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Liu J, Liu J, Tong X, Peng W, Wei S, Sun T, Wang Y, Zhang B, Li W. Network Pharmacology Prediction and Molecular Docking-Based Strategy to Discover the Potential Pharmacological Mechanism of Huai Hua San Against Ulcerative Colitis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:3255-3276. [PMID: 34349502 PMCID: PMC8326529 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s319786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Huai Hua San (HHS), a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely applied in treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the interaction of bioactives from HHS with the targets involved in UC has not been elucidated yet. Aim A network pharmacology-based approach combined with molecular docking and in vitro validation was performed to determine the bioactives, key targets, and potential pharmacological mechanism of HHS against UC. Materials and Methods Bioactives and potential targets of HHS, as well as UC-related targets, were retrieved from public databases. Crucial bioactive ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were acquired through bioinformatics analysis, including protein-protein interaction (PPI), as well as the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Subsequently, molecular docking was carried out to predict the combination of active compounds with core targets. Lastly, in vitro experiments were conducted to further verify the findings. Results A total of 28 bioactive ingredients of HHS and 421 HHS-UC-related targets were screened. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin may be potential candidate agents. JUN, TP53, and ESR1 could become potential therapeutic targets. PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might play an important role in HHS against UC. Moreover, molecular docking suggested that quercetin, luteolin, and nobiletin combined well with JUN, TP53, and ESR1, respectively. Cell experiments showed that the most important ingredient of HHS, quercetin, could inhibit the levels of inflammatory factors and phosphorylated c-Jun, as well as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, which further confirmed the prediction by network pharmacology strategy and molecular docking. Conclusion Our results comprehensively illustrated the bioactives, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of HHS against UC. It also provided a promising strategy to uncover the scientific basis and therapeutic mechanism of TCM formulae in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Tong
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Taoli Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
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Hirsch D. [Colorectal tumor evolution in inflammatory bowel disease : Dynamics of genomic alterations and potential molecular markers to predict malignant progression]. DER PATHOLOGE 2019; 40:232-238. [PMID: 31811372 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-019-00709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) increase the risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). In IBD, the evolution of potential tumor clones occurs long before neoplastic lesions become evident and these clones can be undetectable by endoscopy and histology at early stages. The spectrum of genomic alterations in IBD-associated colorectal carcinogenesis is distinct from the changes observed in the sporadic adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Predominant alterations include aneuploidies and mutations of TP53, which both occur early in IBD-related tumorigenesis. In some IBD patients, genomic alterations can already be detected in colonic mucosa without any histologic signs of dysplasia. Genomic analysis of multiregional samples from colectomy specimens of IBD patients revealed distinct tumor evolutionary patterns. This suggests an increased genomic instability in the chronically inflamed bowel that enables the emergence of multiple, phylogenetically unrelated neoplastic lesions within the colorectum of a single IBD patient. This article summarizes the genomic alterations underlying IBD-associated colorectal tumorigenesis and the evolutionary patterns from inflamed, not yet dysplastic epithelium to CRC. Furthermore, it is discussed how this knowledge can eventually be exploited for early detection of malignant progression of IBD and thus help to improve the clinical management and surveillance schedule of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hirsch
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland. .,Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, 20892, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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