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Malik S, Kumaraguru G, Bruat M, Chefdor F, Depierreux C, Héricourt F, Carpin S, Shanmugam G, Lamblin F. Organic extracts from sustainable hybrid poplar hairy root cultures as potential natural antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01971-w. [PMID: 39060468 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
In order to meet growing consumer demands in terms of naturalness, the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries are looking for active molecules of plant origin. In this context, hairy roots are considered a promising biotechnological system for the sustainable production of compounds of interest. Poplars (genus Populus, family Salicaceae) are trees of ecological interest in temperate alluvial forests and are also cultivated for their industrial timber. Poplar trees also produce specialized metabolites with a wide range of bioactive properties. The present study aimed to assess the hybrid poplar hairy root extracts for antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against four main life-threatening strains of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Ethyl acetate extracts from two hairy root lines (HP15-3 and HP A4-12) showed significant antibacterial properties as confirmed by disc diffusion assay. Antibiofilm activities were found to be dose dependent with significant biofilm inhibition (75-95%) recorded at 1000 µg.mL-1 in all the bacterial strains tested. Dose-dependent enhancement in the release of exopolysaccharides was observed in response to treatment with extracts, possibly because of stress and bacterial cell death. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed loss of cell viability of treated bacterial cells concomitant with increased production of reactive oxygen species compared to the untreated control. Overall, this study demonstrates for the first time a high potential of poplar hairy root extracts as a natural and safe platform to produce antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical, food, industrial water management, or cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Malik
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - Gowtham Kumaraguru
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Margot Bruat
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - Françoise Chefdor
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - Christiane Depierreux
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - François Héricourt
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - Sabine Carpin
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France
| | - Girija Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Frédéric Lamblin
- Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Environment, INRAE, Orléans University, USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, Orléans, France.
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Mmereke KM, Venkataraman S, Moiketsi BN, Khan MR, Hassan SH, Rantong G, Masisi K, Kwape TE, Gaobotse G, Zulfiqar F, Kumar Sharma S, Malik S, Makhzoum A. Nanoparticle elicitation: A promising strategy to modulate the production of bioactive compounds in hairy roots. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113910. [PMID: 38309862 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Hairy root culture is one of the promising biotechnological tools to obtain the stable and sustainable production of specialized metabolites from plants under controlled environment conditions. Various strategies have been adopted to enhance the accumulation of bioactive compounds in hairy roots yet their utilization at the commercial scale is restricted to only a few products. Recently, nanotechnology has been emerged as an active technique that has revolutionized the many sectors in an advantageous way. Elicitation using nanoparticles has been recognized as an effective strategy for enhancing the bioactive compounds of interest in plants. Nanoparticles elicit the activity of defense-related compounds through activation of the specific transcription factors involved in specialized metabolites production. This review discusses the recent progress in using nanoparticles to enhance specialized metabolite biosynthesis using hairy root culture system and the significant achievements in this area of research. Biotic and abiotic elicitors to improve the production of bioactive compounds in hairy roots, different types of nanoparticles as eliciting agents, their properties as dependent on shape, most widely used nanoparticles in plant hairy root systems are described in detail. Further challenges involved in application of nanoparticles, their toxicity in plant cells and risks associated to human health are also envisaged. No doubt, nanoparticle elicitation is a remarkable approach to obtain phytochemicals from hairy roots to be utilized in various sectors including food, medicines, cosmetics or agriculture but it is quite essential to understand the inter-relationships between the nanoparticles and the plant systems in terms of specifics such as type, dosage and time of exposure as well as other important parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamogelo M Mmereke
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Srividhya Venkataraman
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Bertha Nametso Moiketsi
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Muhammad Rehan Khan
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy; URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, 3 Rue des Rouges-Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Sayyeda Hira Hassan
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Gaolathe Rantong
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Kabo Masisi
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Tebogo E Kwape
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Goabaone Gaobotse
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Sonia Malik
- Physiology, Ecology and Environment (P2E) Laboratory, University of Orleans, INRAE, USC1328, 45067 Orleans, France.
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science & Technology, Palapye, Botswana.
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Badjakov I, Dincheva I, Vrancheva R, Georgiev V, Pavlov A. Plant In Vitro Culture Factories for Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 188:17-49. [PMID: 38319391 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoids are a diverse subclass of naturally occurring terpenes with various biological activities and applications. These compounds are broadly distributed in natural plant resources, but their low abundance and the slow growth cycle of plants pose challenges to their extraction and production. The biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpenoids occurs through two main pathways, the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which involve several enzymes and modifications. Plant in vitro cultures, including elicited and hairy root cultures, have emerged as an effective and sustainable system for pentacyclic triterpenoid production, circumventing the limitations associated with natural plant resources. Bioreactor systems and controlling key parameters, such as media composition, temperature, light quality, and elicitor treatments, have been optimized to enhance the production and characterization of specific pentacyclic triterpenoids. These systems offer a promising bioprocessing tool for producing pentacyclic triterpenoids characterized by a low carbon footprint and a sustainable source of these compounds for various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Radka Vrancheva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Vasil Georgiev
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Pavlov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnologies, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Bao J, Yang J, Lu X, Ma L, Shi X, Lan S, Zhao Y, Cao J, Ma S, Li S. Exogenous Melatonin Promotes Glucoraphanin Biosynthesis by Mediating Glutathione in Hairy Roots of Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Planch). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:106. [PMID: 38202414 PMCID: PMC10780497 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of melatonin (MT)-mediated glutathione (GSH) in promoting glucoraphanin (GRA) and sulforaphane (SF) synthesis, the gene expression pattern and protein content of hairy broccoli roots under MT treatment were analyzed by a combination of RNA-seq and tandem mass spectrometry tagging (TMT) techniques in this study. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that both proteins and mRNAs with the same expression trend were enriched in the "Glutathione metabolism (ko00480)" and "Proteasome (ko03050)" pathways, and most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) regulating the two pathways were downregulated. The results showed that endogenous GSH concentration and GR activity were increased in hairy roots after MT treatment. Exogenous GSH could promote the biosynthesis of GRA and SF, and both exogenous MT and GSH could upregulate the expression of the GSTF11 gene related to the sulfur transport gene, thus promoting the biosynthesis of GRA. Taken together, this study provides a new perspective to explore the complex molecular mechanisms of improving GRA and SF synthesis levels by MT and GSH regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.B.); (L.M.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Xu Lu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Xiaotong Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Shimin Lan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Jie Cao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Shaoying Ma
- Laboratory and Practice Base Management Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.B.); (L.M.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (X.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.)
