1
|
Mandal A, Goswami T, Chowdhury S. A Computational Exploration of Exohedrally Transition Metal Doped Si 94- Superatom Based Magnetic MSi 9M' Clusters (M, M' = Sc(II) to Cu(II)). J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9885-9894. [PMID: 37975225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized clusters are drawing immense attention of the scientific community due to their size and composition dependent tunability of physical and chemical properties. Silicon nanoclusters are especially important because of their abundance and ample utility in the domains of electronics and semiconductor industry. Zintl phases of Si offer an excellent opportunity in the domain of nanocluster research owing to their superior stability and multifarious possibilities of tunability of electronic properties through doping with other elements. Doping silicon clusters with transition elements is a prevalent strategy to induce magnetic properties in such clusters. Although doping silicon clusters with single transition metal atoms can induce significant magnetism in nanoclusters, the dominant covalent interaction between silicon and the transition metal causes the magnetic moment to quench. The rational strategy of inducing a sustainable magnetic moment can be to introduce ferromagnetic interaction between two sites carrying nonvanishing magnetic moments. In the present work, such a possibility is explored in terms of the stability of the clusters and corresponding magnetic exchange coupling in them. The Si94-superatomic cluster is doped with two transition metal atoms exohedrally and the neutral clusters designed thereby are investigated computationally if they reduce or reinforce the high stability of the superatom and substantiate the possibility of obtaining nanosized magnetic units as building blocks of tunable materials for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
| | - Tamal Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Raiganj University, Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India
| | - Shubhamoy Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda, West Bengal 732103, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie B, Wang HQ, Li HF, Zeng JK. Structural and electronic properties of Ln2Si6q: (Sm, Eu, Yb; q = 0, −1) clusters. Chem Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
3
|
Geometric, electronic and spectral properties of germanium and Eu-doped germanium clusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
4
|
Lu J, Lu QH, Li XJ. Quantum chemistry calculations of the growth patterns, simulated photoelectron spectra, and electronic properties of LaASi l (A = Sc, Y, La; l ≤ 10) compounds and their anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25679-25688. [PMID: 34755155 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03767f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The growth patterns, simulated photoelectron spectra, and electronic properties of LaASil (A = Sc, Y, and La; l ≤ 10) compounds and their anions were studied via quantum chemistry calculations using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) method and unprejudiced structural searching software ABCluster. The results revealed that the growth patterns of the most stable structures of neutral and anionic LaASil showed an adsorptive mode. The lowest-energy structures (LESs) of the LaASil (l ≤ 7) clusters were similar, except for those of anionic LaYSi4- and LaYSi5- and neutral LaScSi7. Additionally, we investigated and calculated the photoelectron spectra, vertical detachment energies, adiabatic electron affinities, relative stability, charge transfer, magnetic moment, and chemical bond analysis of the LaASil ground-state structures. The La2Sil clusters exhibited higher stability than the LaYSil and LaScSil systems owing to their higher dissociation energies (DEs). The DEs of the LESs in the LaASi3 molecule are higher than those of other clusters. Thus, the LaASi3 cluster shows potential as a building framework for Si-based cluster materials with good stability. The natural population analysis data and chemical bond analysis results showed that the spd hybridization of the orbitals of the metal atoms in the LaASil system occurred. Except for the LaScSi9 and LaScSi10 clusters, the neutral LaASil compounds transform into the corresponding anions when an extra electron is accepted by the Si clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China.
| | - Qing-Hua Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu J, Lu QH, Li XJ. Study on the growth patterns and simulated photoelectron spectroscopy of double vanadium atoms doped silicon clusters V 2Si n(n ≤ 12) and their anions. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1864042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan YW, Wang HQ, Li HF. Probing the structural and electronic properties of anionic europium-doped silicon clusters by density functional theory and comparison of experimental photoelectron spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
7
|
Solvation of lithium ion in helium clusters: Structural properties and relative stabilities. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 98:107582. [PMID: 32200277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Structural study and relative stabilities of Li+-doped helium clusters Li+Hen (n = 1-18) has been reported in this work using two theoretical protocols. The first one is based on the basin-hopping optimization technique, where the total energy of each cluster is described by an additive model describing Li+-He and He-He interactions. The second one is the DFT calculations, in which the initial structures are generated by ABCluster algorithm and CALYPSO software. The CSA shape was found where the first solvation shell is completed at n = 10. The relative stabilities of Li+Hen (n = 1-18) clusters have been discussed based on the variation of the binding energy, second-order difference in energy, fragmentation energy and HOMO-LUMO energy gap as a function of the cluster size. The results showed that Li+He10 is the most stable cluster. The dipole moment is calculated and showed the polar character of the Li+Hen clusters. Finally, the interatomic interactions have been examined topologically by the means of AIM and non-covalent reduced density gradient (NC-RDG) analyses.
