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Santos LDM, Campos CM, Garcia-Garcia HM, Godinho RR, Lopes MAAM, Seleme VB, Côrtes RS, Mendes GDAC, Rosa VEE, Lopes NHM, de Brito Junior FS, Abizaid AAC. Concordance between vessel-specific and vascular territory coronary functional assessment: A comparison of quantitative flow ratio and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2024. [PMID: 38558510 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.31021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) are utilized for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD) significance. We aimed to analyze their concordance and prognostic impact. AIMS We aimed to analyze the concordance between QFR and MPS and their risk stratification. METHODS Patients with invasive coronary angiography and MPS were categorized as concordant if QFR ≤ 0.80 and summed difference score (SDS) ≥ 4 or if QFR > 0.80 and SDS < 4; otherwise, they were discordant. Concordance was classified by coronary territory involvement: total (three territories), partial (two territories), poor (one territory), and total discordance (zero territories). Leaman score assessed coronary atherosclerotic burden. RESULTS 2010 coronary territories (670 patients) underwent joint QFR and MPS analysis. MPS area under the curve for QFR ≤ 0.80 was 0.637. Concordance rates were total (52.5%), partial (29.1%), poor (15.8%), and total discordance (2.6%). Most concordance occurred in patients without significant CAD or with single-vessel disease (89.5%), particularly without MPS perfusion defects (91.5%). Leaman score (odds ratio [OR]: 0.839, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.805-0.875, p < 0.001) and MPS perfusion defect (summed stress score [SSS] ≥ 4) (OR: 0.355, 95% CI: 0.211-0.596, p < 0.001) were independent predictors for discordance. After 1400 days, no significant difference in death/myocardial infarction was observed based on MPS assessment, but Leaman score, functional Leaman score, and average QFR identified higher risk patients. CONCLUSIONS MPS showed good overall accuracy in assessing QFR significance but substantial discordance existed. Predictors for discordance included higher atherosclerotic burden and MPS perfusion defects (SSS ≥ 4). Leaman score, QFR-based functional Leaman score, and average QFR provided better risk stratification for all-cause death and myocardial infarction than MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano de Moura Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hospital Santa Lucia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Carlos M Campos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Prevent Senior, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hector Manuel Garcia-Garcia
- Instituto Prevent Senior, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Silva Côrtes
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hospital Santa Lucia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Chen M, Liu J, Xie Z, Chen W, Hu Y, Wen J, Chen J, Chen X, Lin L, Wang R, Lu L. Effect of hemoglobin A1c management levels on coronary physiology evaluated by quantitative flow ratio in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:336-345. [PMID: 38009857 PMCID: PMC10906016 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The coronary physiology and prognosis of patients with different hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are currently unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different levels of HbA1c control on coronary physiology in patients who underwent PCI for coronary heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus by quantitative flow ratio (QFR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who successfully underwent PCI and completed 1-year coronary angiographic follow up were enrolled, clinical data were collected, and QFR at immediate and 1-year follow up after PCI was retrospectively analyzed. A total of 257 patients (361 vessels) were finally enrolled and divided into the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)-compliance group (103 patients, 138 vessels) and non-HbA1c-compliance group (154 patients, 223 vessels) according to the HbA1c cut-off value of 7%. We compared the results of QFR analysis and clinical outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS At 1-year follow up after PCI, the QFR was significantly higher (0.94 ± 0.07 vs 0.92 ± 0.10, P = 0.019) and declined less (0.014 ± 0.066 vs 0.033 ± 0.095, P = 0.029) in the HbA1c-compliance group. Meanwhile, the incidence of physiological restenosis was lower in the HbA1c-compliance group (2.9% vs 8.5%, P = 0.034). Additionally, the target vessel revascularization rate was lower in the HbA1c-compliance group (6.8% vs 16.9%, P = 0.018). Furthermore, HbA1c ≥7% (OR 2.113, 95% confidence interval 1.081-4.128, P = 0.029) and QFR decline (OR 2.215, 95% confidence interval 1.147-4.277, P = 0.018) were independent risk factors for target vessel revascularization. CONCLUSION Patients with well-controlled HbA1c levels have better coronary physiological benefits and the incidence of adverse clinical outcome events might be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Chen
- Department of CardiologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Jichen Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zhangxin Xie
