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Meligi NM, Dyab AKF. Natural sporopollenin microcapsules: biological evaluation and application in regulating hepatic toxicity of diclofenac sodium in vivo. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6193-6209. [PMID: 37522344 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00638g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DIC) is a pain reliever and anti-nociceptive medication. Significant limitations of DIC treatment stem from its adverse effects. This study investigates the feasibility of using natural Lycopodium clavatum sporopollenin (LCS) microcapsules loaded with DIC to mitigate the hepatotoxicity associated with DIC treatment. In addition, LCS microcapsules were tracked in the blood, stomach, small intestine, and feces of rats to demonstrate their morphological integrity and uptake behavior. Four groups (6 per group) of adult male albino rats were administered normal saline (control), empty LCS (30 mg kg-1), plain DIC (10 mg kg-1), and DIC-loaded LCS (40 mg kg-1) orally for seven consecutive days. The first comprehensive histological examination of the rat stomach demonstrated the robustness and bioadhesion ability of LCS under severe conditions. The findings suggested that these versatile microcapsules are unlikely to be digested in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The administration of DIC-loaded LCS was found to play a potential protective role in regulating DIC-induced substantially increased serum levels of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, DIC-loaded LCS restored the antioxidant enzymes, DNA damage, and liver histological architecture abnormalities caused by DIC. Microencapsulation of DIC into pollen-derived biomaterials could be employed as an efficient platform with enough safety coverage on rat liver, pending further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Meligi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Amro K F Dyab
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
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Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9990091. [PMID: 34422219 PMCID: PMC8376442 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells' infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Hassan RA, Hozayen WG, Abo Sree HT, Al-Muzafar HM, Amin KA, Ahmed OM. Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1-14. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells’ infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Walaa G. Hozayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Haidy T. Abo Sree
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hessah M. Al-Muzafar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A. Amin
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Small-Dose Sunitinib Modulates p53, Bcl-2, STAT3, and ERK1/2 Pathways and Protects against Adenine-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110397. [PMID: 33212804 PMCID: PMC7698013 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic use of numerous pharmacological agents may be limited due to their nephrotoxicity and associated kidney injury. The aim of our study is to test the hypothesis that the blockade of tyrosine kinase-linked receptors signaling protects against chemically induced nephrotoxicity. To test our hypothesis, we investigated sunitinib as an inhibitor for tyrosine kinase signaling for both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) against adenine-induced nephrotoxicity. Four groups of adult male Swiss albino mice were investigated: normal group, adenine group, sunitinib group, and the adenine+sunitinib group that received concurrent administration for both adenine and sunitinib. Kidney function and oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed. Tubular injury and histopathological changes were examined. Renal expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), the tumor suppressor p53, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), and phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription (phospho-STAT3) were measured. The results obtained showed significant improvement (p < 0.05) in kidney function and antioxidant biomarkers in the adenine+sunitinib group. Kidney fibrosis and tubular injury scores were significantly (p < 0.05) less in the adenine+sunitinib group and that of p53 expression as well. Furthermore, sunitinib decreased (p < 0.5) renal levels of TGF-β1, p-ERK1/2, and phospho-STAT3 while elevating Bcl-2 expression score. In conclusion, sunitinib diminished adenine-induced nephrotoxicity through interfering with profibrogenic pathways, activating anti-apoptotic mechanisms, and possessing potential antioxidant capabilities.