Collapse
|
8
|
Farooq U, Naz S, Xu HG, Yang B, Xu XL, Zheng WJ. Recent progress in theoretical and experimental studies of metal-doped silicon clusters: Trend among elements of periodic table. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Chen Y, Yang J, Dong C. Structural and electronic properties of nanosize semiconductor CeSi0/− (n = 4–20) material: A double-hybrid density functional theory investigation. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
10
|
Fan YW, Wang HQ, Li HF. The stability, electronic, and magnetic properties of rare-earth doped silicon-based clusters. J Mol Model 2019; 25:221. [PMID: 31302782 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rare-earth doped silicon-based clusters exhibit remarkable structural, physical, and chemical properties, which make them attractive candidates as building units in designing of cluster-based materials with special optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. The structural, stability, electronic, and magnetic properties of pure silicon Sin + 1 (n = 1-9) and rare-earth doped clusters SinEu (n = 1-9) are investigated using the "stochastic kicking" (SK) global search technique combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was found that: 1) the ground state structures of pure silicon clusters tend to form compact structures rather than cages with the increase of cluster size; 2) the ground state structures for doped species were found to be additional or substitutional sites, and the rare-earth atoms tend to locate on the surface of the silicon clusters; 3) the average binding energy of the doped clusters increased gradually and exhibited the final phenomenon of saturation with the increase of clusters size. The average binding energy of doped clusters was slightly higher than that of pure silicon clusters of the same size, which indicated that the rare-earth atom encapsulated by silicon enhanced the stability of the silicon clusters to some degree; 4) the doped clusters have strong total magnetic moments, which mainly originated from the contribution of rare-earth atoms, whereas the contribution of silicon atoms were almost negligible. As the cluster size increased, the total magnetic moments of binary mixed clusters tended to be stable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Fan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huai-Qian Wang
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, 362021, China.
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, 362021, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Theoretical Study on the Growth Behavior and Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Lanthanum-Doped Silicon Clusters LaSi
n
0/−
(n = 6–20). J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
12
|
Liu Y, Yang J, Cheng L. Structural Stability and Evolution of Scandium-Doped Silicon Clusters: Evolution of Linked to Encapsulated Structures and Its Influence on the Prediction of Electron Affinities for ScSin (n = 4–16) Clusters. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12934-12940. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Simulation, Hohhot 010051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jucai Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Simulation, Hohhot 010051, People’s Republic of China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Simulation, Hohhot 010051, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang Y, Yang J, Cheng L. Probing Structure, Thermochemistry, Electron Affinity and Magnetic Moment of Erbium-Doped Silicon Clusters ErSin (n = 3–10) and Their Anions with Density Functional Theory. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Probing structure, thermochemistry, electron affinity, and magnetic moment of thulium-doped silicon clusters TmSi
n
(n = 3–10) and their anions with density functional theory. J Mol Model 2017; 24:29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
He S, Yang J. Promethium-doped silicon clusters PmSi
n
(n = 3–10) and their anions: structures, thermochemistry, electron affinities and magnetic moments. Theor Chem Acc 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-017-2126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
He S, Yang J. Study on Structure and Property of Lutetium Introduced Silicon Clusters LuSi
n
(n = 3–10) and Their Anions with Density Functional Theory. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
17
|
Li X, Han Q, Yang X, Song R, Song L. Modification of alkali metals on silicon-based nanoclusters: An enhanced nonlinear optical response. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
18
|
Li X, Claes P, Haertelt M, Lievens P, Janssens E, Fielicke A. Structural determination of niobium-doped silicon clusters by far-infrared spectroscopy and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6291-300. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07298k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structures of niobium doped silicon cluster cations are determined by a combination of infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an University
- Xi'an 710065
- P. R. China
| | - Pieterjan Claes
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Marko Haertelt
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Peter Lievens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik
- Technische Universität Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hang TD, Hung HM, Nguyen MT. Structural assignment, and electronic and magnetic properties of lanthanide metal doped silicon heptamers Si7M0/− with M = Pr, Gd and Ho. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:31054-31063. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ground state geometries of neutral and anionic lanthanide-metal-doped silicon clusters Si7M0/− with M = Pr, Gd and Ho were determined by quantum chemical (DFT) computations and the previous experimental photoelectron spectra were assigned.
Collapse
|
20
|
Xie X, Hao D, Liu Y, Yang J. Samarium doped silicon clusters SmSi (n= 3–10) and their anions: Structures, thermochemistry, electron affinities, and magnetic moments. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
21
|
Xie X, Hao D, Yang J. Ytterbium doped silicon clusters YbSi (n= 4–10) and their anions: Structures, thermochemistry, and electron affinities. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|