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of EmergencyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Emergency Medical CenterFujian Provincial Institute of Emergency MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of CardiologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Junping Wen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of EndocrinologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Institute for Immunology, Fujian Academy of Medical SciencesFuzhouChina
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of Critical Care MedicineFujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Lirong Lin
- Department of CardiologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Rehua Wang
- Department of CardiologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Lihong Lu
- Department of CardiologyFujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouChina
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
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Tang X, Dai N, Zhang B, Cai H, Huo Y, Yang M, Jiang Y, Duan S, Shen J, Zhu M, Xu Y, Ge J. Comparison of 2D-QCA, 3D-QCA and coronary angiography derived FFR in predicting myocardial ischemia assessed by CZT-SPECT MPI. J Nucl Cardiol 2023; 30:1973-1982. [PMID: 36929293 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-023-03240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiography derived fractional flow reserve (angio-FFR) has been proposed. This study aimed to assess its diagnostic performance with cadmium-zinc-telluride single emission computed tomography (CZT-SPECT) as reference. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients underwent CZT-SPECT within 3 months of coronary angiography were included. Angio-FFR computation was performed using computational fluid dynamics. Percent diameter (%DS) and area stenosis (%AS) were measured by quantitative coronary angiography. Myocardial ischemia was defined as a summed difference score ≥ 2 in a vascular territory. Angio-FFR ≤ 0.80 was considered abnormal. 282 coronary arteries in 131 patients were analyzed. Overall accuracy of angio-FFR to detect ischemia on CZT-SPECT was 90.43%, with a sensitivity of 62.50% and a specificity of 98.62%. The diagnostic performance (= area under ROC = AUC) of angio-FFR [AUC = 0.91, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.86-0.95] was similar as those of %DS (AUC = 0.88, 95% CI 0.84-0.93, p = 0.326) and %AS (AUC = 0.88, 95% CI 0.84-0.93 p = 0.241) by 3D-QCA, but significantly higher than those of %DS (AUC = 0.59, 95% CI 0.51-0.67, p < 0.001) and %AS (AUC = 0.59, 95% CI 0.51-0.67, p < 0.001) by 2D-QCA. However, in vessels with 50-70% stenoses, AUC of angio-FFR was significantly higher than those of %DS (0.80 vs. 0.47, p < 0.001) and %AS (0.80 vs. 0.46, p < 0.001) by 3D-QCA and %DS (0.80 vs. 0.66, p = 0.036) and %AS (0.80 vs. 0.66, p = 0.034) by 2D-QCA. CONCLUSION Angio-FFR had a high accuracy in predicting myocardial ischemia assessed by CZT-SPECT, which is similar as 3D-QCA but significantly higher than 2D-QCA. While in intermediate lesions, angio-FFR is better than 3D-QCA and 2D-QCA in assessing myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Neng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - BuChun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haidong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Huo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdie Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongji Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jianying Shen
- Cardiology Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Mengyun Zhu
- Cardiology Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Cardiology Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Smit JM, El Mahdiui M, de Graaf MA, Montero-Cabezas JM, Reiber JHC, Jukema JW, Scholte AJ, Knuuti J, Wijns W, Narula J, Bax JJ. Relation Between Coronary Plaque Composition Assessed by Intravascular Ultrasound Virtual Histology and Myocardial Ischemia Assessed by Quantitative Flow Ratio. Am J Cardiol 2023; 186:228-235. [PMID: 36333150 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronary plaque composition may play an important role in the induction of myocardial ischemia. Our objective was to further clarify the relation between coronary plaque composition and myocardial ischemia in patients with chest pain symptoms. The study population consisted of 103 patients who presented to the outpatient clinic or emergency department with chest pain symptoms and were referred for diagnostic invasive coronary angiography. Intravascular ultrasound virtual histology was used for the assessment of coronary plaque composition. A noncalcified plaque was defined as a combination of necrotic core and fibrofatty tissue. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR), which is a coronary angiography-based technique used to calculate fractional flow reserve without the need for hyperemia induction or for a pressure wire, was used as the reference standard for the evaluation of myocardial ischemia. Coronary artery plaques with QFR of ≤0.80 were considered abnormal-that is, ischemia-generating. In total, 149 coronary plaques were analyzed, 21 of which (14%) were considered abnormal according to QFR. The percentage of noncalcified tissue was significantly higher in plaques with abnormal QFR (38.2 ± 6.5% vs 33.1 ± 9.0%, p = 0.014). After univariable analysis, both plaque load (odds ratio [OR] per 1% increase 1.081, p <0.001) and the percentage of noncalcified tissue (OR per 1% increase 1.070, p = 0.020) were significantly associated with reduced QFR. However, after multivariable analysis, only plaque load remained significantly associated with abnormal QFR (OR per 1% increase 1.072, p <0.001). In conclusion, the noncalcified plaque area was significantly higher in hemodynamically significant coronary lesions than in nonsignificant lesions. Although an increase in the noncalcified plaque area was significantly associated with a reduced QFR, this association lost significance after adjustment for localized plaque load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M Smit
