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Huang H, Lu Z, Fan X, Zhai W, Zhang L, Xu D, Liu Z, Li Y, Ye X, Qin H, Lanza K, Hang Y. Urban heatwave, green spaces, and mental health: A review based on environmental health risk assessment framework. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174816. [PMID: 39019287 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing the framework of environmental health risk assessment and healing, the article reviews the effectiveness and potential of green space systems in mitigating the impact of high temperatures, promoting mental health, and improving the risk characteristics of high-temperature heat waves. We utilized CiteSpace software to conduct a time-zone analysis of the relationship between heatwaves, green spaces, and health using clustered data from 2001 to 2023. This study evaluates the role of green space systems in mitigating high temperatures and enhancing mental health within the environmental health risk assessment framework. Using CiteSpace software, we analyzed literature from 2001 to 2023, focusing on the interactions among heatwaves, green spaces, and health. Our results indicate that most existing research concentrates on hazard identification, with insufficient exploration of the dose-response relationships between green spaces and temperature reduction. Quantitative studies on green space design and spatial optimization are scarce, and guidance on effective configurations remains limited. Additionally, the health impacts of heatwaves vary by region, with a noticeable imbalance in research focus; Asia and Africa, in particular, are underrepresented in studies addressing heatwave effects. We conclude that effective mitigation strategies require: (1) a comprehensive environmental health risk assessment framework that integrates advanced methods like big data analysis and geospatial simulations to improve green space planning and design; (2) further theoretical exploration into the mechanisms by which green spaces regulate temperature and mental health, including detailed analysis of spatiotemporal patterns and the functional optimization of green space structures; and (3) the development of robust parameterized design guidance based on specific therapeutic dosages (green space stimulus) to optimize configurations and enhance the effectiveness of green spaces in mitigating adverse mental health impacts from deteriorating thermal environments. Future research should prioritize underrepresented regions, focusing on exposure levels, dose-response relationships, and high-temperature warning systems while fostering multidisciplinary collaboration to develop effective urban planning and climate adaptation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchun Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 210037, China; School of Architecture & Planning, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zefeng Lu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 210037, China
| | - Xinmei Fan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 210037, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- School of Architecture & Planning, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - Linchun Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 210037, China
| | - Di Xu
- School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiang Su 210029, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Architecture, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Haoming Qin
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Kevin Lanza
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yun Hang
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Yoo EH, Roberts JE. Differential effects of air pollution exposure on mental health: Historical redlining in New York State. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174516. [PMID: 39009165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that ambient air pollution has adverse effects on mental health, yet our understanding of its unequal impact remains limited, especially in areas with historical redlining practices. This study investigates whether the impact of daily fluctuations in ambient air pollutant levels on emergency room (ER) visits for mental disorders (MDs) varies across neighborhoods affected by redlining. Furthermore, we explored how demographic characteristics and ambient temperature may modify the effects of air pollution. To assess the disproportional short-term effects of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 on ER visits across redlining neighborhoods, we used a symmetric bidirectional case-crossover design with a conditional logistic regression model. We analyzed data from 2 million ER visits for MDs between 2005 and 2016 across 17 cities in New York State, where redlining policies were historically implemented. A stratified analysis was performed to examine potential effect modification by individuals' demographic characteristics (sex, age, and race/ethnicity) and ambient temperature. We found that both PM2.5 and NO2 were significantly associated with MD-related ER visits primarily in redlined neighborhoods. Per 10μgm-3 increase in daily PM2.5 and per 10 ppb increase in NO2 concentration were associated with 1.04 % (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 0.57 %, 1.50 %) and 0.44 % (95 % CI: 0.21 %, 0.67 %) increase in MD-related ER visits in redlined neighborhoods, respectively. We also found significantly greater susceptibility among younger persons (below 18 years old) and adults aged 35-64 among residents in grade C or D, but not in A or B. Furthermore, we found that positive and statistically significant associations between increases in air pollutants (PM2.5 and NO2) and MD-related ER visits exist during medium temperatures (4.90 °C to 21.11 °C), but not in low or high temperature. Exposures to both PM2.5 and NO2 were significantly associated with MD-related ER visits, but these adverse effects were disproportionately pronounced in redlined neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Yoo
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - John E Roberts
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Peden AE, Mason HM, King JC, Franklin RC. Examining the relationship between heatwaves and fatal drowning: a case study from Queensland, Australia. Inj Prev 2024; 30:7-13. [PMID: 37678903 DOI: 10.1136/ip-2023-044938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, drowning is a leading cause of injury-related harm, which is heavily impacted by environmental conditions. In Australia, fatal unintentional drowning peaks in summer, yet the impact of prolonged periods of hot weather (heatwave) on fatal drowning has not previously been explored. METHODS Using a case-crossover approach, we examined the difference in drowning risk between heatwave and non-heatwave days for the Australian state of Queensland from 2010 to 2019. Heatwave data, measured by the excess heat factor, were acquired from the Bureau of Meteorology. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated by sex, age of drowning decedent, category of drowning incident (International Classification of Diseases-10 codes) and heatwave severity. Excess drowning mortality during heatwaves was also calculated. RESULTS Analyses reveal increased fatal drowning risk during heatwave for males (IRR 1.22, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.61), people aged 65+ years (IRR 1.36, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.24), unintentional drowning (IRR 1.28, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.69) and during severe heatwaves (IRR 1.26, 95% CI0.88 to 1.82). There were 13 excess drowning deaths due to heatwave over the study period. DISCUSSION The findings confirm an increased risk of fatal drowning during heatwaves. With increased likelihood and severity of heatwaves, this information should be used to inform drowning prevention, in particular the timing of public awareness campaigns and patrolling of supervised aquatic locations. CONCLUSIONS Water safety and patrolling organisations, as well as first responders, need to prepare for more drowning deaths during heatwave conditions. In addition, drowning prevention education ahead of heatwaves is needed for recreational swimmers, and older people, particularly those with comorbidities which may be further exacerbated by a heatwave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Peden
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hannah M Mason
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jemma Chandal King
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard Charles Franklin
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
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Lakhoo DP, Chersich MF, Jack C, Maimela G, Cissé G, Solarin I, Ebi KL, Chande KS, Dumbura C, Makanga PT, van Aardenne L, Joubert BR, McAllister KA, Ilias M, Makhanya S, Luchters S. Protocol of an individual participant data meta-analysis to quantify the impact of high ambient temperatures on maternal and child health in Africa (HE 2AT IPD). BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077768. [PMID: 38262654 PMCID: PMC10824032 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, recognition is growing of the harmful impacts of high ambient temperatures (heat) on health in pregnant women and children. There remain, however, major evidence gaps on the extent to which heat increases the risks for adverse health outcomes, and how this varies between settings. Evidence gaps are especially large in Africa. We will conduct an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis to quantify the impacts of heat on maternal and child health in sub-Saharan Africa. A detailed understanding and quantification of linkages between heat, and maternal and child health is essential for developing solutions to this critical research and policy area. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will use IPD from existing, large, longitudinal trial and cohort studies, on pregnant women and children from sub-Saharan Africa. We will systematically identify eligible studies through a mapping review, searching data repositories, and suggestions from experts. IPD will be acquired from data repositories, or through collaboration with data providers. Existing satellite imagery, climate reanalysis data, and station-based weather observations will be used to quantify weather and environmental exposures. IPD will be recoded and harmonised before being linked with climate, environmental, and socioeconomic data by location and time. Adopting a one-stage and two-stage meta-analysis method, analytical models such as time-to-event analysis, generalised additive models, and machine learning approaches will be employed to quantify associations between exposure to heat and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by ethics committees. There is minimal risk to study participants. Participant privacy is protected through the anonymisation of data for analysis, secure data transfer and restricted access. Findings will be disseminated through conferences, journal publications, related policy and research fora, and data may be shared in accordance with data sharing policies of the National Institutes of Health. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022346068.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshnika Pemi Lakhoo
- Wits RHI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Chris Jack
- Climate System Analysis Group, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Gloria Maimela
- Wits RHI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Guéladio Cissé
- University Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Ijeoma Solarin
- Wits RHI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Kshama S Chande
- Wits RHI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Cherlynn Dumbura
- Centre for Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Prestige Tatenda Makanga
- Centre for Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Place Alert Labs, Department of Surveying and Geomatics, Faculty of the Built Environment, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Lisa van Aardenne
- Climate System Analysis Group, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Bonnie R Joubert
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kimberly A McAllister
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maliha Ilias
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Stanley Luchters
- Centre for Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent Unviersity, Ghent, Belgium