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Wang Y, Luo X, Su H, Guan G, Liu S, Ren M. Technology Invention and Mechanism Analysis of Rapid Rooting of Taxus × media Rehder Branches Induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:375. [PMID: 38203546 PMCID: PMC10779043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Taxus, a vital source of the anticancer drug paclitaxel, grapples with a pronounced supply-demand gap. Current efforts to alleviate the paclitaxel shortage involve expanding Taxus cultivation through cutting propagation. However, traditional cutting propagation of Taxus is difficult to root and time-consuming. Obtaining the roots with high paclitaxel content will cause tree death and resource destruction, which is not conducive to the development of the Taxus industry. To address this, establishing rapid and efficient stem rooting systems emerges as a key solution for Taxus propagation, facilitating direct and continuous root utilization. In this study, Agrobacterium rhizogenes were induced in the 1-3-year-old branches of Taxus × media Rehder, which has the highest paclitaxel content. The research delves into the rooting efficiency induced by different A. rhizogenes strains, with MSU440 and C58 exhibiting superior effects. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed A. rhizogenes' impact on hormone signal transduction, amino acid metabolism, zeatin synthesis, and secondary metabolite synthesis pathways in roots. LC-MS-targeted quantitative detection showed no significant difference in paclitaxel and baccatin III content between naturally formed and induced roots. These findings underpin the theoretical framework for T. media rapid propagation, contributing to the sustainable advancement of the Taxus industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Xiumei Luo
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Haotian Su
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
- School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ge Guan
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
- School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
- School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Functional Plant Cultivation and Application Innovation Team, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610230, China; (Y.W.); (G.G.); (S.L.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Wilczańska A, Sparzak-Stefanowska B, Kokotkiewicz A, Jesionek A, Królicka A, Łuczkiewicz M, Krauze-Baranowska M. Biotechnological strategies for controlled accumulation of flavones in hairy root culture of Scutellaria lateriflora L. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20422. [PMID: 37990031 PMCID: PMC10663461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of medicinally important flavones and acteoside was evaluated in Scutellaria lateriflora hairy root cultures subjected to different experimental strategies - feeding with precursors of phenolics biosynthesis (phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, and sodium cinnamate), addition of elicitors (chitosan, jasmonic acid) and Amberlite XAD-4 and XAD-7 resins and permeabilization with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol. The production profile of S. lateriflora cultures changed under the influence of the applied strategies. Hairy roots of S. lateriflora were found to be a rich source of wogonoside or wogonin, depending on the treatment used. The addition of sodium cinnamate (1.0 mg/L) was the most effective approach to provide high production of flavonoids, especially wogonoside (4.41% dry weight /DW/; 566.78 mg/L). Permeabilization with DMSO (2 µg/ml for 12 h) or methanol (30% for 12 h) resulted in high biosynthesis of wogonin (299.77 mg/L and 274.03 mg/L, respectively). The obtained results provide new insight into the selection of the optimal growth conditions for the production of in vitro biomass with a significant level of flavone accumulation. The data may be valuable for designing large-scale cultivation systems of hairy roots of S. lateriflora with high productivity of bioactive compounds - wogonin or wogonoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wilczańska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Sparzak-Stefanowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adam Kokotkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Jesionek
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Królicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, A. Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria Łuczkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Biswas D, Chakraborty A, Mukherjee S, Ghosh B. Hairy root culture: a potent method for improved secondary metabolite production of Solanaceous plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1197555. [PMID: 37731987 PMCID: PMC10507345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1197555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites synthesized by the Solanaceous plants are of major therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance, many of which are commonly obtained from the roots of these plants. 'Hairy roots', mirroring the same phytochemical pattern of the corresponding root of the parent plant with higher growth rate and productivity, are therefore extensively studied as an effective alternative for the in vitro production of these metabolites. Hairy roots are the transformed roots, generated from the infection site of the wounded plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. With their fast growth, being free from pathogen and herbicide contamination, genetic stability, and autotrophic nature for plant hormones, hairy roots are considered as useful bioproduction systems for specialized metabolites. Lately, several elicitation methods have been employed to enhance the accumulation of these compounds in the hairy root cultures for both small and large-scale production. Nevertheless, in the latter case, the cultivation of hairy roots in bioreactors should still be optimized. Hairy roots can also be utilized for metabolic engineering of the regulatory genes in the metabolic pathways leading to enhanced production of metabolites. The present study summarizes the updated and modern biotechnological aspects for enhanced production of secondary metabolites in the hairy root cultures of the plants of Solanaceae and their respective importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptesh Biswas
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
| | - Avijit Chakraborty
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
| | - Swapna Mukherjee
- Department of Microbiology, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, India
| | - Biswajit Ghosh
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
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Sathish S, Vasudevan V, Karthik S, Pavan G, Siva R, Manickavasagam M. Precursor feeding enhances L-Dopa production in hairy root culture of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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9
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Rosmarinic acid production in hairy root cultures of Salvia nemorosa L. (Lamiaceae). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nasiri A, Rashidi-Monfared S, Ebrahimi A, Falahi Charkhabi N, Moieni A. Metabolic engineering of the diosgenin biosynthesis pathway in Trigonella foenum-graceum hairy root cultures. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 323:111410. [PMID: 35944746 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diosgenin as a triterpene with numbers of pharmaceutical applications has been identified in Trigonella foenum-graceum. In this survey, in order to scale up the amount of diosgenin in Fenugreek as a promising alternative of yam, ∆24-reductase as a rate limiting enzyme in diosgenin biosynthesis pathway has been overexpressed by utilizing pBI121 expression plasmid in hairy roots culture platform. The recombinant binary vector pBI121-∆24-reductase was transformed into R. rhizogenes strain ATCC 15834 to induce transgenic hairy roots in "Hamedan" as a low-diosgenin production genotype. In the transgenic hairy roots, the ∆24-reductase expression level was significantly 8.15 times overexpressed comparing to the non-transgenic hairy roots, Nonetheless the Sterol-methyltransferase, as a competitive enzyme, was 6 times downregulated. Furthermore, the expression rate of Squalene synthase, Cycloartenol synthase, C26-Hydroxylase were also increased 1.5, 1.7, 2.9 times higher than those of the non-transgenic hairy roots, respectively. The diosgenin content in the transgenic hairy root was raised 3 times up comparing to the non-transgenic hairy roots, besides it was scaled up 25-fold comparing to the diosgenin amount in "Hamedan" Leaf. As a result, the first metabolic engineering on this pathway was clearly revealed the impact of ∆24 -reductase gene in diosgenin content enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nasiri
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Rashidi-Monfared
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amin Ebrahimi
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Nargues Falahi Charkhabi
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Moieni
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemy-Piranloo F, Kavousi F, Kazemi-Abharian M. Comparison for the production of essential oil by conventional, novel and biotechnology methods. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2120557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Kavousi
- Biosphere Technology Company, Environmental Laboratory, Abhar, Iran
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Alcalde MA, Perez-Matas E, Escrich A, Cusido RM, Palazon J, Bonfill M. Biotic Elicitors in Adventitious and Hairy Root Cultures: A Review from 2010 to 2022. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165253. [PMID: 36014492 PMCID: PMC9416168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the aims of plant in vitro culture is to produce secondary plant metabolites using plant cells and organ cultures, such as cell suspensions, adventitious, and hairy roots (among others). In cases where the biosynthesis of a compound in the plant is restricted to a specific organ, unorganized systems, such as plant cell cultures, are sometimes unsuitable for biosynthesis. Then, its production is based on the establishment of organ cultures such as roots or aerial shoots. To increase the production in these biotechnological systems, elicitors have been used for years as a useful tool since they activate secondary biosynthetic pathways that control the flow of carbon to obtain different plant compounds. One important biotechnological system for the production of plant secondary metabolites or phytochemicals is root culture. Plant roots have a very active metabolism and can biosynthesize a large number of secondary compounds in an exclusive way. Some of these compounds, such as tropane alkaloids, ajmalicine, ginsenosides, etc., can also be biosynthesized in undifferentiated systems, such as cell cultures. In some cases, cell differentiation and organ formation is necessary to produce the bioactive compounds. This review analyses the biotic elicitors most frequently used in adventitious and hairy root cultures from 2010 to 2022, focusing on the plant species, the target secondary metabolite, the elicitor and its concentration, and the yield/productivity of the target compounds obtained. With this overview, it may be easier to work with elicitors in in vitro root cultures and help understand why some are more effective than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Alcalde
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edgar Perez-Matas
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainoa Escrich
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Cusido
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Palazon
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Bonfill
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-4020267; Fax: +34-93-4029043
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13
