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Mujitaba MA, Tokár A, Balogh EE, Debnár VJ, Javkhlan A, Vásárhelyi PB, Egerszegi I, Nagy ST, Kútvölgyi G. In Vitro Gene Conservation Status and the Quality of the Genetic Resources of Native Hungarian Sheep Breeds. Vet Sci 2024; 11:337. [PMID: 39195791 PMCID: PMC11360158 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11080337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies revealed a global loss of genetic resources for local sheep breeds. Therefore, the current study aimed to introduce and highlight the progress made on Hungary's existing gene conservation program (small Gene Bank). Furthermore, we evaluated breed (Tsigai, Cikta, and Racka), season, and individual variabilities (n = 24) of the pre-freeze and post-thaw semen stored in the Gene Bank to enhance the gene conservation of the breeds. The samples were cryopreserved manually, and post-thaw spermatozoa were analyzed for motility (CASA), viability, chromatin structure, and morphometry of the sperm nuclei. Ejaculate volume, spermatozoa concentration, subjective motility and standard motility, kinematic parameters, and spermatozoa's head area standard deviation of the post-thaw samples differed significantly among breeds (p < 0.05). Season affected ejaculate volume, total spermatozoa number/ejaculate, STR, BCF, and ALH. We observed a significant (p < 0.001; 0.05) breed and season interaction on concentration, total spermatozoa number/ejaculate, VCL, LIN, WOB, spermatozoa's head average perimeter and nucleus length (Tsigai and Cikta differed but were statistically the same as Racka). Similarly, season significantly (p < 0.05) affected the proportion of ejaculate suitable for freezing. There was a significant (p < 0.05) difference in kinematic parameters and viability among the rams across the breeds. The spermatozoa's head morphometry of the Tsigai and Cikta breeds differed significantly (p < 0.05) among the rams. There were individual and breed differences in many spermatozoa quality parameters. The stored samples are of good quality, with more than 40% having intact membranes and low abnormal chromatin condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malam Abulbashar Mujitaba
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Tokár
- Department of Precision Livestock Farming and Animal Biotechnics, Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (A.T.); (E.E.B.); (V.J.D.); (G.K.)
- Festetics György Doctoral School, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Deák Ferenc Street 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
| | - Eszter Erika Balogh
- Department of Precision Livestock Farming and Animal Biotechnics, Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (A.T.); (E.E.B.); (V.J.D.); (G.K.)
| | - Viktória Johanna Debnár
- Department of Precision Livestock Farming and Animal Biotechnics, Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (A.T.); (E.E.B.); (V.J.D.); (G.K.)
| | - Ariuntungalag Javkhlan
- Festetics György Doctoral School, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Deák Ferenc Street 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
| | - Panka Boglárka Vásárhelyi
- Agricultural Engineering Master Student Programme, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - István Egerszegi
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, Institute of Animal Sciences Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Tamás Nagy
- Department of Precision Livestock Farming and Animal Biotechnics, Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Georgikon Campus, Deak F. u. 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Kútvölgyi
- Department of Precision Livestock Farming and Animal Biotechnics, Institute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (A.T.); (E.E.B.); (V.J.D.); (G.K.)
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Rezende PH, Costa DA, da Silva Paulo M, Dias G, Lupetti P, Lino-Neto J, Dallai R. Sperm morphology of Tingidae Laporte, 1833 (Miroidea: Cimicomorpha). Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1384-1397. [PMID: 38380818 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, we describe for the first time the sperm morphology of Tingidae (Heteroptera). They are small insects presenting lacy patterns on their pronotum and hemielytra and are exclusively phytophagous, with many economically important species. We studied five species of the tribe Tingini (Tinginae): Teleonemia scrupulosa, Vatiga illudens, Gargaphia lunulata, Leptopharsa sp., and Corythucha arcuata. Their spermiogenesis process is similar to other Heteroptera, with some differences in the formation of the centriole adjunct. This structure extends in the anteroposterior spermatid axis, flanking the nucleus, possibly contributing to nucleus remodeling and sperm elongation. The mature sperm of Tingidae is also similar to that of other Heteroptera, with features that corroborate the group's monophyly. Our data support previous results for their sister family, Miridae, which exhibits some characteristics exclusive to this taxon, not present in Tingidae or other Heteroptera. They also support the sister relationship of the genera Gargaphia and Leptopharsa and suggest closer relationship between Vatiga and Corythucha. Overall, this study sheds light on the sperm ultrastructure of Tingidae and provides information for understanding the evolution and diversity of Heteroptera. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The spermiogenesis process and mature sperm are similar to other Heteroptera The centriole adjunct is derived from a strip of a pericentriolar material extending from the centriole Tingidae and Miridae are distinguishable using sperm morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Rezende
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dayvson Ayala Costa
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauricio da Silva Paulo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pietro Lupetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Toscana, Italy
| | - José Lino-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Romano Dallai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Toscana, Italy
