1
|
Gao K, Xin Q, Jiang H, Secundo F, Mao X. Efficient expression of OUC-Sb-lip2 in Yarrowia lipolytica and its comprehensive utilization in the enrichment of DHA and EPA from fish oil. Food Chem 2024; 460:140572. [PMID: 39089041 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Lipases are widely used in the modification of functional lipids, particularly in the enrichment of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). In this study, a lipase named OUC-Sb-lip2 was expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica, achieving a promising enzyme activity of 472.6 U/mL by optimizing the culture medium, notably through olive oil supplementation. A significant proportion (58.8%) of the lipase activity was located in the cells, whereas 41.2% was secreted into the supernatant. Both whole-cell and immobilized OUC-Sb-lip2 were used to enrich DHA and EPA from fish oil. The whole-cell approach increased the DHA and EPA contents to 2.59 and 2.55 times that of the original oil, respectively. Similarly, the immobilized OUC-Sb-lip2 resulted in a 2.00-fold increase in DHA and an 1.99-fold increase in EPA after a 6-h hydrolysis period. Whole cell and the immobilized OUC-Sb-lip2 retained 48.7% and 52.7% of their activity after six cycles of reuse, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266404, PR China.; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Qi Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266404, PR China.; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266404, PR China.; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China..
| | - Francesco Secundo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266404, PR China.; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kimura-Ishimaru C, Liang S, Matsuse K, Iwama R, Sato K, Watanabe N, Tezaki S, Horiuchi H, Fukuda R. Mar1, a high mobility group box protein, regulates n-alkane adsorption and cell morphology of the dimorphic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0054624. [PMID: 39058021 PMCID: PMC11337826 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00546-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The dimorphic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica possesses an excellent ability to utilize n-alkane as a sole carbon and energy source. Although there are detailed studies on the enzymes that catalyze the reactions in the metabolic processes of n-alkane in Y. lipolytica, the molecular mechanism underlying the incorporation of n-alkane into the cells remains to be elucidated. Because Y. lipolytica adsorbs n-alkane, we postulated that Y. lipolytica incorporates n-alkane through direct interaction with it. We isolated and characterized mutants defective in adsorption to n-hexadecane. One of the mutants harbored a nonsense mutation in MAR1 (Morphology and n-alkane Adsorption Regulator 1) encoding a protein containing a high mobility group box. The deletion mutant of MAR1 exhibited defects in adsorption to n-hexadecane and filamentous growth on solid media, whereas the strain that overexpressed MAR1 exhibited hyperfilamentous growth. Fluorescence microscopic observations suggested that Mar1 localizes in the nucleus. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed the alteration of the transcript levels of several genes, including those encoding transcription factors and cell surface proteins, by the deletion of MAR1. These findings suggest that MAR1 is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the genes required for n-alkane adsorption and cell morphology transition.IMPORTANCEYarrowia lipolytica, a dimorphic yeast capable of assimilating n-alkane as a carbon and energy source, has been extensively studied as a promising host for bioconversion of n-alkane into useful chemicals and bioremediation of soil and water contaminated by petroleum. While the metabolic pathway of n-alkane in this yeast and the enzymes involved in this pathway have been well characterized, the molecular mechanism to incorporate n-alkane into the cells is yet to be fully understood. Due to the ability of Y. lipolytica to adsorb n-alkane, it has been hypothesized that Y. lipolytica incorporates n-alkane through direct interaction with it. In this study, we identified a gene, MAR1, which plays a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of the genes necessary for the adsorption to n-alkane and the transition of the cell morphology in Y. lipolytica. Our findings provide valuable insights that could lead to advanced applications of Y. lipolytica in n-alkane bioconversion and bioremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simiao Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuro Matsuse
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Iwama
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Sato
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Natsuhito Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tezaki
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Horiuchi
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Fukuda
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren X, Liu M, Yue M, Zeng W, Zhou S, Zhou J, Xu S. Metabolic Pathway Coupled with Fermentation Process Optimization for High-Level Production of Retinol in Yarrowia lipolytica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8664-8673. [PMID: 38564669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Retinol is a lipid-soluble form of vitamin A that is crucial for human visual and immune functions. The production of retinol through microbial fermentation has been the focus of recent exploration. However, the obtained titer remains limited and the product is often a mixture of retinal, retinol, and retinoic acid, necessitating purification. To achieve efficient biosynthesis of retinol in Yarrowia lipolytica, we improved the metabolic flux of β-carotene to provide sufficient precursors for retinol in this study. Coupled with the optimization of the expression level of β-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase, de novo production of retinol was achieved. Furthermore, Tween 80 was used as an extractant and butylated hydroxytoluene as an antioxidant to extract intracellular retinol and prevent retinol oxidation, respectively. This strategy significantly increased the level of retinol production. By optimizing the enzymes converting retinal to retinol, the proportion of extracellular retinol in the produced retinoids reached 100%, totaling 1042.3 mg/L. Finally, total retinol production reached 5.4 g/L through fed-batch fermentation in a 5 L bioreactor, comprising 4.2 g/L extracellular retinol and 1.2 g/L intracellular retinol. This achievement represents the highest reported titer so far and advances the industrial production of retinol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mengsu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mingyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Weizhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shenghu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sha Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deshmukh N, Bhaskaran L. Optimization of cultural and nutritional conditions to enhance mycelial biomass of Cordyceps militaris using statistical approach. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:235-244. [PMID: 38150151 PMCID: PMC10920581 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a fungus with numerous therapeutic properties that has gained worldwide popularity due to its potential health benefits. The fruiting body of this mushroom is highly expensive and takes a longer time to produce, making mycelial a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. The study investigates and optimizes cultural and nutritional conditions to maximize mycelial biomass. The initial optimization was done by the conventional single-factor approach, followed by Plackett-Burman design to screen the most significant variables, with yeast extract, temperature, and glucose being the most significant, contributing 11.58%, 49.74%, and 27.98%, respectively, in mycelial biomass production. These variables were then optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The study observed that temperature and glucose had the highest impact on mycelial biomass, with p-values of 0.0128 and 0.0191, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, temperature 20 °C, glucose 2.5% (w/v), and yeast extract 0.8% (w/v), the maximal yield of mycelial biomass reached 547 ± 2.09 mg/100 mL, which was 1.95-fold higher than the yield in the basal medium. These findings suggest that optimizing the cultural and nutritional conditions can enhance mycelial biomass production of Cordyceps militaris, offering a sustainable and cost-effective source of this valuable fungus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niketan Deshmukh
- L J School of Applied Sciences, L J University, Ahmedabad, 382210, India.