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Yang BC, Lee MS, Lin MK, Chang WT. 5-Azacytidine increases tanshinone production in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots through epigenetic modulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9349. [PMID: 35672334 PMCID: PMC9174287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated strong connections between epigenetic modulation and secondary metabolites in plants. It is vital to understand the roles of epigenetics in the production of secondary metabolites. In this study, the inhibitor of DNA methylation 5-azacytidine (5-Az) was used on the hairy roots of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza to investigate its effect on secondary metabolite production, gene expression, methylation levels in genomic DNA and promoter regions. Our results showed that the contents of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots increased by 1.5–5 times, and some genes in the biosynthesis pathway showed an upward trend. According to our NGS analysis, the methylation pattern in the promotor of the gene encoding copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS) was altered, and 51 out of 145 cytosines were demethylated during 5-Az treatment. A total of 36 putative transcription factors (TFs) binding cites were identified in these demethylation sites. Among these TFs binding cites, cis-regulatory elements for the binding of NF-Y and MYB were frequently found in our results. This is the first report to demonstrate a possible mechanism of DNA methylation participating in tanshinone biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots by modulating the CPS promoter and TFs binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Cheng Yang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shiou Lee
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kuem Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Te Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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14
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Huska D, Mayorga-Martinez CC, Zelinka R, Pumera M. Magnetic Biohybrid Robots as Efficient Drug Carrier to Generate Plant Cell Clones. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200208. [PMID: 35535470 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanorobots represent a new generation of micromachines that can accomplish various tasks, such as loading and transporting specific targets or pharmaceuticals for a given application. Biohybrid robots consisting of biological cells (bacteria, sperm, and microalgae) combined with inorganic particles to control or propel their movement are of particular interest. The skeleton of these biohybrid robots can be used to load biomolecules. In this work, the authors create biohybrid robots based on tomato plants by coculturing ferromagnetic nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 ) with tomato callus cells. The tomato-based biohybrid robots (Tomato-Biobots) containing Fe3 O4 nanoparticles are driven by a transversely rotating magnetic field. In addition, biohybrid robots are used to load vitamin C, to generate clones of tomato cells. It is shown that the presence of Fe3 O4 does not affect the growth of tomato callus. This study opens a wide range of possibilities for the use of biohybrid robots@Fe3 O4 to deliver conventional agrochemicals, including fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, and allows for a gradual and sustained release of nutrients and agrochemicals, leading to precise dosing that reduces the amount of agrochemicals used. This conceptually new type of micromachine with application to plants and agronomy shall find broad use in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalibor Huska
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Zelinka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
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15
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Optimized Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Lignans from Linum Species with Green Solvents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092732. [PMID: 35566080 PMCID: PMC9104071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans are plant phenols derived from phenylpropanoids. They play a significant role in plant defense and have features that make them appealing for pharmaceutical applications. Lignans can be obtained by plant in vitro cultures; their production by adventitious and hairy roots of Linum species seems to be a promising alternative to chemical synthesis. In the context of large-scale production, it is necessary to optimize their extraction from plants tissue by choosing the more suitable solvent and extraction procedure, paying attention to the use of green media and methods. With the aim to select the best conditions for the extraction of two interesting lignans (justicidin B and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin) from Linum tissues, different green solvents and the method of ultrasound-assisted extraction were tested. The results showed that ethyl methyl ketone and dimethyl carbonate were the best media to extract justicidin B and 6-methoxypodophyllotoxin, respectively, in terms of purity and recovery. Moreover, we showed that ultrasound-assisted extraction presents different advantages compared to conventional methods. Finally, the optimal experimental conditions to extract justicidin B from L. austriacum hairy roots using methyl ethyl ketone were also determined by the response surface method. The models obtained are reliable and accurate to estimate the purity and recovery of justicidin B.
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16
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Miao Y, Hu Y, Yi S, Zhang X, Tan N. Establishment of hairy root culture of Rubia yunnanensis Diels: Production of Rubiaceae-type cyclopeptides and quinones. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:21-29. [PMID: 34536456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rubia yunnanensis is an important medicinal plant with various bioactive secondary metabolites. In order to reduce the dependence on wild populations of the species, we aim to establish in vitro culture system that can produce Rubiaceae-type cyclopeptides (RAs) and quinones. Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of stem segments of in vitro grown R. yunnanensis plants using four A. rhizogenes strains was studied and transformation conditions were optimized. Hairy roots appeared with the highest frequency (68.89%) when stem segments (with leaves) without pre-culture were immersed in A. rhizogenes A4 strain bacterial suspension for 30 min, co-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium in the dark for three days, and afterwards incubated in darkness. PCR analysis of rolB and rolC genes confirmed transformed nature of six hairy root clones. The hairy roots grew rapidly, especially showing the highest accumulation of biomass in MS liquid medium compared to in vitro grown plants and calli. Histological observation of hairy root revealed anatomical difference in vascular cylinder, where the cells exhibited high mitotic activity characterized by vigorous growth. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed that the amount of RAs in the hairy roots grown in ½MS liquid medium (4.611 μg g-1 DW) was higher than that in in vitro grown plants (0.331 and 4.096 μg g-1 DW for shoots and roots respectively) and calli (1.082 μg g-1 DW), but still far lower than that in the roots of seed-borne plants (80.296 μg g-1 DW). However, the hairy roots accumulated high level of quinones (2320.923 and 5067.801 μg g-1 DW for MS and ½MS liquid media respectively), of the same order of magnitude as the roots of seed-borne plants (7409.973 μg g-1 DW). Hairy root culture of R. yunnanensis, with high accumulation of biomass and production of quinones, may offer an attractive perspective for the production of the RAs and quinones that could be further optimized for pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Miao
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Hu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanyong Yi
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejia Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ninghua Tan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Enhancement of Phytosterol and Triterpenoid Production in Plant Hairy Root Cultures-Simultaneous Stimulation or Competition? PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102028. [PMID: 34685836 PMCID: PMC8541584 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Plant in vitro cultures, including hairy roots, can be applied for controlled production of valuable natural products, such as triterpenoids and sterols. These compounds originate from the common precursor squalene. Sterols and triterpenoids distinctly differ in their functions, and the 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclization step is often regarded as a branch point between primary and secondary (more aptly: general and specialized) metabolism. Considering the crucial role of phytosterols as membrane constituents, it has been postulated that unconstrained biosynthesis of triterpenoids can occur when sterol formation is already satisfied, and these compounds are no longer needed for cell growth and division. This hypothesis seems to follow directly the growth-defense trade-off plant dilemma. In this review, we present some examples illustrating the specific interplay between the two divergent pathways for sterol and triterpenoid biosynthesis appearing in root cultures. These studies were significant for revealing the steps of the biosynthetic pathway, understanding the role of particular enzymes, and discovering the possibility of gene regulation. Currently, hairy roots of many plant species can be considered not only as an efficient tool for production of phytochemicals, but also as suitable experimental models for investigations on regulatory mechanisms of plant metabolism.
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18
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Kentsop RAD, Iobbi V, Donadio G, Ruffoni B, De Tommasi N, Bisio A. Abietane Diterpenoids from the Hairy Roots of Salvia corrugata. Molecules 2021; 26:5144. [PMID: 34500582 PMCID: PMC8434070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia corrugata Vahl. is an interesting source of abietane and abeo-abietane compounds that showed antibacterial, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aim of the study was to obtain transformed roots of S. corrugata and to evaluate the production of terpenoids in comparison with in vivo root production. Hairy roots were initiated from leaf explants by infection with ATCC 15834 Agrobacterium rhizogenes onto hormone-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium. Transformation was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of rolC and virC1 genes. The biomass production was obtained in hormone-free liquid MS medium using Temporary Immersion System bioreactor RITA®. The chromatographic separation of the methanolic extract of the untransformed roots afforded horminone, ferruginol, 7-O-acetylhorminone and 7-O-methylhorminone. Agastol and ferruginol were isolated and quantified from the hairy roots. The amount of these metabolites indicated that the hairy roots of S. corrugata can be considered a source of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roméo Arago Dougué Kentsop
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura—CREA Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Corso degli Inglesi, 508, 18038 Sanremo, Italy;
| | - Valeria Iobbi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
| | - Giuliana Donadio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Barbara Ruffoni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura—CREA Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Corso degli Inglesi, 508, 18038 Sanremo, Italy;
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Angela Bisio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (R.A.D.K.); (V.I.)
