousa Passos
- Center for Sustainable Development, University of Brasília, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Brasília/DF, 70910-900, Brazil
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Hester KP, Stoner KA, Eitzer BD, Koethe RW, Lehmann DM. Pesticide residues in honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollen collected in two ornamental plant nurseries in Connecticut: Implications for bee health and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122037. [PMID: 37348699 PMCID: PMC10732578 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are one of the most important managed pollinators of agricultural crops. While potential effects of agricultural pesticides on honey bee health have been investigated in some settings, risks to honey bees associated with exposures occurring in the plant nursery setting have received little attention. We sought to identify and quantify pesticide levels present in honey bee-collected pollen harvested in two ornamental plant nurseries (i.e., Nursery A and Nursery B) in Connecticut. From June to September 2018, pollen was collected weekly from 8 colonies using bottom-mounted pollen traps. Fifty-five unique pesticides (including related metabolites) were detected: 24 insecticides, 20 fungicides, and 11 herbicides. Some of the pesticide contaminants detected in the pollen had not been applied by the nurseries, indicating that the honey bee colonies did not exclusively forage on pollen at their respective nursery. The average number of pesticides per sample was similar at both nurseries (i.e., 12.9 at Nursery A and 14.2 at Nursery B). To estimate the potential risk posed to honey bees from these samples, we utilized the USEPA's BeeREX tool to calculate risk quotients (RQs) for each pesticide within each sample. The median aggregate RQ for nurse bees was 0.003 at both nurseries, well below the acute risk level of concern (LOC) of ≥0.4. We also calculated RQs for larvae due to their increased sensitivity to certain pesticides. In total, 6 samples had larval RQs above the LOC (0.45-2.51), resulting from the organophosphate insecticide diazinon. Since 2015, the frequency and amount of diazinon detected in pollen increased at one of our study locations, potentially due to pressure to reduce the use of neonicotinoid insecticides. Overall, these data highlight the importance of considering all life stages when estimating potential risk to honey bee colonies from pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Hester
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, Integrated Health Assessment Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - K A Stoner
- Retired, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06504, USA
| | - B D Eitzer
- Retired, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06504, USA
| | - R W Koethe
- Region 1 Office, Land, Chemicals and Redevelopment Division, RCRA Waste, Underground Storage Tanks and Pesticides Section, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Boston, MA, 02109, USA
| | - D M Lehmann
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Assessment Division, Integrated Health Assessment Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA.
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Bertrans-Tubau L, Menard Y, Batisson I, Creusot N, Mazzella N, Millan-Navarro D, Moreira A, Morin S, Ponsá S, Abril M, Proia L, Romaní AM, Artigas J. Dissipation of pesticides by stream biofilms is influenced by hydrological histories. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad083. [PMID: 37480243 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of hydrological variability on pesticide dissipation capacity by stream biofilms, we conducted a microcosm study. We exposed biofilms to short and frequent droughts (daily frequency), long and less frequent droughts (weekly frequency) and permanently immersed controls, prior to test their capacities to dissipate a cocktail of pesticides composed of tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, imidacloprid, glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid. A range of structural and functional descriptors of biofilms (algal and bacterial biomass, extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) concentration, microbial respiration, phosphorus uptake and community-level physiological profiles) were measured to assess drought effects. In addition, various parameters were measured to characterise the dynamics of pesticide dissipation by biofilms in the different hydrological treatments (% dissipation, peak asymmetry, bioconcentration factor, among others). Results showed higher pesticide dissipation rates in biofilms exposed to short and frequent droughts, despite of their lower biomass and EPS concentration, compared to biofilms in immersed controls or exposed to long and less frequent droughts. High accumulation of hydrophobic pesticides (tebuconazole and terbuthylazine) was measured in biofilms despite the short exposure time (few minutes) in our open-flow microcosm approach. This research demonstrated the stream biofilms capacity to adsorb hydrophobic pesticides even in stressed drought environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Bertrans-Tubau
- BETA Technological Centre- University of Vic-Central University of Catalunya (BETA-UVic-UCC), Carretera de Roda 70, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoann Menard
- CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne, Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 1 Impasse Amélie Murat. F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Batisson
- CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne, Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 1 Impasse Amélie Murat. F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612 Cestas, France
| | - Sergio Ponsá
- BETA Technological Centre- University of Vic-Central University of Catalunya (BETA-UVic-UCC), Carretera de Roda 70, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Abril
- BETA Technological Centre- University of Vic-Central University of Catalunya (BETA-UVic-UCC), Carretera de Roda 70, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Proia
- BETA Technological Centre- University of Vic-Central University of Catalunya (BETA-UVic-UCC), Carretera de Roda 70, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna M Romaní
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17005 Girona, Spain
| | - Joan Artigas
- CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne, Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 1 Impasse Amélie Murat. F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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de Palma Lopes LF, Rocha GS, de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG. The acute effects of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture: a threat to the freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80335-80348. [PMID: 37294488 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of copepods' responses to pesticides, individually and in mixture, is little understood. The aims of this study were to evaluate: (i) the effects of the pesticides fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi; and (ii) the survival and the feeding rate of copepods after the exposure. Acute toxicity tests using the commercial formulations of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, were performed. The LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h of fipronil to N. iheringi were 2.38 ± 0.48, 3.08 ± 1.14, and 4.97 ± 3.30 μg L-1, respectively. For 2,4-D the LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h were 371.18 ± 29.20, 406.93 ± 53.77, and 478.24 ± 107.77 mg L-1, respectively. Morphological damages on the copepods exposed to pesticides were observed at all concentrations. Fungal filaments covering dead organisms were presented at the treatment highest concentration (R5:7.43 ± 2.78 μg L-1 fipronil). The mixture of the pesticides presented synergistic effects on the mortality of N. iheringi. Post-exposure tests showed no difference between the treatments and the control on the mortality and on the feeding rate for 4 h. However, since delayed toxicity of pesticides can occur, longer post-exposure tests using N. iheringi should be tested. N. iheringi is a key species in the aquatic Brazilian ecosystem and showed sensitivity to fipronil and 2,4-D; thus, more studies with this species assessing other responses are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca Ferreira de Medeiros
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
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Imiuwa ME, Baynes A, Routledge EJ. Understanding target-specific effects of antidepressant drug pollution on molluscs: A systematic review protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287582. [PMID: 37368915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environmental prevalence of widely prescribed human pharmaceuticals that target key evolutionary conserved biomolecules present across phyla is concerning. Antidepressants, one of the most widely consumed pharmaceuticals globally, have been developed to target biomolecules modulating monoaminergic neurotransmission, thus interfering with the endogenous regulation of multiple key neurophysiological processes. Furthermore, rising prescription and consumption rates of antidepressants caused by the burgeoning incidence of depression is consistent with increasing reports of antidepressant detection in aquatic environments worldwide. Consequently, there are growing concerns that long-term exposure to environmental levels of antidepressants may cause adverse drug target-specific effects on non-target aquatic organisms. While these concerns have resulted in a considerable body of research addressing a range of toxicological endpoints, drug target-specific effects of environmental levels of different classes of antidepressants in non-target aquatic organisms remain to be understood. Interestingly, evidence suggests that molluscs may be more vulnerable to the effects of antidepressants than any other animal phylum, making them invaluable in understanding the effects of antidepressants on wildlife. Here, a protocol for the systematic review of literature to understand drug target-specific effects of environmental levels of different classes of antidepressants on aquatic molluscs is described. The study will provide critical insight needed to understand and characterize effects of antidepressants relevant to regulatory risk assessment decision-making, and/or direct future research efforts. METHODS The systematic review will be conducted in line with the guidelines by the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence (CEE). A literature search on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, as well as grey literature databases, will be carried out. Using predefined criteria, study selection, critical appraisal and data extraction will be done by multiple reviewers with a web-based evidence synthesis platform. A narrative synthesis of outcomes of selected studies will be presented. The protocol has been registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) registry with the registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/P4H8W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice E Imiuwa
- Faculty of life Sciences, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Baynes
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edwin J Routledge
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
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Palla F, Bucchini AEA, Giamperi L, Marino P, Raimondo FM. Plant Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents in Sustainable Conservation of Erythrina caffra (Fabaceae) Historical Trees. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1098. [PMID: 37508194 PMCID: PMC10376849 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial colonization plays a relevant role in the biodegradation and biodeterioration of cultural and natural heritage, representing a revealing problem in conservation strategy. In this study, the essential oil (EO) and hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), an aromatic perennial plant, representative of the Mediterranean basin, growing spontaneously and cultivated all over the world, were analysed. Natural products, such as essential oil and hydro-alcoholic extract, have strong antiseptic and antimicrobial properties and are ad hoc applied for the sustainable conservation of Erithryna caffra (Fabaceae). The main taxa revealed in the damaging of these arboreal heritage, are Bacillus sp., Streptomyces sp. and Terribacillus sp. (as bacteria), Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp. and Chaetomium sp. (as fungi). GS-MS analysis identified carvacrol, thymol and their biosynthetic precursors γ-terpinene and p-cymene, as main components, and the antimicrobial efficiency assayed by in vitro methods (Agar Dish Diffusion, Well Plate Diffusion). In this study, by combining the application/exposure of both HAE and EO, the bacterial and fungal colonies development has been in vitro countered. The results confirm the possible use of plant products as a valid alternative to the traditional synthetic chemical biocides, with full respect to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Palla
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies/Section of Botany, Anthropology and Zoology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anahì E A Bucchini
- Botanical Garden, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- PLANTA/Center for Research, Documentation, and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Giamperi
- Botanical Garden, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, Italy
- PLANTA/Center for Research, Documentation, and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marino
- PLANTA/Center for Research, Documentation, and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco M Raimondo
- PLANTA/Center for Research, Documentation, and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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31