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammed El Mahdiui
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel A de Graaf
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johan H C Reiber
- Medis Medical Imaging, Leiden, The Netherlands; Departments of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur J Scholte
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - William Wijns
- Lambe Institute for Translational Medicine and Curam, National University of Ireland Galway and Saolta University Healthcare Group, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jagat Narula
- Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Departments of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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Estrada A, Sousa AS, Mesquita CT, Villacorta H. Coronary Tortuosity as a New Phenotype for Ischemia without Coronary Artery Disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:883-890. [PMID: 36169451 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary arteries tend to be more tortuous than other arteries and follow the repeated flexion and relaxation movements that occur during the cardiac cycle. Coronary tortuosity (CorT) leads to changes in coronary flow with a reduction in distal perfusion pressure, which could cause myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between CorT and myocardial ischemia. METHODS Between January 2015 and December 2017, 57 patients with angina and nonobstructive coronary artery disease detected by invasive coronary angiography (ICA) were retrospectively enrolled. Angiographic variables were analyzed to assess the presence and degree of tortuosity and correlated with their respective vascular territories on stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). CorT was defined as coronary arteries with three or more bend angles ≤90°, measured during diastole. Statistical significance was determined at the 5% level. RESULTS A total of 17 men and 40 women were enrolled (mean age 58.3 years). CorT was observed in 16 patients (28%) and in 24 of 171 arteries. There was a significant association between CorT and ischemia when analyzed per artery (p<0.0001). The angiographic factor most associated with ischemia was the number of bend angles in an epicardial artery measured at systole (p=0.021). CONCLUSION This study showed an association of CorT and myocardial ischemia in patients with unobstructed coronary arteries and angina. An increased number of coronary bend angles measured by angiography during systole was related to ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Estrada
- Universidade Federal Fluminense Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro , Niterói , RJ - Brasil
| | - André Silveira Sousa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro , Niterói , RJ - Brasil.,Hospital Pró-Cardíaco , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Claudio Tinoco Mesquita
- Universidade Federal Fluminense Faculdade de Medicina - Departamento de Radiologia , Niterói , RJ - Brasil
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Ye Z, Chen Q, Zhong J, Chen L, Chen L, Ye M, Yan Y, Chen L, Luo Y. Impact of diabetes on coronary physiology evaluated by quantitative flow ratio in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1203-1212. [PMID: 35199479 PMCID: PMC9248432 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction There are mixed opinions on the influence of diabetes on the prognosis of patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, in this study, the quantitative flow ratio (QFR), an emerging technology of functional evaluation, was used to explore the impact of diabetes on coronary physiology in patients who underwent PCI. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent successful PCI and a 1‐year angiographic follow up were retrospectively screened and analyzed by the QFR. Based on the presence or absence of diabetes, 677 enrolled patients (794 vessels) were classified into a diabetes group (211 patients, 261 vessels) and a non‐diabetes group (466 patients, 533 vessels). The results of QFR analysis and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The two groups reached a similar level of post‐PCI QFR (0.95 ± 0.09 vs 0.96 ± 0.06, P = 0.292). However, at the 1‐year follow up, the QFR was lower (0.93 ± 0.11 vs 0.96 ± 0.07, P < 0.001), and the degree of QFR decline was more obvious (−0.024 ± 0.090 vs −0.008 ± 0.070, P = 0.023) in the diabetes group. Additionally, diabetes was independently associated with functional restenosis (odds ratio 2.164, 95% confidence interval 1.210–3.870, P = 0.009) and target vessel failure (odds ratio 2.654, 95% confidence interval 1.405–5.012, P = 0.003). Conclusion As evaluated by the QFR, patients with diabetes received less coronary physiological benefit from PCI, which was consistent with their clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Mingfang Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Yuanming Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Lianglong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xin Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.,Fujian Heart Medical Center, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