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19
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Makowski W, Królicka A, Nowicka A, Zwyrtková J, Tokarz B, Pecinka A, Banasiuk R, Tokarz KM. Transformed tissue of Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis as a source of biologically active phenolic compounds with bactericidal properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1215-1226. [PMID: 33447868 PMCID: PMC7843487 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula J. Ellis) is a carnivorous plant able to synthesize large amounts of phenolic compounds, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and 1,4-naphtoquinones. In this study, the first genetic transformation of D. muscipula tissues is presented. Two wild-type Rhizobium rhizogenes strains (LBA 9402 and ATCC 15834) were suitable vector organisms in the transformation process. Transformation led to the formation of teratoma (transformed shoot) cultures with the bacterial rolB gene incorporated into the plant genome in a single copy. Using high-pressure liquid chromatography, we demonstrated that transgenic plants were characterized by an increased quantity of phenolic compounds, including 1,4-naphtoquinone derivative, plumbagin (up to 106.63 mg × g−1 DW), and phenolic acids (including salicylic, caffeic, and ellagic acid), in comparison to non-transformed plants. Moreover, Rhizobium-mediated transformation highly increased the bactericidal properties of teratoma-derived extracts. The antibacterial properties of transformed plants were increased up to 33% against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli and up to 7% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For the first time, we prove the possibility of D. muscipula transformation. Moreover, we propose that transformation may be a valuable tool for enhancing secondary metabolite production in D. muscipula tissue and to increase bactericidal properties against human antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Key points • Rhizobium-mediated transformation created Dionaea muscipula teratomas. • Transformed plants had highly increased synthesis of phenolic compounds. • The MBC value was connected with plumbagin and phenolic acid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Makowski
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Królicka
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG and MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Anna Nowicka
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, The Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jana Zwyrtková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Tokarz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ales Pecinka
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Banasiuk
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Michał Tokarz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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20
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Ricigliano VA, Sica VP, Knowles SL, Diette N, Howarth DG, Oberlies NH. Bioactive diterpenoid metabolism and cytotoxic activities of genetically transformed Euphorbia lathyris roots. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 179:112504. [PMID: 32980713 PMCID: PMC7863580 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants in the genus Euphorbia produce a wide variety of pharmacologically active diterpenoids with anticancer, multidrug resistance reversal, and antiviral properties. Some are the primary industrial source of ingenol mebutate, which is approved for treatment of the precancerous skin condition actinic keratosis. Similar to other high value phytochemicals, Euphorbia diterpenoids accumulate at low concentrations in planta and chemical synthesis produces similarly low yields. We established genetically transformed root cultures of Euphorbia lathryis as a strategy to gain greater access to diterpenoids from this genus. Transformed roots produced via stem explant infection with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834 recapitulated the metabolite profiles of field-grown plant roots and aerial tissues. Several putative diterpenoids were present in transformed roots, including ingenol and closely related structures, indicating that root cultures are a promising approach to Euphorbia-specific diterpenoid production. Treatment with methyl jasmonate led to a significant, albeit transient increase in mRNA levels of early diterpenoid biosynthetic enzymes (farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, and casbene synthase), suggesting that elicitation could prove useful in future pathway characterization and metabolic engineering efforts. We also show the potential of transformed E. lathyris root cultures for natural product drug discovery applications by measuring their cytotoxic activities using a panel of human carcinoma cell lines derived from prostate, cervix, breast, and lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A Ricigliano
- USDA-ARS, Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology Research, Baton Rouge, LA, 70820, USA.
| | - Vincent P Sica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
| | - Nicole Diette
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80227, USA; Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80227, USA
| | - Dianella G Howarth
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA
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21
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Hedayati A, Hosseini B, Palazon J, Maleki R. Improved tropane alkaloid production and changes in gene expression in hairy root cultures of two Hyoscyamus species elicited by silicon dioxide nanoparticles. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:416-428. [PMID: 32814278 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Species of Hyoscyamus are rich sources of medicinally important tropane alkaloids, which have anticholinergic, antispasmodic and sedative effects and are competitive inhibitors of acetylcholine. The application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials for elicitation is rapidly expanding and recent research indicates that silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) can be used as an efficient elicitor to increase the production of hyoscyamine and scopolamine in Hyoscyamus species. Thus, in this work, the effect of SiO2 NPs (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1) with two treatment times (24 and 48 h) on the growth rate, total phenol and flavonoid content (TPC, TFC), antioxidant enzyme activity, tropane alkaloid yield and pmt (putrescine N-methyltransferase) and h6h (hyoscyamine 6<beta>-hydroxylase) gene expression levels in hairy roots of two Hyoscyamus species (H. reticulatus and H. pusillus) was investigated. The highest TPC and TFC accumulation was obtained in H. reticulatus elicited by SiO2 NPs (100 and 200 mg L-1), respectively, at 24 h of treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the highest amount of hyoscyamine (140.15 μg g-1 FW) and scopolamine (67.71 μg g-1 FW) accumulated in H. reticulatus transformed roots treated with 100 mg L-1 SiO2 NPs at 24 h, with a respective increase of 1212% and 272% compared to non-treated roots. In H. pusillus, the highest hyoscyamine (7.42 μg g-1 FW) and scopolamine (15.56 μg g-1 FW) production (about 82% and 241% higher, respectively, compared to the lowest amounts) was achieved with 25 and 100 mg L-1 SiO2 NPs, respectively, at 48 h of treatment. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis determined the highest expression level of pmt and h6h genes in H. reticulatus transformed roots supplemented with 100 mg L-1 SiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Hedayati
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
| | - Bahman Hosseini
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran.
| | - Javier Palazon
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan, XXIII, S/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramin Maleki
- Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Urmia, Iran
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22
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Jha P, Sen R, Jobby R, Sachar S, Bhatkalkar S, Desai N. Biotransformation of xenobiotics by hairy roots. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 176:112421. [PMID: 32505862 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exponential industrial growth we see today rides on the back of large scale production of chemicals, explosives and pharmaceutical products. However, the effluents getting released from their manufacturing units are greatly compromising the sustainability of our environment. With greater awareness of the imperative for environmental clean-up, a promising approach that is attracting increasing research interests is biodegradation of xenobiotics. In this approach, biotransformation has proven to be one of the most effective tools. While many different model frameworks have been used to study different aspects of biotransformation, hairy roots (HRs) have been found to be exceptionally valuable. HR cultures are preferred over other in-vitro model systems due to their biochemical stability and hormone-autotrophy. In addition, the multi-enzyme biosynthetic potential of HRs which is similar to the parent plant and their relatively low-cost cultural requirements further characterize their suitability for biotransformation. The recent progress observed in scale-up of HR cultures and understanding of functional genomics has opened up new dimensions providing valuable insights for industrial application. This review article summarizes the potential of HR cultures in the biotransformation of xenobiotics, their limitations in the application on a large scale and current strategies to alleviate them. Advancement in bioreactors engineering enabling large scale cultivation and modern gene technologies improving biotransformation efficiency promises to extend laboratory results to industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Jha
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India.