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Sewell K, Paul S, De Polt K, Sugg MM, Leeper RD, Rao D, Runkle JD. Impacts of compounding drought and heatwave events on child mental health: insights from a spatial clustering analysis. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 4:1. [PMID: 38168712 PMCID: PMC10761644 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent heatwave and drought events may have larger health impacts than each event separately; however, no US-based studies have examined differential mental health impacts of compound drought and heatwave events in pediatric populations. OBJECTIVE To examine the spatial patterns of mood disorders and suicide-related emergency department (ED) visits in children during heatwave, drought, and compound heatwave and drought events. We tested whether the occurrence of compound heatwave and drought events have a synergistic (multiplicative) effect on the risk of mental health related outcomes in children as compared to the additive effect of each individual climate hazard. Lastly, we identified household and community-level determinants of geographic variability of high psychiatric burden. METHODS Daily counts of psychiatric ED visits in North Carolina from 2016 to 2019 (May to Sept) for pediatric populations were aggregated at the county scale. Bernoulli cluster analyses identified high-risk spatial clusters of psychiatric morbidity during heatwave, drought, or compound heatwave and drought periods. Multivariate adaptive regression models examined the individual importance of household and community-level determinants in predicting high-risk clustering of mood disorders or suicidality across the three climate threats. RESULTS Results showed significant spatial clustering of suicide and mood disorder risks in children during heatwave, drought, and compound event periods. Periods of drought were associated with the highest likelihood of spatial clustering for suicide and mood disorders, where the risk of an ED visit was 4.48 and 6.32 times higher, respectively, compared to non-drought periods. Compounding events were associated with a threefold increase in both suicide and mood disorder-related ED visits. Community and household vulnerability factors that most contributed to spatial clustering varied across climate hazards, but consistent determinants included residential segregation, green space availability, low English proficiency, overcrowding, no broadband access, no vehicle access, housing vacancy, and availability of housing units. CONCLUSION Findings advance understanding on the locations of vulnerable pediatric populations who are disproportionately exposed to compounding climate stressors and identify community resilience factors to target in public health adaptation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Sewell
- North Carolina Institute of Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sudeshna Paul
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA, 30322-4027, USA
| | - Kelley De Polt
- North Carolina Institute of Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Maggie M Sugg
- Department of Geography & Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Ronald D Leeper
- North Carolina Institute of Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Douglas Rao
- North Carolina Institute of Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute of Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Lo Y, Vosper E, Higgins JP, Howard G. Heat impacts on human health in the Western Pacific Region: an umbrella review. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 42:100952. [PMID: 38022710 PMCID: PMC10652124 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background High temperatures and heatwaves are occurring more frequently and lasting longer because of climate change. A synthesis of existing evidence of heat-related health impacts in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) is lacking. This review addresses this gap. Methods The Scopus and PubMed databases were searched for reviews about heat impacts on mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, respiratory morbidity, dehydration and heat stroke, adverse birth outcomes, and sleep disturbance. The last search was conducted in February 2023 and only publications written in English were included. Primary studies and reviews that did not include specific WPR data were excluded. Data were extracted from 29 reviews. Findings There is strong evidence of heat-related mortality in the WPR, with the evidence concentrating on high-income countries and China. Associations between heat and cardiovascular or respiratory morbidity are not robust. There is evidence of heat-related dehydration and stroke, and preterm and still births in high-income countries in the WPR. Some evidence of sleep disturbance from heat is found for Australia, Japan and China. Interpretation Mortality is by far the most studied and robust health outcome of heat. Future research should focus on morbidity, and lower income countries in continental Asia and Pacific Island States, where there is little review-level evidence. Funding Funded by the World Health Organization WPR Office.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.T.Eunice Lo
- Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol, UK
- Elizabeth Blackwell Institute for Health Research, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Emily Vosper
- Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol, UK
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Julian P.T. Higgins
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West (ARC West) at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Guy Howard
- Cabot Institute for the Environment, University of Bristol, UK
- School of Civil, Aerospace and Design Engineering, University of Bristol, UK
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Wu WJ, Hutton J, Zordan R, Ranse J, Crilly J, Tutticci N, English T, Currie J. Review article: Scoping review of the characteristics and outcomes of adults presenting to the emergency department during heatwaves. Emerg Med Australas 2023; 35:903-920. [PMID: 37788821 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
As a result of climate change heatwaves are expected to increase in frequency and intensity and will have detrimental impacts on human health globally. EDs are often the critical point of care for acute heat illnesses and other conditions associated with heat exposure. Existing literature has focused on heatwave-related hospitalisation and mortality. This scoping review aimed to identify, evaluate and summarise current literature regarding patient characteristics and outcomes of ED admissions from heatwaves. A scoping review of the literature was conducted using six databases: Medline, EMBASE, EMCARE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus, using MeSH terms and keywords related to 'heatwave' and 'Emergency Department'. Articles were included if they were: published in English from January 2000 to August 2021, related to ED, and examined high temperature periods consistent with heatwave criteria. Articles were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Thirty-one studies were included, mostly from the United States, Australia, and France. The study designs include retrospective case analysis, case-control, and time-series analysis. Eight studies examined known heatwaves, 21 used different criteria to identify heatwave occurrence, and two focused on heat-related illness. The selected articles display a moderate-high quality on MMAT. ED admissions for both heat-related illnesses and other conditions increased during heatwaves, with up to 18.5 times risk increase. The risk was elevated for all population groups, and substantially in the elderly, male patients with certain comorbidities, medications, or lower socioeconomic status. Outcomes including hospitalisation and mortality rates after ED admissions showed positive associations with heatwaves. The heatwaves resulting from climate change will place increasing demands on EDs providing care for increasingly susceptible populations. Significant public heatwave planning across multiple sectors is required to reduce the risk of overwhelming EDs with these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Jingyi Wu
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennie Hutton
- Emergency Department, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Zordan
- Education and Learning, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Ranse
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julia Crilly
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Naomi Tutticci
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Timothy English
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Currie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Rojas AJ, Gray CL, West CT. "Measuring the Environmental Context of Child Growth in Burkina Faso". POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT 2023; 45:3. [PMID: 37274602 PMCID: PMC10237046 DOI: 10.1007/s11111-023-00414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Child growth failure, as indicated by low height-for-age z-scores (HAZ), is an important metric of health, social inequality, and food insecurity. Understanding the environmental pathways to this outcome can provide insight into how to prevent it. While other studies have examined the environmental determinants of HAZ, there is no agreed upon best-practices approach to measure the environmental context of this outcome. From this literature, we derive a large set of potential environmental predictors and specifications including temperature and precipitation levels, anomalies, and counts as well as vegetation anomalies and trends, which we include using linear, nonlinear, and interactive specifications. We compare these measures and specifications using four rounds of DHS survey data from Burkina Faso and a large set of fixed effects regression models, focusing on exposures from the time of conception through the second year of life and relying on joint hypothesis tests and goodness-of-fit measures to determine which approach best explains HAZ. Our analysis reveals that nonlinear and interactive transformations of climate anomalies, as opposed to climate levels or vegetation indices, provide the best explanation of child growth failure. These results underline the complex and nonlinear pathways through which climate change affects child health and should motivate climate-health researchers to more broadly adopt measures and specifications that capture these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo J Rojas
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clark L Gray
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Colin Thor West
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Li Y, Varghese BM, Liu J, Bi P, Tong M. Association between High Ambient Temperatures and Road Crashes in an Australian City with Temperate Climate: A Time-Series Study, 2012-2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6000. [PMID: 37297604 PMCID: PMC10252869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: High ambient temperatures are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, and some evidence suggests that high temperatures increase the risk of road crashes. However, little is known regarding the burden of road crashes attributable to no-optimal high temperatures in Australia. Therefore, this study examined the effects of high temperatures on road crashes using Adelaide in South Australia as a case study. (2) Methods: Ten-year daily time-series data on road crashes (n = 64,597) and weather during the warm season (October-March) were obtained between 2012 and 2021. A quasi-Poisson distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to quantify the cumulative effect of high temperatures over the previous five days. The associations and attributable burden at moderate and extreme temperature ranges were computed as relative risk (RR) and attributable fraction. (3) Results: There was a J-shaped association between high ambient temperature and the risk of road crashes during the warm season in Adelaide, and pronounced effects were observed for minimum temperatures. The highest risk was observed at a 1 day lag and lasting for 5 days. High temperatures were responsible for 0.79% (95% CI: 0.15-1.33%) of road crashes, with moderately high temperatures accounting for most of the burden compared with extreme temperatures (0.55% vs. 0.32%). (4) Conclusions: In the face of a warming climate, the finding draws the attention of road transport, policy, and public health planners to design preventive plans to reduce the risk of road crashes attributable to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Li
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | | | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Michael Tong
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, ANU College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Minor T, Sugg M, Runkle JD. Short-term exposure to temperature and mental health in North Carolina: a distributed lag nonlinear analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:573-586. [PMID: 36779999 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Adverse mental health outcomes have been associated with high temperatures in studies worldwide. Few studies explore a broad range of mental health outcomes, and to our knowledge, none are specific to NC, USA. This ecological study explored the relationship between ambient temperature and mental health outcomes (suicide, self-harm and suicide ideation, anxiety and stress, mood disorders, and depression) in six urban counties across the state of NC, USA. We applied a quasi-Poisson generalized linear model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to examine the short-term effects of daily ambient temperature on emergency admissions for mental health conditions (2016 to 2018) and violent deaths (2004 to 2018). The results were predominately insignificant, with some key exceptions. The county with the greatest temperature range (Wake) displays higher levels of significance, while counties with the lowest temperature ranges (New Hanover and Pitt) are almost entirely insignificant. Self-harm and suicidal ideation peak in the warm months (July) and generally exhibit a protective effect at lower temperatures and shorter lag intervals. Whereas anxiety, depression, and major depressive disorders peak in the cooler months (May and September). Suicide is the only outcome that favored a 20-day lag period in the sensitivity analysis, although the association with temperature was insignificant. Our findings suggest additional research is needed across a suite of mental health outcomes to fully understand the effects of temperatures on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Minor
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Margaret Sugg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA.
| | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Asheville, NC, USA
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Hitzebelastung bei Kindern. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Corvetto JF, Helou AY, Dambach P, Müller T, Sauerborn R. A Systematic Literature Review of the Impact of Climate Change on the Global Demand for Psychiatric Services. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1190. [PMID: 36673946 PMCID: PMC9858749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate Change (CC) imposes important global health risks, including on mental health (MH). They are related mostly to psychological suffering caused by climate-related events and to the heat-vulnerability caused by psychiatric disorders. This growing burden may press MH services worldwide, increasing demand on public and private systems in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. According to PRISMA, two independent reviewers searched four databases for papers published before May 2022 that associated climate-related events with healthcare demand for psychiatric conditions. Of the 7432 papers retrieved, we included 105. Only 29 were carried out in low- and middle-income countries. Twelve related the admission numbers to (i) extreme events, while 93 to (ii) meteorological factors-mostly heat. Emergency visits and hospitalizations were significantly higher during hot periods for MH disorders, especially until lag 5-7. Extreme events also caused more consultations. Suicide (completed or attempted), substance misuse, schizophrenia, mood, organic and neurotic disorders, and mortality were strongly affected by CC. This high healthcare demand is evidence of the burden patients may undergo. In addition, public and private services may face a shortage of financial and human resources. Finally, the increased use of healthcare facilities, in turn, intensifies greenhouse gas emissions, representing a self-enforcing cycle for CC. Further research is needed to better clarify how extreme events affect MH services and, in addition, if services in low- and middle-income countries are more intensely demanded by CC, as compared to richer countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Feriato Corvetto
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ammir Yacoub Helou
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Peter Dambach
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Private Clinic Meiringen, 3860 Meiringen, Switzerland
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Sauerborn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Hwang JK, Na JY, Lee KS, Oh JW, Choi YJ. Seasonal differences in the effects of local concentrations of atmospheric substances and meteorological elements on asthma exacerbation of children in metropolitan area, Korea: A 13-year retrospective single-center study. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1028901. [PMID: 37187585 PMCID: PMC10175777 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1028901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Air pollutants contribute to asthma exacerbation, and the types of air pollutants involved in acute asthma exacerbation may differ depending on climate and environmental conditions. This study aimed to identify factors affecting asthma exacerbation in each of the four seasons so that to prevent acute asthma exacerbation and to establish effective treatment strategies for each season. Methods Pediatric patients aged 0-18 years old hospitalized or admitted to the emergency room for asthma exacerbation at Hanyang University Guri Hospital between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2019 were recruited. The number of asthma exacerbations comprised the total number of patients admitted to the emergency room or hospitalized for asthma and treated with systemic steroids. The association between the number of asthma exacerbations/week and average concentrations of atmospheric substances and meteorological elements in that week were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the association between various atmospheric variables and the number of asthma exacerbations. Results The number of asthma exacerbations was found to be associated with the concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 μm in that week in autumn. No atmospheric variables exhibited an association in other seasons. Conclusions Air pollutants and meteorological factors affecting asthma exacerbation vary by season. Moreover, their effects may change via their interaction with each other. The results of this study suggest that it will be helpful to establish differentiated measures for each season to prevent asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyoon Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Na
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Young-Jin Choi
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14
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Cui Y, Yang W, Shuai J, Ma Y, Yan Y. High, low, and non-optimum temperatures exposure on road injuries in a changing climate: a secondary analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11012-11024. [PMID: 36087177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22903-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in the twenty-first century has gradually made high temperatures a major threat to the global population. Health problems associated with extreme temperatures have become a growing public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to estimate road injuries stratified by sex, age, geographic location, and sociodemographic status attribute to high, low, and non-optimal temperatures in 21 regional and global. We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study Results Tool to examine the age-standardized death rates (ASDR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to road injuries in 2019 by Joinpoint regression. In addition, we reported high, low, and non-optimal temperature exposures for road injuries across different groups by gender, age, region, and disease. Moreover, we examined temporal trends in the burden of road disease caused by high, low, and non-optimum temperatures from 1990 to 2019. Trend analyzes were conducted for five sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. Globally, both ASDR and DALY declined from 1990 to 2019, with average annual percent change (AAPC) values of - 1.3% and - 1.2%, respectively. In 2019, the indicators (death and DALYs) steadily declined, while SDI quintile increased in most regions. Road injuries related to death and DALYs rate attributed to high temperatures were 0.17 and 8.50, respectively, in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, DALYs for road injuries caused by low temperatures showed the most significant upward trend in most regions, especially in low-latitude countries. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the road injury burden caused by high, low, and non-optimum temperatures, which remains high in regions with low SDI. Therefore, special attention should be paid to road injuries in poor countries or in areas with extreme temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Wenyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jingliang Shuai
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yulan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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15
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Chaseling GK, Morris NB, Ravanelli N. Extreme Heat and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Australia and New Zealand: What Do We Know? Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:43-51. [PMID: 36424263 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Extreme heat events are a leading natural hazard risk to human health. Under all future climate change models, extreme heat events will continue to increase in frequency, duration, and intensity. Evidence from previous extreme heat events across the globe demonstrates that adverse cardiovascular events are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly amongst the elderly and those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. However, less is understood about the adverse effects of extreme heat amongst specific cardiovascular diseases (i.e., heart failure, dysrhythmias) and demographics (sex, ethnicity, age) within Australia and New Zealand. Furthermore, although Australia has implemented regional and state heat warning systems, most personal heat-health protective advice available in public health policy documents is either insufficient, not grounded in scientific evidence, and/or does not consider clinical factors such as age or co-morbidities. Dissemination of evidence-based recommendations and enhancing community resilience to extreme heat disasters within Australia and New Zealand should be an area of critical focus to reduce the burden and negative health effects associated with extreme heat. This narrative review will focus on five key areas in relation to extreme heat events within Australia and New Zealand: 1) the potential physiological mechanisms that cause adverse cardiovascular outcomes during extreme heat events; 2) how big is the problem within Australia and New Zealand?; 3) what the heat-health response plans are; 4) research knowledge and translation; and, 5) knowledge gaps and areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia K Chaseling
- Engagement and Co-design Research Hub, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; SOLVE-CHD NHMRC Synergy Grant, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nathan B Morris
- Department of Human Physiology & Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
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16