| | - Lakshmi Bhaskaran
- L J School of Applied Sciences, L J University, Ahmedabad, 382210, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zou Y, Li X, Xin X, Xu H, Zhao G. Microbial-Driven Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone: Biotransformation Process and Feasibility Investigation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4246-4256. [PMID: 38317352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A novel yeast-mediated hydrogenation was developed for the synthesis of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) in high yields (over 83%). Moreover, whole-cell catalytic hydrolysis was also designed to hydrolyze NHDC into potential sweeteners, hesperetin dihydrochalcone-7-O-glucoside (HDC-G) and hesperetin dihydrochalcone (HDC). The biohydrogenation was further combined with whole-cell hydrolysis to achieve a one-pot two-step biosynthesis, utilizing yeast to hydrogenate C═C in the structure, while Aspergillus niger cells hydrolyze glycosides. The conversion of NHDC and the proportion of hydrolysis products could be controlled by adjusting the catalysts, the components of the reaction system, and the addition of glucose. Furthermore, yeast-mediated biotransformation demonstrated superior reaction stability and enhanced safety and employed more cost-effective catalysts compared to the traditional chemical hydrogenation of NHDC synthesis. This research not only provides a new route for NHDC production but also offers a safe and flexible one-pot cascade biosynthetic platform for the production of high-value compounds from citrus processing wastes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Zou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Xuan Xin
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Dongsha Street 24, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory National Products and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 3300045, China
| | - Guanglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun ML, Gao X, Lin L, Yang J, Ledesma-Amaro R, Ji XJ. Building Yarrowia lipolytica Cell Factories for Advanced Biomanufacturing: Challenges and Solutions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:94-107. [PMID: 38126236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbial cell factories have shown great potential for industrial production with the benefit of being environmentally friendly and sustainable. Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising and superior non-model host for biomanufacturing due to its cumulated advantages compared to model microorganisms, such as high fluxes of metabolic precursors (acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA) and its naturally hydrophobic microenvironment. However, although diverse compounds have been synthesized in Y. lipolytica cell factories, most of the relevant studies have not reached the level of industrialization and commercialization due to a number of remaining challenges, including unbalanced metabolic flux, conflict between cell growth and product synthesis, and cytotoxic effects. Here, various metabolic engineering strategies for solving the challenges are summarized, which is developing fast and extremely conducive to rational design and reconstruction of robust Y. lipolytica cell factories for advanced biomanufacturing. Finally, future engineering efforts for enhancing the production efficiency of this platform strain are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- 2011 College, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Z, Cai M, Zhou S, You J, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Xu M, Rao Z. High-efficient production of L-homoserine in Escherichia coli through engineering synthetic pathway combined with regulating cell division. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 389:129828. [PMID: 37806363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
L-Homoserine is an important amino acid as a precursor in synthesizing many valuable products. However, the low productivity caused by slow L-homoserine production during active cell growth in fermentation hinders its potential applications. In this study, strategies of engineering the synthetic pathway combined with regulating cell division were employed in an L-homoserine-producing Escherichia coli strain for efficiently biomanufacturing L-homoserine. First, the flux-control genes in the L-homoserine degradation pathway were omitted to redistribute carbon flux. To drive more carbon flux into L-homoserine production, the phosphoenolpyruvate-pyruvate-oxaloacetate loop was redrawn. Subsequently, the cell division was engineered by using the self-regulated promoters to coordinate cell growth and L-homoserine production. The ultimate strain HOM23 produced 101.31 g/L L-homoserine with a productivity of 1.91 g/L/h, which presented the highest L-homoserine titer and productivity to date from plasmid-free strains. The strategies used in this study could be applied to constructing cell factories for producing other L-aspartate derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Mengmeng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Siquan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Jiajia You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Zuyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Q, Li Y, Hou W, Zhang B, Bao J. Cellulase mediated stress triggers the mutations of oleaginous yeast Trichosporon cutaneum with super-large spindle morphology and high lipid accumulation. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300091. [PMID: 37182226 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of intracellular lipid bodies in oleaginous yeast cells is highly restricted by their natural intracellular space. Here we show a cellulase mediated adaptive evolution with ultra-centrifugation fractionation of oleaginous yeast Trichosporon cutaneum to obtain the favorable cell structure for lipid accumulation. Cellulase was added to the wheat straw hydrolysate during long-term adaptive evolution for disruption of cell wall integrity of T. cutaneum cells. The cellulase, together with ultracentrifugation force, triggered multiple mutations and transcriptional expression changes of the functional genes associated with cell wall integrity and lipid synthesis metabolism. The fractionated mutant T. cutaneum YY52 demonstrated the heavily weakened cell wall and high lipid accumulation by the super-large expanded spindle cells (two orders of magnitude greater than the parental). A record-high lipid production by T. cutaneum YY52 was achieved (55.4 ± 0.5 g L-1 from wheat straw and 58.4 ± 0.1 g L-1 from corn stover). This study not only obtained an oleaginous yeast strain with industrial application potential for lipid production but also provided a new method for generation of mutant cells with high intracellular metabolite accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan XY, Liu HH, Song LP, Wang C, Yang H, Lu XY, Ji XJ, Tian Y. Efficient production of cordycepin by engineered Yarrowia lipolytica from agro-industrial residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128964. [PMID: 36972806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cordycepin, a nucleoside compound with a variety of biological activities, has been extensively applied in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. The advancement of microbial cell factories using agro-industrial residues provides a sustainable pathway for cordycepin biosynthesis. Herein, the cordycepin production was enhanced by the modification of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway in engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Then, cordycepin production based on economical and renewable substrates (sugarcane molasses, waste spent yeast, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate) was analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of C/N molar ratio and initial pH on cordycepin production were evaluated. Results indicated that the maximum cordycepin productivity of 656.27 mg/L/d (72 h) and cordycepin titer was 2286.04 mg/L (120 h) by engineered Y. lipolytica in the optimized medium, respectively. The cordycepin productivity in the optimized medium was increased by 28.81% compared with the original medium. This research establishes a promising way for efficient cordycepin production from agro-industrial residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yu Duan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu-Hu Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Song
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yang Lu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding Q, Ye C. Recent advances in producing food additive L-malate: Chassis, substrate, pathway, fermentation regulation and application. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:709-725. [PMID: 36604311 PMCID: PMC10034640 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to being an important intermediate in the TCA cycle, L-malate is also widely used in the chemical and beverage industries. Due to the resulting high demand, numerous studies investigated chemical methods to synthesize L-malate from petrochemical resources, but such approaches are hampered by complex downstream processing and environmental pollution. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop microbial methods for environmentally-friendly and economical L-malate biosynthesis. The rapid progress and understanding of DNA manipulation, cell physiology, and cell metabolism can improve industrial L-malate biosynthesis by applying intelligent biochemical strategies and advanced synthetic biology tools. In this paper, we mainly focused on biotechnological approaches for enhancing L-malate synthesis, encompassing the microbial chassis, substrate utilization, synthesis pathway, fermentation regulation, and industrial application. This review emphasizes the application of novel metabolic engineering strategies and synthetic biology tools combined with a deep understanding of microbial physiology to improve industrial L-malate biosynthesis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ding
- School of Life SciencesAnhui UniversityHefeiChina
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnhui UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern BiomanufacturingHefeiChina
| | - Chao Ye
