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Vital KD, Pires LO, Gallotti B, Silva JL, Lima de Jesus LC, Alvarez-Leite JI, Ferreira Ê, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Santos Martins F, Nascimento Cardoso V, Antunes Fernandes SO. Atorvastatin attenuates intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice by modulating the epithelial barrier and inflammatory response. J Chemother 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38711347 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2024.2345027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is a major side effect of cancer treatment. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme reductase inhibitors used to treat hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that atorvastatin (ATV) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and resulting from the regulation of different molecular pathways. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ATV on intestinal homeostasis in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis. Our results showed that ATV protected the intestinal mucosa from epithelial damage caused by 5-FU mainly due to inflammatory infiltrate and intestinal permeability reduction, downregulation of inflammatory markers, such as Tlr4, MyD88, NF-κB, Tnf-a, Il1β, and Il6 dose-dependent. ATV also improved epithelial barrier function by upregulating the mRNA transcript levels of mucin 2 (MUC2), and ZO-1 and occludin tight junction proteins. The results suggest that the ATV anti-inflammatory and protective effects on 5-FU-induced mice mucositis involve the inhibition of the TLR4/MYD88/NPRL3/NF-κB, iNos, and caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Duarte Vital
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Octavio Pires
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallotti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janayne Luihan Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ênio Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Santos Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Mao R, Yan H, Zhang Y, Ma H, Tang Y. Sprayable NAHAO® hydrogel alleviates pain and accelerates rat oral mucositis wound healing. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101301. [PMID: 36182076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the promote healing and analgesic effects of NAHAO® Brand Nazhen oral antibacterial care solution (NAHAO® spray) on the 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in rats. MATERIAL AND METHOD Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) group, NAHAO® spray group, and 1/3 concentration of NAHAO® spray group. 5-FU was injected intraperitoneally on the first and third days of the experimental model, and OM was induced using mechanical trauma on the third and fifth days. Wound healing quality was assessed by the appearance of mucosa and histological images on day6 and day10. Pain is measured by facial grooming behavior stimulated by capsaicin, the alternation of body weight and food intake was also recorded to reflect the OM pain. To examine the involvement of the cyclooxygenase pathway in the mechanism underlying oral mucositis, we detected the expression of cyclooxygenase2(COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) via immunohistochemical staining and determined the PGE2 concentrations in rats' serum during healing of oral mucositis. RESULTS NAHAO® spray attenuated pathological damage and reduced pain sensitivity effectively. COX-2 expression levels were inhibited in the NAHAO® spray-treated group. The concentration of PGE2 and the expression of MMP9 were inhibited in NAHAO®-treated rats. Compared with normal rats, the elevated rubbing time following capsaicin stimulation in the model was completely inhibited after being treated with NAHAO® spray. CONCLUSION NAHAO® spray alleviated OM-induced pain and promoted wound healing partly by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiying Yan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China; Institute of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing,210042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiyan Ma
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqun Tang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing,211198 Jiangsu, China.
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Huang J, Hwang AYM, Jia Y, Kim B, Iskandar M, Mohammed AI, Cirillo N. Experimental Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis: A Scoping Review Guiding the Design of Suitable Preclinical Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15434. [PMID: 36499758 PMCID: PMC9737148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucositis is a common and most debilitating complication associated with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. The condition affects the entire alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus and has a significant clinical and economic impact. Although oral and intestinal mucositis can occur concurrently in the same individual, these conditions are often studied independently using organ-specific models that do not mimic human disease. Hence, the purpose of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive yet systematic overview of the animal models that are utilised in the study of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. A search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases was conducted to identify all relevant studies. Multiple phases of filtering were conducted, including deduplication, title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction. Studies were reported according to the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. An inter-rater reliability test was conducted using Cohen's Kappa score. After title, abstract, and full-text screening, 251 articles met the inclusion criteria. Seven articles investigated both chemotherapy-induced intestinal and oral mucositis, 198 articles investigated chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, and 46 studies investigated chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Among a total of 205 articles on chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, 103 utilised 5-fluorouracil, 34 irinotecan, 16 platinum-based drugs, 33 methotrexate, and 32 other chemotherapeutic agents. Thirteen articles reported the use of a combination of 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, platinum-based drugs, or methotrexate to induce intestinal mucositis. Among a total of 53 articles on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, 50 utilised 5-fluorouracil, 2 irinotecan, 2 methotrexate, 1 topotecan and 1 with other chemotherapeutic drugs. Three articles used a combination of these drugs to induce oral mucositis. Various animal models such as mice, rats, hamsters, piglets, rabbits, and zebrafish were used. The chemotherapeutic agents were introduced at various dosages via three routes of administration. Animals were mainly mice and rats. Unlike intestinal mucositis, most oral mucositis models combined mechanical or chemical irritation with chemotherapy. In conclusion, this extensive assessment of the literature revealed that there was a large variation among studies that reproduce oral and intestinal mucositis in animals. To assist with the design of a suitable preclinical model of chemotherapy-induced alimentary tract mucositis, animal types, routes of administration, dosages, and types of drugs were reported in this study. Further research is required to define an optimal protocol that improves the translatability of findings to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
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Oliveira MMB, de Araújo AA, Ribeiro SB, de Sales Mota PCM, Marques VB, da Silva Martins Rebouças C, Figueiredo JG, Barra PB, de Castro Brito GA, de Carvalho Leitão RF, Guerra GCB, de Medeiros CACX. Losartan improves intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23241. [PMID: 34853351 PMCID: PMC8636633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis (IM) is a common side effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy, which negatively impacts therapeutic outcomes and delays subsequent cycles of chemotherapy resulting in dose reductions and treatment discontinuation. In search of new pharmacological alternatives that minimize your symptoms, this work set out to study the effect of losartan (LOS), a receptor type I (AT1) angiotensin II antagonist, on intestinal mucositis induced by 5-FU. Intestinal mucositis was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of 5-FU (450 mg/kg) in Swiss mice. Losartan (5, 25 or 50 mg/kg) or saline was orally administered 30 min before 5-FU and daily for 4 days. On 4th day, the animals were euthanized and segments of small intestine were collected to evaluate histopathological alterations (morphometric analysis), concentration of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers and genic expression of NF-κB p65, Fn-14 and TWEAK. Weight evaluation and changes in leukogram were also analyzed. 5-FU induced intense weight loss, leukopenia and reduction in villus height compared to saline group. Losartan (50 mg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced inflammation by decreasing in the analyzed parameters compared to the 5-FU group. Our findings suggest that 50 mg/kg of losartan prevents the effects of 5-FU on intestinal mucosa in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Post Graduate Program Dental Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Susana Barbosa Ribeiro