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Ho HC, Lau K, Ren C, Wang D. Systematic identification of heat events associated with emergency admissions to enhance the heat-health action plan in a subtropical city: a data-driven approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89273-89282. [PMID: 35849238 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21963-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
According to the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), a heat-health action plan should address various impacts of hazards at different levels, including an early warning system to monitor risks and behaviour enhancement to increase disaster preparedness. It is necessary to comply with guidelines regarding heat duration/intensity. In this study, we developed a data-driven approach to rapidly and systematically estimate the impacts of various heat events on emergency admissions among the adult population (n = 7,086,966) in Hong Kong in order to enhance the heat-health action plan. Immediate, short-term, and long-term impacts determined by 1-day, 4-day, and 8-day windows were estimated to identify specific heat events suitable for early warnings. In addition, underestimated risk, determined by a continuous increase in heat risk after days without significant emergency admissions, was estimated to evaluate potential maladaptive behaviours among a specific subpopulation. Based on age- and gender-specific analyses, 1D, 1D1N, and 2D2N were observed to have a stronger immediate impact on emergency admissions. 1D1N and 2D2N also showed notable short-term and long-term impacts. Based on heat vulnerability factors (age and gender), 2D2N was a higher-priority extreme heat event for early warning measures than 1D1N. Furthermore, men aged 19 to 64 had the highest underestimated risk. Specifically, they had IRR values of 1.113 [1.087, 1.140], 1.061 [1.035, 1.087], and 1.069 [1.043, 1.095] during lag days 3-5 of 3D2N, respectively, possibly due to a lack of adaptive behaviour. By adopting our approach, the duration of heat events with significant health impacts can be identified in order to further enhance relevant heat stress information. This framework can be applied to other cities with a similar background for rapid assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Chak Ho
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Kevin Lau
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Chao Ren
- Division of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dan Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada
- Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Oshawa, Canada
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17
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Dang TN, Vy NTT, Thuong DTH, Phung D, Van Dung D, Le An P. Main and added effects of heatwaves on hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders in a tropical megacity of Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:59094-59103. [PMID: 35378653 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vietnam is highly vulnerable to climate change-related extreme weather events such as heatwaves. This study assesses the association between heatwaves and hospitalizations due to mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). We collected daily MBD hospital admissions data at the HCMC Mental Health Hospital from 2017 to 2019. Heatwaves effects were characterized into the main effect (i.e., the intensity of temperature during heatwaves) and the added effect (i.e., the duration of heatwaves). Time series Poisson regression coupled with a distributed lag linear model (DLM) was used to quantify the 14-day lags effect of heatwaves. Confounders including long-term trend, seasonality, days of the week, holidays, and relative humidity were included in the model. Heatwaves increased all-cause MBD hospitalization by 62% (95%Cl, 36-93%) for the main effect and by 8% (95% Cl, - 3% to 19%) for the added effect. Noticeably, the group aged 18-60 years old was affected by the main effect of the heatwave, while the group aged 61 years and older was affected by the added effect of the heatwave. The effects of heatwaves differed among groups of MBD hospitalizations. The mental and behavioral disorder group due to psychoactive substance use was significantly affected by the main effect of heatwaves (RR:2.21; 95%Cl:1.55-3.15). The group of schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders were highly vulnerable towards both the main and the added effect of heatwaves with RR = 1.50 (95%CI, 1.20-1.86) and RR = 1.14 (95%CI, 1.01-1.30), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Ngoc Dang
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Thi Tuong Vy
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Hoai Thuong
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Dung Phung
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Do Van Dung
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Pham Le An
- Family Medicine Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
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18
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Mason H, C King J, E Peden A, C Franklin R. Systematic review of the impact of heatwaves on health service demand in Australia. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:960. [PMID: 35902847 PMCID: PMC9336006 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heatwaves have been linked to increased levels of health service demand in Australia. This systematic literature review aimed to explore health service demand during Australian heatwaves for hospital admissions, emergency department presentations, ambulance call-outs, and risk of mortality. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review to explore peer-reviewed heatwave literature published from 2000 to 2020. DATA SOURCES Articles were reviewed from six databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychINFO, ProQuest, Science Direct). Search terms included: heatwave, extreme heat, ambulance, emergency department, and hospital. Studies were included if they explored heat for a period of two or more consecutive days. Studies were excluded if they did not define a threshold for extreme heat or if they explored data only from workers compensation claims and major events. DATA SYNTHESIS This review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (# CRD42021227395 ). Forty-five papers were included in the final review following full-text screening. Following a quality assessment using the GRADE approach, data were extracted to a spreadsheet and compared. Significant increases in mortality, as well as hospital, emergency, and ambulance demand, were found across Australia during heatwave periods. Admissions for cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, mental and behavioural conditions exhibited increases during heatwaves. The most vulnerable groups during heatwaves were children (< 18 years) and the elderly (60+). CONCLUSIONS Heatwaves in Australia will continue to increase in duration and frequency due to the effects of climate change. Health planning is essential at the community, state, and federal levels to mitigate the impacts of heatwaves on health and health service delivery especially for vulnerable populations. However, understanding the true impact of heatwaves on health service demand is complicated by differing definitions and methodology in the literature. The Excess Heat Factor (EHF) is the preferred approach to defining heatwaves given its consideration of local climate variability and acclimatisation. Future research should explore evidence-based and spatially relevant heatwave prevention programs. An enhanced understanding of heatwave health impacts including service demand will inform the development of such programs which are necessary to promote population and health system resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mason
- Discipline of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Jemma C King
- Discipline of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Amy E Peden
- Discipline of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard C Franklin
- Discipline of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
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19
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Mortality Burden of Heatwaves in Sydney, Australia Is Exacerbated by the Urban Heat Island and Climate Change: Can Tree Cover Help Mitigate the Health Impacts? ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Heatwaves are associated with increased mortality and are exacerbated by the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Thus, to inform climate change mitigation and adaptation, we quantified the mortality burden of historical heatwave days in Sydney, Australia, assessed the contribution of the UHI effect and used climate change projection data to estimate future health impacts. We also assessed the potential for tree cover to mitigate against the UHI effect. Mortality (2006–2018) records were linked with census population data, weather observations (1997–2016) and climate change projections to 2100. Heatwave-attributable excess deaths were calculated based on risk estimates from a published heatwave study of Sydney. High resolution satellite observations of UHI air temperature excesses and green cover were used to determine associated effects on heat-related mortality. These data show that >90% of heatwave days would not breach heatwave thresholds in Sydney if there were no UHI effect and that numbers of heatwave days could increase fourfold under the most extreme climate change scenario. We found that tree canopy reduces urban heat, and that widespread tree planting could offset the increases in heat-attributable deaths as climate warming progresses.