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Zhao Q, Zhang T, Xiao X, Huang J, Wang Y, Gonzalez FJ, Li F. Impaired clearance of sunitinib leads to metabolic disorders and hepatotoxicity. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2162-2178. [PMID: 30875096 PMCID: PMC6555861 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sunitinib is a small-molecule TK inhibitor associated with hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms of its toxicity are still unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In the present study, mice were treated with 60, 150, and 450 mg·kg-1 sunitinib to evaluate sunitinib hepatotoxicity. Sunitinib metabolites and endogenous metabolites in liver, serum, faeces, and urine were analysed using ultra-performance LC electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight MS-based metabolomics. KEY RESULTS Four reactive metabolites and impaired clearance of sunitinib in liver played a dominant role in sunitinib-induced hepatotoxicity. Using a non-targeted metabolomics approach, various metabolic pathways, including mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (β-FAO), bile acids, lipids, amino acids, nucleotides, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, were disrupted after sunitinib treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These studies identified significant alterations in mitochondrial β-FAO and bile acid homeostasis. Activation of PPARα and inhibition of xenobiotic metabolism may be of value in attenuating sunitinib hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xue‐Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Jian‐Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of PathologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
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Segarra I, Modamio P, Fernández C, Mariño EL. Sex-Divergent Clinical Outcomes and Precision Medicine: An Important New Role for Institutional Review Boards and Research Ethics Committees. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:488. [PMID: 28785221 PMCID: PMC5519571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The efforts toward individualized medicine have constantly increased in an attempt to improve treatment options. These efforts have led to the development of small molecules which target specific molecular pathways involved in cancer progression. We have reviewed preclinical studies of sunitinib that incorporate sex as a covariate to explore possible sex-based differences in pharmacokinetics and drug–drug interactions (DDI) to attempt a relationship with published clinical outputs. We observed that covariate sex is lacking in most clinical outcome reports and suggest a series of ethic-based proposals to improve research activities and identify relevant different sex outcomes. We propose a deeper integration of preclinical, clinical, and translational research addressing statistical and clinical significance jointly; to embed specific sex-divergent endpoints to evaluate possible gender differences objectively during all stages of research; to pay greater attention to sex-divergent outcomes in polypharmacy scenarios, DDI and bioequivalence studies; the clear reporting of preclinical and clinical findings regarding sex-divergent outcomes; as well as to encourage the active role of scientists and the pharmaceutical industry to foster a new scientific culture through their research programs, practice, and participation in editorial boards and Institutional Ethics Review Boards (IRBs) and Research Ethics Committees (RECs). We establish the IRB/REC as the centerpiece for the implementation of these proposals. We suggest the expansion of its competence to follow up clinical trials to ensure that sex differences are addressed and recognized; to engage in data monitoring committees to improve clinical research cooperation and ethically address those potential clinical outcome differences between male and female patients to analyze their social and clinical implications in research and healthcare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Segarra
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Modamio
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Fernández
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Mariño
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
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Chew CC, Ng S, Chee YL, Koo TW, Liew MH, Chee ELC, Modamio P, Fernández C, Mariño EL, Segarra I. Diclofenac sex-divergent drug-drug interaction with Sunitinib: pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in male and female mice. Invest New Drugs 2017; 35:399-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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da Silva Brum E, da Rosa Moreira L, da Silva ARH, Boligon AA, Carvalho FB, Athayde ML, Brandão R, Oliveira SM. Tabernaemontana catharinensis ethyl acetate fraction presents antinociceptive activity without causing toxicological effects in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:115-124. [PMID: 27321276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tabernaemontana catharinensis (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of painful and inflammatory disorders. Here, we investigated the antinociceptive potential of the ethyl acetate fraction (Eta) from T. catharinensis leaves and assessed its toxic effects in mice to validate its popular use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Swiss mice (30-35g) were used. The Eta antinociceptive effect (200-800mg/kg, oral route (p.o.)) was evaluated in the acetic acid, formalin, capsaicin and tail-immersion tests. Adverse effects were analyzed using rotarod and open-field tests, body temperature, biochemical analysis and gastric lesions assessment. To evaluate the acute (OECD 423) or sub-acute (OECD 407) toxicity of the Eta, it was administered orally at a single (2000mg/kg) or repeated doses (100-400mg/kg/day for 28 days), respectively. Mortality, behavioral changes, biochemical and hematological parameters were evaluated. The Eta effect on cellular viability also was evaluated. RESULTS Eta (200-800mg/kg) inhibited the nociception caused by acetic acid (93.9±1.5%), formalin (86.2±10.8%) or capsaicin (75.4±3.3%) without inducing gastric lesions. Moreover, Eta neither altered the body temperature, biochemical parameters, nor forced or spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. The acute administration of the Eta (2000mg/kg) promoted a decrease in blood glucose levels and alanine aminotransferase activity. In the sub-acute toxicity study, Eta increased the aspartate aminotransferase activity (400mg/kg) and platelet distribution width (200mg/kg). Furthermore, Eta did not alter the cellular viability in cortical slices. CONCLUSIONS Eta presents antinociceptive effects and mild toxicity in mice. These results support its traditional use as a potential analgesic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne da Silva Brum
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laís da Rosa Moreira
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia Regina Haas da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Analysis, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Augusti Boligon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemical Toxicology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Margareth Linde Athayde
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Brandão
- Laboratory of Toxicological Analysis, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemical Toxicology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Sunitinib DDI with paracetamol, diclofenac, mefenamic acid and ibuprofen shows sex-divergent effects on the tissue uptake and distribution pattern of sunitinib in mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:709-18. [PMID: 27495788 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pharmacokinetic interaction of sunitinib with diclofenac, paracetamol, mefenamic acid and ibuprofen was evaluated due to their P450 mediated metabolism and OATP1B1, OATP1B3, ABCB1, ABCG2 transporters overlapping features. METHODS Male and female mice were administered 6 sunitinib doses (60 mg/kg) PO every 12 h and 30 min before the last dose were administered vehicle (control groups), 250 mg/kg paracetamol, 30 mg/kg diclofenac, 50 mg/kg mefenamic acid or 30 mg/kg ibuprofen (study groups), euthanized 6 h post last administration and sunitinib plasma, liver, kidney, brain concentrations analyzed. RESULTS Ibuprofen halved sunitinib plasma concentration in female mice (p < 0.01) and showed 59 % lower concentration than male mice (p < 0.05). Diclofenac and paracetamol female mice showed 45 and 25 % higher plasma concentrations than male mice which were 27 % lower in mefenamic acid female mice. Paracetamol increased 2.2 (p < 0.05) liver and 1.4-fold (p < 0.05) kidney sunitinib concentrations in male mice that were lower in female mice (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). Ibuprofen increased 2.9-fold (p < 0.01) liver concentration in male mice that were higher than in female mice (p < 0.001). Female control mice had 35 % higher sunitinib brain concentration than male mice but the concentration decreased 37, 33, 10 and 57 % in the diclofenac, paracetamol, mefenamic acid and ibuprofen (p < 0.001), respectively. Tissue-plasma concentrations correlations were nonsignificant in control, paracetamol, mefenamic acid and ibuprofen groups but was significant in the diclofenac group in male mice (liver, brain) and female mice (liver, kidney). CONCLUSIONS These results portray gender-based sunitinib pharmacokinetic differences and NSAIDs selective effects on male or female mice, with potential clinical translatability.
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Lau CLL, Chan ST, Selvaratanam M, Khoo HW, Lim AYL, Modamio P, Mariño EL, Segarra I. Sunitinib-ibuprofen drug interaction affects the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of sunitinib to brain, liver, and kidney in male and female mice differently. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:404-16. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Li Ling Lau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Sook Tyng Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Manimegahlai Selvaratanam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Hui Wen Khoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Adeline Yi Ling Lim
- Department of Human Biology; School of Medicine; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Pilar Modamio
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Av. Joan XXIII s/n Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Eduardo L. Mariño
