1
|
Kulseng CPS, Nainamalai V, Grøvik E, Geitung JT, Årøen A, Gjesdal KI. Automatic segmentation of human knee anatomy by a convolutional neural network applying a 3D MRI protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:41. [PMID: 36650496 PMCID: PMC9847207 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study deep learning segmentation of knee anatomy with 13 anatomical classes by using a magnetic resonance (MR) protocol of four three-dimensional (3D) pulse sequences, and evaluate possible clinical usefulness. METHODS The sample selection involved 40 healthy right knee volumes from adult participants. Further, a recently injured single left knee with previous known ACL reconstruction was included as a test subject. The MR protocol consisted of the following 3D pulse sequences: T1 TSE, PD TSE, PD FS TSE, and Angio GE. The DenseVNet neural network was considered for these experiments. Five input combinations of sequences (i) T1, (ii) T1 and FS, (iii) PD and FS, (iv) T1, PD, and FS and (v) T1, PD, FS and Angio were trained using the deep learning algorithm. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Jaccard index and Hausdorff were used to compare the performance of the networks. RESULTS Combining all sequences collectively performed significantly better than other alternatives. The following DSCs (±standard deviation) were obtained for the test dataset: Bone medulla 0.997 (±0.002), PCL 0.973 (±0.015), ACL 0.964 (±0.022), muscle 0.998 (±0.001), cartilage 0.966 (±0.018), bone cortex 0.980 (±0.010), arteries 0.943 (±0.038), collateral ligaments 0.919 (± 0.069), tendons 0.982 (±0.005), meniscus 0.955 (±0.032), adipose tissue 0.998 (±0.001), veins 0.980 (±0.010) and nerves 0.921 (±0.071). The deep learning network correctly identified the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear of the left knee, thus indicating a future aid to orthopaedics. CONCLUSIONS The convolutional neural network proves highly capable of correctly labeling all anatomical structures of the knee joint when applied to 3D MR sequences. We have demonstrated that this deep learning model is capable of automatized segmentation that may give 3D models and discover pathology. Both useful for a preoperative evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Varatharajan Nainamalai
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Larsgaardvegen 2, Ålesund, 6025 Norway
| | - Endre Grøvik
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, 7491 Norway ,Møre og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Postboks 1600, Ålesund, 6025 Norway
| | - Jonn-Terje Geitung
- Sunnmøre MR-klinikk, Langelandsvegen 15, Ålesund, 6010 Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Klaus Torgårds vei 3, Oslo, 0372 Norway ,grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Postboks 1000, Lørenskog, 1478 Norway
| | - Asbjørn Årøen
- grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Problemveien 7, Oslo, 0315 Norway ,grid.412285.80000 0000 8567 2092Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Postboks 4014 Ullevål Stadion, Oslo, 0806 Norway
| | - Kjell-Inge Gjesdal
- Sunnmøre MR-klinikk, Langelandsvegen 15, Ålesund, 6010 Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Larsgaardvegen 2, Ålesund, 6025 Norway ,grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Postboks 1000, Lørenskog, 1478 Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Varada SL, Popkin CA, Hecht EM, Ahmad CS, Levine WN, Brown M, Wong TT. Athletic Injuries of the Thoracic Cage. Radiographics 2021; 41:E20-E39. [PMID: 33646909 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A variety of sports require exposure to high-impact trauma or characteristic repetitive movements that predispose to injuries around the thorax. Appropriate prognostication and timely management are vital, as untreated or undertreated injuries can lead to pain, disability, loss of playing time, or early termination of sports participation. The authors review common athletic injuries of the thoracic cage, encompassing muscular, osseous, and vascular conditions, with an emphasis on mechanism, imaging features, and management. The authors also review pertinent soft-tissue and bony anatomy, along with relevant sports biomechanics. Generalized muscle trauma and more specific injuries involving the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis minor, lateral abdominal wall and intercostals, serratus anterior, and rectus abdominis muscles are discussed. Osseous injuries such as stress fractures, sternoclavicular dislocation, costochondral fractures, and scapular fractures are included. Finally, thoracic conditions such as snapping scapula, thoracic outlet syndrome, and Paget-Schroetter syndrome are also described. Specific MRI protocols are highlighted to address imaging challenges such as the variable anatomic orientation of thoracic structures and artifact from breathing motion. Athletes are susceptible to a wide range of musculoskeletal thoracic trauma. An accurate imaging diagnosis of thoracic cage injury and assessment of injury severity allow development of an adequate treatment plan. This can be facilitated by an understanding of functional anatomy, sports biomechanics, and the unique injuries for which athletes are at risk. ©RSNA, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya L Varada
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - Charles A Popkin
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - Elizabeth M Hecht
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - Christopher S Ahmad
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - William N Levine