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Dettori R, Frick M, Burgmaier K, Lubberich RK, Hellmich M, Marx N, Reith S, Burgmaier M, Milzi A. Quantitative Flow Ratio Is Associated with Extent and Severity of Ischemia in Non-Culprit Lesions of Patients with Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194535. [PMID: 34640551 PMCID: PMC8509261 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel method to assess the relevance of coronary stenoses based only on angiographic projections. We could previously show that QFR is able to predict the hemodynamic relevance of non-culprit lesions in patients with myocardial infarction. However, it is still unclear whether QFR is also associated with the extent and severity of ischemia, which can effectively be assessed with imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Thus, our aim was to evaluate the associations of QFR with both extent and severity of ischemia. We retrospectively determined QFR in 182 non-culprit coronary lesions from 145 patients with previous myocardial infarction, and compared it with parameters assessing extent and severity of myocardial ischemia in staged CMR. Whereas ischemic burden in lesions with QFR > 0.80 was low (1.3 ± 5.5% in lesions with QFR ≥ 0.90; 1.8 ± 7.3% in lesions with QFR 0.81–0.89), there was a significant increase in ischemic burden in lesions with QFR ≤ 0.80 (16.6 ± 15.6%; p < 0.001 for QFR ≥ 0.90 vs. QFR ≤ 0.80). These data could be confirmed by other parameters assessing extent of ischemia. In addition, QFR was also associated with severity of ischemia, assessed by the relative signal intensity of ischemic areas. Finally, QFR predicts a clinically relevant ischemic burden ≥ 10% with good diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.779, 95%-CI: 0.666–0.892, p < 0.001). QFR may be a feasible tool to identify not only the presence, but also extent and severity of myocardial ischemia in non-culprit lesions of patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Dettori
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Frick
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Kathrin Burgmaier
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Richard Karl Lubberich
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (IMSB), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Sebastian Reith
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Mathias Burgmaier
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Andrea Milzi
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, D-52070 Aachen, Germany; (R.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.L.); (N.M.); (S.R.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Smit JM, Koning G, van Rosendael AR, El Mahdiui M, Mertens BJ, Schalij MJ, Jukema JW, Delgado V, Reiber JHC, Bax JJ, Scholte AJ. Referral of patients for fractional flow reserve using quantitative flow ratio. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 20:1231-1238. [PMID: 30535361 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a recently developed technique to calculate fractional flow reserve (FFR) based on 3D quantitative coronary angiography and computational fluid dynamics, obviating the need for a pressure-wire and hyperaemia induction. QFR might be used to guide patient selection for FFR and subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) referral in hospitals not capable to perform FFR and PCI. We aimed to investigate the feasibility to use QFR to appropriately select patients for FFR referral. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography in a hospital where FFR and PCI could not be performed and were referred to our hospital for invasive FFR measurement, were included. Angiogram images from the referring hospitals were retrospectively collected for QFR analysis. Based on QFR cut-off values of 0.77 and 0.86, our patient cohort was reclassified to 'no referral' (QFR ≥0.86), referral for 'FFR' (QFR 0.78-0.85), or 'direct PCI' (QFR ≤0.77). In total, 290 patients were included. Overall accuracy of QFR to detect an invasive FFR of ≤0.80 was 86%. Based on a QFR cut-off value of 0.86, a 50% reduction in patient referral for FFR could be obtained, while only 5% of these patients had an invasive FFR of ≤0.80 (thus, these patients were incorrectly reclassified to the 'no referral' group). Furthermore, 22% of the patients that still need to be referred could undergo direct PCI, based on a QFR cut-off value of 0.77. CONCLUSION QFR is feasible to use for the selection of patients for FFR referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M Smit
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Koning
- Medis Medical Imaging Systems B.V., Schuttersveld 9, XG Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander R van Rosendael
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammed El Mahdiui
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J Mertens
- Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Schalij
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan H C Reiber
- Medis Medical Imaging Systems B.V., Schuttersveld 9, XG Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur J Scholte