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Gomez AL, Altamirano GA, Alcaraz MR, Montemurro M, Schierano-Marotti G, Oddi SL, Culzoni MJ, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Bosquiazzo VL, Kass L. Mammary Gland Development in Male Rats Perinatally Exposed to Propiconazole, Glyphosate, or their Mixture. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 101:104184. [PMID: 37328086 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether perinatal exposure to propiconazole (PRO), glyphosate (GLY) or their mixture (PROGLY) alters key endocrine pathways and the development of the male rat mammary gland. To this end, pregnant rats were orally exposed to vehicle, PRO, GLY, or a mixture of PRO and GLY from gestation day 9 until weaning. Male offspring were euthanized on postnatal day (PND) 21 and PND60. On PND21, GLY-exposed rats showed reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation, whereas PRO-exposed ones showed increased ductal p-Erk1/2 expression without histomorphological alterations. On PND60, GLY-exposed rats showed reduced mammary gland area and estrogen receptor alpha expression and increased aromatase expression, whereas PRO-exposed ones showed enhanced lobuloalveolar development and increased lobular hyperplasia. However, PROGLY did not modify any of the endpoints evaluated. In summary, PRO and GLY modified the expression of key molecules and the development of the male mammary gland individually but not together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen L Gomez
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Altamirano
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mirta R Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Milagros Montemurro
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Schierano-Marotti
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sofia L Oddi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María J Culzoni
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Verónica L Bosquiazzo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Laura Kass
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Sol Dourdin T, Rivière G, Cormier A, Di Poi C, Guyomard K, Rabiller M, Akcha F, Bah Sadialiou T, Le Monier P, Sussarellu R. Molecular and phenotypic effects of early exposure to an environmentally relevant pesticide mixture in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121472. [PMID: 36965683 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early life stages are crucial for organism development, especially for those displaying external fertilization, whose gametes and early stages face environmental stressors such as xenobiotics. The pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is considered a model species in ecotoxicology because of its ecological characteristics (benthic, sessile, filter feeding). So far studies have investigated the impact of xenobiotics at embryotoxic, genotoxic and physiological endpoints, sometimes at the multigenerational scale, highlighting the role of epigenetic mechanisms in transmitting alterations induced by exposure to single xenobiotics. However, to date, little is known about the impact of environmentally-mimicking contaminants cocktails. Thus, we examined the impact of an early exposure to environmentally relevant mixture on the Pacific oyster life history. We studied transcriptomic, epigenetic and physiological alterations induced in oysters exposed to 18 pesticides and metals at environmental concentration (nominal sum concentration: 2.85 μg.L-1, measured sum concentration: 3.74 ± 0.013 μg.L-1) during embryo-larval stage (0-48 h post fertilization, hpf). No significant differences in embryo-larval abnormalities at 24 hpf were observed during larval and spat rearing; the swimming behaviour of exposed individuals was disturbed, while they were longer and heavier at specific time points, and exhibited a lower epinephrine-induced metamorphosis rate as well as a higher survival rate in the field. In addition, RNA-seq analyses of gastrula embryos revealed the differential expression of development-related genes (e.g. Hox orthologues and cell cycle regulators) between control and exposed oysters. Whole-genome DNA methylation analyses demonstrated a significant modification of DNA methylation in exposed larvae marked by a demethylation trend. Those findings suggest that early exposure to an environmentally relevant pesticide mixture induces multi-scale latent effects possibly affecting life history traits in the Pacific oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sol Dourdin
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, Nantes, France.
| | - Guillaume Rivière
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), UMR8067, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Caen Normandie (UCN), Université des Antilles (UA), 75231, Paris, CEDEX, France
| | | | - Carole Di Poi
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), France
| | | | | | - Farida Akcha
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, Nantes, France
| | | | - Pauline Le Monier
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins, Nantes, France
| | - Rossana Sussarellu
- Ifremer, Physiologie et Toxines des Microalgues Toxiques, Nantes, France
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Almeida Roque AD, Neto FF, Cosio C, Barjhoux I, Ribeiro CADO, Rioult D. IMMUNOTOXICITY OF RELEVANT MIXTURES OF PESTICIDES AND METABOLITES ON THP-1 CELLS. Toxicology 2023:153557. [PMID: 37236337 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to combat agricultural pests but also trigger side effects on non-target organisms. Particularly, immune system dysregulation is a major concern due to the organism's increased vulnerability to diseases, including cancer development. Macrophages play essential roles in innate and adaptive immunity and can undergo classical (M1) or alternative (M2) activation. The M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype has an antitumor role, while M2 favors tumor promotion. Although previous studies have linked pesticide exposure to immune compromise, macrophage polarization is still poorly studied. Here, we investigated the effects of 72 h-long exposure to the mixture of four pesticides widely used in Brazil (glyphosate, 2,4-D, mancozeb, and atrazine), and their main metabolites (aminomethylphosphonic acid, 2,4-diclorophenol, ethylenethiourea, and desethylatrazine) on human leukemia monocytic THP-1 cell line at concentrations based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value established in the country. The data revealed immunotoxicity related to impaired cell metabolism in all exposed groups, decreased cell attachment (Pes: 10-1; Met: 10-1; Mix: all concentrations), and disturbance in nitric oxide (NO) levels (Met: 10-1, 101; Mix: all concentrations). The polarization of macrophages towards a more pro-tumor M2-like phenotype was also supported by decreased secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (Pes 100, 101) and increased IL-8 (Pes 101). These outcomes alert about the risk of pesticide exposure in the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliciane De Almeida Roque
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Iris Barjhoux
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, PO Box: 19031, CEP: 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Damien Rioult
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, 51097 Reims, France; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Plateau Technique Mobile de Cytométrie Environnementale MOBICYTE - INERIS, 51097 Reims, France.