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - Marc Brown
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| | - Tony T Wong
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology (S.L.V., E.M.H., M.B., T.T.W.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine (C.A.P., C.S.A., W.N.L.), New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, MC-28, New York, NY 10032
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong SZ, Zhu M, Bulas D. Techniques for minimizing sedation in pediatric MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:1047-1054. [PMID: 30869831 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MRI is used widely in infants and young children. However, in these young cases deep sedation or general anesthesia is often required to minimize motion artifacts during MRI examinations. Although the benefits of MR typically outweigh the potential risks of sedation when delivered by an experienced team, there are increasing concerns regarding the affect of sedation on young children. There continues to be a push to develop various strategies that can minimize the need for sedation. The present review summarizes several technical and clinical approaches that can help decrease the need for sedation in the pediatric patient. Optimization of the MRI environment, the role of child life specialists, feed-and-bundle and distraction techniques, noise-reduction methods, artificial intelligence, and MRI advances to decrease both scan times and motion artifacts will be discussed. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Zhen Dong
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health Systems, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ming Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dorothy Bulas
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health Systems, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Comparison with Magnetic Resonance Three-Dimensional Sequence for Lumbar Nerve Root with Intervertebral Foramen. Asian Spine J 2016; 10:59-64. [PMID: 26949459 PMCID: PMC4764541 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2016.10.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Design Prospective study based on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the lumbar spinal root of the intervertebral foramen. Purpose This study was to compare MR three-dimensional (3D) sequences for the evaluation of the lumbar spinal root of the intervertebral foramen. Overview of Literature The diagnosis of spinal disorders by MR imaging is commonly performed using two-dimensional T1- and T2-weighted images, whereas 3D MR images can be used for acquiring further detailed data using thin slices with multi-planar reconstruction. Methods On twenty healthy volunteers, we investigated the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lumbar spinal root of the intervertebral foramen with a 3D balanced sequence. The sequences used were the fast imaging employing steady state acquisition and the coherent oscillatory state acquisition for the manipulation of image contrast (COSMIC). COSMIC can be used with or without fat suppression (FS). We compared these sequence to determine the optimized visualization sequence for the lumbar spinal root of the intervertebral foramen. Results For the CNR between the nerve root and the peripheral tissue, these were no significant differences between the sequences at the entry of foramen. There was a significant difference and the highest CNR was seen with COSMIC-FS for the intra- and extra-foramen. Conclusions In this study, the findings suggest that the COSMIC-FS sequences should be used for the internal or external foramen for spinal root disorders.
Collapse
|
5
|
Non Contrast-Enhanced MRA versus Ultrasound Blood Vessel Assessment to determine the Choice of Hemodialysis Vascular Access. J Vasc Access 2013; 14:348-55. [PMID: 23817956 DOI: 10.5301/jva.5000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this work was to establish the relationship between traditional blood vessel mapping for vascular access (VA) creation by B-mode ultrasound (US) and novel non contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (NCE-MRA), and to study the potential influence of the diameter assessment technique on the choice of hemodialysis vascular access. Methods A total of 27 end-stage renal-disease patients were included. They received routine US and a NCE-MRA examination of the upper extremity. Diameters were measured manually on US and semi-automatically on NCE-MRA. These measurements were statistically compared for the arteries and veins and for each measurement location. Furthermore, sensitivity and specificity of both modalities to predict VA location was investigated by comparison with an experienced surgeon. This analysis gave insight into the potential influence of vessel mapping modality on decision-making. Results Comparison of NCE-MRA with US for the arteries and veins, demonstrated a bias of 9% (limits −33%-78%) and 38% (limits −36%-198%), respectively. Statistically significant differences between the modalities on the individual locations were mainly found for the venous locations. The sensitivity and specificity for US to predict VA location was 1.0 and 0.74, respectively, while for NCE-MRA this was 0.88 and 0.39, respectively. Conclusions The results obtained indicate that extreme caution should be exercised when replacing one diameter measurement modality with the other. A further need exists to improve both vessel mapping protocols to obtain a geometric description of the upper extremity vasculature regardless of acquisition modality.
