1
|
Torres-Loureiro S, Scudeler MM, Andrade PXC, Sampaio-Coelho J, Nobre IH, Céspedes-Garro C, Tarazona-Santos E, Llerena A, Rodrigues-Soares F. Pharmacogenetics research in Brazil: a systematic review. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:263-275. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a rising scientific area in many countries, such as Brazil. Objectives: To identify biomarkers, therapeutic areas, probe drugs and regions/ethnicities most studied in the country in order to guide future studies. Materials & methods: Systematic review of 1060 studies (from 1968 to 2020) comprising 80 genes, six probe drugs and 3,819,233 individuals. Results: MTHFR and HLA-A/B were the most studied genes and metoprolol and dextromethorphan the most studied probe drugs. Oncology was the most studied therapeutic area considering PGx biomarkers. The country’s regions and ethnic groups were studied unevenly, with south/southeast and White people over-represented in respect to their demographic relevance, in detriment of the center-west/northeast/north and Black/mixed individuals. Conclusion: Many of the gaps and possible paths to be covered to reach even PGx data are pointed out by this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Torres-Loureiro
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Scudeler
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Poliana XC Andrade
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
| | - Julia Sampaio-Coelho
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
- Residência Médica de Pediatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Igor H Nobre
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Carolina Céspedes-Garro
- Genetics Section, School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Brazil
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 15102, Peru
| | - Adrián Llerena
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura, Universidad de Extremadura, SES, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-350, Brazil
- RIBEF Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baghad I, Erreguibi D, Boufettal R, Eljai SR, Chihab F, Nadifi S. [Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer]. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:287. [PMID: 34122714 PMCID: PMC8179987 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.287.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Le cancer colorectal (CCR) est un problème majeur de santé publique dans le monde. Le métabolisme des folates est impliqué dans la synthèse, la réparation et la méthylation de de l´ADN. La méthylènetétrahydrofolate réductase (MTHFR) est une enzyme clé dans le métabolisme folique. Un polymorphisme commun de la MTHFR, le C677T, a été corrélé aux CCR. Cette étude cas témoins a été menée pour analyser l´association entre ce polymorphisme et le risque de CCR sporadique dans une population marocaine. Soixante-seize (76) patients atteints de cancer colorectal sporadique confirmé histologiquement et 182 témoins sans antécédents de cancer ont été recrutés pour cette étude. L´ADN a été isolé à partir de sang périphériques et les génotypes ont été déterminés par PCR-RFLP. Le risque d´association a été estimé par le calcul de l´odds ratio (OR) avec un intervalle de confiance à 95%. La fréquence des génotypes MTHFR chez les patients et les témoins a été de 34.1%CC; 56.6%CT; 9.21%TT et 51,6%CC; 42,8% CT; 6% TT respectivement. Le génotype CT et sa combinaison avec le génotype TT et l´allèle T sont associés à un risque accru de CRC avec un OR de 2.02 (avec un intervalle de confiance (IC) de 95%: 1.14-3.58, p = 0,01), de 2.05 (IC 95%: 1.18-3.58, p = 0.01) et de 1.61 (IC 95%: 1,07-2.40, p = 0,02). Les homozygotes TT n´ont pas été un facteur de protection dans notre étude avec un OR de 2,30 (IC 95%: 0.81-6.52, p = 0,11). Il existe une association statistiquement significative entre le variant MTHFR C677T et le risque de survenue de cancer colorectal sporadique dans la population étudiée.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imane Baghad
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Driss Erreguibi
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale Aile III, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Rachid Boufettal
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale Aile III, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Saad Rifki Eljai
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale Aile III, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Farid Chihab
- Service de Chirurgie Viscérale Aile III, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Maroc
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hong Y, Wu G, Li W, Liu D, He K. A comprehensive meta-analysis of genetic associations between five key SNPs and colorectal cancer risk. Oncotarget 2018; 7:73945-73959. [PMID: 27661122 PMCID: PMC5342026 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) have identified dozens of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in more than 19 independent loci associated with CRC. Due to the heterogeneity of the studied subjects and the contrary results, it is challenging to verify the certainty of the association between these loci and CRC.We conducted a critical review of the published studies of SNPs associated with CRC. Five most frequently reported SNPs, which are rs6983267/8q24.21, rs4939827/18q21.1, rs10795668/10p14, rs4444235/14q22.2 and rs4779584/ 15q13.3, were selected for the current study