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20
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Yoo EH, Roberts JE, Eum Y, Li X, Konty K. Exposure to urban green space may both promote and harm mental health in socially vulnerable neighborhoods: A neighborhood-scale analysis in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112292. [PMID: 34728238 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that exposure to green space can impact mental health, but these effects may be context dependent. We hypothesized that associations between residential green space and mental health can be modified by social vulnerability. METHOD We conducted an ecological cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the effects of green space exposure on mental disorder related emergency room (ER) visits in New York City at the level of census tract. To objectively represent green space exposure at the neighborhood scale, we calculated three green space exposure metrics, namely proximity to the nearest park, percentage of green space, and visibility of greenness. Using Bayesian hierarchical spatial Poisson regression models, we evaluated neighborhood social vulnerability as a potential modifier of greenness-mental disorder associations, while accounting for the spatially correlated structures. RESULTS We found significant associations between green space exposure (involving both proximity and visibility) and total ER visits for mental disorders in neighborhoods with high social vulnerability, but no significant associations in neighborhoods with low social vulnerability. We also identified specific neighborhoods with particularly high ER utilization for mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that exposure to green space is associated with ER visits for mental disorders, but that neighborhood social vulnerability can modify this association. Future research is needed to confirm our finding with longitudinal designs at the level of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Yoo
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - John E Roberts
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Youngseob Eum
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Li
- Department of Geography and Urban Studies, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin Konty
- New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, NYC, NY, USA
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21
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Adams J, Brumby S, Kloot K, Baker T, Mohebbi M. High-Heat Days and Presentations to Emergency Departments in Regional Victoria, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042131. [PMID: 35206318 PMCID: PMC8872328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat kills more Australians than any other natural disaster. Previous Australian research has identified increases in Emergency Department presentations in capital cities; however, little research has examined the effects of heat in rural/regional locations. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine if Emergency Department (ED) presentations across the south-west region of Victoria, Australia, increased on high-heat days (1 February 2017 to 31 January 2020) using the Rural Acute Hospital Data Register (RAHDaR). The study also explored differences in presentations between farming towns and non-farming towns. High-heat days were defined as days over the 95th temperature percentile. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) codes associated with heat-related illness were identified from previous studies. As the region has a large agricultural sector, a framework was developed to identify towns estimated to have 70% or more of the population involved in farming. Overall, there were 61,631 presentations from individuals residing in the nine Local Government Areas. Of these presentations, 3064 (5.0%) were on days of high-heat, and 58,567 (95.0%) were of days of non-high-heat. Unlike previous metropolitan studies, ED presentations in rural south-west Victoria decrease on high-heat days. This decrease was more prominent in the farming cohort; a potential explanation for this may be behavioural adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Adams
- National Centre for Farmer Health, Western District Health Service, Hamilton, VIC 3300, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-5551-8533
| | - Susan Brumby
- National Centre for Farmer Health, Western District Health Service, Hamilton, VIC 3300, Australia;
| | - Kate Kloot
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia;
| | - Tim Baker
- Centre for Rural Emergency Medicine, Deakin University, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia;
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia;
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22
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Liu J, Varghese BM, Hansen A, Borg MA, Zhang Y, Driscoll T, Morgan G, Dear K, Gourley M, Capon A, Bi P. Hot weather as a risk factor for kidney disease outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149806. [PMID: 34467930 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence or exacerbation of kidney disease has been documented as a growing problem associated with hot weather. The implementation of effective prevention measures requires a better understanding of the risk factors that increase susceptibility. To fill gaps in knowledge, this study reviews the current literature on the effects of heat on kidney-disease outcomes (ICD-10 N00-N39), including morbidity and mortality. METHODS Databases were systematically searched for relevant literature published between 1990 and 2020 and the quality of evidence evaluated. We performed random effects meta-analysis to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) of the association between high temperatures (and heatwaves) and kidney disease outcomes. We further evaluated vulnerability concerning contextual population characteristics. RESULTS Of 2739 studies identified, 91 were reviewed and 82 of these studies met the criteria for inclusion in a meta-analysis. Findings showed that with a 1 °C increase in temperature, the risk of kidney-related morbidity increased by 1% (RR 1.010; 95% CI: 1.009-1.011), with the greatest risk for urolithiasis. Heatwaves were also associated with increased morbidity with a trend observed with heatwave intensity. During low-intensity heatwaves, there was an increase of 5.9% in morbidity, while during high-intensity heatwaves there was a 7.7% increase. There were greater RRs for males, people aged ≤64 years, and those living in temperate climate zones. Similarly, for every 1 °C temperature increase, there was a 3% (RR 1.031; 95% CI: 1.018-1.045) increase in the risk of kidney-related mortality, which also increased during heatwaves. CONCLUSIONS High temperatures (and heatwaves) are associated with an elevated risk of kidney disease outcomes, particularly urolithiasis. Preventive measures that may minimize risks in vulnerable individuals during hot spells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Alana Hansen
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew A Borg
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ying Zhang
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Timothy Driscoll
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Morgan
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michelle Gourley
- Burden of Disease and Mortality Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Australia
| | - Anthony Capon
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
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23
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Liang M, Ding X, Yao Z, Duan L, Xing X, Sun Y. Effects of ambient temperature and fall-related injuries in Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, China: a distributed lag nonlinear analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58092-58103. [PMID: 34105075 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the significant economic cost of falls and injuries to individuals and communities, little is known about the impact of meteorological factors on the incidence of fall-related injuries (FRIs). Therefore, a time-series study was conducted to explore the effects of meteorological factors on FRIs in Ma'anshan City, East China. Injury data from 2011 to 2017 were collected from the National Injury Monitoring Station in Ma'anshan City. A distributed lag nonlinear model was used in this study to evaluate the correlation between ambient temperature and fall injuries. The results showed a significant exposure-response relationship between temperature and FRIs in Ma'anshan City. The high temperatures increased the risk of FRIs (RR = 1.110; 95% CI, 1.005-1.225; lag 0). The lag effect appeared at lag 10 (RR = 1.032; 95% CI, 1.003-1.063), and then gradually remained stable after lag 25 (RR = 1.077; 95% CI, 1.045-1.110). The effect of ambient temperature varied with age and gender. The lag effect of high temperature appeared in the male group after lag 15 (RR = 1.042; 95% CI, 1.006-1.079). In contrast, the effect of the female group appeared for the first time at lag 0 (RR = 1.187; 95% CI, 1.042-1.352). And the ≥ 60 years subgroup seemed to be more sensitive in low temperature (RR = 1.017; 95% CI, 1.004-1.031; lag 0; RR = 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000-1.007; lag 25). The cumulative result is similar to the single-day effect. From the results, this study would help the establishment of fall-related injury prediction and provide evidence for the formulation and implementation of preventive strategies and measures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenhai Yao
- Anhui Meteorological Service Center, Anhui Meteorological Bureau, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Leilei Duan
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiuya Xing
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 12560, Fanhua Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Center for Injury Control and Prevention, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Yoo EH, Eum Y, Roberts JE, Gao Q, Chen K. Association between extreme temperatures and emergency room visits related to mental disorders: A multi-region time-series study in New York, USA. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148246. [PMID: 34144243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence suggesting that extreme temperatures have an impact on mental disorders. We aimed to explore the effect of extreme temperatures on emergency room (ER) visits for mental health disorders using 2.8 million records from New York State, USA (2009-2016), and to examine potential effect modifications by individuals' age, sex, and race/ethnicity through a stratified analysis to determine if certain populations are more susceptible. METHOD To assess the short-term impact of daily average temperature on ER visits related to mental disorders, we applied a quasi-Poisson generalized linear model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). The model was adjusted for day of the week, precipitation, as well as long-term and seasonal time trends. We also conducted a meta-analysis to pool the region-specific risk estimates and construct the overall cumulative exposure-response curves for all regions. RESULTS We found positive associations between short-term exposure to extreme heat (27.07 ∘C) and increased ER visits for total mental disorders, as well as substance abuse, mood and anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and dementia. We did not find any statistically significant difference among any subgroups of the population being more susceptible to extreme heat than any other. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that there is a positive association between short-term exposure to extreme heat and increased ER visits for total mental disorders. This extreme effect was also found across all sub-categories of mental disease, although further research is needed to confirm our finding for specific mental disorders, such as dementia, which accounted for less than 1% of the total mental disorders in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Yoo
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Youngseob Eum
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John E Roberts
