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Papouskova K, Zimmermannova O, Sychrova H. Distinct regions of its first intracellular loop contribute to the proper localization, transport activity and substrate-affinity adjustment of the main yeast K + importer Trk1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184369. [PMID: 38969203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Trk1 is the main K+ importer of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Its proper functioning enables yeast cells to grow in environments with micromolar amounts of K+. Although the structure of Trk1 has not been experimentally determined, the transporter is predicted to be composed of four MPM (transmembrane segment - pore loop - transmembrane segment) motifs which are connected by intracellular loops. Of those, in particular the first loop (IL1) is unique in its length; it forms more than half of the entire protein. The deletion of the majority of IL1 does not abolish the transport activity of Trk1. However IL1 is thought to be involved in the modulation of the transporter's functioning. In this work, we prepared a series of internally shortened versions of Trk1 that lacked various parts of IL1, and we studied their properties in S. cerevisiae cells without chromosomal copies of TRK genes. Using this approach, we were able to determine that both N- and C-border regions of IL1 are necessary for the proper localization of Trk1. Moreover, the N-border part of IL1 is also important for the functioning of Trk1, as its absence resulted in a decrease in the transporter's substrate affinity. In addition, in the internal part of IL1, we newly identified a stretch of amino-acid residues that are indispensable for retaining the transporter's maximum velocity, and another region whose deletion affected the ability of Trk1 to adjust its affinity in response to external levels of K+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Papouskova
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Zimmermannova
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Sychrova
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Papoušková K, Gómez M, Kodedová M, Ramos J, Zimmermannová O, Sychrová H. Heterologous expression reveals unique properties of Trk K + importers from nonconventional biotechnologically relevant yeast species together with their potential to support Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth. Yeast 2023; 40:68-83. [PMID: 36539385 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trk1 is the main K+ importer. It is involved in many important physiological processes, such as the maintenance of ion homeostasis, cell volume, intracellular pH, and plasma-membrane potential. The ScTrk1 protein can be of great interest to industry, as it was shown that changes in its activity influence ethanol production and tolerance in S. cerevisiae and also cell performance in the presence of organic acids or high ammonium under low K+ conditions. Nonconventional yeast species are attracting attention due to their unique properties and as a potential source of genes that encode proteins with unusual characteristics. In this work, we aimed to study and compare Trk proteins from Debaryomyces hansenii, Hortaea werneckii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Yarrowia lipolytica, four biotechnologically relevant yeasts that tolerate various extreme environments. Heterologous expression in S. cerevisiae cells lacking the endogenous Trk importers revealed differences in the studied Trk proteins' abilities to support the growth of cells under various cultivation conditions such as low K+ or the presence of toxic cations, to reduce plasma-membrane potential or to take up Rb+ . Examination of the potential of Trks to support the stress resistance of S. cerevisiae wild-type strains showed that Y. lipolytica Trk1 is a promising tool for improving cell tolerance to both low K+ and high salt and that the overproduction of S. cerevisiae's own Trk1 was the most efficient at improving the growth of cells in the presence of highly toxic Li+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Papoušková
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Marcos Gómez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marie Kodedová
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - José Ramos
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Olga Zimmermannová
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Sychrová
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Bu X, Lin JY, Cheng J, Yang D, Duan CQ, Koffas M, Yan GL. Engineering endogenous ABC transporter with improving ATP supply and membrane flexibility enhances the secretion of β-carotene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:168. [PMID: 33062054 PMCID: PMC7548044 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Product toxicity is one of the bottlenecks for microbial production of biofuels, and transporter-mediated biofuel secretion offers a promising strategy to solve this problem. As a robust microbial host for industrial-scale production of biofuels, Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a powerful transport system to export a wide range of toxic compounds to sustain survival. The aim of this study is to improve the secretion and production of the hydrophobic product (β-carotene) by harnessing endogenous ABC transporters combined with physiological engineering in S. cerevisiae. RESULTS