- Junior Postdoctoral Student CNPq-Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jozi Godoy Figueiredo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vale do São Lourenço (EDUVALE), Jaciara, MT, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Batista Barra
- Post Graduate Program in Biology Teaching in National Network-PROFBIO, Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Post Graduate Program Medical Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Arafat EA, El-Khair SMA, Elsamanoudy AZ, Shabaan DA. Study of the Possible Alleviated Role of Atorvastatin on Irinotecan-Induced Lingual Mucosal Damage: Histological and Molecular Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9690047. [PMID: 34630855 PMCID: PMC8497104 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9690047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis is the most debilitating and troublesome adverse effect of irinotecan (CPT-11) treatment. It adversely affects the patient quality of life. The aim of this work was to study the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular changes in the oral mucosa by CPT-11 and the possible alleviated role of atorvastatin. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control, CPT-11-treated group, and CPT-11+ atorvastatin-treated group. At the end of the experiment, the anterior two-thirds of the tongue was dissected out and divided into two parts: one part for light microscopic examination and the second for molecular study. RESULTS CPT-11-treated group revealed loss of normal mucosal organization, areas of ulceration and inflammation, and loss of architecture of lingual papillae. A significant decrease in immunohistochemical and molecular gene expression of Ki-67 and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 levels was observed. A significant increase in NF-κB immunohistochemical and mRNA gene expression level and a nonsignificant increase in Nrf2 gene expression were detected. Coadministration of atorvastatin showed remarkable improvement in the histopathological picture with a significant increase in Ki-67 and Bcl-2, a significant decrease in NF-κB protein and gene expression, and a significant increase in Nrf2 gene expression. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin substantially attenuates CPT-11-induced oral mucositis through the initiation of the antiapoptotic gene, modulation of the inflammatory, and antioxidant gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eetmad A Arafat
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - S M Abo El-Khair
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - A Z Elsamanoudy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia A Shabaan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Anti-inflammatory effect of L-cysteine (a semi-essential amino acid) on 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1415-1430. [PMID: 34410507 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucositis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa mainly resulting from the cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The literature shows anti-inflammatory action of L-cysteine (L-cys) involving hydrogen sulfide (H2S). In view of these properties, we investigate the effect of L-cys in oral mucositis induced by 5-FU in hamsters. The animals were divided into the following groups: saline 0.9%, mechanical trauma, 5-FU 60-40 mg/kg, L-cys 10/40 mg and NaHS 27 µg/kg. 5-FU was administered on days 1st to 2nd; 4th day excoriations were made on the mucosa; 5th-6th received L-cys and NaHS. For data analysis, histological analyses, mast cell count, inflammatory and antioxidants markers, and immunohistochemistry (cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs)/H2S) were performed. Results showed that L-cys decreased levels of inflammatory markers, mast cells, levels of COX-2, iNOS and increased levels of antioxidants markers and H2S when compared to the group 5-FU (p < 0.005). It is suggested that L-cys increases the H2S production with anti-inflammatory action in the 5-FU lesion.
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7
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Ribeiro SB, de Araújo AA, Oliveira MMB, dos Santos Silva AM, da Silva-Júnior AA, Guerra GCB, Brito GADC, Leitão RFDC, de Araújo Júnior RF, Garcia VB, Vasconcelos RC, de Medeiros CACX. Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:53. [PMID: 33406583 PMCID: PMC7823510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by the presence of severe ulcers in the oral region that affects patients treated with chemotherapy. It occurs in almost all patients who receive radiotherapy of the head and neck, as well as patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation. The pathophysiology of OM is complex, and there is no effective therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone-loaded poly(d,l-Lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (PLGA-DEX NPs) on an OM model induced in hamsters. The NPs were synthesized using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method and were characterized by the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, atomic force microscopy, physicochemical stability, and the in vitro release. The OM was induced by the administration of 5-FU on the first and second days and mechanical trauma on the 4th day of the experiment. PLGA-DEX NPs were administered to treat OM. The animals were euthanized on the 10th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed, measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) and ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immunoexpressions of NF-κB, COX-2, and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the GILZ, MKP1, and NF-κB p65. The PLGA-DEX NPs (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological scores, decreased MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunostaining for NF-κB, COX-2, TGF-β, and suppressed NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, but increased GILZ and MKP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa Ribeiro
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post Graduate Program Dental Sciences, Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Maisie Mitchele Barbosa Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Alaine Maria dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.S.); (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.S.); (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza CE 60416-030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.d.C.L.)
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza CE 60416-030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.d.C.L.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Post Graduate Program Functional and Structural Biology, Post Graduate Program Health Science, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Vinícius Barreto Garcia
- Post Graduate Program Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil;
| | | | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
- Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil
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Tahamtan S, Shirban F, Bagherniya M, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. The effects of statins on dental and oral health: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. J Transl Med 2020; 18:155. [PMID: 32252793 PMCID: PMC7132955 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The statin family of drugs are safe and effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Due to a wide range of health benefits in addition to their cholesterol lowering properties, statins have recently attracted significant attention as a new treatment strategy for several conditions, which are not directly related to normalizing a lipid profile and preventing CVD. Statins exert a variety of beneficial effects on different aspects of oral health, which includes their positive effects on bone metabolism, their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and their potential effects on epithelization and wound healing. Additionally, they possess antimicrobial, antiviral, and fungicidal properties, which makes this class of drugs attractive to the field of periodontal diseases and oral and dental health. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive study to date, which has investigated the effects of statin drugs on different aspects of dental and oral health. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper was to review the effect of statins on dental and oral health. Results of our extensive review have indicated that statins possess remarkable and promising effects on several aspects of dental and oral health including chronic periodontitis, alveolar bone loss due to either extraction or chronic periodontitis, osseointegration of implants, dental pulp cells, orthodontic tooth movement, and orthodontic relapse, tissue healing (wound/bone healing), salivary gland function, and finally, anti-cancer effects. Hence, statins can be considered as novel, safe, inexpensive, and widely-accessible therapeutic agents to improve different aspects of dental and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Tahamtan
- Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.