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Kegel F, Luo OD, Richer S. The Impact of Extreme Heat Events on Emergency Departments in Canadian Hospitals. Wilderness Environ Med 2021; 32:433-440. [PMID: 34364750 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mean daily temperatures in Canada rose 1.7°C between 1948 and 2016, and the frequency, severity, and duration of extreme heat events has increased. These events can exacerbate underlying health conditions, bringing patients to emergency departments (EDs). This retrospective analysis assessed the impact of temperature and humidex on ED volume and length of stay (LOS). METHODS LOS is an indicator of ED overcrowding and system performance. Using daily maximum temperatures and humidex values, this study investigated the impact of mean 3-d temperatures and humidex preceding ED presentation on the median and maximum ED LOS and patient volume in 2 community hospitals in Montreal, Quebec, during the summer months of 2016 to 2018. Data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance with post hoc Fisher least significant difference tests and Spearman correlation tests. RESULTS The mean maximum temperature and humidex were 26.1°C and 30.4°C, respectively (n=276 d). Mean 3-d temperatures ≥30°C were associated with higher daily ED volumes in both hospitals (138 vs 121, P=0.002 and 132 vs 125, P=0.03) and with increased median LOS at 1 hospital (8.9 vs 7.6 h, P=0.03). Mean 3-d humidex ≥35 was associated with higher daily ED volumes at both hospitals as well (136 vs 123, P=0.01 and 133 vs 125, P=0.009) with an increased median LOS at 1 hospital (8.6 vs 6.9 h, P=0.0001) with humidex values of 25 to 29.9°C. CONCLUSIONS Heat events were associated with increased ED presentations and LOS. This study suggests that a warming climate can impede emergency service provision by increasing the demand for and delaying timely care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Kegel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Owen D Luo
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Signe Richer
- Verdun Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Liu J, Varghese BM, Hansen A, Xiang J, Zhang Y, Dear K, Gourley M, Driscoll T, Morgan G, Capon A, Bi P. Is there an association between hot weather and poor mental health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106533. [PMID: 33799230 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health is an important public health issue globally. A potential link between heat exposure and mental health outcomes has been recognised in the scientific literature; however, the associations between heat exposure (both high ambient temperatures and heatwaves) and mental health-related mortality and morbidity vary between studies and locations. OBJECTIVE To fill gaps in knowledge, this systematic review aims to summarize the epidemiological evidence and investigate the quantitative effects of high ambient temperatures and heatwaves on mental health-related mortality and morbidity outcomes, while exploring sources of heterogeneity. METHODS A systematic search of peer-reviewed epidemiological studies on heat exposure and mental health outcomes published between January 1990 and November 2020 was conducted using five databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO). We included studies that examined the association between high ambient temperatures and/or heatwaves and mental health-related mortality and morbidity (e.g. hospital admissions and emergency department visits) in the general population. A range of mental health conditions were defined using ICD-10 classifications. We performed random effects meta-analysis to summarize the relative risks (RRs) in mental health outcomes per 1 °C increase in temperature, and under different heatwaves definitions. We further evaluated whether variables such as age, sex, socioeconomic status, and climate zone may explain the observed heterogeneity. RESULTS The keyword search yielded 4560 citations from which we identified 53 high temperatures/heatwaves studies that comprised over 1.7 million mental health-related mortality and 1.9 million morbidity cases in total. Our findings suggest associations between heat exposures and a range of mental health-related outcomes. Regarding high temperatures, our meta-analysis of study findings showed that for each 1 °C increase in temperature, the mental health-related mortality and morbidity increased with a RR of 1.022 (95%CI: 1.015-1.029) and 1.009 (95%CI: 1.007-1.015), respectively. The greatest mortality risk was attributed to substance-related mental disorders (RR, 1.046; 95%CI: 0.991-1.101), followed by organic mental disorders (RR, 1.033; 95%CI: 1.020-1.046). A 1 °C temperature rise was also associated with a significant increase in morbidity such as mood disorders, organic mental disorders, schizophrenia, neurotic and anxiety disorders. Findings suggest evidence of vulnerability for populations living in tropical and subtropical climate zones, and for people aged more than 65 years. There were significant moderate and high heterogeneities between effect estimates in overall mortality and morbidity categories, respectively. Lower heterogeneity was noted in some subgroups. The magnitude of the effect estimates for heatwaves varied depending on definitions used. The highest effect estimates for mental health-related morbidity was observed when heatwaves were defined as "mean temperature ≥90th percentile for ≥3 days" (RR, 1.753; 95%CI: 0.567-5.421), and a significant effect was also observed when the definition was "mean temperature ≥95th percentile for ≥3 days", with a RR of 1.064 (95%CI: 1.006-1.123). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis of a positive association between elevated ambient temperatures and/or heatwaves and adverse mental health outcomes. This problem will likely increase with a warming climate, especially in the context of climate change. Further high-quality studies are needed to identify modifying factors of heat impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Alana Hansen
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia; School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michelle Gourley
- Burden of Disease and Mortality Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Australia
| | - Timothy Driscoll
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Morgan
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony Capon
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
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Fortington L, Gamage P, Cartwright A, Bugeja L. Exertional heat fatalities in Australian sport and recreation. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 24:787-792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yoo EH, Eum Y, Gao Q, Chen K. Effect of extreme temperatures on daily emergency room visits for mental disorders. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39243-39256. [PMID: 33751353 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Relatively few studies investigated the effects of extreme temperatures (both heat and cold) on mental health (ICD-9: 290-319; ICD-10: F00-F99) and the potential effect modifications by individuals' age, sex, and race. We aimed to explore the effect of extreme temperatures of both heat and cold on the emergency room (ER) visits for mental health disorders, and conducted a stratified analysis to identify possible susceptible population in Erie and Niagara counties, NY, USA. To assess the short-term impacts of daily maximum temperature on ER visits related to mental disorders (2009-2015), we applied a quasi-Poisson generalized linear model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). The model was adjusted for day of the week, precipitation, long-term time trend, and seasonality. We found that there were positive associations between short-term exposure to extreme ambient temperatures and increased ER visits for mental disorders, and the effects can vary by individual factors. We found heat effect (relative risk (RR) = 1.16; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.06-1.27) on exacerbated mental disorders became intense in the study region and subgroup of population (the elderly) being more susceptible to extreme heat than any other age group. For extreme cold, we found that there is a substantial delay effect of 14 days (RR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.08-1.45), which is particularly burdensome to the age group of 50-64 years old and African-Americans. Our findings suggest that there is a positive association between short-term exposure to extreme ambient temperature (heat and cold) and increased ER visits for mental disorders, and the effects vary as a function of individual factors, such as age and race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Yoo
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Youngseob Eum
- Department of Geography, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Shao M, Yu L, Xiao C, Deng J, Yang H, Xu W, Chen Y, Liu X, Ni J, Pan F. Short-term effects of ambient temperature and pollutants on the mortality of respiratory diseases: A time-series analysis in Hefei, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112160. [PMID: 33773152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The air pollution has become an important environmental health problem due to its adverse health effect. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ambient temperature and pollutants on mortality of respiratory diseases (RD) in Hefei, China, a typical inland city. METHODS Nonlinear exposure-response dependencies and delayed effects of urban daily mean temperature (DMT) and pollutants were evaluated by distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM). To further explore this effect, different genders and ages were also examined by stratified analysis. RESULTS A total of 12876 deaths from RD were collected from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 in Hefei, China. There was a U-shaped correlation between DMT and RD mortality, and the RD mortality rised by 11.6% (95% CI: 2.2-22.0%) when the DMT was 35.8 °C (reference temperature is 20 °C). The results show that risk of death with short-term exposure to elevated concentrations of PM10 and SO2 was not significant. The maximum hysteresis and cumulative relative risk (RR) of RD mortality were 1.012 (95% CI: 1.003 ~ 1.021, lag 0 day) and 1.072 (95% CI: 1.014 ~1.133, lag 10 days) for each 10 μg/m3 augment in NO2; 1.005 (95% CI: 1.001-1.009, lag 0 day) and 1.027 (95% CI: 1.004-1.051, lag 10 days) for each 10 μg/m3 augment in O3; a negative association between CO exposure and the cumulative risk of death was observed (RR = 0.964, 95% CI: 0.935-0.993, lag 07 days). Subgroup analysis showed the effect of high temperatures, NO2, O3 and CO exposure was still statistically significant for the elderly and male. CONCLUSION The present study found that short-term exposure to high temperature, NO2, O3 and CO were significantly associated with the risk of RD mortality and male as well as elderly are more susceptible to these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lingxiang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 86 Luan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jixiang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xuxiang Liu
