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Liu Z, Zhang X, Lei D, Qiao B, Zhao GR. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for de novo production of 3-phenylpropanol via retrobiosynthesis approach. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:121. [PMID: 34176467 PMCID: PMC8237410 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 3-Phenylpropanol with a pleasant odor is widely used in foods, beverages and cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient. It also acts as the precursor and reactant in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Currently, petroleum-based manufacturing processes of 3-phenypropanol is environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable. In this study, we aim to engineer Escherichia coli as microbial cell factory for de novo production of 3-phenypropanol via retrobiosynthesis approach. Results Aided by in silico retrobiosynthesis analysis, we designed a novel 3-phenylpropanol biosynthetic pathway extending from l-phenylalanine and comprising the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), enoate reductase (ER), aryl carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) and phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase). We screened the enzymes from plants and microorganisms and reconstructed the artificial pathway for conversion of 3-phenylpropanol from l-phenylalanine. Then we conducted chromosome engineering to increase the supply of precursor l-phenylalanine and combined the upstream l-phenylalanine pathway and downstream 3-phenylpropanol pathway. Finally, we regulated the metabolic pathway strength and optimized fermentation conditions. As a consequence, metabolically engineered E. coli strain produced 847.97 mg/L of 3-phenypropanol at 24 h using glucose-glycerol mixture as co-carbon source. Conclusions We successfully developed an artificial 3-phenylpropanol pathway based on retrobiosynthesis approach, and highest titer of 3-phenylpropanol was achieved in E. coli via systems metabolic engineering strategies including enzyme sources variety, chromosome engineering, metabolic strength balancing and fermentation optimization. This work provides an engineered strain with industrial potential for production of 3-phenylpropanol, and the strategies applied here could be practical for bioengineers to design and reconstruct the microbial cell factory for high valuable chemicals. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01615-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Dengwei Lei
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Guang-Rong Zhao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China. .,Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute, Tianjin University, Tangxing Road 133, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518071, China.
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Singh S, Pandey P, Akhtar MQ, Negi AS, Banerjee S. A new synthetic biology approach for the production of curcumin and its glucoside in Atropa belladonna hairy roots. J Biotechnol 2021; 328:23-33. [PMID: 33422568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin has ignited global interest as an elite drugable molecule, owing to its time-honoured pharmacological activities against diverse human ailments. Limited natural accessibility and poor oral bioavailability caused major hurdles in the curcumin-based drug development process. We report the first successful testimony of curcumin and its glucoside synthesis in Atropa belladonna hairy roots (HR) through metabolic engineering. Re-routing the inherent biosynthetic precursors of the phenylpropanoid pathway of A. belladonna by heterologous expression of key curcumin biosynthetic pathway genes (i.e., Diketide-CoA synthase-DCS and Curcumin synthase-CURS3) and glucosyltransferase gene (CaUGT2) resulted in the production of curcumin and its glucoside in HR clones. Under shake-flask cultivation, the PGD2-HR1clone bearing DCS/ CURS3 genes showed the maximum curcumin yield (180.62 ± 4.7 μg/g DW), while the highest content of curcumin monoglucoside (32.63 ± 2.27 μg/g DW) along with curcumin (67.89 ± 2.56 μg/g DW) were noted in the PGD3-HR3 clone co-expressing DCS/CURS3 and CaUGT2 genes. Bioreactor up-scaling showed yield improvements in the PGD2-HR1 (2.3 fold curcumin) and the PGD3-HR3 clone (0.9 and 1.65 folds of curcumin-monoglucoside and curcumin respectively). These findings proved the advantageous use of HR cultures as the production source for curcumin and its glucoside, which remained unexplored so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailendra Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Pandey
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Qussen Akhtar
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; School of Agriculture Sciences, K.K. University, Bihar Sharif, Nalanda, Bihar, India
| | - Arvind Singh Negi
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suchitra Banerjee
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Zhang F, Ren J, Zhan J. Identification and Characterization of an Efficient Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase from Photorhabdus luminescens. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:1099-1115. [PMID: 33411135 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A putative aromatic amino acid ammonia-lyase gene (named Pl-pal) was discovered in Photorhabdus luminescens DSM 3368. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses predicted that this enzyme is a histidine ammonia-lyase, whereas sequence alignment suggested that it is more likely a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). This gene was amplified from P. luminescens and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The function of Pl-PAL (58 kDa) was characterized by in vitro enzymatic reactions with L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), L-tyrosine (L-Tyr), L-histidine (L-His), and L-tryptophan (L-Trp). Pl-PAL can convert L-Phe and L-Tyr to trans-cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid, respectively, but had no function on L-His and L-Trp. The optimum temperature and pH were determined to be 40 °C and 11.0, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, Pl-PAL had a kcat/Km value of 0.52 s-1 mM-1 with L-Phe as the substrate, while only 0.013 s-1 mM-1 for L-Tyr. Therefore, the primary function of Pl-PAL was determined to be PAL. The Pl-pal-harboring E. coli strain was used as a whole-cell biocatalyst to produce trans-cinnamic acid from L-Phe. The overall molar conversion rate and productivity were 65.98% and 228.10 mg L-1 h-1, respectively, after the cells were repeatedly utilized 7 times. This work thus provides a promising strain for industrial production of trans-cinnamic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.,College of Life Science and Chemistry, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
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4