| | - Rajdip Sen
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Renitta Jobby
- Amity School of Biotechnology, Amity University Mumbai, Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post -Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Shilpee Sachar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400098, India
| | - Shruti Bhatkalkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400098, India
| | - Neetin Desai
- Sunandan Divatia School of Sciences, NMIMS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
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23
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Kwon DY, Kim YB, Kim JK, Park SU. Production of rosmarinic acid and correlated gene expression in hairy root cultures of green and purple basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.). Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:35-43. [PMID: 32687005 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1789990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an active constituent of Ocimum basilicum. It has been shown that hairy root production (measured as dry weight) improves when green basil (O. basilicum "Cinnamon") is cultured under the light. In contrast, purple basil (O. basilicum "Purpurascens") shows greater hairy root production when cultured under dark conditions. The level of gene expression was highest in hairy roots of green basil under dark conditions for up to 1 week. Transcript levels were highest in hairy roots of purple basil under both dark and light conditions after 2 weeks of culturing. After 3 weeks of culture under light conditions, green basil had accumulated 1.9-fold higher RA content than that of purple basil, which in turn was fivefold higher than that of the natural roots (42.86 µg/mg). Tyrosine aminotransferase showed a higher transcript level when compared to the other phenylpropanoid pathway genes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and coenzyme-A ligase) in both dark and light conditions and in all-time regimens. RA accumulation was higher in the cultured hairy roots of green basil than those of purple basil under both light and dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Kwon
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon Bok Kim
- Department of Medicinal and Industrial Crops, Korea National College of Agriculture & Fisheries, Kongjwipatjwi-Ro, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Schott C, Steingroewer J, Bley T, Cikalova U, Bendjus B. Biospeckle-characterization of hairy root cultures using laser speckle photometry. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:287-295. [PMID: 32647507 PMCID: PMC7336145 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring is indispensable for the optimization and simulation of biotechnological processes. Hairy roots (hr, plant tissue cultures) are producers of valuable relevant secondary metabolites. The genetically stable cultures are characterized by a rapid filamentous growth, making monitoring difficult with standard methods. This article focuses on the application of laser speckle photometry (LSP) as an innovative, non-invasive method to characterize Beta vulgaris (hr). LSP is based on the analysis of time-resolved interference patterns. Speckle interference patterns of a biological object, known as biospeckles, are characterized by a dynamic behavior that is induced by physical and biological phenomena related to the object. Speckle contrast, a means of measuring the dynamic behavior of biospeckles, was used to assess the biospeckle activity. The biospeckle activity corresponds to processes modifying the object and correlates with the biomass growth. Furthermore, the stage of the cultures' physiological development was assessed by speckle contrast due to the differentiation between active and low active behavior. This method is a new means of monitoring and evaluating the biomass growth of filamentous cultures in real time. As a potential tool to characterize hairy roots, LSP is non-invasive, time-saving, can be used online and stands out for its simple, low-cost setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Schott
- Institute of Natural Materials TechnologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | | | - Thomas Bley
- Institute of Natural Materials TechnologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ulana Cikalova
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTSDresdenGermany
| | - Beatrice Bendjus
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTSDresdenGermany
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Beigmohamadi M, Movafeghi A, Jafari S, Sharafi A. Potential of the genetically transformed root cultures ofPlumbago europaeafor biomass and plumbagin production. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2905. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Faculty of Natural ScienceUniversity of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Samineh Jafari
- Pharmacognosy Department, School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran
| | - Ali Sharafi
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran
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Khattab AR, Farag MA. Current status and perspectives of xanthones production using cultured plant biocatalyst models aided by in-silico tools for its optimization. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:415-431. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1721426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amira R. Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
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Vamenani R, Pakdin-Parizi A, Mortazavi M, Gholami Z. Establishment of hairy root cultures by Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation of Trachyspermum ammi L. for the efficient production of thymol. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:389-395. [PMID: 31891201 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi is an important medicinal plant that contains a bioactive compound namely thymol. In the study, T. ammi was transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains. Seedling stem explants were inoculated with A. rhizogenes strains A4, LBA 9402, ATCC 15834, and the effect of different co-cultivation media along with incorporation of acetosyringone (100 µM) was evaluated comparatively on the frequency of hairy root induction. The polymerase chain reaction using rolB and virD specific primers was served to confirm the putative transformed hairy roots. All strains established hairy root with various frequencies, among which strain ATCC 15834 was significantly the most efficient strain for hairy root induction (84.3%). Half-strength B5 medium and incorporation of acetosiryngone (100 µM) were also significantly optimal for hairy root induction. Hairy roots culture induced by ATCC 15834 using half-strength B5 liquid medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose indicated the highest accumulation of biomass (99.05 g L-1 FW and 10.95 g L-1 DW) and thymol content (11.30 mg g-1 DM) at 20 days. Nearly 4.9-fold and 5.3-fold increment of biomass and thymol accumulation was observed, respectively, at 20 days in comparison with the untransformed control roots. The results showed the high potential of T. ammi hairy roots for the biosynthesis of thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Vamenani
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Pakdin-Parizi
- Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Mortazavi
- Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholami
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
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Vives-Peris V, de Ollas C, Gómez-Cadenas A, Pérez-Clemente RM. Root exudates: from plant to rhizosphere and beyond. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:3-17. [PMID: 31346716 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the composition of root exudates, how these metabolites are released to the rhizosphere and their importance in the recruitment of beneficial microbiota that alleviate plant stress. Metabolites secreted to the rhizosphere by roots are involved in several processes. By modulating the composition of the root exudates, plants can modify soil properties to adapt and ensure their survival under adverse conditions. They use several strategies such as (1) changing soil pH to solubilize nutrients into assimilable forms, (2) chelating toxic compounds, (3) attracting beneficial microbiota, or (4) releasing toxic substances for pathogens, etc. In this work, the composition of root exudates as well as the different mechanisms of root exudation have been reviewed. Existing methodologies to collect root exudates, indicating their advantages and disadvantages, are also described. Factors affecting root exudation have been exposed, including physical, chemical, and biological agents which can produce qualitative and quantitative changes in exudate composition. Finally, since root exudates play an important role in the recruitment of mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), the mechanisms of interaction between plants and the beneficial microbiota have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Carlos de Ollas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Rosa María Pérez-Clemente
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
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Khan MA, Wallace WT, Sambi J, Rogers DT, Littleton JM, Rankin SE, Knutson BL. Nanoharvesting of bioactive materials from living plant cultures using engineered silica nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110190. [PMID: 31753369 PMCID: PMC6935263 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites are valuable therapeutics not readily synthesized by traditional chemistry techniques. Although their enrichment in plant cell cultures is possible following advances in biotechnology, conventional methods of recovery are destructive to the tissues. Nanoharvesting, in which nanoparticles are designed to bind and carry biomolecules out of living cells, offers continuous production of metabolites from plant cultures. Here, nanoharvesting of polyphenolic flavonoids, model plant-derived therapeutics, enriched in Solidago nemoralis hairy root cultures, is performed using engineered mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs, 165 nm diameter and 950 m2/g surface area) functionalized with both titanium dioxide (TiO2, 425 mg/g particles) for coordination binding sites, and amines (NH2, 145 mg/g particles) to promote cellular internalization. Intracellular uptake and localization of the nanoparticles (in Murashige and Skoog media) in hairy roots were confirmed by tagging the particles with rhodamine B isothiocyanate, incubating the particles with hairy roots, and quenching bulk fluorescence using trypan blue. Nanoharvesting of biologically active flavonoids was demonstrated by observing increased antiradical activity (using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay) by nanoparticles after exposure to hairy roots (indicating general antioxidant activity), and by the displacement of the radio-ligand [3H]-methyllycaconitine from rat hippocampal nicotinic receptors by solutes recovered from nanoharvested particles (indicating pharmacological activity specific to S. nemoralis flavonoids). Post-nanoharvesting growth suggests that the roots are viable after nanoharvesting, and capable of continued flavonoid synthesis. These observations demonstrate the potential for using engineered nanostructured particles to facilitate continuous isolation of a broad range of biomolecules from living and functioning plant cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arif Khan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - William T Wallace
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stephen E Rankin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Barbara L Knutson
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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Huang JP, Fang C, Ma X, Wang L, Yang J, Luo J, Yan Y, Zhang Y, Huang SX. Tropane alkaloids biosynthesis involves an unusual type III polyketide synthase and non-enzymatic condensation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4036. [PMID: 31492848 PMCID: PMC6731253 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeleton of tropane alkaloids is derived from ornithine-derived N-methylpyrrolinium and two malonyl-CoA units. The enzymatic mechanism that connects N-methylpyrrolinium and malonyl-CoA units remains unknown. Here, we report the characterization of three pyrrolidine ketide synthases (PYKS), AaPYKS, DsPYKS, and AbPYKS, from three different hyoscyamine- and scopolamine-producing plants. By examining the crystal structure and biochemical activity of AaPYKS, we show that the reaction mechanism involves PYKS-mediated malonyl-CoA condensation to generate a 3-oxo-glutaric acid intermediate that can undergo non-enzymatic Mannich-like condensation with N-methylpyrrolinium to yield the racemic 4-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-3-oxobutanoic acid. This study therefore provides a long sought-after biosynthetic mechanism to explain condensation between N-methylpyrrolinium and acetate units and, more importantly, identifies an unusual plant type III polyketide synthase that can only catalyze one round of malonyl-CoA condensation. Tropane alkaloids are medicinally significant plant metabolites generated by an unusual condensation of ornithine-derived and malonyl-CoA precursors. Here, Huang et al. show that pyrrolidine ketide synthase catalyzes a single round of condensation, which is followed by a non-enzymatic Mannich-like condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chengli Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jianying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yijun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Sheng-Xiong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Small-Scale Bioreactor for Sterile Hydroponics and Hairy Roots: Metabolic Diversity and Salicylic Acid Exudation by Hairy Roots of Hyoscyamus niger. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9153044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The volume and complexity of commercial bioreactors for sterile hydroponics and hairy roots are too large for comparative analysis of many cultures. Here a small-scale bioreactor fabricated from standard glass materials and suitable for both airlift and bubble aeration mode is described. The performance of the bioreactor was tested by growing oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and rose plants (Rosa canina L.) in sterile hydroponics and by cultivating hairy roots of henbane (Hyoscyamus niger L.) and sesame (Hyoscyamus niger L.). Plants grown in hydroponics for up to six weeks did not show chloroses or necroses. Hairy roots grew faster or comparably fast in bioreactors as compared to shaking flasks. Root exudates of roses and exudates of hairy roots of henbane were subjected to targeted and nontargeted analysis by HPLC coupled with optical and mass spectrometric detectors. The diversity and concentration of hairy root exudates were higher in bioreactors than in shaking flasks. The composition of hairy root exudates of three accessions of H. niger did not match the genetic relatedness among the accessions. Hairy roots of Hyoscyamus niger exuded salicylic acid in amounts varying among plant accessions and between bioreactors and shaking flask cultures.