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Westra J, Tu S. Overview of Quantitative Flow Ratio and Optical Flow Ratio in the Assessment of Intermediate Coronary Lesions. US CARDIOLOGY REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.15420/usc.2020.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improves clinical outcome compared with angiography-guided PCI. Advances in computational technology have resulted in the development of solutions, enabling fast derivation of FFR from imaging data in the catheterization laboratory. The quantitative flow ratio is currently the most validated approach to derive FFR from invasive coronary angiography, while the optical flow ratio allows faster and more automation in FFR computation from intracoronary optical coherence tomography. The use of quantitative flow ratio and optical flow ratio has the potential for swift and safe identification of lesions that require revascularization, optimization of PCI, evaluation of plaque features, and virtual planning of PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer Westra
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Shengxian Tu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Lenk K, Schwarzbach V, Antoniadis M, Blum M, Zeynalova S, Hagendorff A, Leistner D, Landmesser U, Lavall D, Laufs U. Angiography-based quantitative coronary contrast-flow ratio measurements correlate with myocardial ischemia assessed by stress MRI. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:1407-1416. [PMID: 32367188 PMCID: PMC7381441 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-01855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) is a new technology for quantitative evaluation of coronary stenosis using computational fluid dynamics based on angiograms. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of cQFR to detect myocardial ischemia using stress magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a reference standard. Patients who received stress MRI and coronary angiography were selected from the hospital database. Relevant ischemia on stress MRI was defined as a perfusion deficit in ≥ 2 of 16 segments. cQFR was quantitated based on 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography using QAngio XA3D1.1 software by two blinded and independent investigators. A cQFR of ≤ 0.80 was considered abnormal. Among 87 patients 230 vessels met the criteria for full analysis by cQFR (88%). In vascular territories with a significant perfusion deficit, cQFR was significantly lower compared to areas with normal perfusion (0.72 (0.62-0.78) vs. 0.96 (0.89-0.99); p < 0.001). The sensitivity of cQFR in detecting significant epicardial stenoses of coronary vessels with documented ischemia in stress MRI was 81% (68-90%), the specificity was 88% (82-92%). Diameter stenoses (DS) and area stenoses (AS) in vessels with positive stress MRI were significantly higher than in vessels without ischemia (DS 59.1% (49.4-68.4%) vs. 34.8% (27.1-46.1%) p < 0.001; AS 75.6% (63.0-85.2%) vs. 45.0% (30.8-63.6%), p < 0.001). The analysis reveals a high correlation between coronary stenosis measured by cQFR and ischemic areas detected by stress MRI. The data set the stage to plan randomized studies assessing cQFR measurements with regard to clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Lenk
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Valentin Schwarzbach
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marios Antoniadis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samira Zeynalova
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hagendorff
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Leistner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lavall
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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11
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Diagnostic performance of angiography-based quantitative flow ratio for the identification of myocardial ischemia as assessed by 13N-ammonia myocardial perfusion imaging positron emission tomography. Int J Cardiol 2020; 314:13-19. [PMID: 32353492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel, adenosine-free method for functional lesion interrogation based on 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography and computational algorithms. We sought to investigate the diagnostic performance of QFR versus myocardial perfusion imaging positron emission tomography (MPI-PET), which yields the highest accuracy for detection of myocardial ischemia. METHODS Diagnostic performance of QFR versus MPI-PET was assessed in consecutive patients undergoing both clinically indicated coronary angiography and 13N-ammonia MPI-PET within a six-month period. RESULTS Out of 176 patients (439 coronary arteries), 19.3% were women. Percent area stenosis was 45 [32-58] %. Myocardial ischemia on 13N-ammonia MPI-PET was detected in 106 (24.1%) vessel territories and hemodynamic significance defined as contrast-flow vessel QFR ≤ 0.80 was observed in 83 (18.9%) vessels. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of contrast-flow vessel QFR for the prediction of myocardial ischemia on 13N-ammonia MPI-PET were 92.5 (95% CI 89.6-94.7) %, 73.6 (95% CI 64.1-81.7) %, and 98.5 (95% CI 96.5-99.5) %, respectively. The AUCs for contrast-flow vessel QFR, percent diameter stenosis, and percent area stenosis were 0.85 (95% CI 0.81-0.88, p < 0.001), 0.76 (95% CI 0.71-0.79, p < 0.001) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.70-0.79, p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS QFR, a novel diagnostic tool for functional coronary lesion assessment, provides good diagnostic agreement with MPI-PET and superior diagnostic accuracy for the detection of myocardial ischemia as compared to anatomic indices. Future studies will have to determine the non-inferiority of QFR to fractional flow reserve with respect to clinical outcomes.