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ran M, Zhao G, Jiao L, Gu Z, Yang K, Wang L, Cao X, Xu L, Yan J, Yan Y, Xie S, Yang M. Copper Ion Mediates Yeast-to-Hypha Transition in Yarrowia lipolytica. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:249. [PMID: 36836363 PMCID: PMC9966917 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential element that maintains yeast physiological function at low concentrations, but is toxic in excess. This study reported that Cu(II) significantly promoted the yeast-to-hypha transition of Yarrowia lipolytica in dose-dependent manner. Strikingly, the intracellular Cu(II) accumulation was drastically reduced upon hyphae formation. Moreover, we investigated the effect of Cu(II) on the physiological function of Y. lipolytica during the dimorphic transition and found that cellular viability and thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) were both influenced by the Cu(II)-induced yeast-to-hypha transition. Overall, hyphal cells survived better than yeast-form cells with copper ions. Furthermore, transcriptional analysis of the Cu(II)-induced Y. lipolytica before and after hyphae formation revealed a transition state between them. The results showed multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were turned over between the yeast-to-transition and the transition-to-hyphae processes. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified that multiple KEGG pathways, including signaling, ion transport, carbon and lipid metabolism, ribosomal, and other biological processes, were highly involved in the dimorphic transition. Importantly, overexpression screening of more than thirty DEGs further found four novel genes, which are encoded by YALI1_B07500g, YALI1_C12900g, YALI1_E04033g, and YALI1_F29317g, were essential regulators in Cu-induced dimorphic transition. Overexpression of each of them will turn on the yeast-to-hypha transition without Cu(II) induction. Taken together, these results provide new insight to explore further the regulatory mechanism of dimorphic transition in Y. lipolytica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Use of Pressurized and Airlift Bioreactors for Citric Acid Production by Yarrowia lipolytica from Crude Glycerol. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Citric acid production is generally carried out in an aqueous medium in stirred tank reactors (STR), where the solubility of oxygen is low and the oxygen demand of microbial cultures is high. Thus, for this bioprocess, providing adequate oxygen mass transfer rate (OTR) from the gas phase into the aqueous culture medium is the main challenge of bioreactor selection and operation. In this study, citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica W29 from crude glycerol, in batch cultures, was performed in two non-conventional bioreactors normally associated with high mass transfer efficiency: a pressurized STR and an airlift bioreactor. Increased OTR was obtained by raising the total air pressure in the pressurized STR and by increasing the aeration rate in the airlift bioreactor. An improvement of 40% in maximum citric acid titer was obtained by raising the air pressure from 1 bar to 2 bar, whereas, in the airlift bioreactor, a 30% improvement was attained by increasing the aeration rate from 1 vvm to 1.5 vvm. Both bioreactor types can be successfully applied for the citric acid production process using alternative ways of improving OTR than increasing mechanical stirring power input, thus leading to important operating saving costs.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu M, Wang C, Ren X, Gao S, Yu S, Zhou J. Remodelling metabolism for high-level resveratrol production in Yarrowia lipolytica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128178. [PMID: 36279979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol with numerous applications in food, pharma, and cosmetics. Lack of precursors and low titer are the main problems hindering industrial scale resveratrol production. Based on previous prescreening, expressing the combination of FjTAL, Pc4CL1 and VvSTS achieved the best resveratrol titer. This was further improved to 235.1 mg/L through engineering the shikimic acid pathway, applying a modular enzyme assembly of Pc4CL1 and VvSTS, enhancing p-coumaric acid supply and diverting glycolytic flux toward erythrose-4-phosphate. The titer was increased to 819.1 mg/L following two rounds of multicopy integration of resveratrol biosynthesis and malonyl-CoA supply, respectively. The titer reached 22.5 g/L with a yield on glucose of 65.5 mg/g using an optimum fed-batch strategy in a 5 L bioreactor with morphology control. This research is the highest report on the de novo production of resveratrol in Yarrowia lipolytica and the findings lay a solid foundation for other producing polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengsu Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Song Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
AL Mualad WNA, Bouchedja DN, Selmania A, Maadadi R, Ikhlef A, Kabouche Z, Elmechta L, Boudjellal A. Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as a biofactory for the production of lactone-type aroma gamma-decalactone using castor oil as substrate. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
15
|
Khan F, Jeong GJ, Tabassum N, Mishra A, Kim YM. Filamentous morphology of bacterial pathogens: regulatory factors and control strategies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:5835-5862. [PMID: 35989330 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that when exposed to physical, chemical, and biological stresses in the environment, many bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) change their morphology from a normal cell to a filamentous shape. The formation of filamentous morphology is one of the survival strategies against environmental stress and protection against phagocytosis or protist predators. Numerous pathogenic bacteria have shown filamentous morphologies when examined in vivo or in vitro. During infection, certain pathogenic bacteria adopt a filamentous shape inside the cell to avoid phagocytosis by immune cells. Filamentous morphology has also been seen in biofilms formed on biotic or abiotic surfaces by certain bacteria. As a result, in addition to protecting against phagocytosis by immune cells or predators, the filamentous shape aids in biofilm adhesion or colonization to biotic or abiotic surfaces. Furthermore, these filamentous morphologies of bacterial pathogens lead to antimicrobial drug resistance. Clinically, filamentous morphology has become one of the most serious challenges in treating bacterial infection. The current review went into great detail about the various factors involved in the change of filamentous morphology and the underlying mechanisms. In addition, the review discussed a control strategy for suppressing filamentous morphology in order to combat bacterial infections. Understanding the mechanism underlying the filamentous morphology induced by various environmental conditions will aid in drug development and lessen the virulence of bacterial pathogens. KEY POINTS: • The bacterial filamentation morphology is one of the survival mechanisms against several environmental stress conditions and protection from phagocytosis by host cells and protist predators. • The filamentous morphologies in bacterial pathogens contribute to enhanced biofilm formation, which develops resistance properties against antimicrobial drugs. • Filamentous morphology has become one of the major hurdles in treating bacterial infection, hence controlling strategies employed for inhibiting the filamentation morphology from combating bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fazlurrahman Khan
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea. .,Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Akanksha Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea. .,Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Celińska E. "Fight-flight-or-freeze" - how Yarrowia lipolytica responds to stress at molecular level? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3369-3395. [PMID: 35488934 PMCID: PMC9151528 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica is a popular yeast species employed in multiple biotechnological production processes. High resistance to extreme environmental conditions or metabolic burden triggered by synthetically forced over-synthesis of a target metabolite has its practical consequences. The proud status of an “industrial workhorse” that Y. lipolytica has gained is directly related to such a quality of this species. With the increasing amount of knowledge coming from detailed functional studies and comprehensive omics analyses, it is now possible to start painting the landscape of the molecular background behind stress response and adaptation in Y. lipolytica. This review summarizes the current state-of-art of a global effort in revealing how Y. lipolytica responds to both environmental threats and the intrinsic burden caused by the overproduction of recombinant secretory proteins at the molecular level. Detailed lists of genes, proteins, molecules, and biological processes deregulated upon exposure to external stress factors or affected by over-synthesis of heterologous proteins are provided. Specificities and universalities of Y. lipolytica cellular response to different extrinsic and intrinsic threats are highlighted. Key points • Y. lipolytica as an industrial workhorse is subjected to multiple stress factors. • Cellular responses together with involved genes, proteins, and molecules are reviewed. • Native stress response mechanisms are studied and inspire engineering strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Celińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A Temporal Evolution Perspective of Lipase Production by Yarrowia lipolytica in Solid-State Fermentation. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are enzymes that, in aqueous or non-aqueous media, act on water-insoluble substrates, mainly catalyzing reactions on carboxyl ester bonds, such as hydrolysis, aminolysis, and (trans)esterification. Yarrowia lipolytica is a non-conventional yeast known for secreting lipases and other bioproducts; therefore, it is of great interest in various industrial fields. The production of lipases can be carried on solid-state fermentation (SSF) that utilizes solid substrates in the absence, or near absence, of free water and presents minimal problems with microbial contamination due to the low water contents in the medium. Moreover, SSF offers high volumetric productivity, targets concentrated compounds, high substrate concentration tolerance, and has less wastewater generation. In this sense, the present work provides a temporal evolution perspective regarding the main aspects of lipase production in SSF by Y. lipolytica, focusing on the most relevant aspects and presenting the potential of such an approach.