from the qualified studies. Then meta-analyses based on larger sample sizes with average of 33,000 CRC cases and 34,000 controls were performed to assess the association between SNPs and CRC risk. Heterogeneity among studies and publication bias were assessed by the χ2-based Q statistic test Begg's funnel plot or Egger's test, respectively.Our meta-analysis confirmed significant associations of the five SNPs with CRC risk under different genetic models. Two risk variants at rs6983267 {Odds Ratio (OR) 1.388, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.180-1.8633} and rs10795668 (OR 1.323, 95% CI 1.062-1.648) had the highest ORs in homogeneous model. While ORs of the other three variants at rs4939827 {OR 1.298, 95% CI 1.135-1.483}, rs4779584 (OR 1.261, 95% CI 1.146-1.386) and rs4444235 (OR 1.160, 95% CI 1.106-1.216) were also statistically significant. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessment indicated the robust stability and reliability of the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hong
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Guoying Wu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Kan He
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu L, Qin Z, Wang F, Si S, Li L, Lin P, Han X, Cai X, Yang H, Gu Y. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170917. [PMID: 29089462 PMCID: PMC5719002 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility has been researched in numerous studies. However, the results of these studies were controversial. Therefore, the objective of this meta-analysis was to offer a more convincible conclusion about such association with more included studies. Eligible studies published till May 1, 2017 were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI database about such association. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) together with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate such association. And the Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test were applied to assess the publication bias. This meta-analysis contained 37049 cases and 52444 controls from 87 publications with 91 eligible case-control studies. Because of lack of data for a particular genotype in several studies, all the included studies were analysed barely in the dominant model. Originally, there was no association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and CRC susceptibility (OR =0.99, 95% CI =0.94-1.05). After excluding 13 studies according to their heterogeneity and publication bias, rs1801133 polymorphism was found to reduce the risks of CRC significantly (OR =0.96, 95% CI =0.94-0.99). In the subgroup analysis of ethnicity, there was a significant association in Asians (OR =0.94, 95% CI =0.89-1.00). Furthermore, when stratified by the source of controls and genotyping methods, the positive results were observed in population-based control group (OR =0.97, 95% CI =0.93-1.00) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method (OR =0.95, 95% CI =0.91-0.99. The results of the meta-analysis suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism was associated with CRC susceptibility, especially in Asian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shuhui Si
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peinan Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Masud R, Baqai HZ. The communal relation ofMTHFR,MTR,ACEgene polymorphisms and hyperhomocysteinemia as conceivable risk of coronary artery disease. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:1009-1014. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine and its modulating genes have strongly emerged as novel biomarkers for coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, we investigated whether polymorphisms in homocysteine pathway genes and the plasma levels of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12, independently or in combination, are associated with CAD risk. A total of 504 participants were recruited (cases, n = 254; controls, n = 250, respectively). Tetra primer allele refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for resolving the genotypes of 5′10′ methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ‘MTHFR’ polymorphisms (rs1801133, rs1801131), 5′ methyl tetrahydrofolate homocysteine methyltransferase ‘MTR’ polymorphism (rs1805087), paroxanse1 ‘PON1’ polymorphism (rs662), and cystathionine beta synthase ‘CBS’ polymorphism (rs5742905). Conventional PCR amplification was carried out for resolving angiotensin converting enzyme ‘ACE’ insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs4646994). ANOVA analysis, adjusted for the covariates, revealed that rs1801133, rs1805087 polymorphisms and homocysteine levels were associated with CAD. Logistic regression analysis (adjusted) revealed similar findings. Logistic regression analysis after applying factorial design to the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed that homocysteine levels and heterozygous and mutant alleles at rs1801133, rs1805087, along with mutant alleles at rs1801131, rs4646994, conferred higher risk for CAD. Our results provide insight into the multifactorial nature of coronary artery disease. We highlight that SNPs in folate pathway genes and homocysteine have role in disease causation and can be used in disease prediction strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Masud