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32
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Rather GA, Sharma A, Jeelani SM, Misra P, Kaul V, Lattoo SK. Metabolic and transcriptional analyses in response to potent inhibitors establish MEP pathway as major route for camptothecin biosynthesis in Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Graham) Mabb. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:301. [PMID: 31291885 PMCID: PMC6617690 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nothapodytes nimmoniana, a plant of pivotal medicinal significance is a source of potent anticancer monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA) camptothecin (CPT). This compound owes its potency due to topoisomerase-I inhibitory activity. However, biosynthetic and regulatory aspects of CPT biosynthesis so far remain elusive. Production of CPT is also constrained due to unavailability of suitable in vitro experimental system. Contextually, there are two routes for the biosynthesis of MIAs: the mevalonate (MVA) pathway operating in cytosol and the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids. Determination of relative precursor flux through either of these pathways may provide a new vista for manipulating the enhanced CPT production. RESULTS In present study, specific enzyme inhibitors of MVA (lovastatin) and MEP pathways (fosmidomycin) were used to perturb the metabolic flux in N. nimmoniana. Interaction of both these pathways was investigated at transcriptional level by using qRT-PCR and at metabolite level by evaluating secologanin, tryptamine and CPT contents. In fosmidomycin treated plants, highly significant reduction was observed in both secologanin and CPT accumulation in the range 40-57% and 64-71.5% respectively, while 4.61-7.69% increase was observed in tryptamine content as compared to control. Lovastatin treatment showed reduction in CPT (7-11%) and secologanin (7.5%) accumulation while tryptamine registered slight increase (3.84%) in comparison to control. These inhibitor mediated changes were reflected at transcriptional level via altering expression levels of deoxy-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG). Further, mRNA expression of four more genes downstream to DXR and HMG of MEP and MVA pathways respectively were also investigated. Expression analysis also included secologanin synthase (SLS) and strictosidine synthase (STR) of seco-iridoid pathway. Present investigation also entailed development of an efficient in vitro multiplication system as a precursor to pathway flux studies. Further, a robust Agrobacterium-mediated transformed hairy root protocol was also developed for its amenability for up-scaling as a future prospect. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic and transcriptional changes reveal differential efficacy of cytosolic and plastidial inhibitors in context to pathway flux perturbations on seco-iridoid end-product camptothecin. MEP pathway plausibly is the major precursor contributor towards CPT production. These empirical findings allude towards developing suitable biotechnological interventions for enhanced CPT production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzar A. Rather
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001 India
| | - Arti Sharma
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001 India
| | - Syed Mudassir Jeelani
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001 India
| | - Prashant Misra
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001 India
| | - Veenu Kaul
- Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, 180006 India
| | - Surrinder K. Lattoo
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001 India
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Zayed A, Ulber R. Fucoidan production: Approval key challenges and opportunities. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:289-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Cardon F, Pallisse R, Bardor M, Caron A, Vanier J, Ele Ekouna JP, Lerouge P, Boitel‐Conti M, Guillet M. Brassica rapa hairy root based expression system leads to the production of highly homogenous and reproducible profiles of recombinant human alpha-L-iduronidase. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:505-516. [PMID: 30058762 PMCID: PMC6335068 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Brassica rapa hairy root based expression platform, a turnip hairy root based expression system, is able to produce human complex glycoproteins such as the alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA) with an activity similar to the one produced by Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. In this article, a particular attention has been paid to the N- and O-glycosylation that characterize the alpha-L-iduronidase produced using this hairy root based system. This analysis showed that the recombinant protein is characterized by highly homogeneous post translational profiles enabling a strong batch to batch reproducibility. Indeed, on each of the 6 N-glycosylation sites of the IDUA, a single N-glycan composed of a core Man3 GlcNAc2 carrying one beta(1,2)-xylose and one alpha(1,3)-fucose epitope (M3XFGN2) was identified, highlighting the high homogeneity of the production system. Hydroxylation of proline residues and arabinosylation were identified during O-glycosylation analysis, still with a remarkable reproducibility. This platform is thus positioned as an effective and consistent expression system for the production of human complex therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muriel Bardor
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
- Institut Universitaire de France (I.U.F.)Paris Cedex 05France
| | | | - Jessica Vanier
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Jean Pierre Ele Ekouna
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Laboratoire Glyco‐MEV EA4358UNIROUENNormandie UniversitéRouenFrance
| | - Michèle Boitel‐Conti
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI)Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
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Harfi B, Khelifi L, Khelifi-Slaoui M, Assaf-Ducrocq C, Gontier E. Tropane alkaloids GC/MS analysis and low dose elicitors' effects on hyoscyamine biosynthetic pathway in hairy roots of Algerian Datura species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17951. [PMID: 30560886 PMCID: PMC6299002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites play a major role in plant adaptation to stress. Species belonging to Solanaceae family and Datura genus produce tropane alkaloids: D. stramonium, D. tatula and D. innoxia. These species are cultivated for their hyoscyamine (HS) content, whence the interest of this study to induce transformed roots of these species with strain A4 of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Hairy roots (HRs) of Datura were established at high frequency by infecting vitroplants. All HRs (343 independent lines) were next employed to study the production of HS and growth. A screening of HRs alkaloid content by GC/MS is performed; it reveals, for the first time, the production of 13 alkaloids by the selected root lines. The selection of high productive line offers an interesting option to enhance the productivity. As HS is the dominant compound, the lines of Datura species were selected for their characteristics for biomass and HS production. The elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) were also used to increase HS production. The results showed that the optimal concentration of the two elicitors (AS and ASA) was 0.1 mM. The highest HS content (17.94 ± 0.14 mg g−1 D.W.) obtained in HRs of D. tatula treated with 0.1 mM of acetyl salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boualem Harfi
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), L-RGB, El-Harrach, Alger, Algeria. .,Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie (C.R.Bt), Ali Mendjeli, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Lakhdar Khelifi
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), L-RGB, El-Harrach, Alger, Algeria
| | - Majda Khelifi-Slaoui
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), L-RGB, El-Harrach, Alger, Algeria
| | | | - Eric Gontier
- Université Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), UFR des Sciences, Amiens, France