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Vilar CJF, Ribeiro SB, de Araújo AA, Guerra GCB, de Araújo Júnior RF, Brito GADC, Leitão RFC, Pontes DDL, Gasparotto LHDS, Oliveira MMB, Viana AD, de Medeiros WMTQ, Bezerra BGP, de Medeiros CACX. Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040304. [PMID: 32230975 PMCID: PMC7238277 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in hamsters. MATERIALS AND METHODS 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification. RESULTS AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes. CONCLUSIONS AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmem Jane Ferreira Vilar
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil;
| | - Susana Barbosa Ribeiro
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post Graduation Program in Dental Sciences/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science/Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil;
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science/Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil;
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Post Graduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Post Graduation Program Health Science/Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil;
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Post Graduation Program in Morphofunctional Sciences/Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza/CE 60416030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.C.L.)
| | - Renata Ferreira Carvalho Leitão
- Post Graduation Program in Morphofunctional Sciences/Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias s/n, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza/CE 60416030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.C.L.)
| | - Daniel de Lima Pontes
- Post Graduation Program of Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (D.d.L.P.); (L.H.D.S.G.); (A.D.V.); (W.M.T.Q.d.M.); (B.G.P.B.)
| | - Luiz Henrique Da Silva Gasparotto
- Post Graduation Program of Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (D.d.L.P.); (L.H.D.S.G.); (A.D.V.); (W.M.T.Q.d.M.); (B.G.P.B.)
| | - Maisie Mitchele Barbosa Oliveira
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Anderson Dias Viana
- Post Graduation Program of Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (D.d.L.P.); (L.H.D.S.G.); (A.D.V.); (W.M.T.Q.d.M.); (B.G.P.B.)
| | - Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz de Medeiros
- Post Graduation Program of Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (D.d.L.P.); (L.H.D.S.G.); (A.D.V.); (W.M.T.Q.d.M.); (B.G.P.B.)
| | - Breno Gustavo Porfírio Bezerra
- Post Graduation Program of Chemistry/Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (D.d.L.P.); (L.H.D.S.G.); (A.D.V.); (W.M.T.Q.d.M.); (B.G.P.B.)
| | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil;
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal/RN 59078970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-84-33422256
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Mafra CADCC, Vasconcelos RC, de Medeiros CACX, Leitão RFDC, Brito GADC, Costa DVDS, Guerra GCB, de Araújo RF, Medeiros AC, de Araújo AA. Gliclazide Prevents 5-FU-Induced Oral Mucositis by Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and P-Selectin Adhesion Molecules. Front Physiol 2019; 10:327. [PMID: 30971955 PMCID: PMC6445135 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the main side effects of the head and neck cancer treatment, particularly radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. OM is characterized by ulcers, erythema, dysphagia, xerostomia, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. In the perspective of finding pharmacological therapies to prevent inflammation and ulceration of OM, the investigation of the pleiotropic effect of commercial drugs is needed, among them gliclazide, an antidiabetic drug. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gliclazide in an experimental OM model induced by 5-fluorouracil. Male hamsters were pre-treated with oral gliclazide (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg) for 10 days. Cheek pouch samples were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (COX2, iNOS, MMP-2, NFκB P65, GPx) and imunofluorescence (P-selectin). IL-1β and TNF-α levels, Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis. NFκB NLS P50 protein levels were analyzed by western blotting. The group treated with gliclazide at a dose of 10 mg/kg showed presence of erythema, no evidence of erosion, and absence of mucosal ulceration with a score of 1 (1–2) (p < 0.01). Histopathological data for the group treated with gliclazide 10 mg/kg showed re-epithelialization, discrete mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and absence of hemorrhage, edema, ulcers and abscesses with a score of 1 (1–1) (p < 0.01). Treatment with gliclazide 10 mg/kg reduced MPO activity (p < 0.001), MDA levels (p < 0.001) and NFκB NLS P50 (p < 0.05) protein levels, resulting in low immunostaining to Cox-2, iNOS (p < 0.05), NFκB P65 (p < 0.05), and negative immunoreaction to MMP-2 (p < 0.001). However, it appeared that for Gpx1, the staining was restored in the GLI 10-FUT group compared with 5FUT/saline (p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence revealed decreased levels of P-selectin (p < 0.001) after treatment with gliclazide 10 mg/kg (p < 0.05). In summary, gliclazide accelerated mucosal recovery and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in the 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, UFRN, Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Science and Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia/Renorbio, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- Postgraduate Programs in Pharmacology and Morphology, Department of Morphology/Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Postgraduate Programs in Pharmacology and Morphology, Department of Morphology/Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Deiziane Viana da Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Programs in Pharmacology and Morphology, Department of Morphology/Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Postgraduate Programs in Postgraduate Program in Biological Science/Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysical and Pharmacology, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo
- Postgraduate Programs in Functional and Structural Biology and Health Science, Department of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Aldo Cunha Medeiros
- Postgraduate Programs in Health Science, Department of Surgery, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Postgraduate Oral Science, Postgraduate Programs in Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Yüce UÖ, Yurtsever S. Effect of Education About Oral Mucositis Given to the Cancer Patients Having Chemotherapy on Life Quality. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2019; 34:35-40. [PMID: 28776304 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to determine the effect of education cancer patients receiving chemotherapy for prevention of oral mucositis on the quality of life. A total of 60 patients including 30 patients each in education and control groups were included in this randomized controlled study. On the first day of study, Oral Assessment Guide and EORTC QLQ-C30 Version 3.0 were applied to both groups and also it was trained only the education group for the prevention of oral mucositis and explained Patient Education Booklet. The oral mucosae of both groups were evaluated with Oral Assessment Guide on the 5th, 10th, 15th, and 21st day of chemotherapy. EORTC QLQ-C30 Version 3.0 was again applied to them on the 15th day and on the 21st day of treatment. The frequency of oral mucositis in the education group was less than the control group (p < 0.05). The patients' quality of life in the education group in the fields of functional and general health status was higher than the control group and the mean of their symptom score was also lower than control group (p < 0.05). The education to be provided training for the patient can have an important role in preventing oral mucositis developed due to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Özcan Yüce
- Nursing Department, Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Fakıuşağı, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Sabire Yurtsever
- Nursing Department, Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu Çiftlikköy Kampusu, Çiftlikköy, Mersin, Turkey.