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Impact of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism on colorectal cancer in a population with low genetic variability. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:1187-93. [PMID: 23422951 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-013-1644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a key role in folate metabolism, and folate is implicated in carcinogenesis by its role in DNA methylation, repair, and synthesis. We analyzed the impact of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in colorectal cancer in a region of the Tenerife Island whose population has a history of genetic isolation and a low genetic variability. This allows analyzing the effects of the polymorphism that are not due to interactions with different genetic variants. METHODS Genomic DNA of 50 Spanish sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 103 controls was analyzed by PCR/RFLP and sequencing. RESULTS The T allele is more frequent in controls than in patients (P < 0.01). The variant (T) carriers displayed significant odds ratio values for the CT heterozygotes (P = 0.026) and even when grouping heterozygote (CT) and homozygotes (TT) (P = 0.015). Patients carriers of the variant T (CT y TT) show a higher survival rate after chemotherapy than the CC homozygotes (log rank; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The MTHRF C677T variant has a protective effect on CRC development in a population with low allelic variability and an optimal intake of folic acid. Moreover, patients carrying the variant (T) show a better prognosis after 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao M, Li X, Xing C, Zhou B. Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:781-791. [PMID: 24649029 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutants on the risk of CRC. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Medline and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Eligible studies were collected based on rigorous criteria of inclusion. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the fixed- or random-effects model. After all the studies were pooled, the OR of CRC for individuals carrying the MTHFR 677TT genotype, compared to the CC genotype, was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82-0.97). When analyzed by ethnicity, Asians with the MTHFR 1298CC genotype exhibited a decreased risk of CRC (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.54-0.89). In a mixed population, a significantly reduced risk of CRC was observed among carriers of the 677TT (OR=0.86; 95% CI: 0.76-0.96) and the 1298CC (OR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.69-0.98) genotypes, compared to the wild-type homozygous genotype. In the subgroup of colon cancer, the OR of 677TT vs. CC+CT was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72-0.96) and the OR of 1298CC vs. AA+AC was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.69-0.96). In the rectal cancer subgroup, the OR of 677TT vs. CC+CT was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.77-0.97). Therefore, this meta-analysis suggested that the MTHFR 677T and 1298C alleles were associated with a low risk of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China ; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Intervention, University of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Teng Z, Wang L, Cai S, Yu P, Wang J, Gong J, Liu Y. The 677C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism in the MTHFR gene contributes to colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 71 research studies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55332. [PMID: 23437053 PMCID: PMC3577825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 677C>T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene is considered to have a significant effect on colorectal cancer susceptibility, but the results are inconsistent. In order to investigate the association between the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer, a meta-analysis was held based on 71 published studies. Methods Eligible studies were identified through searching the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature database (CBM) and CNKI database. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association. The statistical heterogeneity across studies was examined with x2-based Q-test. Begg's and Egger's test were also carried out to evaluate publication bias. Sensitive and subgroup analysis were also held in this meta-analysis. Results Overall, 71 publications including 31,572 cases and 44,066 controls were identified. The MTHFR 677 C>T variant genotypes are significantly associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risks were also found among Caucasians for CC vs TT (OR = 1.076; 95%CI = 1.008–1.150; I2 = 52.3%), CT vs TT (OR = 1.102; 95%CI = 1.032–1.177; I2 = 51.4%) and dominant model (OR = 1.086; 95%CI = 1.021–1.156; I2 = 53.6%). Asians for CC vs TT (OR = 1.226; 95%CI = 1.116–1.346; I2 = 55.3%), CT vs TT (OR = 1.180; 95%CI = 1.079–1.291; I2 = 36.2%), recessive (OR = 1.069; 95%CI = 1.003-1.140; I2 = 30.9%) and dominant model (OR = 1.198; 95%CI = 1.101-1.303; I2 = 52.4%), and Mixed populations for CT vs TT (OR = 1.142; 95%CI = 1.005-1.296; I2 = 0.0%). However, no associations were found in Africans for all genetic models. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism increases the risk for developing colorectal cancer, while there is no association among Africans found in subgroup analysis by ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zan Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saetre P, Grove J, Børglum AD, Mors O, Werge T, Andreassen OA, Vares M, Agartz I, Terenius L, Jönsson EG. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and age at onset of schizophrenia: no consistent evidence for an association in the Nordic population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2012; 159B:981-6. [PMID: 23076983 PMCID: PMC3739001 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme involved in metabolic pathways of importance for nucleotide synthesis and methylation of DNA, membranes, proteins and lipids. The MTHFR gene includes a common polymorphism (rs1801133 or C677T), which is associated with enzyme activity. The T-allele of the C677T polymorphism has been associated with earlier age at onset of schizophrenia in a Scandinavian population, although no association was found in replication attempts in other populations. Extending the study to five Nordic samples consisting of 2,198 patients with schizophrenia, including the original Scandinavian samples, there was no significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and age at onset in schizophrenia. The present results do not suggest that the investigated MTHFR polymorphism has any significant influence on age at onset of schizophrenia in the Nordic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Saetre
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Grove
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre (BiRC), Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
- deCODE GeneticsReykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University HospitalAarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- Center for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University HospitalAarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University HospitalRoskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of OsloOslo, Norway
- Department Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital—UllevålOslo, Norway
| | - Maria Vares
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and HospitalStockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of OsloOslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Vinderen, University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Folate Intake, MTHFR Polymorphisms, and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 2012:952508. [PMID: 23125859 PMCID: PMC3483802 DOI: 10.1155/2012/952508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The objective was to determine whether relationships exist between the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and examine whether the risk is modified by level of folate intake. Methods. MEDLINE, Embase, and SCOPUS were searched to May 2012 using the terms "folic acid," "folate," "colorectal cancer," "methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase," "MTHFR." Observational studies were included which (1) assessed the risk of CRC for each polymorphism and/or (2) had defined levels of folate intake for each polymorphism and assessed the risk of CRC. Results. From 910 references, 67 studies met our criteria; hand searching yielded 10 studies. The summary risk estimate comparing the 677CT versus CC genotype was 1.02 (95% CI 0.95-1.10) and for 677TT versus CC was 0.88 (95% CI 0.80-0.96) both with heterogeneity. The summary risk estimates for A1298C polymorphisms suggested no reduced risk. The summary risk estimate for high versus low total folate for the 677CC genotype was 0.70 (95% CI 0.56-0.89) and the 677TT genotype 0.63 (95% CI 0.41-0.97). Conclusion. These results suggest that the 677TT genotype is associated with a reduced risk of developing CRC, under conditions of high total folate intake, and this associated risk remains reduced for both MTHFR 677 CC and TT genotypes.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sheng X, Zhang Y, Zhao E, Lu S, Zheng X, Ge H, Lu W. MTHFR C677T polymorphism contributes to colorectal cancer susceptibility: evidence from 61 case-control studies. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9669-79. [PMID: 22729883 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is believed to be involved in folate metabolism which plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. To date, many case-control studies have investigated the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk. However, the results were inconsistent. In order to derive a more precise estimation of the association, we conducted this meta-analysis. This meta-analysis recruited 61 published studies which were selected by a search of PubMed up to 31st September 2011, including 16,111 colorectal cancer cases and 23,192 controls. We used crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility. Our results showed that MTHFR C667T polymorphism contributed to the decreased colorectal cancer risk in overall population (for TT vs. CC: OR = 0.89, 95 % CI = 0.82-0.97; for TT vs. CT/CC: OR = 0.88, 95 % CI = 0.83-0.92). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the results also indicated a correlation between the T allele of MTHFR C667T and the colorectal cancer risk in Asian population (for TT vs. CC: OR = 0.82, 95 % CI = 0.69-0.97; for TT vs. CT/CC: OR = 0.81, 95 % CI = 0.74-0.90). Additionally, the correlation was also observed in male subgroup in sub-analysis by gender (for TT vs. CC: OR = 0.82, 95 % CI = 0.71-0.93; for TT vs. CT/CC: OR = 0.81, 95 % CI = 0.71-0.92). In summary, our meta-analysis strongly indicated the MTHFR C667T polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou D, Mei Q, Luo H, Tang B, Yu P. The polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, methionine synthase, methionine synthase reductase, and the risk of colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:819-30. [PMID: 22719222 PMCID: PMC3372886 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.4462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism may modulate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but data from published studies are conflicting. The current meta-analysis was performed to address a more accurate estimation. A total of 41 (17,552 cases and 26,238 controls), 24(8,263 cases and 12,033 controls), 12(3,758 cases and 5,646 controls), and 13 (5,511 cases and 7,265 controls) studies were finally included for the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1289C, methione synthase reductase (MTRR) A66G, methionine synthase (MTR) A2756G polymorphisms and the risk of CRC, respectively. The data showed that the MTHFR 677T allele was significantly associated with reduced risk of CRC (OR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.90-0.96), while the MTRR 66G allele was significantly associated with increased risk of CRC (OR = 1.11, 95%CI 1.01-1.18). Sub-group analysis by ethnicity revealed that MTHFR C677T polymorphism was significantly associated with reduced risk of CRC in Asians (OR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.72-0.89) and Caucasians (OR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.76-0.93) in recessive genetic model, while the MTRR 66GG genotype was found to significantly increase the risk of CRC in Caucasians (GG vs. AA: OR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.03-1.36). No significant association was found between MTHFR A1298C and MTR A2756G polymorphisms and the risk of CRC. Cumulative meta-analysis showed no particular time trend existed in the summary estimate. Probability of publication bias was low across all comparisons illustrated by the funnel plots and Egger's test. Collectively, this meta-analysis suggested that MTHFR 677T allele might provide protection against CRC in worldwide populations, while MTRR 66G allele might increase the risk of CRC in Caucasians. Since potential confounders could not be ruled out completely, further studies were needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daijun Zhou
- 4th team of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is considered to be a cocarcinogen or a tumor promoter, and various studies have shown a linear dose-dependent association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer. However, a few studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may have a protective effect, similar to that in cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of colorectal cancer to quantity and type of alcohol consumed. DESIGN This was case-control study. SETTINGS The study was conducted in the area of Attica, Greece. PARTICIPANTS A total of 250 consecutive patients with a first diagnosis of colorectal cancer were matched for age group and sex with 250 controls recruited from the community. The mean age was 63 (SD, 12) years for the patient group (147 men, 59%; 103 women, 41%) and 55 (SD, 13) years for the control group (112 men; 44.8%; 138 women, 55.2%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Questionnaires were administered by trained interviewers to assess sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics, in addition to dietary habits and quantity and type of alcoholic beverages usually consumed during the preceding year. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with the MedDietScore (theoretical range, 0-55). RESULTS With intake of less than 12 g of alcohol per day as the reference, moderate alcohol intake (12-35 g/day) was associated with a significantly decreased likelihood of colorectal cancer in men (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16-0.74) and in women (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.91). High alcohol intake (more than 48 g/day) was associated with an increased likelihood, which was significant in men (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.35-8.83) but not in women (OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 0.50-22.92). Drinking red wine was associated with reduced odds of colorectal cancer, significant in men (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23-0.96) but not in women (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.23-1.30). None of the associations between other beverage types and colorectal cancer were significant. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was independently associated with lower odds of colorectal cancer overall (p < 0.001), in men (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.97), and in women (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80-0.94). LIMITATIONS The major limitations of this study included the inability of a case-control design to determine causation and the potential for recall bias. CONCLUSIONS The association between quantity of alcohol consumed and the presence of colorectal cancer followed a J-shaped curve. While demonstrating the detrimental effect of consuming large amounts of alcohol, the results of this study suggest that moderate alcohol consumption exerts a protective effect on colorectal cancer in both men and women, possibly related to the effects of red wine.