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu Y, Wang X, Li Z, Cheng S, Jiang J. Potential of food waste hydrolysate as an alternative carbon source for microbial oil synthesis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126312. [PMID: 34767904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have great potential as cheap raw materials in microbial oil synthesis and reducing the cost of substrates is essential for the development of microbial oil biosynthesis. In this study, the food waste hydrolysate and synthetic VFAs media were both used as substrate to synthesis microbial oil. The optimal short-chain VFAs ratio for microbial oil synthesis is 20:5:5 and increasing the proportion of propionic acid is the key to obtaining odd fatty acids. The hydrolysate obtained from food waste under the total solid condition of 2:1 and pH 5 is the most suitable medium for microbial oil synthesis. The biological products obtained from food waste hydrolysate were comparable to synthetic VFAs media, obtaining a 34.02% of lipid content. Results prove that food waste hydrolysate has great potential as the available feedstock for microbial oil synthesis and a promising application value in food waste recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Xu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, National Environment and Energy International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, National Environment and Energy International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Shikun Cheng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, National Environment and Energy International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, National Environment and Energy International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Phosphorus and Nitrogen Limitation as a Part of the Strategy to Stimulate Microbial Lipid Biosynthesis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipids called a sustainable alternative to traditional vegetable oils invariably capture the attention of researchers. In this study, the effect of limiting inorganic phosphorus (KH2PO4) and nitrogen ((NH4)2SO4) sources in lipid-rich culture medium on the efficiency of cellular lipid biosynthesis by Y. lipolytica yeast has been investigated. In batch cultures, the carbon source was rapeseed waste post-frying oil (50 g/dm3). A significant relationship between the concentration of KH2PO4 and the amount of lipids accumulated has been revealed. In the shake-flask cultures, storage lipid yield was correlated with lower doses of phosphorus source in the medium. In bioreactor culture in mineral medium with (g/dm3) 3.0 KH2PO4 and 3.0 (NH4)2SO4, the cellular lipid yield was 47.5% (w/w). Simultaneous limitation of both phosphorus and nitrogen sources promoted lipid accumulation in cells, but at the same time created unfavorable conditions for biomass growth (0.78 gd.m./dm3). Increased phosphorus availability with limited cellular access to nitrogen resulted in higher biomass yields (7.45 gd.m./dm3) than phosphorus limitation in a nitrogen-rich medium (4.56 gd.m./dm3), with comparable lipid yields (30% and 32%). Regardless of the medium composition, the yeast preferentially accumulated oleic and linoleic acids as well as linolenic acid up to 8.89%. Further, it is crucial to determine the correlation between N/P molar ratios, biomass growth and efficient lipid accumulation. In particular, considering the contribution of phosphorus as a component of coenzymes in many metabolic pathways, including lipid biosynthesis and respiration processes, its importance as a factor in the cultivation of the oleaginous microorganisms was highlighted.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen L, Yan W, Qian X, Chen M, Zhang X, Xin F, Zhang W, Jiang M, Ochsenreither K. Increased Lipid Production in Yarrowia lipolytica from Acetate through Metabolic Engineering and Cosubstrate Fermentation. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:3129-3138. [PMID: 34714052 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioconversion of acetate, a byproduct generated in industrial processes, into microbial lipids using oleaginous yeasts offers a promising alternative for the economic utilization of acetate-containing waste streams. However, high acetate concentrations will inhibit microbial growth and metabolism. In this study, the acetate utilization capability of Yarrowia lipolytica PO1f was successively improved by overexpressing the key enzyme of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), which resulted in an accumulation of 9.2% microbial lipids from acetate in shake flask fermentation. By further overexpressing the second key enzymes of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in Y. lipolytica, the lipid content was increased to 25.7% from acetate. Finally, the maximum OD600 of 29.2 and a lipid content of 41.7% were obtained with the engineered strain by the adoption of cosubstrate (glycerol and acetate) fed-batch fermentation, which corresponded to an increase of 68 and 95%, respectively. These results presented a promising strategy for economic and efficient microbial lipid production from the waste acetate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiujuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Minjiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu Road South, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yarrowia lipolytica Strains and Their Biotechnological Applications: How Natural Biodiversity and Metabolic Engineering Could Contribute to Cell Factories Improvement. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7070548. [PMID: 34356927 PMCID: PMC8307478 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among non-conventional yeasts of industrial interest, the dimorphic oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica appears as one of the most attractive for a large range of white biotechnology applications, from heterologous proteins secretion to cell factories process development. The past, present and potential applications of wild-type, traditionally improved or genetically modified Yarrowia lipolytica strains will be resumed, together with the wide array of molecular tools now available to genetically engineer and metabolically remodel this yeast. The present review will also provide a detailed description of Yarrowia lipolytica strains and highlight the natural biodiversity of this yeast, a subject little touched upon in most previous reviews. This work intends to fill this gap by retracing the genealogy of the main Yarrowia lipolytica strains of industrial interest, by illustrating the search for new genetic backgrounds and by providing data about the main publicly available strains in yeast collections worldwide. At last, it will focus on exemplifying how advances in engineering tools can leverage a better biotechnological exploitation of the natural biodiversity of Yarrowia lipolytica and of other yeasts from the Yarrowia clade.