Substrate inducibility is a prominent characteristic of most endogenous transporters. Through comparative proteomic analysis and transcriptional confirmation, we identified five potential ABC transporters (Pdr5p, Pdr10p, Snq2p, Yor1p, and Yol075cp) for β-carotene efflux. The accumulation of β-carotene also affects cell physiology in various aspects, including energy metabolism, mitochondrial translation, lipid metabolism, ergosterol biosynthetic process, and cell wall synthesis. Here, we adopted an inducible GAL promoter to overexpress candidate transporters and enhanced the secretion and intracellular production of β-carotene, in which Snq2p showed the best performance (a 4.04-fold and a 1.33-fold increase compared with its parental strain YBX-01, respectively). To further promote efflux capacity, two strategies of increasing ATP supply and improving membrane fluidity were following adopted. A 5.80-fold increase of β-carotene secretion and a 1.71-fold increase of the intracellular β-carotene production were consequently achieved in the engineered strain YBX-20 compared with the parental strain YBX-01. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results showcase that engineering endogenous plasma membrane ABC transporters is a promising approach for hydrophobic product efflux in S. cerevisiae. We also highlight the importance of improving cell physiology to enhance the efficiency of ABC transporters, especially energy status and cell membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bu
- Centre for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing, 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jing-Yuan Lin
- Centre for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing, 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Centre for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing, 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Centre for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing, 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Mattheos Koffas
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180 USA
| | - Guo-Liang Yan
- Centre for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 East Tsinghua Rd, Beijing, 100083 China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083 China
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Elicharova H, Herynkova P, Zimmermannova O, Sychrova H. Potassium uptake systems of
Candida krusei. Yeast 2019; 36:439-448. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Elicharova
- Department of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Herynkova
- Department of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Olga Zimmermannova
- Department of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Hana Sychrova
- Department of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
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Four Saccharomyces species differ in their tolerance to various stresses though they have similar basic physiological parameters. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:217-227. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sharma A, Sharma SC. Physiological Basis for the Tolerance of Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bisporus to Salt Stress. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Felcmanova K, Neveceralova P, Sychrova H, Zimmermannova O. Yeast Kch1 and Kch2 membrane proteins play a pleiotropic role in membrane potential establishment and monovalent cation homeostasis regulation. FEMS Yeast Res 2017; 17:3966712. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Elicharová H, Hušeková B, Sychrová H. ThreeCandida albicanspotassium uptake systems differ in their ability to provideSaccharomyces cerevisiae trk1trk2mutants with necessary potassium. FEMS Yeast Res 2016; 16:fow039. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fow039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Potassium Uptake Mediated by Trk1 Is Crucial for Candida glabrata Growth and Fitness. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153374. [PMID: 27058598 PMCID: PMC4825953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of potassium homeostasis is crucial for all types of cells, including Candida glabrata. Three types of plasma-membrane systems mediating potassium influx with different transport mechanisms have been described in yeasts: the Trk1 uniporter, the Hak cation-proton symporter and the Acu ATPase. The C. glabrata genome contains only one gene encoding putative system for potassium uptake, the Trk1 uniporter. Therefore, its importance in maintaining adequate levels of intracellular potassium appears to be critical for C. glabrata cells. In this study, we first confirmed the potassium-uptake activity of the identified gene’s product by heterologous expression in a suitable S. cerevisiae mutant, further we generated a corresponding deletion mutant in C. glabrata and analysed its phenotype in detail. The obtained results show a pleiotropic effect on the cell physiology when CgTRK1 is deleted, affecting not only the ability of trk1Δ to grow at low potassium concentrations, but also the tolerance to toxic alkali-metal cations and cationic drugs, as well as the membrane potential and intracellular pH. Taken together, our results find the sole potassium uptake system in C. glabrata cells to be a promising target in the search for its specific inhibitors and in developing new antifungal drugs.