Collapse
|
6
|
Merkx MAG, Huberts W, Bosboom EMH, Bode AS, Bescós JO, Tordoir JHM, Breeuwer M, van de Vosse FN. The benefit of non contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for predicting vascular access surgery outcome: a computer model perspective. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53615. [PMID: 23390490 PMCID: PMC3563627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular access (VA) surgery, a prerequisite for hemodialysis treatment of end-stage renal-disease (ESRD) patients, is hampered by complication rates, which are frequently related to flow enhancement. To assist in VA surgery planning, a patient-specific computer model for postoperative flow enhancement was developed. The purpose of this study is to assess the benefit of non contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (NCE-MRA) data as patient-specific geometrical input for the model-based prediction of surgery outcome. METHODS 25 ESRD patients were included in this study. All patients received a NCE-MRA examination of the upper extremity blood vessels in addition to routine ultrasound (US). Local arterial radii were assessed from NCE-MRA and converted to model input using a linear fit per artery. Venous radii were determined with US. The effect of radius measurement uncertainty on model predictions was accounted for by performing Monte-Carlo simulations. The resulting flow prediction interval of the computer model was compared with the postoperative flow obtained from US. Patients with no overlap between model-based prediction and postoperative measurement were further analyzed to determine whether an increase in geometrical detail improved computer model prediction. RESULTS Overlap between postoperative flows and model-based predictions was obtained for 71% of patients. Detailed inspection of non-overlapping cases revealed that the geometrical details that could be assessed from NCE-MRA explained most of the differences, and moreover, upon addition of these details in the computer model the flow predictions improved. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate clearly that NCE-MRA does provide valuable geometrical information for VA surgery planning. Therefore, it is recommended to use this modality, at least for patients at risk for local or global narrowing of the blood vessels as well as for patients for whom an US-based model prediction would not overlap with surgical choice, as the geometrical details are crucial for obtaining accurate flow predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten A G Merkx
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bode AS, Planken RN, Merkx MAG, van der Sande FM, Geerts L, Tordoir JHM, Leiner T. Feasibility of non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for imaging upper extremity vasculature prior to vascular access creation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011; 43:88-94. [PMID: 22070856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preoperative mapping of arterial and venous anatomy helps to prevent postoperative complications after vascular access creation. The use of gadolinium in contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been linked to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRA for assessment of upper extremity and central vasculature and to compare it with CE-MRA. METHODS NCE and CE-MRA images were acquired in 10 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with ESRD. In each data set, two observers analysed 11 arterial and 16 venous segments with regard to image quality (0-4), presence of artefacts (0-2) and vessel-to-background ratio. RESULTS More arterial segments were depicted using CE-MRA compared to NCE-MRA (99% vs. 96%, p = 0.001) with mean image quality of 3.80 vs. 2.68, (p < 0.001) and mean vessel-to-background ratio of 6.47 vs. 4.14 (p < 0.001). Ninety-one percent of the venous segments were portrayed using NCE-MRA vs. 80% using CE-MRA (p < 0.001). Mean image quality and vessel-to-background ratio were 2.41 vs. 2.21 (p = 0.140) and 5.13 vs. 3.88 (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although arterial image quality and vessel-to-background ratios were lower, NCE-MRA is considered a feasible alternative to CE-MRA in patients with ESRD who need imaging of the upper extremity and central vasculature prior to dialysis access creation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Bode
