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Jankowska-Konsur A, Łyko M, Rubas K, Nowicka-Suszko D, Maj J, Szepietowski JC. Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 (YKL-40): A New Biomarker of Inflamma-tion in Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 102:adv00646. [PMID: 34935995 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, neutrophil-ic dermatosis with unclear aetiopathology, considered as an autoinflammatory disease, associated with other immune-mediated disorders. Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) is an inflammatory biomarker secreted by a wide variety of cells, including neutrophils. To evaluate YKL-40 serum level in relation to clinicopathological data, 48 patients with PG and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Skin lesions were measured to calculate the affected area. Inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein, white blood cell count with neutrophils) were determined from blood samples. YKL-40 and IL-6 levels were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. YKL-40 serum level was significantly higher in patients with PG than in controls (58.4 vs 36.4 ng/ml, respectively; p < 0.00001). The positive correlation between YKL-40 level and IL-6 level was observed (r=0.48, p = 0.0006) along with a trend towards significance of relationship between YKL-40 level and C-reactive protein (r=0.28, p = 0.052). YKL-40 can be considered a valuable biomarker of inflammation in PG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacek C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wang L, Bao A, Zheng Y, Ma A, Wu Y, Shang H, Fang D, Ben S. Adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 shRNA attenuates eosinophil airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model. Gene Ther 2020; 28:177-185. [PMID: 33046836 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-00202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that YKL-40 is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effect of adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on regulation of airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model. Mice were assessed for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), total leukocytes and the percentage of eosinophil cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). YKL-40 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect YKL-40 and eosinophil-related chemokine expression levels in BALF and serum. Lung histology analyses were performed to evaluate the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration around the airway and airway mucus secretion.YKL-40 shRNA significantly inhibited the YKL-40 gene expression in asthmatic mice. In addition, YKL-40 shRNA alleviated eosinophilic airway inflammation, AHR, airway mucus secretion and decreased the levels of YKL-40 in BALF and serum in a murine asthmatic model. The levels and mRNA expression of IL-5, IL-13 in asthmatic mice lung tissues, eotaxin, and GM-CSF in BALF and serum significantly decreased. Bone marrow signaling molecules including IL-5, eotaxin, and GM-CSF were correlated with decreased levels of YKL-40. The study reveals that YKL-40 could be involved in asthma inflammation by altering bone marrow signaling molecules. YKL-40 gene RNA interference could provide new therapeutic strategies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aying Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huanxia Shang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chest Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Danruo Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqin Ben
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Association of Circulating COMP and YKL-40 as Markers of Metabolic Changes of Cartilage with Adipocytokines in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10020061. [PMID: 32050571 PMCID: PMC7073573 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (YKL-40) as markers of metabolic changes of cartilage, with leptin, adiponectin, and resistin in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients before and after treatment. A significant decrease of COMP and an increase of YKL-4 were found in blood of untreated patients. JIA treatment leading to clinical improvement resulted in normalization of COMP levels only. Concentrations of both markers in treated patients, while showing no clinical improvement, differed from those in controls and patients with remission. The leptin level decreased (p < 0.05) in untreated patients; however, concentrations of adiponectin and resistin increased (p < 0.05) as compared to controls. JIA treatment resulted in normalization of adipocytokine levels in remissive patients but not those with active JIA. Untreated patients showed a correlation between COMP and leptin, adiponectin, and body mass index (BMI) and between YKL-40 and leptin, adiponectin, BMI, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In inactive JIA, a correlation between YKL-40 and leptin was shown. Treated patients with an active JIA demonstrated a correlation between COMP and adiponectin and between YKL-40 and leptin, adiponectin, BMI, CRP, and ESR. The results of this work indicate that leptin and adiponectin but not resistin may be involved in the development and progression of joint dysfunction in JIA. Additionally, we suggest that YKL-40 may be a useful biomarker of disease activity and may be used to assess treatment towards remission, as compared to COMP.