Collapse
|
14
|
Prasad VVTS, Wilkhoo H. Association of the functional polymorphism C677T in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene with colorectal, thyroid, breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:422-6. [PMID: 21934341 DOI: 10.1159/000331131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms of the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have been studied widely in various cancers, excluding thyroid cancer. However, reports on the association of various polymorphisms with certain cancers are contradictory. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have investigated whether the prevalence of the most common polymorphism (C677T) in the MTHFR gene has any link with various cancers, using genomic DNA and polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) analysis. RESULTS The frequency of the heterozygous variant (677CT) but not that of 677TT was found to be significantly higher in colorectal cancer cases than in controls (p < 0.039; odds ratio 2.35 and 95% confidence interval 1.02-5.415). The frequencies for 677CT were 11.0 and 5.0% in colorectal cancer samples and controls, respectively. In ovarian cancer, the frequency of the 677TT variant was 6.0% which differed significantly (p < 0.026) from the control value of 1.0%. However, the frequencies of the variants in cervical, thyroid, and breast cancer cases did not differ from controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data taken together with other reports indicates that the polymorphism C677T of MTHFR is a risk factor for developing colorectal cancer but not cervical, thyroid, and breast cancers. The present study also reconfirms that frequencies of the variants are not gender-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidudala V T S Prasad
- Research and Development, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gene polymorphisms involved in folate and methionine metabolism and increased risk of sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:853-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
16
|
Wettergren Y, Odin E, Carlsson G, Gustavsson B. MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR polymorphisms in relation to p16INK4A hypermethylation in mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Med 2010. [PMID: 20549016 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2009-00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently analyzed the hypermethylation status of the p16INK4a (p16) gene promoter in normal-appearing mucosa obtained from patients with colorectal cancer. Hypermethylation of p16 was associated with reduced survival of these patients. In the present study, germ line polymorphisms in the folate- and methyl-associated genes, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase (MTR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), were analyzed in the same patient cohort to find a possible link between these genetic variants and p16 hypermethylation. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood of patients (n = 181) and controls (n = 300). Genotype analyses were run on an ABI PRISM(®) 7900HT sequence-detection system (Applied Biosystems), using real-time polymerase chain reaction and TaqMan chemistry. The results showed that the genotype distributions of the patient and control groups were similar. No significant differences in cancer-specific or disease-free survival of stage I-III patients according to polymorphic variants were detected, nor were any differences in cancer-specific or disease-free survival detected when patients were subgrouped according to the MTHFR or MTR genotype groups and dichotomized by p16 hypermethylation status in mucosa. However, patients with the MTRR 66 AA/AG genotypes were found to have a significantly worse cancer-specific survival when the mucosa were positive, compared with negative, for p16 hypermethylation (hazard ratio 2.7; 95% confidence interval 1.2-6.4; P = 0.023). In contrast, there was no difference in survival among patients with the MTRR 66 GG genotype stratified by p16 hypermethylation status. These results indicate a relationship between genetic germ-line variants of the MTRR gene and p16 hypermethylation in mucosa, which may affect the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Wettergren
- Department of General Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wettergren Y, Odin E, Carlsson G, Gustavsson B. MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR polymorphisms in relation to p16INK4A hypermethylation in mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Med 2010; 16:425-32. [PMID: 20549016 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2009.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently analyzed the hypermethylation status of the p16INK4a (p16) gene promoter in normal-appearing mucosa obtained from patients with colorectal cancer. Hypermethylation of p16 was associated with reduced survival of these patients. In the present study, germ line polymorphisms in the folate- and methyl-associated genes, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase (MTR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), were analyzed in the same patient cohort to find a possible link between these genetic variants and p16 hypermethylation. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood of patients (n = 181) and controls (n = 300). Genotype analyses were run on an ABI PRISM(®) 7900HT sequence-detection system (Applied Biosystems), using real-time polymerase chain reaction and TaqMan chemistry. The results showed that the genotype distributions of the patient and control groups were similar. No significant differences in cancer-specific or disease-free survival of stage I-III patients according to polymorphic variants were detected, nor were any differences in cancer-specific or disease-free survival detected when patients were subgrouped according to the MTHFR or MTR genotype groups and dichotomized by p16 hypermethylation status in mucosa. However, patients with the MTRR 66 AA/AG genotypes were found to have a significantly worse cancer-specific survival when the mucosa were positive, compared with negative, for p16 hypermethylation (hazard ratio 2.7; 95% confidence interval 1.2-6.4; P = 0.023). In contrast, there was no difference in survival among patients with the MTRR 66 GG genotype stratified by p16 hypermethylation status. These results indicate a relationship between genetic germ-line variants of the MTRR gene and p16 hypermethylation in mucosa, which may affect the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Wettergren