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Wang M, Zhou M, Tan Q, Yu L, Dong C, Liang R, Liu W, Zhang Y, Li M, Nie X, Jing T, Chen W. Triazine herbicides exposure, natural immunoglobulin M antibodies, and fasting plasma glucose changes: Association and mediation analyses in general Chinese urban adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121833. [PMID: 37201570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of triazine herbicides on glucose metabolism remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the associations between serum triazine herbicides and glycemia-related risk indicators in general adults, and to evaluate the mediating role of natural immunoglobulin M antibodies (IgM) in the above associations among uninfected participants. We measured the concentrations of atrazine, cyanazine, and IgM in serum, as well as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and fasting plasma insulin in 4423 adult participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort baseline population, enrolled in 2011-2012. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the associations of serum triazine herbicides with glycemia-related risk indicators, and mediation analyses were performed to evaluate the mediating role of serum IgM in the above associations. The median levels of serum atrazine and cyanazine were 0.0237 μg/L and 0.0786 μg/L, respectively. Our study found significant positive associations of serum atrazine, cyanazine, and Σtriazine with FPG levels, risk of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), abnormal glucose regulation (AGR), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Additionally, serum cyanazine and Σtriazine were found to be significant positive associated with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels. Significant negative linear relationships were observed in associations of serum IgM with serum triazine herbicides, FPG, HOMA-IR levels, the prevalence of T2D, and AGR (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significant mediating role by IgM in the associations of serum triazine herbicides with FPG, HOMA-IR, and AGR, with the proportions ranging from 2.96% to 7.71%. To ensure the stability of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses in normoglycemic participants and found that the association of serum IgM with FPG and the mediating role by IgM remained stable. Our results suggest that triazine herbicides exposure is positively associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, and decreasing serum IgM may partly mediate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Qiyou Tan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chaoqian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ruyi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Minjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - XiuQuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Brovini EM, Quadra GR, Paranaíba JR, Carvalho L, Pereira RDO, de Aquino SF. Occurrence and environmental risk assessment of 22 pesticides in Brazilian freshwaters. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 260:106566. [PMID: 37196509 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide contamination in water resources is a global threat. Although usually found at low concentrations, pesticides raise considerable toxicological concerns, mainly when mixtures are considered. The occurrence of 22 pesticides (2,4 D, alachlor, aldicarb, aldrin, atrazine, carbendazim, carbofuran, chlordane, chlorpyrifos, DDT, diuron, glyphosate, lindane, mancozeb, methamidophos, metolachlor, molinate, profenofos, simazine, tebuconazole, terbufos, and trifluralin) was investigated, through consolidated database information, in surface freshwaters of Brazil. Moreover, scenarios of environmental risk assessment considering isolated compounds and mixtures were performed, as well as a meta-analytic approach for toxicity purposes. Pesticides in freshwater have been reported from 719 cities (12.9% of Brazilian cities), where 179 (3.2%) showed pesticide occurrence above the limit of detection or quantification. Considering cities with more than five quantified, 16 cities were prone to environmental risks considering individual risks. However, the number increased to 117 cities when the pesticide mixture was considered. The mixture risk was driven by atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and DDT. The national maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC) for nearly all pesticides are higher than the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) for the species evaluated, except aldrin. Our results show the need to consider mixtures in the environmental risk assessment to avoid underestimation and review MAC to protect aquatic ecosystems. The results presented here may guide the revision of the national environmental legislation to ensure the protection of Brazilian aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emília Marques Brovini
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Gabrielle Rabelo Quadra
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - José R Paranaíba
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luana Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora - MG 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Renata de Oliveira Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Francisco de Aquino
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400-000, Brazil
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Cresto N, Forner-Piquer I, Baig A, Chatterjee M, Perroy J, Goracci J, Marchi N. Pesticides at brain borders: Impact on the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, and neurological risk trajectories. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138251. [PMID: 36878369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are omnipresent, and they pose significant environmental and health risks. Translational studies indicate that acute exposure to high pesticide levels is detrimental, and prolonged contact with low concentrations of pesticides, as single and cocktail, could represent a risk factor for multi-organ pathophysiology, including the brain. Within this research template, we focus on pesticides' impact on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation, physical and immunological borders for the homeostatic control of the central nervous system (CNS) neuronal networks. We examine the evidence supporting a link between pre- and postnatal pesticide exposure, neuroinflammatory responses, and time-depend vulnerability footprints in the brain. Because of the pathological influence of BBB damage and inflammation on neuronal transmission from early development, varying exposures to pesticides could represent a danger, perhaps accelerating adverse neurological trajectories during aging. Refining our understanding of how pesticides influence brain barriers and borders could enable the implementation of pesticide-specific regulatory measures directly relevant to environmental neuroethics, the exposome, and one-health frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Cresto
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabel Forner-Piquer
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Asma Baig
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mousumi Chatterjee
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Nicola Marchi
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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de Almeida Roque A, da Luz JZ, Santurio MTK, Neto FF, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA. Complex mixtures of pesticides and metabolites modulate the malignant phenotype of murine melanoma B16-F1 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47366-47380. [PMID: 36738412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides use increased worldwide with a record in Brazil. Although several works addressed the effects of pesticides on living organisms, only a few considered their mixture, and even fewer tried to unravel their role in tumoral progression. Due to the relevance of cancer, in the present study, the effects of the mixture of pesticides widely used in Brazil (Glyphosate, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Mancozeb, Atrazine, Acephate, and Paraquat) and their main metabolites (Aminomethylphosphonic Acid, 2,4-diclorophenol, Ethylenethiourea, Desethylatrazine, Methamidophos, and Paraquat) were investigated on the malignancy phenotype of murine melanoma B16-F1 cells after acute (24 h) and chronic (15 days) exposures. The tested concentrations were based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value established by Brazilian legislation. The set of results showed that these chemicals modulate important parameters of tumor progression, affecting the expression of genes related to tumor aggressiveness (Mmp14 and Cd44) and multidrug resistance (Abcb1, Abcc1, and Abcc4), as well as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (Timp1, Timp2, and Timp3). These findings revealed an absence of cytotoxicity but showed modulation of migration, invasion, and colonization capacity of B16-F1 cells. Together, the results point to some negative ways that exposure to pesticides can affect the progression of melanoma and raise a concern related to the increasing trend in pesticide use in Brazil, as the country is one of the major world food suppliers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliciane de Almeida Roque
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Jessica Zablocki da Luz
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Michelle Thays Khun Santurio
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 81531-980, Brazil.