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12
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Medeiros ADC, Azevedo ÍM, Lima ML, Araújo Filho I, Moreira MD. Effects of simvastatin on 5-fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:e1968. [PMID: 30379218 DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20181968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE simvastatin has pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects potentially usefull to prevent chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. Studies on this are scarce. This study aimed to examine the effects of simvastatin on gastric and intestinal mucositis after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment in rats. METHODS rats weighing 270±18g were divided into two groups. The 5-FU+saline group (5-FU/SAL) rats were treated with 5-FU (50mg/kg) plus 0.9% saline orally (gavage) once daily for five days. The 5-FU+simvastatin (5-FU/SIMV) group was treated with 5-FU (50mg/kg), plus simvastatin (10mg/kg), in the same way. The rats were euthanased on the sixth day, then their stomach and intestine were photographed and removed for exams. Dosages of serum TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6 and histopathology were done for stomach and intestine. RESULTS body-weight was significantly lower in rats treated with 5-FU+saline than the weight loss of the 5-FU/SIMV group rats. TNF-a expression was lower in 5-FU/SIMV group (172.6±18pg/ml) than in 5-FU/SAL (347.5±63pg/ml). Serum IL-1b was lower in 5-FU/SAL group (134.5±23pg/ml) than in 5-FU/SIMV (48.3±9pg/ml). Serum IL-6 was 61.8±15pg/ml in 5-FU/SIMV and 129.4±17pg/ml in 5-FU/SAL groups. These differences were significant (p<0.05). Mucosal damage in stomach and jejunum were observed in rats receiving 5-FU alone. In the stomach and jejunum, simvastatin caused significant protective effects against 5-FU-induced mucosal injury. CONCLUSION simvastatin attenuated gastric and intestinal mucositis related to 5-FU therapeutics in animal model. These data encourage forthcoming clinical studies addressing the usefulness of statins in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo da Cunha Medeiros
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Cirurgia, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Ítalo Medeiros Azevedo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Cirurgia, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Marília Leite Lima
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Cirurgia, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Irami Araújo Filho
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Cirurgia, Natal, RN, Brasil
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13
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Barbosa MM, de Araújo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Guerra GCB, de Castro Brito GA, Leitão RC, Ribeiro SB, de Aragão Tavares E, Vasconcelos RC, Garcia VB, de Medeiros CACX. Telmisartan Modulates the Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil in Hamsters. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1204. [PMID: 30210365 PMCID: PMC6123383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common adverse effect resulting from cancer therapy. The OM it has implications that may compromise oncologic treatment and decrease the patient's quality of life. The therapeutic options to prevent or treat the symptoms of OM are scarce; there is no effective therapy that improves the symptoms. Based on the need for further research for the treatment of OM, the present study objective was to evaluate the effect of telmisartan (TELM) on the OM induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), using as animal model Golden Syrian hamsters. 5-FU followed by mechanical trauma on day 4 was used to induce OM in hamsters. Euthanasia occurred on the day 10. The experiments were constituted by the groups saline, mechanical trauma, 5-FU, and TELM in three doses (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg). Macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses as well as immunofluorescence experiments were performed on the oral mucosa of the animals. The samples also were used for analysis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (qPCR). TELM (5 or 10 mg/kg) was able to reduce the inflammatory ulceration and infiltration in the oral mucosa of the animals, decreasing the levels of the cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. These treatments was minimize the immunostaining for cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, transforming growth factor-β, and smad 2/3. The nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFκB) p65 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were reduced in the oral mucosa. Finally, TELM (10 mg/kg) increased the PPARγ gene expression and reduced STAT1 and NFκB p65 gene expression relative to the 5-FU group. Therefore, TELM prevents the OM produced by 5-FU on animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisie M Barbosa
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Aurigena A de Araújo
- Post Graduation Program Public Health/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raimundo F de Araújo Júnior
- Post Graduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Post Graduation Program Health Science, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gerlane C B Guerra
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gerly A de Castro Brito
- Post Graduation Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Renata C Leitão
- Post Graduation Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Susana B Ribeiro
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Roseane C Vasconcelos
- Post Graduation Program Public Health, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Vinícius B Garcia
- Post Graduation in Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Caroline A C X de Medeiros
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences/Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology RENORBIO, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Ribeiro SB, de Araújo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Brito GADC, Leitão RC, Barbosa MM, Garcia VB, Medeiros AC, de Medeiros CACX. Protective effect of dexamethasone on 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186511. [PMID: 29059216 PMCID: PMC5653368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is an important side effect of cancer treatment, characterized by ulcerative lesions in the mucosa of patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy, which has marked effects on patient quality of life and cancer therapy continuity. Considering that few protocols have demonstrated efficacy in preventing this side effect, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on OM induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in hamsters by studying signaling pathways. OM was induced in hamsters by 5-FU followed by mechanical trauma (MT) on day 4. On day 10, the animals were euthanized. The experimental groups included saline, MT, 5-FU, and DEX (0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg). Macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses as well as immunofluorescence experiments were performed on the oral mucosa of the animals. The oral mucosal samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). DEX (0.5 or 1 mg/kg) reduced inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa of hamsters. In addition, DEX (1 mg/kg) reduced the cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). DEX (1 mg/kg) also reduced the immunoexpression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, MIF, Smad 2/3, Smad 2/3 phosphorylated and NFκB p65 in the jugal mucosa. Finally, DEX (1 mg/kg) increased interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 (IRAK-M), glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MKP1) gene expression and reduced NFκB p65 and serine threonine kinase (AKt) gene expression, relative to the 5-FU group. Thus, DEX improved OM induced by 5-FU in hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post Graduation Program Public Health/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science/Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Post Graduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Post Graduation Program Health Science/Department of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Carvalho Leitão
- Post Graduation Program of Morphological Science/Department of Morphology, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aldo Cunha Medeiros
- Post Graduation Program Health Science, Department of Surgery, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
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15