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lesage J, Timoumi A, Cenard S, Lombard E, Lee HLT, Guillouet SE, Gorret N. Accelerostat study in conventional and microfluidic bioreactors to assess the key role of residual glucose in the dimorphic transition of Yarrowia lipolytica in response to environmental stimuli. N Biotechnol 2021; 64:37-45. [PMID: 34058397 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica, with a diverse array of biotechnological applications, is able to grow as ovoid yeasts or filamentous hyphae depending on environmental conditions. This study has explored the relationship between residual glucose levels and dimorphism in Y. lipolytica. Under pH stress conditions, the morphological and physiological characteristics of the yeast were examined during well-controlled accelerostat cultures using both a 1 L-laboratory scale and a 1 mL-microfluidic bioreactor. The accelerostat mode, via a smooth increase of dilution rate (D), enabled the cell growth rate to increase gradually up to the cell wash-out (D ≥μmax of the strain), which was accompanied by a progressive increase in residual glucose concentration. The results showed that Y. lipolytica maintained an ovoid morphology when residual glucose concentration was below a threshold value of around 0.35-0.37 mg L-1. Transitions towards more elongated forms were triggered at this threshold and progressively intensified with the increase in residual glucose levels. The effect of cAMP on the dimorphic transition was assessed by the exogenous addition of cAMP and the quantification of its intracellular levels during the accelerostat. cAMP has been reported to be an important mediator of environmental stimuli that inhibit filamentous growth in Y. lipolytica by activating the cAMP-PKA regulatory pathway. It was confirmed that the exogenous addition of cAMP inhibited the mycelial morphology of Y. lipolytica, even with glucose concentrations exceeding the threshold level. The results suggest that dimorphic responses in Y. lipolytica are regulated by sugar signaling pathways, most likely via the cAMP-PKA dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lesage
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Asma Timoumi
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Cenard
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Eric Lombard
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Harry L T Lee
- Erbi Bio, Inc, 325 New Boston Stress, Unit 6, Woburn, MA, 01801, USA
| | - Stéphane E Guillouet
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Gorret
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil. 35077, Toulouse Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mamaev D, Zvyagilskaya R. Yarrowia lipolytica: a multitalented yeast species of ecological significance. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6141120. [PMID: 33595651 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica is characterized by GRAS (Generally regarded as safe) status, the versatile substrate utilization profile, rapid utilization rates, metabolic diversity and flexibility, the unique abilities to tolerate to extreme environments (acidic, alkaline, hypersaline, heavy metal-pollutions and others) and elevated biosynthesis and secreting capacities. These advantages of Y. lipolytica allow us to consider it as having great ecological significance. Unfortunately, there is still a paucity of relevant review data. This mini-review highlights ecological ubiquity of Y. lipolytica species, their ability to diversify and colonize specialized niches. Different Y. lipolytica strains, native and engineered, are beneficial in degrading many environmental pollutants causing serious ecological problems worldwide. In agriculture has a potential to be a bio-control agent by stimulating plant defense response, and an eco-friendly bio-fertilizer. Engineered strains of Y. lipolytica have become a very promising platform for eco-friendly production of biofuel, commodities, chemicals and secondary metabolites of plant origin, obtaining which by other method were limited or economically infeasible, or were accompanied by stringent environmental problems. Perspectives to use potential of Y. lipolytica's capacities for industrial scale production of valuable compounds in an eco-friendly manner are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Mamaev
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Renata Zvyagilskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
do Nascimento FV, de Castro AM, Secchi AR, Coelho MAZ. Insights into media supplementation in solid-state fermentation of soybean hulls by Yarrowia lipolytica: Impact on lipase production in tray and insulated packed-bed bioreactors. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
25
|
Do DTH, Fickers P, Ben Tahar I. Improvement of glutathione production by a metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain using a small-scale optimization approach. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 43:407-414. [PMID: 33151450 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to maximize glutathione (GSH) production by a metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain using a small-scale optimization approach. RESULTS A three levels four factorial Box-Behnken Design was used to assess the effect of pH, inulin extract, yeast extract and ammonium sulfate concentrations on cell growth and to generate a mathematical model which predict optimal conditions to maximize biomass production and thus GSH titer. The obtained results revealed that only yeast and inulin extract concentrations significantly affect biomass production. Based on the generated model, a medium composed of 10 g/L of yeast extract and 10 g/L of inulin extract from Jerusalem artichoke was used to conduct batch cultures in 2 L bioreactor. After 48 h of culture, the biomass and the glutathione titer increased by 55% (5.8 gDCW/L) and 61% (1011.4 mg/L), respectively, as compared to non-optimized conditions. CONCLUSION From the obtained results, it could be observed that the model established from small scale culture (i.e. 2 mL) is able to predict performance at larger scale (i.e. 2 L bioreactor, two orders of magnitude scale-up). Moreover, the results highlight the ability of the optimized process to ensure high titer of glutathione using a low-cost carbon source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diem T H Do
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Av. de la Faculté, 2B, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Av. de la Faculté, 2B, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Imen Ben Tahar
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Av. de la Faculté, 2B, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Physiological Characterization of a Novel Wild-Type Yarrowia lipolytica Strain Grown on Glycerol: Effects of Cultivation Conditions and Mode on Polyols and Citric Acid Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10207373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new yeast wild-type Yarrowia lipolytica isolate presented efficient growth on glycerol. During flask cultures, nitrogen limitation led to the secretion of sugar-alcohols as the major metabolites of the process (mannitol, arabitol and erythritol), whereas insignificant quantities of citrate were synthesized. Although in some instances high initial glycerol concentrations were employed (≈150 g/L), remarkable glycerol assimilation and polyol secretion was observed. Total polyols ≈ 52 g/L (conversion yield on glycerol consumed = 0.43 g/g) was recorded in the flask experiments. The sugar-alcohol production bioprocess was successfully simulated with the aid of a modified Velhlust–Aggelis model that fitted very well with the experimental data, while optimized parameter values seemed to be quite consistent. In bioreactor trials, a noticeable metabolic shift towards citric acid production was observed, while simultaneously insignificant polyol quantities were produced. In fed-batch bioreactor experiments, a total citric acid quantity ≈ 102 g/L was recorded—one of the highest in the literature for wild-type Y. lipolytica strains. This metabolic transition was due to higher oxygen saturation into the medium that occurred in the bioreactor experiments compared with the flasks. Cellular lipids produced in the bioreactor trial contained higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids compared with those produced in flasks.