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Serum YKL-40 and IL-6 levels correlate with ultrasound findings of articular and periarticular involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2019; 39:1841-1848. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Periodontal Health and Oral Microbiota in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050630. [PMID: 31072030 PMCID: PMC6572048 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the periodontal health of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to oral microbiota, systemic and oral inflammatory mediators, and RA disease activity. Forty patients underwent full-mouth dental/periodontal and rheumatological examination, including collection of blood, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque. Composition of plaque and saliva microbiota were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and levels of inflammatory mediators by multiplex-immunoassay. The majority of the patients (75%) had moderate or severe periodontitis and the rest had no/mild periodontitis. Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positivity was significantly more frequent in the moderate/severe periodontitis (86%) compared to the no/mild group (50%). No significance between groups was observed for RA disease duration or activity, or type of medication. Levels of sCD30/TNFRSF8, IFN-α2, IL-19, IL-26, MMP-1, gp130/sIL-6Rß, and sTNF-R1 were significantly higher in serum or GCF, and April/TNFSF13 was significantly higher in serum and saliva samples in moderate/severe periodontitis. The microbial composition in plaque also differed significantly between the two groups. In conclusion, the majority of RA patients had moderate/severe periodontitis and that this severe form of the disease was significantly associated with ACPA positivity, an altered subgingival microbial profile, and increased levels of systemic and oral inflammatory mediators.
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Yang L, Dong H, Lu H, Liao Y, Zhang H, Xu L, Tan Y, Cao S, Tan J, Fu S. Serum YKL-40 predicts long-term outcome in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14920. [PMID: 30896649 PMCID: PMC6709285 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum YKL-40, a potential inflammatory marker, is greatly increased at the early stage of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Here, we hypothesized that YKL-40 levels at admission could predict the long-term outcomes after STEMI.A total of 324 patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were consecutively enrolled and followed for 24 months. The baseline clinical and procedural data were recorded, and serum YKL-40 levels at admission were measured using ELISA method. The endpoint of interest was major adverse cardiac event (MACE), including all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and hospitalization for heart failure.Patients with elevated serum YKL-40 levels (≥126.8 ng/mL) were more likely to be older and smoker and to present with type 2 diabetes, advanced Killip class, multivessel disease and intra-aortic balloon pump, with increased levels of admission glucose, triglyceride, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and decreased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. During the follow-up period, the incidence of MACE was notably higher in the high than in the low YKL-40 groups (28.4% vs 11.1%, P < .001). Kaplan-Meier curve showed that elevated YKL-40 levels were associated with reduced MACE-free survivals (log-rank P < .001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found that high serum YKL-40 level was an independent predictor of MACE after controlling for clinical and angiographic variables (hazard ratio: 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.14-2.39, P = .008).The results of our study indicate that serum YKL-40 may be used as a biomarker to predict the long-term outcome after PCI in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit
| | | | | | | | | | - Yun Tan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit
| | - Jinhui Tan
- Department of Anesthesia, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Lin HW, Chiang YC, Sun NY, Chen YL, Chang CF, Tai YJ, Chen CA, Cheng WF. CHI3L1 results in poor outcome of ovarian cancer by promoting properties of stem-like cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:73-88. [PMID: 30121622 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) in ovarian cancer and the possible mechanisms were elucidated. CHI3L1 is a secreted glycoprotein and associated with inflammation, fibrosis, asthma, extracellular tissue remodeling and solid tumors. Our previous study showed CHI3L1 could be a potential prognostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and could protect cancer cells from apoptosis. Therefore, clinical data and quantitation of CHI3L1 of ovarian cancer patients, tumor spheroid formation, side-population assays, Aldefluor and apoptotic assays, ELISA, RT-PCR, immunoblotting and animal experiments were performed in two ovarian cancer cells lines, OVCAR3 and CA5171, and their CHI3L1-overexpressing and -knockdown transfectants. High expression of CHI3L1 was associated with poor outcome and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer patients. The mRNA expression of CHI3L1 in CA5171 ovarian cancer stem-like cells was 3-fold higher than in CA5171 parental cells. CHI3L1 promoted the properties of ovarian cancer stem-like cells including generating more and larger tumor spheroids and a higher percentage of ALDH+ in tumor cells and promoting resistance to cytotoxic drug-induced apoptosis. CHI3L1 could induce both the Akt (essential) and Erk signaling pathways, and then enhance expression of β-catenin followed by SOX2, and finally promote tumor spheroid formation and other properties of ovarian cancer stem-like cells. OVCAR3 CHI3L1-overexpressing transfectants were more tumorigenic in vivo, whereas CA5171 CHI3L1-knockdown transfectants were not tumorigenic in vivo. CHI3L1 critically enhances the properties of ovarian cancer stem-like cells. CHI3L1 or CHI3L1-regulated signaling pathways and molecules could be potential therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yun Sun