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Silva VCD, Leitão RFDC, Brito GADC, Martins CDS, Freire GE, Aragão KS, Wanderley CWDS, Freitas MRD. Role of the route of leukotrienes in an experimental model of oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil 1. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:712-725. [PMID: 29019589 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170090000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the participation of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the pathophysiology of oral mucositis. METHODS Oral mucositis was induced in hamsters using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 60 and 40 mg/kg; i.p., on days 1 and 2, respectively, and with excoriations in jugal mucosa on day 4). Montelukast (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg/d; gavage), MK886 (3 mg/kg/d, i.p.), or saline or celecoxib (7.5 mg/kg/d; i.p.) was administered 1 h prior to 5-FU and daily, until the fourth (MK886) or tenth day, when the animals were euthanized and their jugal mucosa was collected for macroscopic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS Neither montelukast nor MK-886 prevented the oral mucositis induced by 5-FU, as observed by histopathological evaluation. In addition, we did not find significant differences in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase-2, cyclooxygenase-2, or interleukin (IL)-1β between the experimental and control groups. However, we did observe a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression for all doses of montelukast; we also observed a significant decrease in IL-10 with 40 mg/kg/d and MK 886. CONCLUSIONS Cysteinyl leukotrienes do not play an important role in experimental oral mucositis induced by 5-FU. There is a modulating action specifically on TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Carvalho da Silva
- Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Medical and Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFCE), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, acquisition and interpretation of data, statistics analysis, manuscript preparation, final approval
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- PhD, Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, histopathological examinations, manuscript preparation
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- PhD, Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, histopathological examinations, manuscript preparation
| | - Conceição da Silva Martins
- PhD, Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, histopathological examinations, manuscript preparation
| | - Gildenio Estevam Freire
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Karoline Saboia Aragão
- PhD, Laboratory of Inflammation and Cancer Pharmacology (LAFICA), UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, acquisition and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | | | - Marcos Rabelo de Freitas
- PhD, Postgraduate Program in Medical and Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UFCE, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, interpretation of data, manuscript preparation, final approval
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de Oliveira LSDS, de Araújo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, Barboza CAG, Borges BCD, da Silva JSP. Low-level laser therapy (780 nm) combined with collagen sponge scaffold promotes repair of rat cranial critical-size defects and increases TGF-β, FGF-2, OPG/RANK and osteocalcin expression. Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:75-85. [PMID: 28556971 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) implantation associated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on repairing bone defects. A single 5-mm cranial defect was surgically created in forty Wistar rats, which then received one of the following four interventions (n = 10 per group): no treatment (G0); bone defect implanted with collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) alone (G1); defect treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (wavelength 780 nm; total energy density 120 J/cm2 ; power 50 mW) alone (G2); and CSS associated with LLLT treatment (G3). After surgery, animals in each group were euthanized at 21 days and 30 days (n = 5 per euthanasia time group). Bone formation was monitored by X-ray imaging analysis. Biopsies were collected and processed for histological analysis and immunohistochemical evaluation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor ƙ (RANK). Osteocalcin (OCN) was detected by immunofluorescence analysis. Compared to the G0 group, defects in the 30-day G3 group exhibited increased bone formation, both by increase in radiopaque areas (P < 0.01) and by histomorphometric analysis (P < 0.001). The histopathological analysis showed a decreased number of inflammatory cells (P < 0.001). The combined CCS + LLLT (G3) treatment also resulted in the most intense immunostaining for OPG, RANK, FGF-2 and TGF-β, and the most intense and diffuse OCN immunofluorescent labelling at 30 days postsurgery (G3 vs. G0 group, P < 0.05). Therefore, the use of CCS associated with LLLT could offer a synergistic advantage in improving the healing of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Post Graduation Program in Public Health/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Post Graduation Program in Health Science/Post Graduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Galvão Barboza
- Department of Morphology, Post-Graduation Program in Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
- Department of Dentistry, Post-Graduation Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - José Sandro Pereira da Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Post-Graduation Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Theodoro LH, Longo M, Novaes VCN, Miessi DMJ, Ferro-Alves ML, Ervolino E, de Almeida JM, Garcia VG. Low-level laser and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on experimental periodontitis in rats submitted to chemotherapy by 5-fluorouracil. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:3261-3271. [PMID: 28488051 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as adjuvant to mechanical treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in adult rats submitted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. METHODS EP was induced through ligature around the left mandibular first molar for 7 days. The ligature was removed and the animals separated into groups: EP, no treatment; 5FU, systemic administration of 5-FU (80 and 40 mg/kg); 5FU/scaling and root planing (SRP), systemic application of 5-FU and SRP; 5FU/SRP/LLLT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and LLLT (660 nm, 0.035 W; 29.4 J/cm2); and 5FU/SRP/aPDT, systemic application of 5-FU, SRP, and aPDT (methylene blue irrigation and LLLT). The animals were euthanized 7, 15, and 30 days after treatments. Histological sections from mandibles were processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis (TRAP, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10). The alveolar bone loss (BL) area in the furcation region of the mandibular first molar was analyzed histometrically. RESULTS There was less bone loss in 5FU/SRP/aPDT compared with 5FU at 7 days (p < 0.05). The immunohistochemical analysis showed no significant difference for TRAP and osteoprotegerin, but lower RANKL immunolabeling was observed in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups compared with the 5FU group at 15 days. There was lower TNF-α and IL-6 immunolabeling in the 5FU/SRP/LLLT and 5FU/SRP/aPDT groups and higher IL-10 immunolabeling in 5FU/SRP/aPDT at 30 days. CONCLUSION LLLT and aPDT adjuvant to SRP minimized the effects of 5-FU on periodontal disease. Furthermore, aPDT promoted greater benefits in bone loss control and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Helena Theodoro
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariéllen Longo
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristina Noronha Novaes
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Maria Janjacomo Miessi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Luiz Ferro-Alves
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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18
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Goes P, Lima NA, Rodrigues JAG, Benevides NMB, Brito GAC, Lima V. Anti-inflammatory and Anti-resorptive Effects of Atorvastatin on Alveolar Bone Loss in Wistar Rats. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:267-72. [PMID: 27224558 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive effect of atorvastatin (ATV) in an experimental alveolar bone loss (ABL) model. Wistar rats were subjected to ligature placement around the maxillary second molar for 11 days. The animals received 0.9% saline (2 mL/kg) or ATV (0.3, 3 or 27 mg/kg) daily by gavage. ABL was evaluated by resorption area and histopathological analysis. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) activity was also evaluated. Leukogram was performed at 0 h, 6th h, 2nd, 7th and 11th days. Kidney and liver conditions and the body mass variation were analyzed. ATV (3 and 27 mg/kg) inhibited ABL by 39% and 56%, respectively. Histopathological analysis showed that ATV 27 mg/kg prevented ABL and cemental resorption, and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by ligature. ATV (27 mg/kg) prevented serum BALP levels reduction. ATV (27 mg/kg) prevented leukocytosis and did not affect either kidney or liver function nor body mass weight. ATV showed a protecting effect in the ligature-induced periodontitis, without affecting system parameters, by inhibition of inflammatory process and by its anabolic activity on the alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Goes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