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12
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Cortés C, Carrasco‐Moraleja M, Aparisi A, Rodriguez‐Gabella T, Campo A, Gutiérrez H, Julca F, Gómez I, San Román JA, Amat‐Santos IJ. Quantitative flow ratio—Meta‐analysis and systematic review. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 97:807-814. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cortés
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
- Department of Cardiology Hospital San Pedro de Logroño Logroño Spain
| | | | - Alvaro Aparisi
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | | | - Alberto Campo
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Hipolito Gutiérrez
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Fabián Julca
- Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Itziar Gómez
- CIRBERCV Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid Valladolid Spain
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13
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Sejr-Hansen M, Westra J, Winther S, Tu S, Nissen L, Gormsen L, Petersen SE, Ejlersen J, Isaksen C, Bøtker HE, Bøttcher M, Christiansen EH, Holm NR. Comparison of quantitative flow ratio and fractional flow reserve with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and cardiovascular magnetic resonance as reference standard. A Dan-NICAD substudy. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:395-402. [PMID: 31745744 PMCID: PMC7080669 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-019-01737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) have not yet been compared head to head with perfusion imaging as reference for myocardial ischemia. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of QFR and FFR with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) or cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) as reference. This study is a predefined post hoc analysis of the Dan-NICAD study (NCT02264717). Patients with suspected coronary artery disease by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were randomized 1:1 to MPS or CMR and were referred to invasive coronary angiography with FFR and predefined QFR assessment. Paired data with FFR, QFR and MPS or CMR were available for 232 vessels with stenosis in 176 patients. Perfusion defects were detected in 57 vessel territories (25%). For QFR and FFR the diagnostic accuracy was 61% and 57% (p = 0.18) and area under the receiver operating curve was 0.64 vs. 0.58 (p = 0.22). Stenoses with absolute indication for stenting due to diameter stenosis > 90% by visual estimate were not classified as significant by either QFR or MPS/CMR in 21% (7 of 34) of cases. The diagnostic performance of QFR and FFR was similar but modest with MPS or CMR as reference. Comparable performance levels for QFR and FFR are encouraging for this pressure wire-free diagnostic method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelmer Westra
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus, Denmark.
| | - Simon Winther
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus, Denmark
| | - Shengxian Tu
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Louise Nissen
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Unit West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Lars Gormsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus, Denmark
| | - Steffen E Petersen
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - June Ejlersen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Unit West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Christin Isaksen
- Department of Radiology, Regional Hospital of Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus, Denmark
| | - Morten Bøttcher
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Unit West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
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14
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Kanno Y, Hoshino M, Hamaya R, Sugiyama T, Kanaji Y, Usui E, Yamaguchi M, Hada M, Ohya H, Sumino Y, Hirano H, Yuki H, Horie T, Murai T, Lee T, Yonetsu T, Kakuta T. Functional classification discordance in intermediate coronary stenoses between fractional flow reserve and angiography-based quantitative flow ratio. Open Heart 2020; 7:e001179. [PMID: 32076563 PMCID: PMC6999689 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Measurement of the contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) is a novel method for rapid computational estimation of fractional flow reserve (FFR). Discordance between FFR and cQFR has not been completely characterised. Methods We performed a post-hoc analysis of 504 vessels with angiographically intermediate stenosis in 504 patients who underwent measurement of FFR, coronary flow reserve (CFR), the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and Duke jeopardy score. Results In total, 396 (78.6%) and 108 (21.4%) lesions showed concordant and discordant FFR and cQFR functional classifications, respectively. Among lesions with a reduced FFR (FFR+), those with a preserved cQFR (cQFR-) showed significantly lower IMR, shorter mean transit time (Tmn), shorter lesion length (all, p<0.01) and similar CFR and Duke jeopardy scores compared with lesions showing a reduced cQFR (cQFR+). Furthermore, lesions with FFR+ and cQFR- had significantly lower IMR and shorter Tmn compared with lesions showing a preserved FFR (FFR-) and cQFR+. Of note, in cQFR+ lesions, higher IMR lesions were associated with decreased diagnostic accuracy (high-IMR; 63.0% and low-IMR; 75.8%, p<0.01). In contrast, in cQFR- lesions, lower IMR lesions was associated with decreased diagnostic accuracy (high-IMR group; 96.8% and low-IMR group; 80.0%, p<0.01). Notably, in total, 31 territories (6.2%; 'jump out' group) had an FFR above the upper limit of the grey zone (>0.80) and a cQFR below the lower limit (≤0.75). In contrast, five territories (1.0%; 'jump in' group) exhibited opposite results (FFR of ≤0.75 and cQFR of >0.80). The 'jump out' territories showed significantly higher