- Department of General Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vares M, Saetre P, Deng H, Cai G, Liu X, Hansen T, Rasmussen HB, Werge T, Melle I, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Agartz I, Hall H, Terenius L, Jönsson EG. Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and age of onset in schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2010; 153B:610-618. [PMID: 19746410 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Different lines of evidence indicate that methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) functional gene polymorphisms, causative in aberrant folate-homocysteine metabolism, are associated with increased vulnerability to several heritable developmental disorders. Opposing views are expressed considering the possible association between MTHFR and susceptibility for schizophrenia. In order to evaluate if age of onset could explain some of this discrepancy we investigated the relationship between two functional MTHFR gene polymorphisms and age at onset in this disorder. Scandinavian patients (n = 820) diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophreniform disorder were investigated. Two functional MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1801131 and rs1801133) were genotyped and the effect of MTHFR polymorphisms on the age of onset was examined with survival analysis. In an attempt to replicate the findings from the Scandinavian sample, the association between rs1801133 and age at onset was also analyzed in Chinese high-risk families, with two or more affected siblings (n = 243). Among the Scandinavian patients the functional MTHFR SNP rs1801133 (C677T) significantly affected age at onset of schizophrenia in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.0015), with lower age of onset with increasing numbers of the mutant T-allele. There was no evidence of rs1801131 (A1298C) affecting age of onset in schizophrenia. Within the Chinese high-risk families carriers of the MTHFR 677T allele showed earlier age at onset than siblings being homozygous for the wild-type allele (P = 0.008). The MTHFR C677T polymorphism may play a role as a modifying factor for age of onset in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vares
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Saetre
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Guiqing Cai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xiehe Liu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik B Rasmussen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Section Vinderen, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håkan Hall
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fernández-Peralta AM, Daimiel L, Nejda N, Iglesias D, Medina Arana V, González-Aguilera JJ. Association of polymorphisms MTHFR C677T and A1298C with risk of colorectal cancer, genetic and epigenetic characteristic of tumors, and response to chemotherapy. Int J Colorectal Dis 2010; 25:141-51. [PMID: 19669769 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-009-0779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The enzyme MTHFR plays an important role in folate metabolism, and folate is implicated in carcinogenesis due to its role in DNA methylation, repair, and synthesis. We analyze the relationship of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with biological, clinicopathological, genetic and epigenetic features of tumors, and the patient outcome after treatment with 5-FU-based chemotherapy to determine the contribution of MTHFR genotypes in the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and in the response to therapy. METHODS Genomic DNA of 143 Spanish sporadic CRC and 103 controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. RESULTS The C677T polymorphism has protective effect on CRC showing TT genotype an odds ratios of 0.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-0.32) and the CT of 0.51 (95% CI: 0.3-0.87). MTHFR A1298C polymorphism is not associated with CRC risk. Patients with 1298CC and AC genotypes exhibit worse survival than those with the wild genotype (log rank, p = 0.001), whereas C677T genotypes do not affect patient survival (log rank, p = 0.92). MTHFR 677T allele carriers responded better to 5-FU-based chemotherapy than patients with the wild CC genotype (log rank, p = 0.05). The variant C allele of A1298C affects negatively the response to 5-FU-based chemotherapy (log rank, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS The variant allele of the C677T has a protective effect on CRC development, whereas the variant allele of the A1298C does not produce any effect on disease risk. Both MTHFR polymorphisms are relevant and independent factors of patient outcome after 5FU-based treatment of CRC, and MTHFR genotyping may be of predictive benefit in selecting treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M Fernández-Peralta