| | - Neiberg Alcântara Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
| | - José Ariévilo Gurgel Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
| | - Norma Maria Barros Benevides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne Castro Brito
- Department of Morphology, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
| | - Vilma Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE , Brazil
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19
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Guerra GCB, de Menezes MSS, de Araújo AA, de Araújo Júnior RF, de Medeiros CACX. Olmesartan Prevented Intra-articular Inflammation Induced by Zymosan in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 39:1793-1801. [PMID: 27803450 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to study the effect of olmesartan medoxomil (OLM), an antihypertensive drug, on intra-articular inflammation induced by zymosan (Zy) in Wistar rats. Intra-articular inflammation was induced in the right knees of rats by 1 mg Zy dissolved in saline. The animals were divided into the following groups: saline only (oral saline and intra-articular saline); Zy only (intra-articular Zy and oral saline), and intra-articular Zy and oral OLM (5, 15, or 30 mg/kg) or diclofenac sodium (SD; 100 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after Zy injection, synovial fluid was collected for total leukocyte counts, blood was collected for biochemical measurements, and synovial tissue was collected for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and myeloperoxidase (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA), and non-protein sulphydryl (NPSH) assays. OLM doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg had protective effects, as evidenced by improved histopathological parameters of synovium, reduced total leukocyte counts, reduced MPO and MDA levels, and increased NPSH group levels compared with the Zy group. OLM reduced immunostaining for cyclooxygenase 2, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 17 and increased immunostaining for superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. SD produced similar results. The drugs studied caused no change in biochemical parameters of the animals. OLM showed protective effects in this model of Zy-induced intra-articular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Sciences/Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Department Biophysical and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
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20
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Alvarenga EM, Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Nogueira KM, Sousa FBM, Araújo AR, Martins CS, Pacífico DM, de C Brito GA, Souza EP, Sousa DP, Medeiros JVR. Carvacrol reduces irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative damage via TRPA1 receptor activation. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:129-140. [PMID: 27838229 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis is an inflammatory process occurring in the intestinal mucosa and is a common side effect of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) based anticancer regimens. The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) receptor is highly expressed in the intestinal mucosa and has the ability to identify cell damage signaling indicates its possible association with intestinal mucositis. Carvacrol is an agonist of the TRPA1 receptor and has anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of the present study was to verify the supposed anti-inflammatory and protective action of carvacrol via TRPA1 activation against intestinal mucositis induced by CPT-11 in mice. Briefly, mice were treated with either DMSO 2% or CPT-11 (75 mg/kg, per 4 days, i.p.) or the carvacrol (25, 75 or 150 mg/kg, per 8 days, i.p.) before CPT-11. In other group, the animals were pretreated with HC-030031, a TRPA1 antagonist, 30 min before treatment with carvacrol. On day 7, animal survival and bacteremia were assessed, and following euthanasia, samples of the jejunum were obtained for morphometric analysis and measurement of antioxidant and pro-inflammatory markers. Carvacrol was found to exert an anti-inflammatory action against CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis through strong interactions with TRPA1 receptors; reduction in the production or release or both of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and KC); and decrease in other indicators of inflammation (MPO, NF-κB, COX-2) and oxidative stress (GSH, MDA, and NOx levels). It also contributed to the restoration of the tissue architecture of the villi and crypts in the small intestine, and improved clinical parameters such as survival, body mass variation, leukogram, and blood bacterial count. Thus, TRPA1 could be a target for future therapeutic approaches in the treatment of intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenice M Alvarenga
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisca Beatriz M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Alyne R Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Conceição S Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Dvison M Pacífico
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel P Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Damião P Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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21
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Molina Prats P, Gómez Garcia F, Martinez Diaz F, Amaral Mendes R, Lopez-Jornet P. The therapeutic effects of apigenin and dexamethasone on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis - a pilot study using a Syrian hamster model. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:142-147. [PMID: 27378179 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of treating 5-fluorouracil-induced OM with apigenin and dexamethasone. METHODS Thirty-six male Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (50% acetic acid + 5-FU), 50% acetic acid + 5-FU + potassium Apigenin (KA), and 50% acetic acid + 5-FU + dexamethasone. The animals from each group were sacrificed 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after inducing the mucositis, and two samples collected from each animal, accounting a total of 72 samples. Macroscopic changes were assessed by histomorphometric analysis, with ulcers being assessed by imaging analysis and the number of inflammatory cells in the ulcerated region quantified in all periods through histomorphometric analysis (H&E). Furthermore, immunohistochemical changes were evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen. RESULTS All groups presented an increased inflammatory infiltrate after 7 days, compared to other evaluation times (P ≥ 0.05). There was significant difference between apigenin and control group in the 10-days period. Lower quantity of inflammatory cells in the apigenin-treated group in comparison with control group in the 7- and 10-days periods was observed (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was verified among the groups in 5- and 14-days periods. The healing process of the control group was slower than that of apigenin and dexamethasone-treated groups, with an overall significant difference between apigenin and the control group in the 10-days period. CONCLUSIONS Apigenin treatment may enhance healing of OM induced by 5-fluorouracil, thus suggesting that more extensive research in this area may be useful to assess the role of agents of natural origin capable of preventing OM. Hence, further studies involving broader samples are need to confirm the therapeutic potential shown by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Molina Prats
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ageing Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Gómez Garcia
- Pathologic Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Rui Amaral Mendes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pia Lopez-Jornet