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jou Tai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-An Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee YH, Song GG. YKL-40 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Correlation with Disease Activity: A Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2019.26.4.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Gyu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Salomon J, Matusiak Ł, Nowicka-Suszko D, Szepietowski JC. Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) is a biomarker of severity of joint involvement in psoriatic arthritis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018; 35:485-489. [PMID: 30429706 PMCID: PMC6232549 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.77239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease of a complex pathogenesis and arthritis is one of its most common complications. The biological role of chitinase-3-like protein 1 remains unknown. It is suggested that this protein takes part in processes such as proliferation, inflammation and tissue remodelling. AIM To determine whether YKL-40 can be a useful biomarker in psoriatic arthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was performed on 42 patients with psoriatic arthritis: 28 men and 14 women, aged from 24 to 71 years. All patients met the diagnostic criteria (CASPAR) for psoriatic arthritis. The severity of psoriatic arthritis was assessed using 28-joint Disease Activity Score with CRP. The assessment of skin lesions was performed by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and, additionally, the Body Surface Area (BSA) was calculated. Blood samples were taken to measure the serum concentration of YKL-40, as well as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count and neutrophil count. RESULTS YKL-40 serum levels were significantly higher in patients with psoriatic arthritis, compared to the control group. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between the activity of psoriatic arthritis measured by DAS 28 and serum level of YKL-40 was found. There was a positive correlation between serum YKL-40 and BSA, as well as a distinct trend towards significance between YKL-40 and PASI score. CONCLUSIONS YKL-40 can be a useful biomarker for both diagnosing and monitoring joint involvement in psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Salomon
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Matusiak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Nowicka-Suszko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Väänänen T, Vuolteenaho K, Kautiainen H, Nieminen R, Möttönen T, Hannonen P, Korpela M, Kauppi MJ, Laiho K, Kaipiainen-Seppänen O, Luosujärvi R, Uusitalo T, Uutela T, Leirisalo-Repo M, Moilanen E. Glycoprotein YKL-40: A potential biomarker of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis during intensive treatment with csDMARDs and infliximab. Evidence from the randomised controlled NEO-RACo trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183294. [PMID: 28841649 PMCID: PMC5571914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE YKL-40, a chitinase-like glycoprotein associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling, is produced by joint tissues and recognized as a candidate auto-antigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we investigated YKL-40 as a potential biomarker of disease activity in patients with early RA at baseline and during intensive treatment aiming for early remission. METHODS Ninety-nine patients with early DMARD-naïve RA participated in the NEO-RACo study. For the first four weeks, the patients were treated with the combination of sulphasalazine, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine and low dose prednisolone (FIN-RACo DMARD combination), and subsequently randomized to receive placebo or infliximab added on the treatment for further 22 weeks. Disease activity was evaluated using the 28-joint disease activity score and plasma YKL-40 concentrations were measured by immunoassay. RESULTS At the baseline, plasma YKL-40 concentration was 57 ± 37 (mean ± SD) ng/ml. YKL-40 was significantly associated with the disease activity score, interleukin-6 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate both at the baseline and during the 26 weeks' treatment. The csDMARD combination decreased YKL-40 levels already during the first four weeks of treatment, and there was no further reduction when the tumour necrosis factor-α antagonist infliximab was added on the combination treatment. CONCLUSIONS High YKL-40 levels were found to be associated with disease activity in early DMARD-naïve RA and during intensive treat-to-target therapy. The present results suggest YKL-40 as a useful biomarker of disease activity in RA to be used to steer treatment towards remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Väänänen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katriina Vuolteenaho
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- MedCare Ltd, Äänekoski, Finland
| | - Riina Nieminen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Timo Möttönen
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Hannonen