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Paulo MDS, Rezende PH, Dias G, Lino-Neto J. Morphology of the male reproductive system and sperm of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852) (Heteroptera: Coreidae). Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1359-1372. [PMID: 38380559 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Taxonomic data on Coreidae have been fragmented over time and need to be revised. Likewise, data related to the development of germ cells and the features of the male reproductive system, including sperm, will contribute to understanding the biological mechanisms of reproduction and the systematics of its representatives. Aiming to provide these data, we describe the morphology of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa of Leptoglossus zonatus using light and transmission electron microscopies, respectively. Each of the two testes is surrounded by a bright red-pigmented sheath and formed by seven follicles arranged side by side. The two vasa deferentia are filled with individualized sperm, especially in their final portion, which is dilated and curved. After dilation, the vasa deferentia receive the ducts of the accessory glands of mesodermal origin. The other unpaired accessory gland is of ectodermal origin and opens into the ejaculatory duct. Both glandular types are densely coiled and have lumens filled with secreted material. Testicular follicles contain cysts with germ cells at different stages of spermatogenesis, indicating continuous production of gametes throughout adult life. Mature sperm measure around 310 μm long, with a nucleus of 36 μm and a flagellum formed only by an axoneme of 9 + 9 + 2 microtubules and two symmetrical mitochondrial derivatives. Like the sperm of other Heteroptera, the acrosome has a single structure (without perforatorium), there are no accessory bodies in the flagella, and the mitochondrial derivatives are connected to the axonemes, supporting the synapomorphic condition of these characteristics for this suborder of bedbugs. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The Leptoglossus zonatus sperm are slender and long, about 310 μm in length, and a nucleus 36 μm long. Spermatogenesis occurs throughout adult life and equally in the seven testicular follicles. The centriole adjunct in L. zonatus sperm does not give rise to accessory bodies. The ectodermal gland produces a filamentous secretion, whereas in the ectodermal sac, the secretion is globular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio da Silva Paulo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rezende
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glenda Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Lino-Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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McDiarmid CS, Hurley LL, Le Mesurier M, Blunsden AC, Griffith SC. The impact of diet quality on sperm velocity, morphology and normality in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:275326. [PMID: 35403680 PMCID: PMC9163447 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sperm traits can influence fertilisation success, but there is still much we do not understand about sperm condition dependence, that is, how much sperm traits depend on the male's energy acquisition and allocation. This is especially pronounced in avian taxa, despite extensive observational studies and sampling in wild populations. In this study we collected sperm samples before and after experimentally reducing diet quality of wild-derived captive zebra finches in small mixed-sex groups, which we compared to individuals on a control diet. We measured the length of sperm components (head, midpiece, flagellum and total sperm length), the proportion of sperm with normal morphology, the proportion of sperm that were progressively motile, and swimming velocity (curvilinear velocity; VCL). The only sperm trait we found to be impacted by reduced diet quality was a significant decrease in sperm midpiece length. This is consistent with emerging evidence in other non-model systems, as well the fact that diet can alter mitochondrial density and structure in other tissue types. There was also a significant decrease in sperm velocity and the proportion of motile sperm over the course of the experiment for both experimental groups (i.e. unrelated to diet). That in the control group experienced this decrease in sperm velocity was marked by no change in any sperm morphological measure highlights the existence of other important determinants of sperm velocity in passerine birds, likely including variation in other components of the seminal fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum S. McDiarmid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura L. Hurley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Madiline Le Mesurier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew C. Blunsden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon C. Griffith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Sperm Numbers as a Paternity Guard in a Wild Bird. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020231. [PMID: 35053349 PMCID: PMC8773506 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm competition is thought to impose strong selection on males to produce competitive ejaculates to outcompete rival males under competitive mating conditions. Our understanding of how different sperm traits influence fertilization success, however, remains limited, especially in wild populations. Recent literature highlights the importance of incorporating multiple ejaculate traits and pre-copulatory sexually selected traits in analyses aimed at understanding how selection acts on sperm traits. However, variation in a male’s ability to gain fertilization success may also depend upon a range of social and ecological factors that determine the opportunity for mating events both within and outside of the social pair-bond. Here, we test for an effect of sperm quantity and sperm size on male reproductive success in the red-back fairy-wren (Malurus melanocephalus) while simultaneously accounting for pre-copulatory sexual selection and potential socio-ecological correlates of male mating success. We found that sperm number (i.e., cloacal protuberance volume), but not sperm morphology, was associated with reproductive success in male red-backed fairy-wrens. Most notably, males with large numbers of sperm available for copulation achieved greater within-pair paternity success. Our results suggest that males use large sperm numbers as a defensive strategy to guard within-pair paternity success in a system where there is a high risk of sperm competition and female control of copulation. Finally, our work highlights the importance of accounting for socio-ecological factors that may influence male mating opportunities when examining the role of sperm traits in determining male reproductive success.
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