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ageing Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Ziegler V, Albers A, Fritz G. Lovastatin protects keratinocytes from DNA damage-related pro-apoptotic stress responses stimulated by anticancer therapeutics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1082-92. [PMID: 26876155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is a relevant adverse effect of anticancer therapy involving ionizing radiation (IR) and doxorubicin (Doxo). Because DNA damage of keratinocytes is causative for the pathogenesis of OM, we aim to identify pharmacological measures for geno- and cytoprotection of keratinocytes. METHODS We investigated the influence of the lipid-lowering drug lovastatin on cell death, proliferation and DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms of human keratinocytes following treatment with IR and Doxo. RESULTS Lovastatin protected keratinocytes from the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of IR and Doxo as shown by a diminished induction of apoptosis as well as a reduced formation and slightly improved repair of DNA damage following Doxo and IR treatment, respectively. Lovastatin selectively blocked the activation of Chk1 and ATR kinases following treatment with IR, Doxo and the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor hydroxyurea, indicating that the statin antagonizes ATR/Chk1-regulated replicative stress responses. Part of the cytoprotective activity of lovastatin seems to rest on a delayed entry of lovastatin treated cells into S-phase. Yet, because the statin also protected non-proliferating keratinocytes from IR- and Doxo-induced cytotoxicity, cell cycle independent protective mechanisms are involved, too. CONCLUSIONS Lovastatin attenuates pro-toxic DNA damage-related responses of keratinocytes stimulated by OM-inducing anticancer therapeutics. The data encourage forthcoming in vivo and clinical studies addressing the usefulness of statins in the prevention of OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Ziegler
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Albers
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerhard Fritz
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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23
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Theodoro LH, Longo M, Ervolino E, Duque C, Ferro-Alves ML, Assem NZ, Louzada LM, Garcia VG. Effect of low-level laser therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis induced in rats subjected to 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. J Periodontal Res 2016; 51:669-80. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. H. Theodoro
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - M. Longo
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - E. Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - C. Duque
- Department of Paediatric and Social Dentistry; São Paulo State University (“Univ Estadual Paulista” - UNESP; Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - M. L. Ferro-Alves
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - N. Z. Assem
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - L. M. Louzada
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
| | - V. G. Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic; Division of Periodontics; São Paulo State University (“Univ. Estadual Paulista” - UNESP); Araçatuba SP Brazil
- University Centre of the Educational Foundation of Barretos (UNIFEB); Barretos SP Brazil
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24
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Campos MI, Vieira WDA, Campos CN, Aarestrup FM, Aarestrup BJV. Atorvastatin and trans-caryophyllene for the prevention of leukopenia in an experimental chemotherapy model in Wistar rats. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:825-828. [PMID: 26171189 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant neoplasia represents the second cause of disease-related mortality and, among all patients diagnosed with cancer, 70% will receive chemotherapy during the course of treatment. As a consequence, an increasing number of researchers have focused their attention on the search for more specific anticancer therapies associated with fewer side effects. Leukopenia is an important adverse effect associated with chemotherapy. Secondary infection is very common among leukopenic patients, directly affecting the continuity of the chemotherapeutic treatment and leading to possible complications in tumor immune defense. Atorvastatin, a type of statin, is a known agent used to control hypercholesterolemia. Trans-caryophyllene, isolated from a resinous oil extracted from the copaiba tree, possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The AIM of the present study was to evaluate, through a complete leukocyte count, the systemic immunomodulation potential of pentoxifylline (PTX), atorvastatin and trans-caryophyllene, as well as the possible prophylactic role of these drugs against secondary leukopenia, in an experimental chemotherapy model induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in wistar rats. A total of 32 male wistar rats were used, 24 of which were submitted to treatment with atorvastatin, PTX and trans-caryophyllene prior to the administration of chemotherapy. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify normality and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for negative data in the normality test. Among the drugs selected, atorvastatin exhibited the best preventive potential in regards to leukopenia secondary to experimental chemotherapy induced by 5-FU, in comparison to the group receiving saline solution, while PTX amplified such alterations in the leukograms of the animals in this trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ines Campos
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Neiva Campos
- Department of Dental Clinic, Dental Scool, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando Monteiro Aarestrup
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Julião Vieira Aarestrup
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil ; Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Al-Asmari AK, Al-Zahrani AM, Khan AQ, Al-Shahrani HM, Ali Al Amri M. Taurine ameliorates 5-flourouracil-induced intestinal mucositis, hepatorenal and reproductive organ damage in Wistar rats: A biochemical and histological study. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:10-20. [PMID: 25724421 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115573597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is one of the most commonly used anticancer drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer but has potential adverse effects such as intestinal mucositis, renal, hepatic, and reproductive organ toxicity. Attention has been given to approaches to reduce the side effects and improve the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we have investigated the protective effect of taurine (Tau) on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induced adverse effects in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups with six animals (n = 6) in each group. Group I received vehicle only and served as control group. Groups II, III, and IV animals were given oral gavage of 5-FU at 50 mg/kg body weight for 4 days. Tau was given to the animals of groups III and IV 30 min prior to 5-FU administration. We observed marked elevation in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity after 5-FU administration, which was reversed by Tau pretreatment. Histological observation of liver, kidney, intestine, testis, and prostate revealed that 5-FU administration resulted in anomalies like distortion of normal cellular architecture, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and loss of cellular integrity. These histopathological changes were markedly suppressed by Tau treatment. In conclusion, biochemical and histological findings of this study suggest that Tau has strong preventive potential against complications of anticancer drug 5-FU and hence Tau may play an important role in combinational chemotherapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Al-Asmari
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Al-Zahrani
- Department of Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Q Khan
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Al-Shahrani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ali Al Amri