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Hu G, Wang H, Zhu J, Zhou L, Li X, Wang Q, Wang Y. Combined toxicity of acetamiprid and cadmium to larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) based on metabolomic analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161539. [PMID: 36642268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants, such as neonicotinoid pesticide acetamiprid (Ace), are frequently detected in the water environment, which can interact with existing heavy metal cadmium (Cd) to produce unpredicted influence. Limited studies have evaluated the effects of multiple pollutant exposures on aquatic animals. Here, we characterized the joint toxicity of Ace and Cd exposure to zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results revealed that Cd and its combined exposure with Ace had an inhibitory effect on the growth of larval zebrafish and induced morphological defects. Combined exposure to high doses of Ace and Cd could significantly reduce the levels of TG, glucose, and pyruvate in larval zebrafish. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that Cd treatment (285) produced more differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) than Ace treatment (115), and combined treatment produced the most DEMs (294). The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that they could disrupt riboflavin metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and glycolipid metabolism in the larvae of D. rerio. ELISA showed that VB2, FMN, and FAD levels were significantly increased. In addition, gene expression analysis exhibited that the mRNA levels of essential genes related to glycolipid metabolism were substantially affected, such as PK, PEPckc, PPAR-α, and FABP6. Furthermore, targeted amino acid metabolomics confirmed that both single exposure to Cd and combined exposure to Ace and Cd altered the levels of amino acids in larvae, including ALA, ARG, MET, PRO, TYR, VAL, GLY, ORN, and PHE. Taken together, exposure to Ace and Cd, alone or in combination, exerted harmful effects on the individual development, riboflavin metabolism, glycolipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism disorder of D. rerio. These findings highlighted that more attention should be paid to the compound toxicity of chemical mixtures to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China..
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China..
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Jiang W, Yang Z, Tong F, Zhang S, Zhu L, Wang L, Huang L, Liu K, Zheng M, Zhou Y, Hou R, Liu Y. Two birds with one stone: An enzyme-regulated ratiometric fluorescent and photothermal dual-mode probe for organophosphorus pesticide detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 224:115074. [PMID: 36638562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on the oxidase activity and photothermal effect of manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO2 NSs), with thiamine (TH) as the fluorescence response signal and tris (2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) hexahydrate as the reference signal, an enzyme-regulated ratiometric fluorescence and photothermal dual-mode probe was constructed for the quantitative detection of organophosphorus pesticide (OPs) residues. OPs reduced the production of the reductive product thiocholine by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase, thereby regulating the residual amount of MnO2 NSs. With the increase of OPs concentration, the color of the probe solution gradually transitioned from red to blue, and the temperature gradually increased. Using dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos as pesticide models, the developed probes exhibited sensitive responses to OPs in a wide linear range of 0.1-8000 ng/mL. The detection limits of dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos in fluorescence mode were 1.13 × 10-3 ng/mL and 0.86 ng/mL, respectively. The corresponding detection limits in photothermal mode were 1.01 ng/mL and 1.02 ng/mL, respectively. The proposed probe displayed excellent anti-interference and reliability in the analysis of OPs residues in real samples. The dual-mode probe with self-verification function is expected to provide more accurate and robust detection results than the single-mode probe, and has a wider application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lunjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yibin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yingnan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Molecular and Biochemical Evidence of the Toxic Effects of Terbuthylazine and Malathion in Zebrafish. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061029. [PMID: 36978570 PMCID: PMC10044699 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research sought to determine the molecular and biochemical effects of environmentally relevant exposure to commonly used chloro-s-triazine herbicide terbuthylazine and organophosphate insecticide malathion on zebrafish. To this aim, mature zebrafish were exposed to 2 and 30 µg L−1 terbuthylazine and 5 and 50 µg L−1 malathion alone and in combination for 14 days. Aside from the accumulation of TBARS and protein carbonyls, a decrease in antioxidants and succinate dehydrogenase activity, an increase in oxidized glutathione, and enhanced apoptosis via Caspase-3 and BAX overexpression were observed. Furthermore, terbuthylazine and malathion induced mitochondrial swelling (up to 210% after single exposure and up to 470% after co-exposure) and lactate dehydrogenase leakage (up to 268% after single exposure and up to 570% after co-exposure) in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant upregulation of ubiquitin expression and increased cathepsin D activity were characteristics that appeared only upon terbuthylazine exposure, whereas the induction of IgM was identified as the specific characteristic of malathion toxicity. Meanwhile, no alterations in the zebrafish hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis was observed. Co-exposure increased the adverse effects of individual pesticides on zebrafish. This study should improve the understanding of the mechanisms of pesticide toxicity that lead to fish impairment and biodiversity decline.