- Department of Medicine, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markku Korpela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markku J. Kauppi
- Department of Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kari Laiho
- Department of Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
| | | | - Riitta Luosujärvi
- Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Uusitalo
- Department of Medicine, Hämeenlinna Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Toini Uutela
- Department of Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | | | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Kazakova MH, Batalov AZ, Mateva NG, Kolarov ZG, Sarafian VS. YKL-40 and cytokines - a New Diagnostic Constellation in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2017; 59:37-42. [PMID: 28384116 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes chronic inflammation and alteration of articular tissue and joints. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear although it is known that proinflammatory cytokines play a major role in its induction. YKL-40 is a chitinase-like glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages, neutrophils, arthritic chondrocytes and cancer cells. It has been shown that YKL-40 is implicated in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and inflammation. AIM to investigate serum and synovial YKL-40 levels in relation to IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum and synovial concentrations of YKL-40, TNF-α, IL- 6, and IL-1β were determined by ELISA in 39 patients (mean age 53.18 ± 16.54 yrs) with active RA. RESULTS Serum YKL-40 levels were increased in all patients. The highest levels were found in synovial fluid (P<0.01). Our study showed a strong association between serum and synovial levels of YKL-40 and serum TNF-α and IL-1 β (P<0.05). CONCLUSION This is the first study finding a significant correlation between serum TNF-α and IL-1β and YKL-40 in active RA. We suggest that these molecules together might play a dominant role in the pathogenesis and disease activity and could possibly serve as a new diagnostic constellation in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria H Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv
| | - Anastas Z Batalov
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nonka G Mateva
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biostatistics and E-learning, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv
| | | | - Victoria S Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Long X, He X, Ohshimo S, Griese M, Sarria R, Guzman J, Costabel U, Bonella F. Serum YKL-40 as predictor of outcome in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Eur Respir J 2016; 49:13993003.01924-2015. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01924-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
YKL-40, a chitinase-like protein mainly secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells, is increased in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and sarcoidosis. We aimed to investigate the role of YKL-40 as a biomarker in hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP).72 HP patients, 100 interstitial lung disease (ILD) controls and 60 healthy controls were studied. YKL-40 was measured by ELISA in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at baseline and follow-up. The relationship between YKL-40 levels, clinical variables and disease outcome was evaluated.Baseline serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in HP patients than in healthy controls (p<0.001), but lower than in patients with other ILDs. Baseline BALF YKL-40 levels in HP patients were the highest among ILD patients. In HP patients, serum YKL-40 correlated with the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide at baseline (p<0.01) and over time (p<0.001). HP patients whose disease progressed or who died had higher baseline YKL-40 levels than those who remained stable and survived (p<0.001). At a cut-off of 119 ng·mL−1, the baseline serum YKL-40 level predicted disease progression (hazard ratio 6.567; p<0.001), and at a cut-off of 150 ng·mL−1 was associated with mortality (hazard ratio 9.989; p<0.001).Serum YKL-40 may be a useful prognostic biomarker in HP patients.
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Overexpression of CHI3L1 is associated with chemoresistance and poor outcome of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39740-55. [PMID: 26452028 PMCID: PMC4741859 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose CHI3L1 as a prognostic biomarker for patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and also suggest possible biological functions of CHI3L1. We measured CHI3L1 expression with quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 180 women with EOC and evaluated correlations between CHI3L1 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and the outcomes of the patients. The expression of CHI3L1 was higher in cancerous tissues than in normal tissues. The expression of CHI3L1 was also higher in patients with a serous histological type, advanced stage, and chemoresistance. Patients with high CHI3L1 expression had a shorter progression-free survival (p < 0.001)and overall survival (p < 0.001). Patients with high CHI3L1 expression also had a high risk of recurrence (p < 0.001)and death (p < 0.001). In vitro studies showed that CHI3L1 up-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 protein and hampered paclitaxel-induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. These results suggest that CHI3L1 shows potential as a prognostic biomarker for EOC. CHI3L1 may promote chemoresistance via inhibition of drug-induced apoptosis by up-regulating Mcl-1.