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Cui P, Zhong W, Qin Y, Tao F, Wang W, Zhan J. Characterization of two new aromatic amino acid lyases from actinomycetes for highly efficient production of p-coumaric acid. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1287-1298. [PMID: 32198549 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a bioactive natural product and an important industrial material for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. It can be synthesized from deamination of L-tyrosine by tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL). In this work, we discovered two aromatic amino acid lyase genes, Sas-tal and Sts-tal, from Saccharothrix sp. NRRL B-16348 and Streptomyces sp. NRRL F-4489, respectively, and expressed them in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The two enzymes were functionally characterized as TAL. The optimum reaction temperature for Sas-TAL and Sts-TAL is 55 °C and 50 °C, respectively; while, the optimum pH for both TALs is 11. Sas-TAL had a kcat/Km value of 6.2 μM-1 min-1, while Sts-TAL had a much higher efficiency with a kcat/Km value of 78.3 μM-1 min-1. Both Sts-TAL and Sas-TAL can also take L-phenylalanine as the substrate to yield trans-cinnamic acid, and Sas-TAL showed much higher phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity than Sts-TAL. Using E. coli/Sts-TAL as a whole-cell biocatalyst, the productivity of p-CA reached 2.88 ± 0.12 g (L h)-1, which represents the highest efficiency for microbial production of p-CA. Therefore, this work not only reports the identification of two new TALs from actinomycetes, but also provides an efficient way to produce the industrially valuable material p-CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwu Cui
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China.,TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-4105, USA
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Hangzhou Viablife Biotech Co., Ltd., 1 Jingyi Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311113, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuping Tao
- Hangzhou Viablife Biotech Co., Ltd., 1 Jingyi Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311113, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Jixun Zhan
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-4105, USA.
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Rodrigues JL, Gomes D, Rodrigues LR. A Combinatorial Approach to Optimize the Production of Curcuminoids From Tyrosine in Escherichia coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:59. [PMID: 32117938 PMCID: PMC7019186 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuminoids are well-known for their therapeutic properties. However, their extraction from natural sources is environmentally unfriendly, expensive and limited by seasonal variability, highlighting the need for alternative production processes. We propose an optimized artificial biosynthetic pathway to produce curcuminoids, including curcumin, in Escherichia coli. This pathway involves six enzymes, tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), diketide-CoA synthase (DCS), and curcumin synthase (CURS1). Curcuminoids pathway was divided in two modules, the first module included TAL, C3H and COMT and the second one 4CL, DCS and CURS1. Optimizing the first module of the pathway, from tyrosine to ferulic acid, enabled obtaining the highest ferulic acid titer reported so far (1325.1 μM). Afterward, ferulic acid was used as substrate to optimize the second module of the pathway. We achieved the highest concentration of curcumin ever reported (1529.5 μM), corresponding to a 59.4% increase. Subsequently, curcumin and other curcuminoids were produced from tyrosine (using the whole pathway) in mono-culture. The production increased comparing to a previously reported pathway that used a caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase enzyme (to convert caffeoyl-CoA to feruloyl-CoA) instead of COMT (to convert caffeic to ferulic acid). Additionally, the potential of a co-culture approach was evaluated to further improve curcuminoids production by reducing cells metabolic burden. We used one E. coli strain able to convert tyrosine to ferulic acid and another able to convert the hydroxycinnamic acids produced by the first one to curcuminoids. The co-culture strategies tested led to 6.6 times increase of total curcuminoids (125.8 μM) when compared to the mono-culture system. The curcuminoids production achieved in this study corresponds to a 6817% improvement. In addition, by using an inoculation ratio of 2:1, although total curcuminoids production decreased, curcumin production was enhanced and reached 43.2 μM, corresponding to an improvement of 160% comparing to mono-culture system. To our knowledge, these values correspond to the highest titers of curcuminoids obtained to date. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of modular co-culture engineering to produce curcumin, and other curcuminoids, from tyrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana L Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniela Gomes
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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6
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Chu LL, Pandey RP, Dhakal D, Sohng JK. Increased Production of Dicinnamoylmethane Via Improving Cellular Malonyl-CoA Level by Using a CRISPRi in Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:325-340. [PMID: 31853874 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Curcuminoids are natural phenylpropanoids that are biosynthesized via an L-phenylalanine metabolism pathway in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Curcuminoids have various chemopreventive activities and pharmaceutical applications in human life. In this study, we synthesized dicinnamoylmethane, one principal component of curcuminoids, from cinnamic acid by means of co-expression of Oryza sativa curcuminoid synthase and Petroselinum crispum 4-coumarate-CoA ligase in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Moreover, we used CRISPRi systems to knock down the genes in a tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. The repression of target genes led to an increase of up to 0.236 μmol g-1 DCW of malonyl-CoA in cytosol-engineered E. coli and subsequently increased the biosynthesis of dicinnamoylmethane. We found that the S10 strain containing a CRISPRi repression for three genes, fabF, fabD, and mdh, showed the highest amount of dicinnamoylmethane of 7.54 μM, which is 5.76-fold higher than that of the wild-type strain. Finally, 41.94 μM (~ 11.6 mg) of dicinnamoylmethane was obtained in a 3-L fermenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Luong Chu
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Prasad Pandey
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipesh Dhakal