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Lopes Alves PR, de Araújo RS, Ogliari Bandeira F, Matias WG. Individual and combined toxicity of imidacloprid and two seed dressing insecticides on collembolans Folsomia candida. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:166-179. [PMID: 36756738 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2174464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the chronic toxicity of imidacloprid (IMI), clothianidin (CLO) and fipronil (FIP) as a single exposure, as well as binary mixtures of IMI with CLO or FIP toward collembolans Folsomia candida, which are fauna present in the soil. Chronic toxicity assays were performed following an ISO guideline in a Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS), and the influence on the number and growth of the juveniles produced were determined. The range of nominal concentrations used in the tests with the individual compounds was 0.08-1.28 mg/kg (IMI), 0.079-1.264 mg/kg (FIP) and 0.007-0.112 mg/kg (CLO), whereas the mixture assays were performed with half the value used in the tests with individual compounds. Based upon single exposures, IMI produced a similar impact of reducing reproduction by 50% (EC50 ranging from 0.74 to 0.85 mg/kg) compared to FIP (EC50 = 0.78 mg/kg), whereas CLO was the most toxic to F. candida (EC50 = 0.08 mg/kg). Their mixtures generally resulted in a diminished effect on reproduction, as evidenced by the higher EC50 values. In contrast, in the case of the IMI+FIP combination at high concentrations at the EC50 level, a synergistic effect on toxicity was observed. The single exposure to the three insecticides and the mixture of IMI-FIP also decreased the size of generated juveniles, which was evidenced by the reduction in the proportion of large juveniles and increased proportion of small juveniles. However, both binary mixtures (IMI-FIP and IMI-CLO) presented antagonistic effects as evidenced by less than expected reductions in growth. Data on the toxic effects of IMI in a mixture with other seed dressing insecticides to collembolans provides useful information to environmental risk assessors by diminishing the uncertainties on the ecological risk of exposure to pesticides, enabling soil management degradation by utilizing multiple insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felipe Ogliari Bandeira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - William Gerson Matias
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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de Oliveira DM, Agostinetto L, Siegloch AE. Comparison of the drinking water standard for pesticides of the Brazil with other countries. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13783. [PMID: 36873476 PMCID: PMC9976313 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to compare the types and concentrations of pesticides allowed in the water potability standard for human supply in Brazil with other countries considered to be the largest consumers of pesticides in dollars invested in purchase/trade. This is a descriptive and documentary study, with data collection in regulations available in official government websites in Brazil, USA, China, Japan, France, Germany, Canada, Argentina, India, Italy, and World Health Organization (WHO). Since Germany, France and Italy are part of the European Union (EU), the legislative resolution of the European Parliament was adopted. Pesticides number and maximum permitted values (MPV) differ between the countries and WHO. In the Brazilian ordinance there are forty pesticides, a number like the USA, Canada, China, and WHO, but that represents only 8% of the total pesticides registered for agricultural use in Brazil. When comparing the ordinance of Brazil with EU the values are only the same for Aldrin + Dieldrin. For other, amounts between 2 and 5000 times more are allowed in Brazil. Brazilian regulations do not establish a total value for the mixture of pesticides in water, only individual limits, which together can reach 1677.13 μg/L, while in EU standards it is only 0.5 μg/L. The study showed discrepancies of the pesticides allowed in water potability standard of the Brazil with other countries, but features 12 pesticides with the same concentrations as WHO guidelines, thus, a worldwide standardization in water potability regulations is necessary to promote health and reducing risk of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinoraide Mota de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Planalto Catarinense - UNIPLAC, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Lenita Agostinetto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Planalto Catarinense - UNIPLAC, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Ana Emilia Siegloch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Planalto Catarinense - UNIPLAC, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
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Mixture effects of thiamethoxam and seven pesticides with different modes of action on honey bees (Aplis mellifera). Sci Rep 2023; 13:2679. [PMID: 36792894 PMCID: PMC9932168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29837-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though honey bees in the field are routinely exposed to a complex mixture of many different agrochemicals, few studies have surveyed toxic effects of pesticide mixtures on bees. To elucidate the interactive actions of pesticides on crop pollinators, we determined the individual and joint toxicities of thiamethoxam (THI) and other seven pesticides [dimethoate (DIM), methomyl (MET), zeta-cypermethrin (ZCY), cyfluthrin (CYF), permethrin (PER), esfenvalerate (ESF) and tetraconazole (TET)] to honey bees (Aplis mellifera) with feeding toxicity test. Results from the 7-days toxicity test implied that THI elicited the highest toxicity with a LC50 data of 0.25 (0.20-0.29) μg mL-1, followed by MET and DIM with LC50 data of 4.19 (3.58-4.88) and 5.30 (4.65-6.03) μg mL-1, respectively. By comparison, pyrethroids and TET possessed relatively low toxicities with their LC50 data from the range of 33.78 (29.12-38.39) to 1125 (922.4-1,442) μg mL-1. Among 98 evaluated THI-containing binary to octonary mixtures, 29.59% of combinations exhibited synergistic effects. In contrast, 18.37% of combinations exhibited antagonistic effects on A. mellifera. Moreover, 54.8% pesticide combinations incorporating THI and TET displayed synergistic toxicities to the insects. Our findings emphasized that the coexistence of several pesticides might induce enhanced toxicity to honey bees. Overall, our results afforded worthful toxicological information on the combined actions of neonicotinoids and current-use pesticides on honey bees, which could accelerate farther comprehend on the possible detriments of other pesticide mixtures in agro-environment.