Collapse
|
27
|
Gorczyca M, Kaźmierczak J, Steels S, Fickers P, Celińska E. Impact of oxygen availability on heterologous geneexpression and polypeptide secretion dynamics in Yarrowia lipolytica-based protein production platforms. Yeast 2020; 37:559-568. [PMID: 32445214 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrially relevant traits of Yarrowia lipolytica, like high growth rate, capacity to grow at high cell density or to synthesize biomolecules with high productivities, strongly rely on sufficient oxygen provision. Although the impact of oxygen availability (OA) on the physiology of Y. lipolytica has been already studied, its influence on recombinant protein (rProt) synthesis and secretion has been largely neglected to date. With the aim to fill this gap, a fluorescent reporter protein (yellow fluorescent protein [YFP]) was used herein as a proxy to follow simultaneously rProt synthesis and secretion in Y. lipolytica under different OAs. This study covers the analysis of the reporter gene expression through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, polypeptide synthesis and its retention-to-secretion ratio using flow cytometry and fluorymetry during shake flasks and bioreactor cultivations under different OA. The results gathered demonstrate that OA has a dramatic impact on the kinetics of intracellular and extracellular YFP accumulation. Higher rProt production and secretion were favoured under high OA, and were largely related to OA and not to cell growth. Our observations also suggest the existence of some upper limit of secretory protein accumulation inside the cells above which massive secretion is initiated. Moreover, at low OA, the first bottleneck in rProt synthesis occurs as early as at transcription level, which could results from a lower availability of transcriptional machinery elements. Finally, using flow cytometry and bioreactor cultivations, we highlighted that ovoid cells are generally more efficient in terms of rProt synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gorczyca
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznań, 60-627, Poland
| | - Jan Kaźmierczak
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznań, 60-627, Poland
| | - Sebastien Steels
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Process and Interaction, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Process and Interaction, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ewelina Celińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, Poznań, 60-627, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hackenschmidt S, Bracharz F, Daniel R, Thürmer A, Bruder S, Kabisch J. Effects of a high-cultivation temperature on the physiology of three different Yarrowia lipolytica strains. FEMS Yeast Res 2020; 19:5586564. [PMID: 31605534 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing relevance, ranging from academic research to industrial applications, only a limited number of non-conventional, oleaginous Yarrowia lipolytica strains are characterized in detail. Therefore, we analyzed three strains in regard to their metabolic and physiological properties, especially with respect to important characteristics of a production strain. By investigating different cultivation conditions and media compositions, similarities and differences between the distinct strain backgrounds could be derived. Especially sugar alcohol production, as well as an agglomeration of cells were found to be connected with growth at high temperatures. In addition, sugar alcohol production was independent of high substrate concentrations under these conditions. To investigate the genotypic basis of particular traits, including growth characteristics and metabolite concentrations, genomic analysis were performed. We found sequence variations for one third of the annotated proteins but no obvious link to all phenotypic features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hackenschmidt
- Computergestützte Synthetische Biologie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - F Bracharz
- Computergestützte Synthetische Biologie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - R Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Thürmer
- MF 2: Genomsequenzierung, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Seestrasse 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Bruder
- Computergestützte Synthetische Biologie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - J Kabisch
- Computergestützte Synthetische Biologie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Worland AM, Czajka JJ, Xing Y, Harper WF, Moore A, Xiao Z, Han Z, Wang Y, Su WW, Tang YJ. Analysis of Yarrowia lipolytica growth, catabolism, and terpenoid biosynthesis during utilization of lipid-derived feedstock. Metab Eng Commun 2020; 11:e00130. [PMID: 32577396 PMCID: PMC7300164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2020.e00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study employs biomass growth analyses and 13C-isotope tracing to investigate lipid feedstock utilization by Yarrowia lipolytica. Compared to glucose, oil-feedstock in the minimal medium increases the yeast's biomass yields and cell sizes, but decreases its protein content (<20% of total biomass) and enzyme abundances for product synthesis. Labeling results indicate a segregated metabolic network (the glycolysis vs. the TCA cycle) during co-catabolism of sugars (glucose or glycerol) with fatty acid substrates, which facilitates resource allocations for biosynthesis without catabolite repressions. This study has also examined the performance of a β-carotene producing strain in different growth mediums. Canola oil-containing yeast-peptone (YP) has resulted in the best β-carotene titer (121 ± 13 mg/L), two-fold higher than the glucose based YP medium. These results highlight the potential of Y. lipolytica for the valorization of waste-derived lipid feedstock. 13C tracing was used to track Y. lipolytica metabolism of lipid-based feedstock. Y. lipolytica has a segregated flux network for lipid and sugar co-utilizations. Lipid feedstock and nitrogen sources affect cell morphology and optical density. Lipid feedstock benefits both Y. lipolytica growth and carotenoid biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Worland
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Czajka
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Willie F Harper
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Aryiana Moore
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Zhengyang Xiao
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Zhenlin Han
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Yechun Wang
- Arch Innotek, LLC, 400 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Wei Wen Su
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Yinjie J Tang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ding Q, Ma D, Liu GQ, Li Y, Guo L, Gao C, Hu G, Ye C, Liu J, Liu L, Chen X. Light-powered Escherichia coli cell division for chemical production. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2262. [PMID: 32385264 PMCID: PMC7210317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division can perturb the metabolic performance of industrial microbes. The C period of cell division starts from the initiation to the termination of DNA replication, whereas the D period is the bacterial division process. Here, we first shorten the C and D periods of E. coli by controlling the expression of the ribonucleotide reductase NrdAB and division proteins FtsZA through blue light and near-infrared light activation, respectively. It increases the specific surface area to 3.7 μm−1 and acetoin titer to 67.2 g·L−1. Next, we prolong the C and D periods of E. coli by regulating the expression of the ribonucleotide reductase NrdA and division protein inhibitor SulA through blue light activation-repression and near-infrared (NIR) light activation, respectively. It improves the cell volume to 52.6 μm3 and poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) titer to 14.31 g·L−1. Thus, the optogenetic-based cell division regulation strategy can improve the efficiency of microbial cell factories. Manipulation of genes controlling microbial shapes can affect bio-production. Here, the authors employ an optogenetic method to realize dynamic morphological engineering of E. coli replication and division and show the increased production of acetoin and poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Danlei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Gao-Qiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Cong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Guipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiulai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Worland AM, Czajka JJ, Li Y, Wang Y, Tang YJ, Su WW. Biosynthesis of terpene compounds using the non-model yeast Yarrowia lipolytica: grand challenges and a few perspectives. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 64:134-140. [PMID: 32299032 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica has emerged as an important non-model host for terpene production. However, three main challenges remain in industrial production using this yeast. First, considerable knowledge gaps exist in metabolic flux across multiple compartments, cofactor generation, and catabolism of non-sugar carbon sources. Second, many enzymatic steps in the complex-terpene synthesis pathway can pose rate-limitations, causing accumulation of toxic intermediates and increased metabolic burdens. Third, metabolic shifts, morphological changes, and genetic mutations are poorly characterized under industrial fermentation conditions. To overcome these challenges, systems metabolic analysis, protein engineering, novel pathway engineering, model-guided strain design, and fermentation optimization have been attempted with some successes. Further developments that address these challenges are needed to advance the Yarrowia lipolytica platform for industrial-scale production of high-value terpenes, including those with highly complex structures such as anticancer molecules withanolides and insecticidal limonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Worland
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Czajka
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Yechun Wang
- Arch Innotek, LLC, 4320 Forest Park Ave, St. Louis, MO 63108, United States
| | - Yinjie J Tang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Wei Wen Su