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Diagnostic potential of YKL-40 in bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:257.e19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Steponaitis G, Skiriutė D, Kazlauskas A, Golubickaitė I, Stakaitis R, Tamašauskas A, Vaitkienė P. High CHI3L1 expression is associated with glioma patient survival. Diagn Pathol 2016; 11:42. [PMID: 27121858 PMCID: PMC4848844 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Survival of glioma patients with the same tumor histology and grade can vary significantly, and some low-grade gliomas transform to a more malignant phenotype. There is a need of molecular signatures, which are better predictors of the patient diagnosis, outcome of treatment, and prognosis than the diagnosis provided by histopathology. We propose CHI3L1 mRNA expression as a prognostic biomarker for patients with glioma. Methods We measured CHI3L1 expression with quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in the cohort of 98 patients with different grade glioma: 10 grade I pylocytic astrocytomas, 30 grade II diffuse astrocytomas, 20 grade III anaplastic astrocytomas, and 38 grade IV astrocytomas (glioblastomas). Statistical analyses were conducted to investigate the association between CHI3L1 mRNA expression levels and patient clinical variables. Results We demonstrated that mRNA expression of CHI3L1 was evidently higher in glioblastoma than in lower grade glioma tissues. We evaluated correlations between CHI3L1 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and the outcomes of the patients. Patients with high CHI3L1 expression had a shorter overall survival (p < 0.001). Conclusions Findings presented in our study showed that increased mRNA level of CHI3L1 could be associated with the progression of astrocytoma and poor patient survival not only for glioblastoma, but for lower grade astrocytoma tumors as well. Further investigation will be required to evaluate CHI3L1 value as a molecular marker for astrocytoma prognoses and for novel treatment strategies against all grade astrocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedrius Steponaitis
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Daina Skiriutė
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Kazlauskas
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Golubickaitė
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Rytis Stakaitis
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Arimantas Tamašauskas
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Vaitkienė
- Laboratory of Neurooncology and Genetics, Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania.
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Sørensen AK, Holmgaard DB, Mygind LH, Johansen J, Pedersen C. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, calprotectin and YKL-40 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: correlations and 5-year mortality - a cohort study. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2015; 12:20. [PMID: 25908927 PMCID: PMC4407303 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-015-0064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive decline in pulmonary function. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), YKL-40 and calprotectin are biomarkers of inflammation and predict mortality in patients with different inflammatory diseases. We aimed to investigate the correlation between levels of these three biomarkers and neutrophil granulocyte and lymphocyte count in patients with moderate to very severe COPD stratified by use of systemic glucocorticoids. Furthermore, we studied the ability of these biomarkers to predict all-cause mortality. Methods 386 patients with moderate to very severe COPD were followed prospectively for 10 years. Patients were divided into two groups according to systemic glucocorticoid use at baseline. Correlations between biomarkers were assessed by Spearman’s Rho, and mortality was evaluated in uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Plasma calprotectin was positively correlated with neutrophil granulocyte count and NLR. No significant association was found between plasma YKL-40 and the cellular biomarkers, irrespective of glucocorticoid treatment. In the group not treated with systemic glucocorticoids, plasma calprotectin [HR 1.002 (95% CI 1.000 – 1.004)], NLR [HR 1.090 (1.036 – 1.148)] and lymphocyte count [HR 0.667 (0.522 – 0.851)] were significantly associated with higher mortality. In the group treated with systemic glucocorticoids, higher plasma YKL-40 was significantly associated with mortality in univariate Cox regression analysis [HR 1.006 (1.003 – 1.008)]. Conclusions Calprotectin was related to neutrophil granulocyte count and NLR in patients with moderate to very severe COPD in stable phase and not in treatment with systemic glucocorticoids. Lymphopenia, higher plasma calprotectin and higher NLR were independent predictors of increased all-cause mortality in this group. Our data also suggests that treatment with systemic glucocorticoids has a significant impact on the ability of inflammatory biomarkers to predict all-cause mortality. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00132860.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lone Hagens Mygind
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Julia Johansen
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Court Pedersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases Q, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). One theory to explain this relationship proposes that OSA can induce systemic inflammation, thereby inducing CVD. This theory is based on the premise that obesity is a pro-inflammatory state, and that physiological derangements during sleep in subjects with OSA further aggravate inflammation. In support of this theory, some clinical studies have shown elevated inflammatory biomarkers in OSA subjects, or improvement in these markers following treatment of OSA. However, the data are inconsistent and often confounded by the effects of comorbid obesity. Animal models of OSA have been developed, which involve exposure of rodents or cells to intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark feature of OSA. Several of these experiments demonstrate that intermittent hypoxia can stimulate inflammatory pathways and lead to cardiovascular or metabolic pathology. In this review, we review relationships between OSA and inflammation, with particular attention to studies published within the last year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Unnikrishnan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Rm 5B.81, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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Comment on “The Role of Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in Predicting Erosive Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis”. Int J Rheumatol 2015; 2015:175251. [PMID: 26366177 PMCID: PMC4561090 DOI: 10.1155/2015/175251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Keles ZP, Keles GC, Avci B, Cetinkaya BO, Emingil G. Analysis of YKL-40 Acute-Phase Protein and Interleukin-6 Levels in Periodontal Disease. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1240-6. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wang X, Xing GH. Serum YKL-40 concentrations are elevated and correlated with disease severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2014; 74:74-8. [PMID: 24405178 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2013.859726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). YKL-40 is a novel biomarker of systemic inflammation. We aim to detect serum YKL-40 concentrations in OSAS patients and to clarify their relationship with clinical severity of the disease. We enrolled 159 OSAS patients and 104 healthy controls. The presence and severity of OSAS was assessed by Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Serum YKL-40 concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We demonstrated that serum YKL-40 concentrations were significantly elevated in OSAS patients than those in controls. Multivariate logistic regression including all variables revealed that YKL-40 was the significant and independent predictor for the present of OSAS. In OSAS patients, there is a significant positive correlation between increments in serum YKL-40 concentrations and severity of OSAS. Serum YKL-40 concentrations were independently and significantly correlated with AHI scores. These results suggest that YKL-40 could be used as a potential biomarker for predicting the development and progression of OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Respiration, Jinan Military General Hospital , Jinan, Shandong , P. R China
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Li W, Yu Z, Jiang C. Association of Serum YKL-40 With the Presence and Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Lab Med 2014; 45:220-5. [DOI: 10.1309/lms98akcxrsl2xor] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Siebuhr AS, He Y, Gudmann NS, Gram A, Kjelgaard-Petersen CF, Qvist P, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC. Biomarkers of cartilage and surrounding joint tissue. Biomark Med 2014; 8:713-31. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and clinical demonstration of efficacy and safety of osteo- and chondro-protective drugs are met with certain difficulties. During the last few decades, the pharmaceutical industry has, in the field of rheumatology, experienced disappointments associated with the development of disease modification. Today, the vast amount of patients suffering from serious, chronic joint diseases can only be offered treatments aimed at improving symptoms, such as pain and acute inflammation, and are not aimed at protecting the joint tissue. This huge, unmet medical need has been the driver behind the development of improved analytical techniques allowing better and more efficient clinical trial design, implementation and analysis. With this review, we aim to provide a brief and general overview of biochemical markers of joint tissue, with special focus on neoepitopes. Furthermore, we highlight recent studies applying biochemical markers in joint degenerative diseases. These disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies, are the most predominant disorders in Europe and the USA, and have enormous socioeconomical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne S Siebuhr
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Yi He
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Natasja S Gudmann
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Aurelie Gram
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | | | - Per Qvist
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Anne C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev Hovedgade 207, Herlev DK-2730, Denmark
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Wang X, Xia S, Fu B. RNA‑seq analysis of synovial fibroblasts in human rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:241-7. [PMID: 24788388 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls, in order to provide a theoretical foundation for RA diagnosis and targeted gene therapy. Illumina mRNA sequence data (RNA‑Seq) corresponding to RA and control samples were downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed with the GOstat tool in order to identify over‑represented biological functions among DEGs, and the related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified using the KEGG Automatic Annotation Server (KAAS). A total of 293 DEGs were identified, among which 16 DEGs have been previously shown to associate with RA, such as those encoding matrix metalloproteinase‑1 (MMP‑1), interleukin‑1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1), and chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1). GO functional annotation and enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs are enriched for 309 GO terms, mainly protein‑protein interactions, membrane formation and stability. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that these DEGs are involved in 131 pathways, including Wnt and calcium signaling, and cell adhesion molecule (CAM)-related pathways. In conclusion, the results provide both expansive and detailed insights into the molecular pathogenesis of RA, particularly with regards to the development of therapeutic targets, and may inspire further experimentation aiming to identify new strategies for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoupu Hospital of Pudong, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Shengli Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoupu Hospital of Pudong, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Beigang Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoupu Hospital of Pudong, Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
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