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Cang T, Lou Y, Zhu YC, Li W, Weng H, Lv L, Wang Y. Mixture toxicities of tetrachlorantraniliprole and tebuconazole to honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and the potential mechanism. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107764. [PMID: 36689864 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of pesticides has negative effects on the health of insect pollinators. Although pollinators in the field are seldom exposed to individual pesticides, few reports have assessed the toxic impacts of pesticide combinations on them. In this work, we purposed to reveal the combined impacts of tetrachlorantraniliprole (TET) and tebuconazole (TEB) on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Our data exhibited that TET had greater toxicity to A. mellifera (96-h LC50 value of 298.2 mg a.i. L-1) than TEB (96-h LC50 value of 1,841 mg a.i. L-1). The mixture of TET and TEB displayed acute synergistic toxicity to the pollinators. Meanwhile, the activities of CarE, CYP450, trypsin, and sucrase, as well as the expressions of five genes (ppo, abaecin, cat, CYP4G11, and CYP6AS14) associated with immune response, oxidative stress, and detoxification metabolism, were conspicuously altered when exposed to the mixture relative to the individual exposures. These results provided an overall comprehension of honey bees upon the challenge of sublethal toxicity between neonicotinoid insecticides and triazole fungicides and could be used to assess the intricate toxic mechanisms in honey bees when exposed to pesticide mixtures. Additionally, these results might guide pesticide regulation strategies to enhance the honey bee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yancen Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Wenhong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China; Guizhou Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Wang D, Lv L, Gao Z, Zhu YC, Weng H, Yang G, Wang Y. Joint toxic effects of thiamethoxam and flusilazole on the adult worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120806. [PMID: 36470454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Insect pollinators are routinely exposed to a complex mixture of many pesticides. However, traditional environmental risk assessment is only carried out based on ecotoxicological data of single substances. In this context, we aimed to explore the potential effects when worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were simultaneously challenged by thiamethoxam (TMX) and flusilazole (FSZ). Results displayed that TMX possessed higher toxicity to A. mellifera (96-h LC50 value of 0.11 mg a. i. L-1) than FSZ (96-h LC50 value of 738 mg a. i. L-1). Furthermore, the mixture of TMX and FSZ exhibited an acute synergistic impact on the pollinators. Meanwhile, the activities of SOD, caspase 3, caspase 9, and PPO, as well as the expressions of six genes (abaecin, dorsal-2, defensin-2, vtg, caspase-1, and CYP6AS14) associated with oxidative stress, immune response, lifespan, cell apoptosis, and detoxification metabolism were noteworthily varied in the individual and mixture challenges than at the baseline level. These data revealed that it is imminently essential to investigate the combined toxicity of pesticides since the toxicity evaluation from individual compounds toward honey bees may underestimate the toxicity in realistic conditions. Overall, the present results could help understand the potential contribution of pesticide mixtures to the decline of bee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhongwen Gao
- Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Häsler Gunnarsdottir S, Sommerauer L, Schnabel T, Oostingh GJ, Schuster A. Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Bark Extracts from Common European Trees in Light of Dermal Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010130. [PMID: 36671331 PMCID: PMC9854852 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species have developed effective defense strategies for colonizing diverse habitats and protecting themselves from numerous attacks from a wide range of organisms, including insects, vertebrates, fungi, and bacteria. The bark of trees in particular constitutes a number of components that protect against unwanted intruders. This review focuses on the antioxidative, dermal immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties of bark extracts from European common temperate trees in light of various skin pathogens, wound healing, and the maintenance of skin health. The sustainability aspect, achieved by utilizing the bark, which is considered a byproduct in the forest industry, is addressed, as are various extraction methods applied to retrieve extracts from bark.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Sommerauer
- Department of Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria
- Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, c/o Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schnabel
- Department of Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria
- Faculty of Furniture Design and Wood Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, B-dul. Eroilor nr. 29, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gertie Janneke Oostingh
- Biomedical Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Sued 1, 5412 Puch, Austria
| | - Anja Schuster
- Biomedical Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Sued 1, 5412 Puch, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Chemical Profiles, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Four Different Lavandula angustifolia L. EOs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010392. [PMID: 36615586 PMCID: PMC9822278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia L., known as lavender, is an economically important Lamiaceae due to the production of essential oils (EOs) for the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical industries. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of EOs isolated from four inflorescences of L. angustifolia L. collected in different geographical areas: central-southern Italy (LaCC, LaPE, LaPS) and southern France (LaPRV). The essential oils, obtained by steam distillation from plants at the full flowering stage, were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). More than 70 components identified in each sample showed significant variability among the main constituents. The four EOs analyzed contained the following as main component: linalool (from 30.02% to 39.73%), borneol (13.65% in LaPE and 16.83% in La PS), linalyl acetate (24.34% in LaCC and 31.07% in LaPRV). The EOs were also evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against two white rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes cingulata) as potential natural biodeteriogens in the artworks field, and against Sclerotium rolfsii, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium verticilloides responsible for significant crop yield losses in tropical and subtropical areas. The results confirm a concentration-dependent toxicity pattern, where the fungal species show different sensitivity to the four EOs. The in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH assay showed better scavenging activity on LaCC (IC50 26.26 mg/mL) and LaPRV (IC50 33.53 mg/mL), followed by LaPE (IC50 48.00 mg/mL) and LaPS (IC50 49.63 mg/mL). The potential application of EOs as a green method to control biodeterioration phenomena on a work of art on wood timber dated 1876 was evaluated.