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Dušková M, Ferreira C, Lucas C, Sychrová H. Two glycerol uptake systems contribute to the high osmotolerance ofZygosaccharomyces rouxii. Mol Microbiol 2015; 97:541-59. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michala Dušková
- Department of Membrane Transport; Institute of Physiology The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Célia Ferreira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA); Department of Biology; University of Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Cândida Lucas
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA); Department of Biology; University of Minho; Braga Portugal
| | - Hana Sychrová
- Department of Membrane Transport; Institute of Physiology The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
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Zimmermannova O, Salazar A, Sychrova H, Ramos J. Zygosaccharomyces rouxii Trk1 is an efficient potassium transporter providing yeast cells with high lithium tolerance. FEMS Yeast Res 2015; 15:fov029. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fov029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Fluconazole affects the alkali-metal-cation homeostasis and susceptibility to cationic toxic compounds of Candida glabrata. Microbiology (Reading) 2014; 160:1705-1713. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.078600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida glabrata is a salt-tolerant and fluconazole (FLC)-resistant yeast species. Here, we analyse the contribution of plasma-membrane alkali-metal-cation exporters, a cation/proton antiporter and a cation ATPase to cation homeostasis and the maintenance of membrane potential (ΔΨ). Using a series of single and double mutants lacking CNH1 and/or ENA1 genes we show that the inability to export potassium and toxic alkali-metal cations leads to a slight hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane of C. glabrata cells; this hyperpolarization drives more cations into the cells and affects cation homeostasis. Surprisingly, a much higher hyperpolarization of C. glabrata plasma membrane was produced by incubating cells with subinhibitory concentrations of FLC. FLC treatment resulted in a substantially increased sensitivity of cells to various cationic drugs and toxic cations that are driven into the cell by negative-inside plasma-membrane potential. The effect of the combination of FLC plus cationic drug treatment was enhanced by the malfunction of alkali-metal-cation transporters that contribute to the regulation of membrane potential and cation homeostasis. In summary, we show that the combination of subinhibitory concentrations of FLC and cationic drugs strongly affects the growth of C. glabrata cells.
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Adaptive response and tolerance to sugar and salt stress in the food yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 185:140-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bubnová M, Zemančíková J, Sychrová H. Osmotolerant yeast species differ in basic physiological parameters and in tolerance of non-osmotic stresses. Yeast 2014; 31:309-21. [PMID: 24962688 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmotolerance is the ability to grow in an environment with a high osmotic pressure. In this study we compared the physiological parameters and tolerance to osmotic and non-osmotic stresses of three osmotolerant yeast species, Debaryomyces hansenii, Pichia farinosa (sorbitophila) and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, with those of wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although the osmotolerant species did not differ significantly in their basic parameters, such as cell size or growth capacity, they had different abilities to survive anhydrobiosis, potassium limitation or the presence of toxic cationic drugs. When their osmotolerance was compared, the results revealed that some of the species isolated as sugar/polyol-tolerant (e.g. P. farinosa) are also highly tolerant to salts and, vice versa, some strains isolated from an environment with high concentration of salt (e.g. Z. rouxii ATCC 42981) tolerate high concentrations of sugars. None of the tested strains and species was osmophilic. Taken together, our results showed that P. farinosa (sorbitophila) is the most robust species when coping with various stresses, while Z. rouxii CBS 732, although osmotolerant in general, is not specifically salt-tolerant and is quite sensitive to most of the tested stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala Bubnová
- Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
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Solieri L, Dakal TC, Bicciato S. Quantitative phenotypic analysis of multistress response in Zygosaccharomyces rouxii complex. FEMS Yeast Res 2014; 14:586-600. [PMID: 24533625 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii complex comprises three yeasts clusters sourced from sugar- and salt-rich environments: haploid Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, diploid Zygosaccharomyces sapae and allodiploid/aneuploid strains of uncertain taxonomic affiliations. These yeasts have been characterized with respect to gene copy number variation, karyotype variability and change in ploidy, but functional diversity in stress responses has not been explored yet. Here, we quantitatively analysed the stress response variation in seven strains of the Z. rouxii complex by modelling growth variables via model and model-free fitting methods. Based on the spline fit as most reliable modelling method, we resolved different interstrain responses to 15 environmental perturbations. Compared with Z. rouxii CBS 732(T) and Z. sapae strains ABT301(T) and ABT601, allodiploid strain ATCC 42981 and aneuploid strains CBS 4837 and CBS 4838 displayed higher multistress resistance and better performance in glycerol respiration even in the presence of copper. μ-based logarithmic phenotypic index highlighted that ABT601 is a slow-growing strain insensitive to stress, whereas ABT301(T) grows fast on rich medium and is sensitive to suboptimal conditions. Overall, the differences in stress response could imply different adaptation mechanisms to sugar- and salt-rich niches. The obtained phenotypic profiling contributes to provide quantitative insights for elucidating the adaptive mechanisms to stress in halo- and osmo-tolerant Zygosaccharomyces yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Solieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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