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tanitame K, Tanitame N, Tani C, Ishikawa M, Takasu M, Date S, Otani K, Awai K. Evaluation of lumber nerve root compression using thin-slice thickness coronal magnetic resonance imaging: three-dimensional fat-suppressed multi-shot balanced non-steady-state free precession versus three-dimensional T1-weighted spoiled gradient-recalled echo. Jpn J Radiol 2011; 29:623-9. [PMID: 21956367 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-011-0604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the three-dimensional fat-suppressed balanced non-steady-state free precession (3D FS-nSSFP) sequence and the 3D T1-weighted spoiled gradient-recalled echo (3D T1-GRE) sequence for evaluating lumbar nerve root compression with continuous thin-slice coronal magnetic resonance (MR) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board approved this study, and written informed consent was obtained from all 35 patients. We optimized continuous 2.5-mm thick lumbar coronal images with 3D FS-nSSFP and 3D T1-GRE. We calculated the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for nerve roots and other structures on images with the two sequences. With knowledge of the final diagnosis, we assessed the visibility of nerve root compression on these images. RESULTS The CNR values of nerve roots were significantly higher on images with 3D FS-nSSFP than on those with 3D T1-GRE. These continuous thin-slice coronal images facilitated visualization of nerve root compression in >91% of patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the two sequences in the detection of nerve root compression. CONCLUSION Continuous thin-slice coronal MR images using 3D FS-nSSFP and 3D T1-GRE sequences are sufficient to evaluate lumbar nerve root compression, and 3D FS-nSSFP is superior to 3D T1-GRE for depiction of lumbar nerve roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Tanitame
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clinical Study Protocol for the ARCH Project Computational Modeling for Improvement of Outcome after Vascular Access Creation. J Vasc Access 2011; 12:369-76. [PMID: 21667457 DOI: 10.5301/jva.2011.8382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite clinical guidelines and the possibility of diagnostic vascular imaging, creation and maintenance of a vascular access (VA) remains problematic: avoiding short- and long-term VA dysfunction is challenging. Although prognostic factors for VA dysfunction have been identified in previous studies, their potential interplay at a systemic level is disregarded. Consideration of multiple prognostic patient specific factors and their complex interaction using dedicated computational modeling tools might improve outcome after VA creation by enabling a better selection of VA configuration. These computational modeling tools are developed and validated in the ARCH project: a joint initiative of four medical centers and three industrial partners (FP7-ICT-224390). This paper reports the rationale behind computational modeling and presents the clinical study protocol designed for calibrating and validating these modeling tools. The clinical study is based on the pre-operative collection of structural and functional data at a vascular level, as well as a VA functional evaluation during the follow-up period. The strategy adopted to perform the study and for data collection is also described here.
Collapse
|
10
|
Takatsu Y, Koyama T. [Optimization of balanced turbo field echo sequence for depicting pelvic venous plexuses]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2010; 66:1598-606. [PMID: 21282916 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.66.1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Evaluating the relation between the developing range and the extent of invasion of a malignant tumor around the pelvic venous plexus is an important index for making strategic therapeutic decisions. In this study, we tried to depict a venous plexus in the pelvis using Balanced Turbo Field Echo (B-TFE). At first, we used an original phantom (derived from one layer of lard and another of agar (0.1%Gd-DTPA, 0.9%NaCl), each 500 ml, and we changed the Start Up Echo (SUE); 0-30, SPAIR inversion delay time (delay time); 0-200 ms, shot interval (SI); 1150, 1500 ms and evaluated the degree of fat suppression in SNR, CNR (the air signal method). The fat suppression-effect was found to be high in delay time; 120 ms in SUE; 0, SI; 1150 ms and 160 ms in SUE; 0, SI; 1500 ms was different SUE>0 each delay time. As for the images of healthy volunteers (5 men and 5 women), after fixing optimum conditions, we evaluated the images visually, as assessed by two radiologists and two radiographers, comparing between SUE; 0-30 and SI; 1150 and 1500 ms. According to the visual evaluation, the fat suppression-effect was worse, more than with the delay time; 20. We judged the best image of the venous plexus in the pelvis as being at SUE; 10, SI; 1500 ms. We think that using the B-TFE can help distinguish pelvic venous plexuses, by setting an optimum sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Takatsu
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Diagnostic cross-sectional imaging of arterial diseases: really noninvasive? Eur Radiol 2010; 21:559-61. [PMID: 21076960 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-010-2003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
12
|
Enden T, Storås TH, Negård A, Haig Y, Sandvik L, Gjesdal KI, Sandset PM, Kløw NE. Visualization of deep veins and detection of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with balanced turbo field echo (b-TFE) and contrast-enhanced T1 fast field echo (CE-FFE) using a blood pool agent (BPA). J Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 31:416-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|