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Biotechnology, SunMoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Brechun KE, Zhen D, Jaikaran A, Borisenko V, Kumauchi M, Hoff WD, Arndt KM, Woolley GA. Detection of Incorporation of p-Coumaric Acid into Photoactive Yellow Protein Variants in Vivo. Biochemistry 2019; 58:2682-2694. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Brechun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Potsdam, Brandenburg 14476, Germany
| | - Danlin Zhen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Anna Jaikaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Vitali Borisenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Masato Kumauchi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Wouter D. Hoff
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Katja M. Arndt
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Potsdam, Brandenburg 14476, Germany
| | - G. Andrew Woolley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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9
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Couto MR, Rodrigues JL, Rodrigues LR. Optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of curcumin by engineered Escherichia coli. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0470. [PMID: 28835544 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a plant secondary metabolite with outstanding therapeutic effects. Therefore, there is a great interest in developing new strategies to produce this high-value compound in a cheaper and environmentally friendly way. Curcumin heterologous production in Escherichia coli using artificial biosynthetic pathways was previously demonstrated using synthetic biology approaches. However, the culturing conditions to produce this compound were not optimized and so far only a two-step fermentation process involving the exchange of culture medium allowed high concentrations of curcumin to be obtained, which limits its production at an industrial scale. In this study, the culturing conditions to produce curcumin were evaluated and optimized. In addition, it was concluded that E. coli BL21 allows higher concentrations of curcumin to be produced than E. coli K-12 strains. Different isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside concentrations, time of protein expression induction and substrate type and concentration were also evaluated. The highest curcumin production obtained was 959.3 µM (95.93% of per cent yield), which was 3.1-fold higher than the highest concentration previously reported. This concentration was obtained using a two-stage fermentation with lysogeny broth (LB) and M9. Moreover, terrific broth was also demonstrated to be a very interesting alternative medium to produce curcumin because it also led to high concentrations (817.7 µM). The use of this single fermentation medium represents an advantage at industrial scale and, although the final production is lower than that obtained with the LB-M9 combination, it leads to a significantly higher production of curcumin in the first 24 h of fermentation. This study allowed obtaining the highest concentrations of curcumin reported so far in a heterologous organism and is of interest for all of those working with the heterologous production of curcuminoids, other complex polyphenolic compounds or plant secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia R Couto
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana L Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Wang S, Zhang S, Xiao A, Rasmussen M, Skidmore C, Zhan J. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the biosynthesis of various phenylpropanoid derivatives. Metab Eng 2015; 29:153-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Rodrigues JL, Prather KLJ, Kluskens LD, Rodrigues LR. Heterologous production of curcuminoids. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2015; 79:39-60. [PMID: 25631288 PMCID: PMC4402967 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00031-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Curcuminoids, components of the rhizome of turmeric, show several beneficial biological activities, including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Despite their numerous pharmaceutically important properties, the low natural abundance of curcuminoids represents a major drawback for their use as therapeutic agents. Therefore, they represent attractive targets for heterologous production and metabolic engineering. The understanding of biosynthesis of curcuminoids in turmeric made remarkable advances in the last decade, and as a result, several efforts to produce them in heterologous organisms have been reported. The artificial biosynthetic pathway (e.g., in Escherichia coli) can start with the supplementation of the amino acid tyrosine or phenylalanine or of carboxylic acids and lead to the production of several natural curcuminoids. Unnatural carboxylic acids can also be supplemented as precursors and lead to the production of unnatural compounds with possibly novel therapeutic properties. In this paper, we review the natural conversion of curcuminoids in turmeric and their production by E. coli using an artificial biosynthetic pathway. We also explore the potential of other enzymes discovered recently or already used in other similar biosynthetic pathways, such as flavonoids and stilbenoids, to increase curcuminoid yield and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal MIT-Portugal Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and Lisbon, Portugal
| | - K L J Prather
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA MIT-Portugal Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L D Kluskens
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - L R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal MIT-Portugal Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and Lisbon, Portugal
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Rodrigues JL, Araújo RG, Prather KLJ, Kluskens LD, Rodrigues LR. Production of curcuminoids from tyrosine by a metabolically engineeredEscherichia coliusing caffeic acid as an intermediate. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:599-609. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Kong JQ. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, a key component used for phenylpropanoids production by metabolic engineering. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08196c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, a versatile enzyme with industrial and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Kong
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products
- Beijing
- China
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14
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VaCPK20 gene overexpression significantly increased resveratrol content and expression of stilbene synthase genes in cell cultures of Vitis amurensis Rupr. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:5541-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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