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 86 Luan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jindong Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Xincheng Road, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Liang M, Zhao D, Wu Y, Ye P, Wang Y, Yao Z, Bi P, Duan L, Sun Y. Short-term effects of ambient temperature and road traffic accident injuries in Dalian, Northern China: A distributed lag non-linear analysis. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2021; 153:106057. [PMID: 33647596 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although traffic accidents cause considerable economic losses and injuries to individuals, families, and communities, little is known about the impact of meteorological factors on the incidence of traffic accident injuries (TAIs). Therefore, a time-series study was conducted to explore the effect of meteorological variables on TAIs in Dalian, Northern China. METHODS Poisson generalized linear models (PGLM) combined with distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNM) were used to estimate the association between daily TAIs and ambient temperature in Dalian, China, 2015-2017. The injury data collected by Dalian national injury surveillance hospitals, and meteorological data were extracted and accumulated from the National Meteorological Information Center. Modified the model with variables such as pressure, humidity, precipitation, PM2.5, SO2, O3, day of the week, seasonality, and time trend. In the subgroup analysis, the modification effects of gender and age were also examined. RESULTS Both high temperatures (RR = 1.198, 95%CI:1.017-1.411) and low temperatures (RR = 1.017, 95%CI:1.001-1.035) increased the risk of TAIs. The cumulative lag effect would last until after the 7th day. While the 40-59 years subgroup seemed to be more vulnerable in high temperature environments, those who are more than 60 years showed higher TAIs in low temperatures for both single-day and cumulative TAI risks. CONCLUSIONS Identifying the association between ambient temperature and traffic injuries could provide needed scientific evidence for relevant public health actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yile Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pengpeng Ye
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhenhai Yao
- Anhui Meteorological Service Center, Anhui Meteorological Bureau, No. 16 Shihe Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Leilei Duan
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China; Center for Injury Control and Prevention, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Helldén D, Andersson C, Nilsson M, Ebi KL, Friberg P, Alfvén T. Climate change and child health: a scoping review and an expanded conceptual framework. Lancet Planet Health 2021; 5:e164-e175. [PMID: 33713617 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change can have detrimental effects on child health and wellbeing. Despite the imperative for a fuller understanding of how climate change affects child health and wellbeing, a systematic approach and focus solely on children (aged <18 years) has been lacking. In this Scoping Review, we did a literature search on the impacts of climate change on child health from January, 2000, to June, 2019. The included studies explicitly linked an alteration of an exposure to a risk factor for child health to climate change or climate variability. In total, 2970 original articles, reviews, and other documents were identified, of which 371 were analysed. Employing an expanded framework, our analysis showed that the effects of climate change on child health act through direct and indirect pathways, with implications for determinants of child health as well as morbidity and mortality from a range of diseases. This understanding can be further enhanced by using a broader range of research methods, studying overlooked populations and geographical regions, investigating the costs and benefits of mitigation and adaptation for child health, and considering the position of climate change and child health within the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Present and future generations of children bear and will continue to bear an unacceptably high disease burden from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Helldén
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Camilla Andersson
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Nilsson
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kristie L Ebi
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Friberg
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Alfvén
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lee H, Myung W, Kim H, Lee EM, Kim H. Association between ambient temperature and injury by intentions and mechanisms: A case-crossover design with a distributed lag nonlinear model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141261. [PMID: 32745866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although injury is a leading cause of death worldwide, the association between ambient temperature and injury has received little research attention compared to the association of temperature with mortality and morbidity from non-external causes. With current climate change and increases in weather extremes, assessing the association between temperature and injury is important for determining public health priorities. Therefore, the present study examined the association between ambient temperature and injury risk with a focus on the intentions and mechanisms of injury. Using the national emergency database, we identified a total of 703,503 injured patients who had visited emergency departments in Seoul, South Korea from 2008 to 2016. We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study using a conditional Poisson regression model, and applied a distributed lag nonlinear model to explore possible nonlinear and delayed effects of daily mean temperature on injury risk. Injury risk was significantly associated with ambient temperature, and temperature-injury association curves markedly differed with respect to intentions and mechanisms of injury. Although unintentional injuries increased significantly at both high and low temperatures, intentional injuries - including self-harm and assault - significantly increased only at high temperatures. The mechanism-specific analyses showed that injuries caused by traffic accidents and burns significantly increased at both high and low temperatures. However, injuries caused by all other mechanisms (i.e., fall, blunt object, machinery, penetration, and poisoning) significantly increased only at high temperatures, while injury due to slipping increased at low temperatures. Our study provides evidence that ambient temperature is associated with risk of injury, and this association differs depending on the intentions and mechanisms of injury. Overall, our findings help foster a more comprehensive understanding of the association between temperature and injury that can be used to establish appropriate public health policies and targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Lee
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyekyeong Kim
- Department of Health Convergence, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Liang T, Niu J, Zhang S, Song Q, Zhou J. Effects of high-temperature heat wave and ozone on hypertensive rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:1039-1050. [PMID: 32440829 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat waves and ozone on hypertensive rats. Heat wave and ozone pollution were simulated on the Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System. Eighteen hypertensive rats were randomly divided into a control group, an ozone group, and a heat wave plus ozone group. The experimental groups were transferred to the exposure system for exposure to the ozone and heat wave plus ozone. After exposure, blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta, and the hearts were harvested in all groups. The concentrations of inflammatory factors, vasomotion factors, cardiovascular risk factors, oxidative stress and thrombosis factors and heat stress factors in heart tissue were measured in each rat. Ozone exposure and heat wave plus ozone exposure increased the levels of inflammatory factors, thrombosis factors, vasomotion factors and cardiovascular risk factors, except for HDL-C, which was reduced. Moreover, experimental exposure increased the heat stress factors and oxidative stress, except for SOD, which was decreased. These data demonstrated that both ozone exposure and heat wave plus ozone exposure could adversely affect hypertensive rats, and that heat wave may enhance the toxic effect of ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuyu Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Ecological Environment of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China.
| | | | - Ji Zhou
- Yangtze River Delta Environmental Weather Forecast Center, Shanghai, 200000, China
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Campbell SL, Remenyi TA, Williamson GJ, White CJ, Johnston FH. The Value of Local Heatwave Impact Assessment: A Case-Crossover Analysis of Hospital Emergency Department Presentations in Tasmania, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193715. [PMID: 31581630 PMCID: PMC6801666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heatwaves have been identified as a threat to human health, with this impact projected to rise in a warming climate. Gaps in local knowledge can potentially undermine appropriate policy and preparedness actions. Using a case-crossover methodology, we examined the impact of heatwave events on hospital emergency department (ED) presentations in the two most populous regions of Tasmania, Australia, from 2008–2016. Using conditional logistic regression, we analyzed the relationship between ED presentations and severe/extreme heatwaves for the whole population, specific demographics including age, gender and socio-economic advantage, and diagnostic conditions that are known to be impacted in high temperatures. ED presentations increased by 5% (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09) across the whole population, by 13% (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24) for children 15 years and under, and by 19% (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04–1.36) for children 5 years and under. A less precise association in the same direction was found for those over 65 years. For diagnostic subgroups, non-significant increases in ED presentations were observed for asthma, diabetes, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. These findings may assist ED surge capacity planning and public health preparedness and response activities for heatwave events in Tasmania, highlighting the importance of using local research to inform local practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Campbell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 1 Liverpool St, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
- Public Health Services, Department of Health (Tasmania), 25 Argyle St, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Tomas A Remenyi
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Grant J Williamson
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
| | - Christopher J White
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK.
| | - Fay H Johnston
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 1 Liverpool St, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
- Public Health Services, Department of Health (Tasmania), 25 Argyle St, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
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Does Particulate Matter Modify the Short-Term Association between Heat Waves and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Diseases in Greater Sydney, Australia? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183270. [PMID: 31492044 PMCID: PMC6765779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential interactive effects of heat waves and ambient particulate matter on cardiovascular morbidity. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to examine whether particulate matter (PM10) modifies the association between heat waves and emergency hospital admissions for six cardiovascular diseases in Greater Sydney, Australia during the warm season for 2001–2013. We estimated and compared the effect of heat waves on high- and low-level PM10 days at lag0–lag2, adjusting for dew-point temperature, ambient ozone, ambient nitrogen dioxide, and public holidays. We also investigated the susceptibility of both younger (0–64 years) and older populations (65 years and above), and tested the sensitivity of three heat wave definitions. Stronger heat wave effects were observed on high- compared to low-level PM10 days for emergency hospital admissions for cardiac arrest for all ages combined, 0–64 years and 65 years and above; conduction disorders for 0–64 years; and hypertensive diseases for all ages combined and 0–64 years. Overall, we found some evidence to suggest that PM10 may modify the association between heat waves and hospital admissions for certain cardiovascular diseases, although our findings largely differed across disease, age group, lag, and heat wave definition.