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Tuan PA, Kim YS, Kim Y, Thwe AA, Li X, Park CH, Lee SY, Park SU. Molecular characterization of flavonoid biosynthetic genes and accumulation of baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin in plant and hairy root of Scutellaria lateriflora. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:1639-1647. [PMID: 30591781 PMCID: PMC6303135 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria lateriflora is well known for its medical applications because of the presence of flavanoids and alkaloids. The present study aimed to explore the molecular aspects and regulations of flavanoids. Five partial cDNAs encoding genes that are involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway: phenylalanine ammonia lyase (SlPAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (SlC4H), 4-coumaroyl CoA ligase (Sl4CL), chalcone synthase (SlCHS), and chalcone isomerase (SlCHI) were isolated from S. lateriflora. Organ expression analysis showed that these genes were expressed in all organs analyzed with the highest levels correlating with the richest accumulation of wogonin in the roots. Baicalin and baicalein differentially accumulated in S. lateriflora plants, with the highest concentration of baicalin and baicalein detected in the leaves and stems, respectively. Exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) significantly enhanced the expression of SlCHS and SlCHI, and accumulation of baicalin (22.54 mg/g), baicalein (1.24 mg/g), and wogonin (5.39 mg/g) in S. lateriflora hairy roots. In addition, maximum production of baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin in hairy roots treated with MeJA was approximately 7.44-, 2.38-, and 2.12-fold, respectively. Light condition increased the expression level of SlCHS, the first committed step in flavonoid biosynthesis in hairy roots of S. lateriflora after 3 and 4 weeks of development compared to the dark condition. Dark-grown hairy roots contained a higher content of baicalin and baicalein than light-grown hairy roots, while light-grown hairy roots accumulated more wogonin than dark-grown hairy roots. These results may helpful for the metabolic engineering of flavonoids biosynthesis in S. lateriflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Anh Tuan
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Young Seon Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Yeji Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Aye Aye Thwe
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Chang Ha Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Sook Young Lee
- Regional Innovation Center for Dental Science & Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
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Singh P, Prasad R, Tewari R, Jaidi M, Kumar S, Rout PK, Rahman LU. Silencing of quinolinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase (QPT) gene for enhanced production of scopolamine in hairy root culture of Duboisia leichhardtii. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13939. [PMID: 30224763 PMCID: PMC6141460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Scopolamine is a pharmaceutically important tropane alkaloid which is used therapeutically in the form of an anesthetic and antispasmodic drug. The present study demonstrates enhanced scopolamine production from transgenic hairy root clones of Duboisia leichhardtii wherein the expression of quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (QPT) gene was silenced using the QPT-RNAi construct under the control of CaMV 35 S promoter. The RNAi hairy roots clones viz. P4, P7, P8, and P12 showed the enhanced synthesis of scopolamine with significant inhibition of nicotine biosynthesis. Optimization of culture duration in combination with methyl jasmonate elicitor in different concentrations (50 µM-200 µM) was carried out. Maximum synthesis of scopolamine had obtained from HR clones P7 (8.84 ± 0.117 mg/gm) on the 30th day of cultivation. Conspicuously, elicitation with wound-associated hormone methyl jasmonate enhanced the yield of scopolamine 2.2 fold (19.344 ± 0.275 mg/gm) compared to the culture lacking the elicitor. The transgenic hairy roots cultures established with RNAi mediated silencing of quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase gene provides an alternative approach to increase the yield of scopolamine in fulfilling the demand of this secondary metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Ratnum Prasad
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Rashi Tewari
- Chemical Science Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Meraj Jaidi
- Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, CPMB Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P., 226001, India
| | - Susheel Kumar
- Plant Molecular Virology Laboratory, CPMB Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P., 226001, India
| | - P K Rout
- Chemical Science Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Laiq Ur Rahman
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India.
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Ho TT, Lee JD, Ahn MS, Kim SW, Park SY. Enhanced production of phenolic compounds in hairy root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum and its metabolite discrimination using HPLC and FT-IR methods. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9563-9575. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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40
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Skrzypczak-Pietraszek E, Reiss K, Żmudzki P, Pietraszek J. Enhanced accumulation of harpagide and 8-O-acetyl-harpagide in Melittis melissophyllum L. agitated shoot cultures analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202556. [PMID: 30133513 PMCID: PMC6104996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Harpagide and its derivatives have valuable medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and potential antirheumatic effects. There is the demand for searching plant species containing these iridoids or developing biotechnological methods to obtain the compounds. The present study investigated the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJa, 50 μM), ethephon (Eth, 50 μM) and L-phenylalanine (L-Phe, 2.4 g/L of medium), added to previously selected variant of Murashige and Skoog medium (supplemented with plant growth regulators: 6-benzylaminopurine 1.0 mg/L, α-naphthaleneacetic acid 0.5 mg/L, gibberellic acid 0.25 mg/L) on the accumulation of harpagide and 8-O-acetyl-harpagide in Melittis melissophyllum L. agitated shoot cultures. Plant material was harvested 2 and 8 days after the supplementation. Iridoids were quantitatively analyzed by the UPLC-MS/MS method in extracts from the biomass and the culture medium. It was found that all of the variants caused an increase in the accumulation of harpagide. In the biomass harvested after 2 days, the highest harpagide content of 247.3 mg/100 g DW was found for variant F (L-Phe and Eth), and the highest 8-O-acetyl-harpagide content of 138 mg/100 g DW for variant E (L-Phe and MeJa). After 8 days, in some variants, a portion of the metabolites was released into the culture medium. Considering the total amount of the compounds (in the biomass and medium), the highest accumulation of harpagide, amounting to 619 mg/100 g DW, was found in variant F, and the highest amount of 8-O-acetyl-harpagide, of 255.4 mg/100 g DW, was found in variant H (L-Phe, MeJa, Eth) when harvested on the 8th day. These amounts were, respectively, 24.7 and 4.8 times higher than in the control culture, and were, respectively, 15 and 6.7 times higher than in the leaves of the soil-grown plant. The total amount of the two iridoids was highest for variant F (0.78% DW) and variant H (0.68% DW) when harvested on the 8th day. The results indicate that the agitated shoot cultures of M. melissophyllum can be a rich source of harpagide and 8-O-acetyl-harpagide, having a potential practical application. To the best of our knowledge we present for the first time the results of the quantitative UPLC-MS/MS analysis of harpagide and 8-O-acetyl-harpagide in M. melissophyllum shoot cultures and the enhancement of their accumulation by means of medium supplementation with elicitors and precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Skrzypczak-Pietraszek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Reiss
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Pietraszek
- Department of Software Engineering and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
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41
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Plant cell culture technology in the cosmetics and food industries: current state and future trends. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8661-8675. [PMID: 30099571 PMCID: PMC6153648 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The production of drugs, cosmetics, and food which are derived from plant cell and tissue cultures has a long tradition. The emerging trend of manufacturing cosmetics and food products in a natural and sustainable manner has brought a new wave in plant cell culture technology over the past 10 years. More than 50 products based on extracts from plant cell cultures have made their way into the cosmetics industry during this time, whereby the majority is produced with plant cell suspension cultures. In addition, the first plant cell culture-based food supplement ingredients, such as Echigena Plus and Teoside 10, are now produced at production scale. In this mini review, we discuss the reasons for and the characteristics as well as the challenges of plant cell culture-based productions for the cosmetics and food industries. It focuses on the current state of the art in this field. In addition, two examples of the latest developments in plant cell culture-based food production are presented, that is, superfood which boosts health and food that can be produced in the lab or at home.
