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Bryan JN. Updates in Osteosarcoma. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024; 54:523-539. [PMID: 38158305 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Clinical care of osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs has seen little change during the past 2 decades, relying on amputation and platinum-based chemotherapy for pain control and survival. Recent advancements offer hope for improved outcomes. Genomic research reveals shared genetic abnormalities between canine and human OSA. Multidimensional imaging provides valuable staging and prognostic information. Limb-sparing approaches including stereotactic body radiation therapy are routine. Ablative therapies such as microwave ablation and histotripsy show promise. Immunotherapy including cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibition are available. Radiopharmaceuticals are tuned to target OSA cells directly. These innovations may enhance treatment and prognosis for dogs with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey N Bryan
- Comparative Oncology Radiobiology and Epigenetics Laboratory, University of Missouri Columbia, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Liatsou I, Fu Y, Li Z, Hasan M, Guo X, Yu J, Piccolo J, Cartee A, Wang H, Du Y, Bryan J, Gabrielson K, Kraitchman DL, Sgouros G. Therapeutic efficacy of an alpha-particle emitter labeled anti-GD2 humanized antibody against osteosarcoma-a proof of concept study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1409-1420. [PMID: 38108831 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current treatments for osteosarcoma (OS) have a poor prognosis, particularly for patients with metastasis and recurrence, underscoring an urgent need for new targeted therapies to improve survival. Targeted alpha-particle therapy selectively delivers cytotoxic payloads to tumors with radiolabeled molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens. We have recently demonstrated the potential of an FDA approved, humanized anti-GD2 antibody, hu3F8, as a targeted delivery vector for radiopharmaceutical imaging of OS. The current study aims to advance this system for alpha-particle therapy of OS. METHODS The hu3F8 antibody was radiolabeled with actinium-225, and the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-hu3F8 were evaluated in both orthotopic murine xenografts of OS and spontaneously occurring OS in canines. RESULTS Significant antitumor activity was proven in both cases, leading to improved overall survival. In the murine xenograft's case, tumor growth was delayed by 16-18 days compared to the untreated cohort as demonstrated by bioluminescence imaging. The results were further validated with magnetic resonance imaging at 33 days after treatment, and microcomputed tomography and planar microradiography post-mortem. Histological evaluations revealed radiation-induced renal toxicity, manifested as epithelial cell karyomegaly and suggestive polyploidy in the kidneys, suggesting rapid recovery of renal function after radiation damage. Treatment of the two canine patients delayed the progression of metastatic spread, with an overall survival time of 211 and 437 days and survival beyond documented metastasis of 111 and 84 days, respectively. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential of hu3F8-based alpha-particle therapy as a promising treatment strategy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Liatsou
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yingli Fu
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahmud Hasan
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Piccolo
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allison Cartee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yong Du
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kathleen Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dara L Kraitchman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George Sgouros
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Vanhaezebrouck IF, Scarpelli ML. Companion Animals as a Key to Success for Translating Radiation Therapy Research into the Clinic. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3377. [PMID: 37444487 PMCID: PMC10341092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many successful preclinical findings fail to be replicated during translation to human studies. This leads to significant resources being spent on large clinical trials, and in some cases, promising therapeutics not being pursued due to the high costs of clinical translation. These translational failures emphasize the need for improved preclinical models of human cancer so that there is a higher probability of successful clinical translation. Companion-animal cancers offer a potential solution. These cancers are more similar to human cancer than other preclinical models, with a natural evolution over time, genetic alterations, intact immune system, and a permanent adaptation to the microenvironment. These advantages have led pioneers in veterinary radiation oncology to aid human medicine by elucidating basic principles of radiation biology. More recently, the veterinary and human radiation oncology fields have increasingly collaborated to achieve advancements in education, radiotherapy techniques, and trial networks. This review describes these advancements, including significant prior research findings and the evolution of the veterinary radiation oncology discipline. It concludes by describing how companion-animal models can help shape the future of human radiotherapy. Taken as a whole, this review suggests companion-animal cancers may become widely used for preclinical radiotherapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew L. Scarpelli
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 W Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
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