IMR values than 'jump in' territories (p<0.01). Conclusions FFR- with cQFR+ is associated with increased microvascular resistance, and FFR+ with cQFR- showed preservation of microvascular function with high coronary flow. Microvascular function affected diagnostic performance of cQFR in relation to functional stenosis significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kanno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoshino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Rikuta Hamaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Sugiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kanaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Eisuke Usui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Masao Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Yohei Sumino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Haruhito Yuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Tomoki Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Tadashi Murai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
| | - Tetsumin Lee
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishi Yonetsu
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Kakuta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital, Tsuchiura, Japan
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15
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Smit JM, El Mahdiui M, van Rosendael AR, Jukema JW, Koning G, Reiber JHC, Bax JJ, Scholte AJ. Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of Quantitative Flow Ratio in Patients With Versus Without Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Cardiol 2019; 123:1722-1728. [PMID: 30853082 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel technique to calculate fractional flow reserve (FFR), without hyperemia induction or a pressure wire, and has not yet been validated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), who are at increased risk of coronary microvascular dysfunction. The purpose of our study was to compare the diagnostic performance of QFR in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography and subsequent invasive FFR measurement within 6 months were included. QFR was determined in all coronary arteries in which invasive FFR was performed, using a dedicated software package. Diagnostic accuracy and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) were determined for QFR, using an invasive FFR cut-off value of ≤0.80 as the reference standard. In total, 320 coronary arteries from 66 (25%) diabetic and 193 (75%) nondiabetic patients were analyzed. On a vessel-based analysis, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity showed no significant difference between diabetic and nondiabetic patients: 88% versus 85% (p = 0.47), 71% versus 69% (p = 0.72), and 95% versus 91% (p = 0.24). Moreover, the AUC was not significantly different between patients with and without DM, 0.91 versus 0.93 (p = 0.74). The per-vessel AUC was significantly higher for QFR compared with percent diameter stenosis in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, 0.91 versus 0.76 (p <0.05) and 0.93 versus 0.77 (p <0.001), respectively. In conclusion, we showed a good diagnostic performance of QFR which was independent of the presence of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M Smit
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammed El Mahdiui
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Koning
- Medis Medical Imaging Systems B.V., Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johan H C Reiber
- Medis Medical Imaging Systems B.V., Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Arthur J Scholte
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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16
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Stähli BE, Erbay A, Steiner J, Klotsche J, Mochmann HC, Skurk C, Lauten A, Landmesser U, Leistner DM. Comparison of resting distal to aortic coronary pressure with angiography-based quantitative flow ratio. Int J Cardiol 2018; 279:12-17. [PMID: 30545620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel, adenosine-free method for functional coronary lesion interrogation, which is based on 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography and computational algorithms. Data on QFR in all-comer patients with intermediate coronary lesions are scarce, and the diagnostic performance in comparison to resting distal to aortic coronary pressure (Pd/Pa) ratio unknown. METHODS A total of 436 patients with 516 vessels undergoing FFR measurements were included in the analysis. Diagnostic performance of QFR, distal to aortic coronary pressure (Pd/Pa) ratio, and anatomic indices versus FFR was assessed. RESULTS FFR ≤0.80 was measured in 19.4% of interrogated vessels. QFR significantly correlated with FFR (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) with good agreement between QFR and FFR (mean difference 0.011, 95% CI 0.008-0.015). The AUC for an FFR ≤0.80 was 0.86 (95% CI 0.83-0.89, p < 0.001) for QFR, 0.76 (0.72-0.80, p < 0.001) for resting Pd/Pa ratio, and 0.63 (0.59-0.67, p < 0.001) for diameter stenosis. The diagnostic accuracy for identifying an FFR ≤0.80 was 93.4% for QFR, 84.3% for resting Pd/Pa ratio, and 80.4% for diameter stenosis. CONCLUSIONS QFR provides a novel diagnostic tool for functional coronary lesion assessment with superior diagnostic accuracy as compared with resting Pd/Pa ratio and anatomic indices. Future studies are needed to determine the non-inferiority of QFR analysis to FFR assessment with respect to clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara E Stähli
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aslihan Erbay
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Steiner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Klotsche
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Epidemiology and Health Care Economics, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Mochmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Skurk