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42
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Sharifi-Rad M, Roberts TH, Matthews KR, Bezerra CF, Morais-Braga MFB, Coutinho HDM, Sharopov F, Salehi B, Yousaf Z, Sharifi-Rad M, Del Mar Contreras M, Varoni EM, Verma DR, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J. Ethnobotany of the genus Taraxacum-Phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2131-2145. [PMID: 30039597 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants belonging to the genus Taraxacum have been used in traditional healthcare to treat infectious diseases including food-borne infections. This review aims to summarize the available information on Taraxacum spp., focusing on plant cultivation, ethnomedicinal uses, bioactive phytochemicals, and antimicrobial properties. Phytochemicals present in Taraxacum spp. include sesquiterpene lactones, such as taraxacin, mongolicumin B, and taraxinic acid derivatives; triterpenoids, such as taraxasterol, taraxerol, and officinatrione; and phenolic derivatives, such as hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, chicoric, and caffeoyltartaric acids), coumarins (aesculin and cichoriin), lignans (mongolicumin A), and taraxacosides. Aqueous and organic extracts of different plant parts exhibit promising in vitro antimicrobial activity relevant for controlling fungi and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, this genus represents a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. However, so far, preclinical evidence for these activities has not been fully substantiated by clinical studies. Indeed, clinical evidence for the activity of Taraxacum bioactive compounds is still scant, at least for infectious diseases, and there is limited information on oral bioavailability, pharmacological activities, and safety of Taraxacum products in humans, though their traditional uses would suggest that these plants are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Thomas H Roberts
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karl R Matthews
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Camila F Bezerra
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular - LMBM, Departamento de Química Biológica - DQB, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Pimenta, Crato, Brazil
| | - Maria Flaviana B Morais-Braga
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular - LMBM, Departamento de Química Biológica - DQB, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Pimenta, Crato, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular - LMBM, Departamento de Química Biológica - DQB, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Pimenta, Crato, Brazil
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zubaida Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Majid Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - María Del Mar Contreras
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Ambiental y de los Materiales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Deepa R Verma
- Department of Botany and Postgraduate Department, Biological Sciences, VIVA College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Virar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Matvieieva N, Shutava H, Shysh S, Drobot K, Ratushnyak Y, Duplij V. Alterations in the Antioxidant Status of Transgenic Roots of Artemisia spp. Representatives after A. rhizogenes-Mediated Genetic Transformation. CYTOL GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452718040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Chen L, Cai Y, Liu X, Guo C, Sun S, Wu C, Jiang B, Han T, Hou W. Soybean hairy roots produced in vitro by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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45
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Genetically Transformed Root-Based Culture Technology in Medicinal Plant Cosmos bipinnatus. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.67182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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46
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Skrzypczak-Pietraszek E, Piska K, Pietraszek J. Enhanced production of the pharmaceutically important polyphenolic compounds in Vitex agnus castus L. shoot cultures by precursor feeding strategy. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:287-297. [PMID: 32624908 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agitated Vitex agnus castus L. shoot cultures were established to analyse the content of selected pharmaceutically important flavonoids and phenolic acids. Two variants (selected from nine ones) of MS medium were prepared: A (BAP 1 mg/L; NAA 0.5 mg/L; GA3 0.25 mg/L) and B (BAP 2 mg/L; NAA 0.5 mg/L). The biomass was harvested after 1, 2, 3,4, 5 and 6 weeks. Four-week cultures (variant A) were selected to perform the precursor feeding experiment. The L-phenylalanine dose of 1.6 g/L appears to be the most advantageous. Compared to the control cultures, the content of the individual compounds increased in a range from 1.4 to 17.3-fold (e.g. p-coumaric acid - 17.3 fold; casticin - 4.8-fold). The biomass from in vitro cultures is richer in neochlorogenic acid (16-fold), p-coumaric acid (5.3-fold), rutin (2.8-fold), caffeic acid (1.5-fold) and cinaroside (1.5-fold) than the leaves of its parent greenhouse-cultivated plants. Extracts contained 30 mg/100 g DW of casticin, but after the hydrolysis its amount increased up to 200 mg/100 g DW and twice exceeded the content in the greenhouse leaves. The results indicate that V. agnus castus agitated shoot cultures might be considered as a potential biotechnological source of some pharmaceutically important compounds, especially casticin, rutin, neochlorogenic and p-coumaric acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Skrzypczak-Pietraszek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Jacek Pietraszek
- Department of Software Engineering and Applied Statistics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Cracow University of Technology Krakow Poland
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47
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Balasubramanian M, Anbumegala M, Surendran R, Arun M, Shanmugam G. Elite hairy roots of Raphanus sativus (L.) as a source of antioxidants and flavonoids. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:128. [PMID: 29450118 PMCID: PMC5811410 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient protocol for hairy root induction in radish was established by optimizing several parameters that affect the efficiency of Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformations. Explants wounded using sterile hypodermic needle, infected with Agrobacterium suspension (0.6 OD600) for 10 min and co-cultivated in 1/2 MS medium containing acetosyringone (100 µM) for 2 days displayed maximum percentage of hairy root induction using MTCC 2364 (77.6%) and MTCC 532 (67.6%). On further experiments with MTCC 2364 initiated hairy roots, maximum biomass accumulation (fresh weight = 9.50 g; dry weight = 1.48 g) was achieved in liquid 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 87.6 mM sucrose after 40 days of culture. Transgenic state of hairy roots of MTCC 2364 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction using rolB- and rolC-specific primers. The MTCC 2364-induced hairy roots produced higher amount of phenolic (33.0 mg g-1), flavonoid (48.0 mg g-1), and quercetin (114.8 mg g-1) content compared to auxin-induced roots of non-transformed radish. Furthermore, the results of ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay confirmed that the antioxidant activity of MTCC 2364 root extracts was improved when compared to auxin-induced roots of non-transformed radish. The present study offers a new insight in radish for production of phenolics and flavonoids (quercetin) using A. rhizogenes-mediated hairy root induction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murugesan Anbumegala
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
| | - Ramasamy Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
| | - Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
| | - Girija Shanmugam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046 India
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48
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Werner S, Maschke RW, Eibl D, Eibl R. Bioreactor Technology for Sustainable Production of Plant Cell-Derived Products. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54600-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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49
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Majumder A, Ray S, Jha S. Hairy Roots and Phytoremediation. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54600-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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50
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Sun J, Zhao L, Shao Z, Shanks J, Peebles CAM. Expression of tabersonine 16-hydroxylase and 16-hydroxytabersonine-O-methyltransferase in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:673-683. [PMID: 29105731 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The monoterpene indole alkaloids vindoline and catharanthine, which are exclusively synthesized in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus, are the two important precursors for the production of pharmaceutically important anti-cancer medicines vinblastine and vincristine. Hairy root culture is an ideal platform for alkaloids production due to its industrial scalability, genetic and chemical stability, and availability of genetic engineering tools. However, C. roseus hairy roots do not produce vindoline due to the lack of expression of the seven-step pathway from tabersonine to vindoline [Murata & De Luca (2015) Plant Journal, 44, 581-594]. The present study describes the genetic engineering of the first two genes tabersonine 16-hydroxylase (T16H) and 16-O-methyl transferase (16OMT) in the missing vindoline pathway under the control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter to direct tabersonine toward vindoline biosynthesis in C. roseus hairy roots. In two transgenic hairy roots, the induced overexpression of T16H and 16OMT resulted in the accumulation of vindoline pathway metabolites 16-hydroxytabersonine and 16-methoxytabersonine. The levels of root-specific alkaloids, including lochnericine, 19-hydroxytabersonine and hörhammericine, significantly decreased in the induced hairy roots in comparison to the uninduced control lines. This suggests tabersonine was successfully channeled to the vindoline pathway away from the roots competing pathway based on the overexpression. Interestingly, another two new metabolites were detected in the induced hairy roots and proposed to be the epoxidized-16-hydroxytabersonine and lochnerinine. Thus, the introduction of vindoline pathway genes in hairy roots can cause unexpected terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIA) profile alterations. Furthermore, we observed complex transcriptional changes in TIA genes and regulators detected by RT-qPCR which highlight the tight regulation of the TIA pathway in response to T16H and 16OMT engineering in C. roseus hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Le Zhao
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Center for Biorenewable Chemicals, Ames, Iowa
| | - Zengyi Shao
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Center for Biorenewable Chemicals, Ames, Iowa
| | - Jacqueline Shanks
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Center for Biorenewable Chemicals, Ames, Iowa
| | - Christie A M Peebles
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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