- Unidad de Genética, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Taioli E, Garza MA, Ahn YO, Bishop DT, Bost J, Budai B, Chen K, Gemignani F, Keku T, Lima CSP, Le Marchand L, Matsuo K, Moreno V, Plaschke J, Pufulete M, Thomas SB, Toffoli G, Wolf CR, Moore CG, Little J. Meta- and pooled analyses of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer: a HuGE-GSEC review. Am J Epidemiol 2009; 170:1207-21. [PMID: 19846566 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwp275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over 1 million cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) were reported in 2002, with a 50% mortality rate, making CRC the second most common cancer in adults. Certain racial/ethnic populations continue to experience a disproportionate burden of CRC. A common polymorphism in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene has been associated with a lower risk of CRC. The authors performed both a meta-analysis (29 studies; 11,936 cases, 18,714 controls) and a pooled analysis (14 studies; 5,068 cases, 7,876 controls) of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism and CRC, with stratification by racial/ethnic population and behavioral risk factors. There were few studies on different racial/ethnic populations. The overall meta-analysis odds ratio for CRC for persons with the TT genotype was 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 0.90). An inverse association was observed in whites (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.94) and Asians (odds ratio = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.96) but not in Latinos or blacks. Similar results were observed for Asians, Latinos, and blacks in the pooled analysis. The inverse association between the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism and CRC was not significantly modified by smoking status or body mass index; however, it was present in regular alcohol users only. The MTHFR 677TT polymorphism seems to be associated with a reduced risk of CRC, but this may not hold true for all populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Taioli
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pawlik A, Kurzawski M, Gawronska-Szklarz B, Gornik W, Dziedziejko V, Safranow K, Juzyszyn Z, Drozdzik M. The effect of 677C>T and 1298A>C MTHFR polymorphisms on sulfasalazine treatment outcome in rheumatoid arthritis. Braz J Med Biol Res 2009; 42:660-4. [PMID: 19578646 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009000700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of several new agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), sulfasalazine remains the mainstay because of both cost and experience with its use. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is involved in folate metabolism and several polymorphisms have been described in the MTHFR gene. Of these, the 677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms have been associated with altered enzyme activity. To examine the association between 677C>T and 1298A>C MTHFR polymorphisms and sulfasalazine efficacy for the treatment of RA, a total of 117 RA patients treated with sulfasalazine (1 g daily; duration of treatment 17 +/- 5 months) were analyzed. The 677C>T and 1298 A>C polymorphisms were detected using a PCR-RFLP method. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). The remission of RA symptoms was evaluated according to the ACR 20% response criteria. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared by the two-sided Fisher exact test. The frequency of remission was 47.2% and 44.6% in carriers of 677T and 1298C alleles, compared to 40.7% and 42.0% in carriers of 677C and 1298A alleles, respectively. These differences were statistically non-significant. When the multivariate analysis was additionally adjusted for patients' age, gender and RA duration, the association of the MTHFR 677T allele with increased frequency of remission was statistically significant. Although RA remission rate in carriers of the MTHFR 677T and 1298C alleles was more frequently observed, it does not seem that 677C>T and 1298A>C MTHFR polymorphisms have a major influence on treatment outcome in RA patients treated with sulfasalazine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Pawlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheah PY. Recent advances in colorectal cancer genetics and diagnostics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2008; 69:45-55. [PMID: 18774731 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. It is also one of the most curable cancers if detected early. This review classifies the diverse disease subtypes using various parameters including phenotypes of the polyps and describes how recent advances in genetics have impacted on disease diagnostics. For familial syndromes, the discovery of initiating mutations in the germline made personalized medicine a reality. A model linking the main tumorigenesis (Wnt/TGF-beta-BMP/LKB-1/PI3K-AKT) pathways and a strategy for gene testing are proposed. For sporadic CRC, high throughput technology has enabled the discovery of susceptibility loci that increased CRC risk. The ramifications of screening the population for susceptibility loci are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peh Yean Cheah
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Republic of Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Macedonian Population. Balkan J Med Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.2478/v10034-008-0028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Macedonian PopulationMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) regulates the flow of folate groups between DNA synthesis and DNA methylation. A common C677T substitution (Ala222Val) in exon 4 of the MTHFR gene has been linked with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). To assess this risk in the Macedonian population, we conducted a case-control study of 413 randomly selected CRC patients and 185 controls without a clinical diagnosis of CRC. We found a statistically significant inverse association between the MTHFR T allele (35.35% for the patients and 41.35% for the controls) and the CRC risk [odds ratio (OR) 0.776; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.603-0.997;p= 0.047). The prevalence of the MTHFR T allele is lower in patients with advanced CRC (Duke' s stage C and D) and with microsatellite instable tumors (MSI+), indicating the inverse association with the CRC aggressiveness and MSI status. This effect seems to be independent of gender, age of onset and localization. We concluded that the MTHFR 677T allele is more likely to have a protective effect on CRC development and progression in the Macedonian population.
Collapse
|