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Konzock O, Norbeck J. Deletion of MHY1 abolishes hyphae formation in Yarrowia lipolytica without negative effects on stress tolerance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231161. [PMID: 32243483 PMCID: PMC7122783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for development of sustainable production processes for production of fats/oils and lipid derived chemicals. The dimorphic oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising organism for conversion of biomass hydrolysate to lipids, but in many such processes hyphae formation will be problematic. We have therefore constructed and compared the performance of strains carrying deletions in several published gene targets suggested to abolish hyphae formation (MHY1, HOY1 and CLA4). The MHY1-deletion was the only of the tested strains which did not exhibit hyphae formation under any of the conditions tested. The MHY1-deletion also had a weak positive effect on lipid accumulation without affecting the total fatty acid composition, irrespective of the nitrogen source used. MHY1 has been suggested to constitute a functional homolog of the stress responsive transcription factors MSN2/4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the deletion of which are highly stress sensitive. However, the deletion of MHY1 displayed only minor difference on survival of a range of acute or long term stress and starvation conditions. We conclude that the deletion of MHY1 in Y.lipolytica is a reliable way of abolishing hyphae formation with few detectable negative side effects regarding growth, stress tolerance and lipid accumulation and composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Konzock
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Norbeck
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang Y, Tang LJ, Peng X, Zhang ZB, Yang HL, Yan RM, Zhu D. Transcriptome analysis of the dimorphic transition induced by pH change and lipid biosynthesis in Trichosporon cutaneum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 47:49-61. [PMID: 31834585 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Trichosporon cutaneum, a dimorphic oleaginous yeast, has immense biotechnological potential, which can use lignocellulose hydrolysates to accumulate lipids. Our preliminary studies on its dimorphic transition suggested that pH can significantly induce its morphogenesis. However, researches on dimorphic transition correlating with lipid biosynthesis in oleaginous yeasts are still limited. In this study, the unicellular yeast cells induced under pH 6.0-7.0 shake flask cultures resulted in 54.32% lipid content and 21.75 g/L dry cell weight (DCW), so lipid production was over threefold than that in hypha cells induced by acidic condition (pH 3.0-4.0). Furthermore, in bioreactor batch cultivation, the DCW and lipid content in unicellular yeast cells can reach 21.94 g/L and 58.72%, respectively, both of which were also more than twofold than that in hypha cells. Moreover, the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), malic enzyme (MAE), isocitrate lyase (ICL) and ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in unicellular cells were all higher than in the hyphal cells. In the meanwhile, the transcriptome data showed that the genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis, carbon metabolism and encoded Rim101 and cAMP-PKA signaling transduction pathways were significantly up-regulated in unicellular cells, which may play an important role in enhancing the lipid accumulation. In conclusion, our results provided insightful information focused on the molecular mechanism of dimorphic transition and process optimization for enhancing lipid accumulation in T. cutaneum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Juan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Xuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Zhi Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Hui Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Ri Ming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Du Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Microbial production of (2 R ,3 S )-isocitric acid: state of the arts and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9321-9333. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
35
|
Russmayer H, Egermeier M, Kalemasi D, Sauer M. Spotlight on biodiversity of microbial cell factories for glycerol conversion. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
36
|
Bouchedja DN, Danthine S, Kar T, Fickers P, Sassi H, Boudjellal A, Blecker C, Delvigne F. pH level has a strong impact on population dynamics of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and oil micro-droplets in multiphasic bioreactor. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:5049001. [PMID: 29982388 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has the ability to use oils and fats as carbon source, making it a promising cell factory for the design of alternative bioprocesses based on renewable substrates. However, such a multiphasic bioreactor design is rather complex and leads to several constraints when considering emulsification of the oil-in-water mixture, foaming and cell growth/physiology on hydrophobic substrate. This study aims to shed light on the effect of pH changes on the physico-chemical properties of the cultivation medium and on cell physiology. It was indeed observed that at a pH value of 6, cell growth rate and intracellular lipid accumulation were optimized. Additionally, foaming was significantly reduced. In order to avoid over foaming in bioreactor, without impairing cell physiology, the use of alternative processes that can only act on the physical structure of culture medium, seems to be an effective alternative to usual chemical anti-foam agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doria Naila Bouchedja
- TERRA Research and Teaching Center, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.,INATAA, BioQual Laboratory, Frères Mentouri University-Constantine1, Route de Ain el Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algeria.,Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Sabine Danthine
- Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Tambi Kar
- TERRA Research and Teaching Center, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- TERRA Research and Teaching Center, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hosni Sassi
- TERRA Research and Teaching Center, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Abdelghani Boudjellal
- INATAA, BioQual Laboratory, Frères Mentouri University-Constantine1, Route de Ain el Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Christophe Blecker
- Food Science and Formulation, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frank Delvigne
- TERRA Research and Teaching Center, Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté d'agronomie, 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang Y, Yan R, Tang L, Zhu L, Zhu D, Bai F. Dimorphism of Trichosporon cutaneum and impact on its lipid production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:203. [PMID: 31485269 PMCID: PMC6714079 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, Trichosporon cutaneum can metabolize pentose sugars more efficiently, and in the meantime is more tolerant to inhibitors, which is suitable for lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass. However, this species experiences dimorphic transition between yeast-form cells and hyphae during submerged fermentation, which consequently affects the rheology and mass transfer performance of the fermentation broth and its lipid production. RESULTS The strain T. cutaneum B3 was cultured with medium composed of yeast extract, glucose and basic minerals. The experimental results indicated that yeast-form morphology was developed when yeast extract was supplemented at 1 g/L, but hyphae were observed when yeast extract supplementation was increased to 3 g/L and 5 g/L, respectively. We speculated that difference in nitrogen supply to the medium might be a major reason for the dimorphic transition, which was confirmed by the culture with media supplemented with yeast extract at 1 g/L and urea at 0.5 g/L and 1.0 g/L to maintain total nitrogen at same levels as that detected in the media with yeast extract supplemented at 3 g/L and 5 g/L. The morphological change of T. cutaneum B3 affected not only the content of intracellular lipids but also their composition, due to its impact on the rheology and oxygen mass transfer performance of the fermentation broth, and more lipids with less polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (C18:2) were produced by the yeast-form cells. When T. cutaneum B3 was cultured at an aeration rate of 1.5 vvm for 72 h with the medium composed of 60 g/L glucose, 3 g/L yeast extract and basic minerals, 27.1 g (dry cell weight)/L biomass was accumulated with the lipid content of 46.2%, and lipid productivity and yield were calculated to be 0.174 g/L/h and 0.21 g/g, respectively. Comparative transcriptomics analysis identified differently expressed genes for sugar metabolism and lipid synthesis as well as signal transduction for the dimorphic transition of T. cutaneum B3. CONCLUSIONS Assimilable nitrogen was validated as one of the major reasons for the dimorphic transition between yeast-form morphology and hyphae with T. cutaneum, and the yeast-form morphology was more suitable for lipid production at high content with less polyunsaturated fatty acids as feedstock for biodiesel production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Riming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Rd., Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Lijuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Rd., Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Libin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Rd., Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Du Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Rd., Nanchang, 330013 China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, School of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Rd., Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Fengwu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai, 200240 China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Thomas S, Sanya DRA, Fouchard F, Nguyen HV, Kunze G, Neuvéglise C, Crutz-Le Coq AM. Blastobotrys adeninivorans and B. raffinosifermentans, two sibling yeast species which accumulate lipids at elevated temperatures and from diverse sugars. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:154. [PMID: 31249618 PMCID: PMC6587252 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of sustainable development, yeast are one class of microorganisms foreseen for the production of oil from diverse renewable feedstocks, in particular those that do not compete with the food supply. However, their use in bulk production, such as for the production of biodiesel, is still not cost effective, partly due to the possible poor use of desired substrates or poor robustness in the practical bioconversion process. We investigated the natural capacity of Blastobotrys adeninivorans, a yeast already used in biotechnology, to store lipids under different conditions. RESULTS The genotyping of seven strains showed the species to actually be composed of two different groups, one that (including the well-known strain LS3) could be reassigned to Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans. We showed that, under nitrogen limitation, strains of both species can synthesize lipids to over 20% of their dry-cell weight during shake-flask cultivation in glucose or xylose medium for 96 h. In addition, organic acids were excreted into the medium. LS3, our best lipid-producing strain, could also accumulate lipids from exogenous oleic acid, up to 38.1 ± 1.6% of its dry-cell weight, and synthesize lipids from various sugar substrates, up to 36.6 ± 0.5% when growing in cellobiose. Both species, represented by LS3 and CBS 8244T, could grow with little filamentation in the lipogenic medium from 28 to 45 °C and reached lipid titers ranging from 1.76 ± 0.28 to 3.08 ± 0.49 g/L in flasks. Under these conditions, the maximum bioconversion yield (Y FA/S = 0.093 ± 0.017) was obtained with LS3 at 37 °C. The presence of genes for predicted subunits of an ATP citrate lyase in the genome of LS3 reinforces its oleaginous character. CONCLUSIONS Blastobotrys adeninivorans and B. raffinosifermentans, which are known to be xerotolerant and genetically-tractable, are promising biotechnological yeasts of the Saccharomycotina that could be further developed through genetic engineering for the production of microbial oil. To our knowledge, this is the first report of efficient lipid storage in yeast when cultivated at a temperature above 40 °C. This paves the way to help reducing costs through consolidated bioprocessing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Thomas
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Daniel R. A. Sanya
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florian Fouchard
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Huu-Vang Nguyen
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Gotthard Kunze
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Correnstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Cécile Neuvéglise
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Anne-Marie Crutz-Le Coq
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Morgunov IG, Kamzolova SV, Karpukhina OV, Bokieva SB, Inozemtsev AN. Biosynthesis of isocitric acid in repeated-batch culture and testing of its stress-protective activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3549-3558. [PMID: 30852660 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of Ds(+)-threo-isocitric acid from ethanol in the Yarrowia lipolytica batch and repeated-batch cultures was studied. Repeated-batch cultivation was found to provide for a good biosynthetic efficiency of the producer for as long as 748 h, probably due to maintenance of high activities of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of isocitric acid. Under optimal repeated-batch cultivation conditions, the producer accumulated 109.6 g/L Ds(+)-threo-isocitric acid with a production rate of 1.346 g/L h. The monopotassium salt of isocitric acid isolated from the culture liquid and purified to 99.9% was found to remove neurointoxication, to restore memory, and to improve the learning of laboratory rats intoxicated with lead and molybdenum salts. Taking into account the fact that the neurotoxic effect of heavy metals is mainly determined by oxidative stress, the aforementioned favorable action of isocitric acid on the intoxicated rats can be explained by its antioxidant activity among other pharmacological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor G Morgunov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Svetlana V Kamzolova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga V Karpukhina
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina str, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Svetlana B Bokieva
- Khetagurov North Ossetian State University, 44-46 Vatutina str, Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia, 362025, Russia
| | - Anatoly N Inozemtsev
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vandermies M, Fickers P. Bioreactor-Scale Strategies for the Production of Recombinant Protein in the Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E40. [PMID: 30704141 PMCID: PMC6406515 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant protein production represents a multibillion-dollar market. Therefore, it constitutes an important research field both in academia and industry. The use of yeast as a cell factory presents several advantages such as ease of genetic manipulation, growth at high cell density, and the possibility of post-translational modifications. Yarrowia lipolytica is considered as one of the most attractive hosts due to its ability to metabolize raw substrate, to express genes at a high level, and to secrete protein in large amounts. In recent years, several reviews have been dedicated to genetic tools developed for this purpose. Though the construction of efficient cell factories for recombinant protein synthesis is important, the development of an efficient process for recombinant protein production in a bioreactor constitutes an equally vital aspect. Indeed, a sports car cannot drive fast on a gravel road. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive snapshot of process tools to consider for recombinant protein production in bioreactor using Y. lipolytica as a cell factory, in order to facilitate the decision-making for future strain and process engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vandermies
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions, University of Liège⁻Gembloux AgroBio Tech, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Fickers
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions, University of Liège⁻Gembloux AgroBio Tech, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang S, Jagtap SS, Deewan A, Rao CV. pH selectively regulates citric acid and lipid production in Yarrowia lipolytica W29 during nitrogen-limited growth on glucose. J Biotechnol 2018; 290:10-15. [PMID: 30496777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica has been used to produce both citric acid and lipid-based bioproducts at high titers. In this study, we found that pH differentially affects citric acid and lipid production in Y. lipolytica W29, with citric acid production enhanced at more neutral pH's and lipid production enhanced at more acid pH's. To determine the mechanism governing this pH-dependent switch between citric acid and lipid production, we profiled gene expression at different pH's and found that the relative expression of multiple transporters is increased at neutral pH. These results suggest that this pH-dependent switch is mediated at the level of citric acid transport rather than changes in the expression of the enzymes involved in citric acid and lipid metabolism. In further support of this mechanism, thermodynamic calculations suggest that citric acid secretion is more energetically favorable at neutral pH's, assuming the fully protonated acid is the substrate for secretion. Collectively, these results provide new insights regarding citric acid and lipid production in Y. lipolytica and may offer new strategies for metabolic engineering and process design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sujit Sadashiv Jagtap
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Anshu Deewan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Christopher V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Influence of ylHog1 MAPK kinase on Yarrowia lipolytica stress response and erythritol production. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14735. [PMID: 30283045 PMCID: PMC6170386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythritol production is a unique response to hyperosmotic stress that is observed in a small group of yeasts, including Yarrowia lipolytica. This study investigated whether this unusual mechanism is regulated by the HOG pathway, well described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The gene YALI0E25135g was identified as the Y. lipolytica homologue of HOG1 and was found to be phosphorylated in response to hyperosmotic shock. Deletion of the gene caused a significant decrease in resistance to hyperosmotic stress and negatively affected erythritol production. Interestingly, the deletion strain yl-hog1Δ displayed significant morphological defects, with the cells growing in a filamentous form. Moreover, yl-hog1Δ cells were also resistant to the cell wall damaging agents Congo red and calcofluor white. Collectively, these results indicate that yl-Hog1 is crucial for the cellular response to hyperosmotic stress, plays a role in the induction of erythritol production, and potentially prevents cross-talk with different MAPK signalling pathways in the cell.
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu X, Yu X, Zhang T, Wang Z, Xu J, Xia J, He A, Yan Y, Xu J. Novel two-stage solid-state fermentation for erythritol production on okara-buckwheat husk medium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:439-446. [PMID: 30005411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An economical model of two-stage solid state fermentation (SSF) (prefermentation stage with Mucor flavus and in situ erythritol fermentation stage with Yarrowia lipolytica) for enhancing erythritol production was investigated. Buckwheat husk (BH) was utilized as inert support for the first time and okara as the substrate. Morphological properties suggested yeast cells were exposed in adequate oxygen leading to high erythritol yield, and enzyme activities analysis indicated M. flavus and Y. lipolytica grew and cooperated well during the two ferment stages. Maximum erythritol production (143.3 mg/gds) was obtained from okara-BH mixture (5:2, w/w) supplemented with 0.01 g/gds NaCl, with an initial moisture content of 60% and pH of 4.0 for 192 h, while undesired mannitol and citric acid were suppressed. Compared with submerged fermentation, two-stage SSF was short period, energy conserving and operable for erythritol production from insoluble wastes, and this is the first report on erythritol production via SSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinjun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiaxing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.
| | - Jun Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Aiyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Yubo Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| |
Collapse
|