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Singh H, Lonare MK, Sharma M, Udehiya R, Singla S, Saini SP, Dumka VK. Interactive effect of carbendazim and imidacloprid on buffalo bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells: oxidative stress, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:35-49. [PMID: 34844488 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2007023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a combination of two pesticides, carbendazim (CBZ) and imidacloprid (IMI), was investigated on mesenchymal stem cells derived from the bone marrow of buffalo (bMSCs). The bMSCs were exposed to the CBZ (2.25 µM, 4.49 µM, and 8.98 µM) and IMI (0.81 mM, 1.61 mM, and 3.22 mM) alone as well as in combinations. The bMSCs were found to be positive for the stem cell markers, AP, CD73, and OCT4. The bMSCs showed a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in cell viability, and status of anti-oxidants while a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the level of LDH, ALP, and CK-MB in CBZ and IMI-treated groups. A significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) was noticed in LPO, O2─ radical, total ROS, loss of ΔΨm, apoptotic index, and DNA damage in CBZ and IMI-treated groups. A low-dose combination group showed an elevated effect compared to the groups treated with the single pesticide. The interaction index was calculated for CBZ-IMI combined treatment groups on various parameters that showed the majority of antagonist effects. Present findings confirmed that CBZ and IMI-induced cytotoxicity in bMSCs was mediated via ROS production, altered ΔΨm and LPO along with depressed antioxidant status which was responsible for cell apoptosis and cell damage. This study suggested that CBZ and IMI had a dose-dependent toxic effect when the pesticides were used alone, while, co-exposure to both the pesticides simultaneously had an antagonist or non-additive effect on buffalo bMSCs at lower dose combinations and they induced a potentiating effect at high-dose combination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rahul Udehiya
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Saloni Singla
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
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Penagos-Tabares F, Sulyok M, Faas J, Krska R, Khiaosa-Ard R, Zebeli Q. Residues of pesticides and veterinary drugs in diets of dairy cattle from conventional and organic farms in Austria. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120626. [PMID: 36370968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture depends highly on pesticides and pharmaceutical preparations, so controlling exposure to these substances in the feed and food chain is essential. This article presents the first study on residues of a broad spectrum of pesticides and veterinary drugs in the diets of dairy cattle. One hundred and two representative samples of the complete diets, including basal feed rations and additional fed concentrate, were collected in three Austrian provinces (Styria, Lower and Upper Austria) in 2019 and 2020. The samples were tested for >700 pesticides, veterinary drugs and related metabolites using a validated method based on liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). In total, 16 residues (13 pesticides and three veterinary drug residues) were detected. > 90% of the diets contained pesticide residues and <10% veterinary drug residues, whereas banned pesticides were not found. The most frequent pesticide residues were fluopyram (62%), piperonyl butoxide (39%) and diethyltoluamide (35%). The following pesticides exceed the default EU maximum residue level (MRL) (10 μg kg-1) for products exclusively used for animal feed production: Benzovindiflupyr (proportion of samples > MRLs: 1%), bixafen (2%), fluopyram (6%), ipconazole (1%) and tebuconazole (3%). Three residues (dinitrocarbanilide, monensin and nicarbazin) of veterinary drugs were identified, all below the MRLs. Over 60% of the evaluated samples contained mixtures of two to six residues/sample. Only one pesticide (diethyltoluamide) presented a significant difference among regions, with higher concentrations in Upper Austria. Brewery's spent grains were the dietary ingredient that showed the strongest correlation to pesticide residues. These findings evidence the realistic scenario of highly occurrent low doses of pesticides cocktails in the feed/food chain, which may affect the animal, human and environmental health. Since the risk assessments are based on single pesticides, the potential synergistic effect of co-occurring chemicals ("cocktail effect") requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Penagos-Tabares
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
| | - Michael Sulyok
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
| | - Johannes Faas
- DSM - BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln, 3430, Austria.
| | - Rudolf Krska
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Ratchaneewan Khiaosa-Ard
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
| | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria; Christian-Doppler-Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts in Livestock (CDL-LiveGUT), Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria.
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50
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Urseler N, Bachetti R, Biolé F, Morgante V, Morgante C. Atrazine pollution in groundwater and raw bovine milk: Water quality, bioaccumulation and human risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158498. [PMID: 36063942 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine herbicide can bioaccumulate over time and thus affect humans for generations to come. However, scarce studies have evaluated its bioaccumulation potential in bovine milk, a nutritional staple for children and the elderly both domestically and internationally. This study aimed to determine its concentration in groundwater and bovine milk, as well as the risks it is likely to pose for human health. Eighteen dairy farms in the Pampean plain of Argentina were analyzed. A strong correlation was found between the chemical composition and the geomorphological characteristics of the plain. In addition, increased salinity was observed in the groundwater at greater distances from the aquifer's recharge area. Atrazine was quantified in 50 % of the groundwater samples (at values ranging from 0.07 to 1.40 μg/L), and in 89 % of the bovine milk samples (from 2.51 to 20.97 μg/L). Moreover, atrazine levels in 44.4 % of the groundwater samples and 11.1 % of the bovine milk samples (n = 18) exceeded the limits internationally established as safe for human consumption. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of the compound were negligible for children and adults, both in groundwater (child = 9.7E-4, adult = 4.5E-4) and in milk (child = 1.0E-2, adult = 1.6E-3). The estimated cancer risk (CR) values need further evaluation (child = 7.8E-6, adult = 3.6E-6 in groundwater; child = 6.6E-5, adult = 1.3E-5 in milk). In both types of samples, the HQ and CR of residual atrazine were higher for children than for adults. Nevertheless, bioaccumulation factors suggest that dairy cows have a moderate capacity to incorporate atrazine from abiotic matrices. This is the first report on residual atrazine in bovine milk in Argentina. The results presented here indicate that the status of atrazine contamination in the area should continue to be monitored in order to assess its long-term impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Urseler
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas (IAPCByA), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agro-alimentaria y Biotecnológica, IMITAB-CONICET, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555 (CP 5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Romina Bachetti
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas (IAPCByA), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agro-alimentaria y Biotecnológica, IMITAB-CONICET, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555 (CP 5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Biolé
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas (IAPCByA), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agro-alimentaria y Biotecnológica, IMITAB-CONICET, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555 (CP 5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica Morgante
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Carolina Morgante
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas (IAPCByA), Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agro-alimentaria y Biotecnológica, IMITAB-CONICET, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555 (CP 5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
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