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Av. Joan XXIII s/n Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Ignacio Segarra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; International Medical University; Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Chee ELC, Lim AYL, Modamio P, Fernandez-Lastra C, Segarra I. Sunitinib tissue distribution changes after coadministration with ketoconazole in mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2015; 41:309-19. [PMID: 25656737 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-015-0264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. It is metabolized via CYP3A4 and has low brain penetration due to efflux transporters ABCB1B and ABCG2. We studied the interaction with ketoconazole (50 mg/kg), antifungal drug which shares metabolic pathways and efflux transporters, in ICR female mice after oral coadministration (30 min apart) of 60 mg/kg sunitinib (study group) versus sunitinib alone (control group). Plasma, liver, kidney and brain sunitinib concentrations were measured by HPLC at 2, 5, 10, 20, 40 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 h post-sunitinib administration, and non-compartmental pharmacokinetic parameters estimated. In plasma, ketoconazole coadministration increased plasma maximum concentration (C MAX) 60 %, delayed time to C MAX (T MAX); 1.6-fold greater area under the curve AUC0→∞ (p < 0.001); lower apparent steady-state volume of distribution (V SS/F) and oral clearance (Cl/F) 40 and 61 %, respectively; and shorter elimination half-life (t 1/2). Sunitinib exhibited extensive tissue distribution which increased after ketoconazole coadministration: total area under the curve (AUC0→∞) increased 1.8-, 2.8- and 1.2-fold in kidney, liver and brain, respectively (all p < 0.001). Sunitinib presented high tissue-to-plasma AUC0→∞ ratio in liver (17.8 ± 1.2), kidney (14.6 ± 1.52) and brain (2.25 ± 0.18) which was modified after coadministration: AUC0→∞ ratio increased in liver (31.4 ± 4.7; p < 0.001), kidney (17.1 ± 2.2; p > 0.05) and decreased in brain (1.70 ± 0.23, p > 0.05). The results showed a significant ketoconazole-sunitinib interaction that affected plasma, tissue pharmacokinetics and tissue uptake mechanisms. The study portrays the risk to increase toxicity and potential clinical translatability to treat tumors in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Li-Ching Chee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, International Medical University, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adeline Yi Ling Lim
- Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Medicine, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Road, Prahran, VIC, 3181, Australia
| | - Pilar Modamio
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Cecilia Fernandez-Lastra
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Ignacio Segarra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, International Medical University, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona, 08028, Spain. .,, C/Sant Albert 4, Valldoreix, 08197, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sanchez A, Tripathy D, Yin X, Luo J, Martinez JM, Grammas P. Sunitinib enhances neuronal survival in vitro via NF-κB-mediated signaling and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. J Neuroinflammation 2013; 10:93. [PMID: 23880112 PMCID: PMC3726353 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-10-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is tightly linked to inflammation and cancer. Regulation of angiogenesis is mediated primarily through activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, thus kinase inhibitors represent a new paradigm in anti-cancer therapy. However, these inhibitors have broad effects on inflammatory processes and multiple cell types. Sunitinib is a multitarget receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which has shown promise for the treatment of glioblastoma, a highly vascularized tumor. However, there is little information as to the direct effects of sunitinib on brain-derived neurons. The objective of this study is to explore the effects of sunitinib on neuronal survival as well as on the expression of inflammatory protein mediators in primary cerebral neuronal cultures. METHODS Primary cortical neurons were exposed to various doses of sunitinib. The drug-treated cultures were assessed for survival by MTT assay and cell death by lactate dehydrogenase release. The ability of sunitinib to affect NF-κB, COX2 and NOS2 expression was determined by western blot. The NF-κB inhibitors dicoumarol, SN50 and BAY11-7085 were employed to assess the role of NF-κB in sunitinib-mediated effects on neuronal survival as well as COX2 and NOS2 expression. RESULTS Treatment of neuronal cultures with sunitinib caused a dose-dependent increase in cell survival and decrease in neuronal cell death. Exposure of neurons to sunitinib also induced an increase in the expression of NF-κB, COX2 and NOS2. Inhibiting NF-κB blunted the increase in cell survival and decrease in cell death evoked by sunitinib. Treatment of cell cultures with both sunitinib and NF-κB inhibitors mitigated the increase in COX2 and NOS2 caused by sunitinib. CONCLUSIONS Sunitinib increases neuronal survival and this neurotrophic effect is mediated by NF-κB. Also, the inflammatory proteins COX2 and NOS2 are upregulated by sunitinib in an NF-κB-dependent manner. These data are in agreement with a growing literature suggesting beneficial effects for inflammatory mediators such as NF-κB, COX2 and NOS2 in neurons. Further work is needed to fully explore the effects of sunitinib in the brain and its possible use as a treatment for glioblastoma. Finally, sunitinib may be useful for the treatment of a range of central nervous system diseases where neuronal injury is prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Sanchez
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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