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Fan S, Ponisio MR, Xiao P, Ha SM, Chakrabarty S, Lee JJ, Flores S, LaMontagne P, Gordon B, Raji CA, Marcus DS, Nazeri A, Ances BM, Bateman RJ, Morris JC, Benzinger TLS, Sotiras A, Atzen S. AmyloidPETNet: Classification of Amyloid Positivity in Brain PET Imaging Using End-to-End Deep Learning. Radiology 2024; 311:e231442. [PMID: 38860897 PMCID: PMC11211958 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.231442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Visual assessment of amyloid PET scans relies on the availability of radiologist expertise, whereas quantification of amyloid burden typically involves MRI for processing and analysis, which can be computationally expensive. Purpose To develop a deep learning model to classify minimally processed brain PET scans as amyloid positive or negative, evaluate its performance on independent data sets and different tracers, and compare it with human visual reads. Materials and Methods This retrospective study used 8476 PET scans (6722 patients) obtained from late 2004 to early 2023 that were analyzed across five different data sets. A deep learning model, AmyloidPETNet, was trained on 1538 scans from 766 patients, validated on 205 scans from 95 patients, and internally tested on 184 scans from 95 patients in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) fluorine 18 (18F) florbetapir (FBP) data set. It was tested on ADNI scans using different tracers and scans from independent data sets. Scan amyloid positivity was based on mean cortical standardized uptake value ratio cutoffs. To compare with model performance, each scan from both the Centiloid Project and a subset of the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) study were visually interpreted with a confidence level (low, intermediate, high) of amyloid positivity/negativity. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and other performance metrics were calculated, and Cohen κ was used to measure physician-model agreement. Results The model achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95, 0.99) on test ADNI 18F-FBP scans, which generalized well to 18F-FBP scans from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (AUC, 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.97) and the A4 study (AUC, 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98, 0.98). Model performance was high when applied to data sets with different tracers (AUC ≥ 0.97). Other performance metrics provided converging evidence. Physician-model agreement ranged from fair (Cohen κ = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.60) on a sample of mostly equivocal cases from the A4 study to almost perfect (Cohen κ = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.0) on the Centiloid Project. Conclusion The developed model was capable of automatically and accurately classifying brain PET scans as amyloid positive or negative without relying on experienced readers or requiring structural MRI. Clinical trial registration no. NCT00106899 © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Bryan and Forghani in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Fan
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Maria Rosana Ponisio
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Pan Xiao
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Sung Min Ha
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Satrajit Chakrabarty
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - John J. Lee
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Shaney Flores
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Pamela LaMontagne
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Brian Gordon
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Cyrus A. Raji
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Daniel S. Marcus
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Arash Nazeri
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Beau M. Ances
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - John C. Morris
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Tammie L. S. Benzinger
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | - Aristeidis Sotiras
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
| | | | - Sarah Atzen
- From the Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Tex
(S. Fan); Department of Radiology (S. Fan, M.R.P., P.X., S.M.H., J.J.L., S.
Flores, P.L., B.G., C.A.R., D.S.M., A.N., T.L.S.B., A.S.), Charles F. and Joanne
Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (B.G., B.M.A., R.B., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.),
Department of Neurology (C.A.R., B.M.A., R.J.B., J.C.M.), and Institute for
Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (A.S.), Washington University School
of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8132, St Louis, MO 63110; Duke-NUS
Medical School, Singapore (S. Fan); Department of Electrical and Systems
Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Mo (S.C., A.S.); Brain
Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre
for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.N.); and Tracy Family SILQ
Center for Neurodegenerative Biology, St Louis, Mo (R.J.B.)
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6
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Tian M, Zuo C, Civelek AC, Carrio I, Watanabe Y, Kang KW, Murakami K, Garibotto V, Prior JO, Barthel H, Guan Y, Lu J, Zhou R, Jin C, Wu S, Zhang X, Zhong Y, Zhang H. International Nuclear Medicine Consensus on the Clinical Use of Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in Alzheimer's Disease. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:375-389. [PMID: 37589025 PMCID: PMC10425321 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia, with its diagnosis and management remaining challenging. Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) has become increasingly important in medical practice for patients with AD. To integrate and update previous guidelines in the field, a task group of experts of several disciplines from multiple countries was assembled, and they revised and approved the content related to the application of amyloid PET in the medical settings of cognitively impaired individuals, focusing on clinical scenarios, patient preparation, administered activities, as well as image acquisition, processing, interpretation and reporting. In addition, expert opinions, practices, and protocols of prominent research institutions performing research on amyloid PET of dementia are integrated. With the increasing availability of amyloid PET imaging, a complete and standard pipeline for the entire examination process is essential for clinical practice. This international consensus and practice guideline will help to promote proper clinical use of amyloid PET imaging in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tian
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200235 China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Chuantao Zuo
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200235 China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Ali Cahid Civelek
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, 21287 USA
| | - Ignasi Carrio
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08025 Spain
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8431 Japan
| | - Valentina Garibotto
- Diagnostic Department, University Hospitals of Geneva and NIMTlab, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - John O. Prior
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, 04103 Germany
| | - Yihui Guan
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200235 China
| | - Jiaying Lu
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200235 China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- The College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007 China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007 China
| | - Molecular Imaging-Based Precision Medicine Task Group of A3 (China-Japan-Korea) Foresight Program
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200235 China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, 21287 USA
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08025 Spain
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047 Japan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Korea
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, 113-8431 Japan
- Diagnostic Department, University Hospitals of Geneva and NIMTlab, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, 04103 Germany
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009 China
- The College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007 China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310007 China
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