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Lauten
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - David M Leistner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin - University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Chang Y, Chen L, Westra J, Sun Z, Guan C, Zhang Y, Ding D, Xu B, Tu S. Reproducibility of quantitative flow ratio: An inter-core laboratory variability study. Cardiol J 2018; 27:230-237. [PMID: 30234896 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2018.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel approach to derive fractional flow reserve (FFR) from coronary angiography. This study sought to evaluate the reproducibility of QFR when analyzed in independent core laboratories. METHODS All interrogated vessels in the FAVOR II China Study were separately analyzed using the AngioPlus system (Pulse medical imaging technology, Shanghai) by two independent core laboratories, following the same standard operation procedures. The analysts were blinded to the FFR values and online QFR values. For each interrogated vessel, two identical angiographic image runs were used by two core laboratories for QFR computation. In both core laboratories QFR was successfully obtained in 330 of 332 vessels, in which FFR was available in 328 vessels. Thus, 328 vessels ended in the present statistical analysis. RESULTS The mean difference in contrast-flow QFR between the two core laboratories was 0.004 ± 0.03 (p = 0.040), which was slightly smaller than that between the online analysis and the two core laboratories (0.01 ± 0.05, p < 0.001 and 0.01 ± 0.05, p = 0.038). The mean difference of QFR with re-spect to FFR were comparable between the two core laboratories (0.002 ± 0.06, p = 0.609, and 0.002 ± 0.06, p = 0.531). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that diagnostic accuracies of QFR analyzed by the two core laboratories were both excellent (area under the curve: 0.970 vs. 0.963, p = 0.142), when using FFR as the reference standard. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed good inter-core laboratory reproducibility of QFR in assessing functionally-significant stenosis. It suggests that QFR analyses can be carried out in different core labo-ratories if, and only if, highly standardized conditions are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Chang
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shin Kong Memorial Wu Ho-Su Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jelmer Westra
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changdong Guan
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daixin Ding
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengxian Tu
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Xu B, Tu S, Qiao S, Qu X, Chen Y, Yang J, Guo L, Sun Z, Li Z, Tian F, Fang W, Chen J, Li W, Guan C, Holm NR, Wijns W, Hu S. Diagnostic Accuracy of Angiography-Based Quantitative Flow Ratio Measurements for Online Assessment of Coronary Stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:3077-3087. [PMID: 29101020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel angiography-based method for deriving fractional flow reserve (FFR) without pressure wire or induction of hyperemia. The accuracy of QFR when assessed online in the catheterization laboratory has not been adequately examined to date. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of QFR for the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis defined by FFR ≤0.80. METHODS This prospective, multicenter trial enrolled patients who had at least 1 lesion with a diameter stenosis of 30% to 90% and a reference diameter ≥2 mm according to visual estimation. QFR, quantitative coronary angiography (QCA), and wire-based FFR were assessed online in blinded fashion during coronary angiography and re-analyzed offline at an independent core laboratory. The primary endpoint was that QFR would improve the diagnostic accuracy of coronary angiography such that the lower boundary of the 2-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) of this estimate exceeded 75%. RESULTS Between June and July 2017, a total of 308 patients were consecutively enrolled at 5 centers. Online QFR and FFR results were both obtained in 328 of 332 interrogated vessels. Patient- and vessel-level diagnostic accuracy of QFR was 92.4% (95% CI: 88.9% to 95.1%) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.3% to 95.3%), respectively, both of which were significantly higher than the pre-specified target value (p < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity in identifying hemodynamically significant stenosis were significantly higher for QFR than for QCA (sensitivity: 94.6% vs. 62.5%; difference: 32.0% [p < 0.001]; specificity: 91.7% vs. 58.1%; difference: 36.1% [p < 0.001]). Positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for QFR were 85.5%, 97.1%, 11.4, and 0.06. Offline analysis also revealed that vessel-level QFR had a high diagnostic accuracy of 93.3% (95% CI: 90.0% to 95.7%). CONCLUSIONS The study met its prespecified primary performance goal for the level of diagnostic accuracy of QFR in identifying hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis. (The FAVOR [Functional Diagnostic Accuracy of Quantitative Flow Ratio in Online Assessment of Coronary Stenosis] II China study]; NCT03191708).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengxian Tu
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shubin Qiao
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkai Qu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lijun Guo
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehang Li
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Changdong Guan
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - William Wijns
- The Lambe Institute for Translational Medicine and Curam, National University of Ireland, Galway, and Saolta University Healthcare Group, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shengshou Hu
- Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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