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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de Araújo AA, Varela H, de Medeiros CACX, de Castro Brito GA, de Lima KC, de Moura LM, de Araújo RF. Azilsartan reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels, increased IL-10 levels and upregulated VEGF, FGF, KGF, and TGF-α in an oral mucositis model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116799. [PMID: 25689279 PMCID: PMC4331549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of treatments for head and neck cancer, particularly radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. OM is characterised by oral erythema, ulceration, and pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of azilsartan (AZT), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis (OM) in Syrian hamsters. OM was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of 5-FU on experimental days 1 (60 mg/Kg) and 2 (40 mg/Kg). Animals were pretreated with oral AZT (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 min before 5-FU injection and daily until day 10. Experimental treatment protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee Use/CEUA (Number 28/2012) of the UFRN. Macroscopic analysis and cheek pouch samples were removed for histopathologic analysis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Malonyldialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analysed by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-α were measured by immunohistochemistry. Analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni's test was used to calculate the means of intergroup differences (p ≤ 0.05). Treatment with 1 mg/kg AZT reduced levels MPO (p<0.01), MDA (p<0.5) and histological inflammatory cell infiltration, and increased the presence of granulation tissue. AZT treatment at 1 mg/kg reduced the TNF-α (p<0.05) and IL-1β (p<0.05) levels, increased the cheek pouch levels of IL-10 (p<0.01), and upregulated VEGF, FGF, KGF, and TGF-α. Administration of AZT at higher doses (5 and 10 mg/kg) did not significantly reverse the OM. AZT at a dose of 1 mg/kg prevented the mucosal damage and inflammation associated with 5-FU-induced OM, increasing granulation and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Postgraduate Programs in Public Health and Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Hugo Varela
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology and Morphology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Kênio Costa de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health and Health Science, Department of Dentistry, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ligia Moreno de Moura
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, UFRN; and University Potiguar (UnP), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Functional & Structural Biology and Health Science, Department of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Skeff MA, Brito GAC, de Oliveira MG, Braga CM, Cavalcante MM, Baldim V, Holanda-Afonso RC, Silva-Boghossian CM, Colombo AP, Ribeiro RA, Moura-Neto V, Leitão RFC. S-nitrosoglutathione accelerates recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113378. [PMID: 25478918 PMCID: PMC4257535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mucositis induced by anti-neoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting and costly side-effect of cancer therapy. Aim To evaluate the effect of the topical application of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a nitric oxide donor, on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. Materials and Methods Oral mucositis was induced in male hamsters by two intraperitoneal administrations of 5-FU on the first and second days of the experiment (60 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) followed by mechanical trauma on the fourth day. Animals received saline, HPMC or HPMC/GSNO (0.1, 0.5 or 2.0 mM) 1 h prior to the 5-FU injection and twice a day for 10 or 14 days. Samples of cheek pouches were harvested for: histopathological analysis, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunohistochemical staining for iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, Ki67 and TGF-β RII and a TUNEL assay. The presence and levels of 39 bacterial taxa were analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. The profiles of NO released from the HPMC/GSNO formulations were characterized using chemiluminescence. Results The HPMC/GSNO formulations were found to provide sustained release of NO for more than 4 h at concentration-dependent rates of 14 to 80 nmol/mL/h. Treatment with HPMC/GSNO (0.5 mM) significantly reduced mucosal damage, inflammatory alterations and cell death associated with 5-FU-induced oral mucositis on day 14 but not on day 10. HPMC/GSNO administration also reversed the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on cell proliferation on day 14. In addition, we observed that the chemotherapy significantly increased the levels and/or prevalence of several bacterial species. Conclusion Topical HPMC/GSNO accelerates mucosal recovery, reduces inflammatory parameters, speeds up re-epithelization and decreases levels of periodontopathic species in mucosal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adriana Skeff
- Laboratory of Cell Morphogenesis, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gerly A. C. Brito
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Cintia M. Braga
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Matheus M. Cavalcante
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Victor Baldim
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosenilde C. Holanda-Afonso
- Laboratory of Cell Morphogenesis, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carina M. Silva-Boghossian
- Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Colombo
- Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo A. Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- Laboratory of Cell Morphogenesis, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata F. C. Leitão
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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de Araújo RF, Souza TO, de Moura LM, Torres KP, de Souza LB, Alves MDSCF, Rocha HO, de Araújo AA. Atorvastatin decreases bone loss, inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75322. [PMID: 24130702 PMCID: PMC3794930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Atorvastatin treatment, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, in periodontal disease. Male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each: (1) non-ligated treatment (NL), (2) ligature only (L), (3) ligature plus 1 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days, (4) ligature plus 5 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days, and (5) ligature plus 10 mg/kg Atorvastatin daily for 10 days. Following the treatment course, the periodontal tissue of the animals was analyzed by Measurement of alveolar bone loss, Histopathology and immunohistochemistry to determine of the expression of COX-2, MMP-2, MMP9, and RANKL/RANK/OPG. ELISA assay was used to quantitate the levels of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione. The periodontal group treated with 10 mg/kg of Atorvastatin (3.9±0.9 mm; p<0.05) showed reverse the alveolar bone loss caused Experimental Periodontal Disease compared to (L) (7.02±0.17 mm). The periodontal group treated with 10 mg/kg of Atorvastatin showed a significant reduction in MPO and MDA (p<0.05) compared to ligature only group (L). Similarly in this group, the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased (p<0.05). Furthermore, MMP-2, MMP-9, RANKL/RANK, and COX-2 were all downregulated by Atorvastatin treatment, while OPG expression was increased. The findings support a role of Atorvastatin for reducing the bone loss, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins, while reducing RANK/RANKL and increase OPG in periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo
- Postgraduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Postgraduation Program Health Science/Department of Morphology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Lígia Moreno de Moura
- Department of Dentistry/UNP, Postgraduation Program Public Health, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Postgraduation Program Public Health/Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science/UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Goes P, Melo IM, Silva LMCM, Benevides NMB, Alencar NMN, Ribeiro RA, Lima V. Low-dose combination of alendronate and atorvastatin reduces ligature-induced alveolar bone loss in rats. J Periodontal Res 2013; 49:45-54. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Goes
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - I. M. Melo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - L. M. C. M. Silva
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - N. M. B. Benevides
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - N. M. N. Alencar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - R. A. Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - V. Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
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Protein fraction of Calotropis procera latex protects against 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis associated with downregulation of pivotal pro-inflammatory mediators. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385:981-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0778-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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