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Lin CH, Chen SH, Chang CP, Lin KC. Hypothalamic impairment underlying heat intolerance in pregnant mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 492:110439. [PMID: 31071379 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pregnant women are vulnerable to heat stroke reactions caused by high environmental temperatures. Heat intolerance is associated with hypothalamic impairment. Here, we aim to ascertain whether pregnancy causes heat intolerance by inducing hypothalamic impairment in mice. In the heated groups, mice were exposed to whole body heating (WBH; 41.2 °C for 1 h) in an environment-controlled chamber. Then, they were returned to normal room temperature (26 °C) immediately after WBH. In the hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2T) groups, mice were exposed to 100% O2 at 2.0 atm absolute (ATA) for 4 h immediately post-WBH. Mice that survived after 4 h of WBH were considered survivors. Here, we show that when pregnant mice underwent non-HBO2T (21% O2 at 1.0 ATA for 4 h) after WBH, the survival rate was 4/20, and the core temperature at 4 h post-WBH was 31.2 ± 0.2 °C. Both the survival rate and core temperature of HBO2T pregnant mice (10/10 and 35.2 ± 0.3 °C, respectively) were significantly greater than those in non-HBO2T pregnant mice. Compared to non-HBO2T heated mice, the HBO2T heated mice exhibited lower neurological severity scores, reduced hypothalamic neuronal damage, fewer apoptotic cells, reduced multiorgan damage scores, and lower hypothalamic levels of proinflammatory cytokines and nitrogen and oxygen radical species. Compared to non-HBO2T heated mice, the HBO2T-treated heated mice had significantly higher hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (evidenced by higher serum levels of both adrenocorticotrophic hormone and corticosterone). In conclusion, pregnancy induces heat intolerance by inducing hypothalamic impairment in mice. Additionally, HBO2T protects against heat intolerance in pregnant mice by preserving hypothalamic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Kao-Chang Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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Sugg MM, Dixon PG, Runkle JD. Crisis support-seeking behavior and temperature in the United States: Is there an association in young adults and adolescents? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 669:400-411. [PMID: 30884264 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence demonstrates the relationship between high temperatures and adverse mental health outcomes. Yet, no study has examined the influence of temperature on crisis support-seeking behavior among youth in large urban areas. METHODS Crisis Text Line (CTL) is a text messaging service that provides crisis interventions for support-seeking individuals for a range of mental-health outcomes in the United States. We applied a distributed lag non-linear modeling technique to assess the short-term impacts of daily maximum and minimum temperature on crisis-related events in four metropolitan locations in the USA. RESULTS There were multiple positive associations in three of the four study locations that demonstrate crisis help-seeking behavior increased during anomalously warm conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that there is a significant association between high minimum or maximum temperatures and crisis help-seeking behaviors in young adults and adolescents in urban areas in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Sugg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, P.O. Box 32066, Boone, NC 28608, United States of America.
| | - P Grady Dixon
- Werth College of Science, Technology, and Mathematics, Fort Hays State University, 600 Park Street, Hays, KS 67601-4099, United States of America.
| | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801, United States of America,.
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Cui L, Geng X, Ding T, Tang J, Xu J, Zhai J. Impact of ambient temperature on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Hefei City, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:723-734. [PMID: 30852664 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have quantified the hospitalization risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by temperature, but the results of most studies are not consistent. In this study, we evaluate the effect of temperature on CVD hospitalizations. We use a quasi-Poisson regression with a distributed-lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to evaluate the effect of temperature on CVD hospitalizations between July 1, 2015, and October 31, 2017, in Hefei City, China. We found that the cold effect and heat effect of temperature can impact CVD hospital admissions. Compared with the 25th percentile of temperature (10.3 °C), the cumulative relative risk (RR) of extremely low temperature (first percentile of temperature, 0.075 °C) over lags 0-27 days was 0.616 (95% CI 0.423-0.891), and the cumulative RR of moderate low temperature (10th percentile of temperature, 5.16 °C) was 1.081 (95% CI 1.019-1.147) over lags 0-7 days. Compared with the 75th percentile of temperature (25.6 °C), the cumulative RR of extremely high temperature (99th percentile of temperature, 33.7 °C) was 1.078 (95% CI 0.752-1.547) over lags 0-27 days, and the cumulative RR of moderate-high temperature (90th percentile of temperature, 29.0 °C) was 1.015 (95% CI 0.988-1.043) over lag 0 day. In the subgroup, the < 65-year group and male were more susceptible to low temperature; however, the ≥ 65-year group and female were more vulnerable to high temperature. The high temperature's impact on CVD hospital admissions was found to be more obvious in female and the ≥ 65-year group compared to male and the < 65-year group. However, the < 65-year group and men are more sensitive to low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiang Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiya Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jinxia Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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Watson KE, Gardiner KM, Singleton JA. The impact of extreme heat events on hospital admissions to the Royal Hobart Hospital. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019; 42:333-339. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Extreme heat (EH) events are increasing in frequency and duration and cause more deaths in Australia than any other extreme weather event. Consequently, EH events lead to an increase in the number of patient presentations to hospitals.
Methods
Climatic observations for Hobart’s region and Royal Hobart Hospital (RHH) emergency department admissions data were collected retrospectively for the study period of 2003–2010. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was fitted using a generalized linear model with quasi-Poisson family to obtain adjusted estimates for the relationship between temperature and the relative risk of being admitted to the RHH.
Results
The model demonstrated that relative to the annual mean temperature of 14°C, the relative risk of being admitted to the RHH for the years 2003–2010 was significantly higher for all temperatures above 27°C (P < 0.05 in all cases). The peak effect upon admission was noted on the same day as the EH event, however, the model suggests that a lag effect exists, increasing the likelihood of admission to the RHH for a further 14 days.
Conclusions
To relieve the added burden on emergency departments during these events, adaptation strategies adopted by public health organizations could include preventative health initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Watson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Kyle M Gardiner
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
| | - Judith A Singleton
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, Australia
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40
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Assessing the Heat Vulnerability of Different Local Climate Zones in the Old Areas of a Chinese Megacity. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11072032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Frequent and extreme heat waves have strongly influenced the sustainable development of cities and resulted in a higher level of mortality in residents. Using the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) classification scheme, combined with the factors of land surface temperature (LST), building age (BA), and housing price (HP), and the normalized values of which represent heat exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability, respectively, this paper investigates a practical method for assessing the heat vulnerability of different LCZ classes in the old areas of a Chinese megacity, taking the Yuzhong district of Chongqing city as a case study. The results reveal that the distribution of LCZ classes in this study area exhibits a typical circle-layer distribution pattern from the city center to the suburbs. Heavy industry areas are the most vulnerable, with the highest exposure to heat waves, the oldest building age and the lowest housing price. Compact class areas (compact high-rise, compact mid-rise and compact low-rise) are usually more vulnerable than open class areas (open high-rise, open mid-rise, and open low-rise) and low-rise buildings are always more susceptible to heat waves than mid-rise and high-rise buildings. The methods and findings can help us to better understand the comprehensive and space–time action rules of heat vulnerability, thereby inspiring scientific and rational urban planning strategies to mitigate or adapt to urban heat weaves towards the sustainable development of cities and society.
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Borg M, Nitschke M, Williams S, McDonald S, Nairn J, Bi P. Using the excess heat factor to indicate heatwave-related urinary disease: a case study in Adelaide, South Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:435-447. [PMID: 30687904 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The excess heat factor (EHF) is being adopted nationally for heatwave forecasting in Australia, but there is limited research utilizing it as a predictor for heat-related morbidity from diseases of the urinary system (urinary diseases). In this study, the incidence of eight temperature-prone specific urinary disease categories was analyzed in relation to the EHF. Daily data for maximum and minimum temperature and data for metropolitan hospital emergency department presentations and inpatient admissions for urinary disease were acquired in Adelaide, South Australia, from 1 July 2003 to 31 March 2014. An increased incidence for urolithiasis, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, and lower urinary tract infections was associated with the EHF. Using the Australian national heatwave definition with the EHF, emergency department presentations increased on heatwave days compared to non-heatwave days for total urinary disease (IRR 1.046, 95% CI 1.016-1.076), urolithiasis (IRR 1.106, 95% 1.046-1.169), and acute kidney injury (AKI) (IRR 1.416, 95% CI 1.258-1.594). Likewise, inpatient admissions increased for total urinary disease (IRR 1.090, 95% CI 1.048-1.133) and AKI (IRR 1.335, 95% CI 1.204-1.480). The EHF is a reliable metric for predicting heat-induced morbidity from urinary disease. Climate change-related elevations in temperature can increase morbidity from urinary disease, especially AKI and urolithiasis. Diseases of the urinary system should be highlighted when providing public health guidance during heatwaves indicated by the EHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Borg
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Monika Nitschke
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen McDonald
- The Central Northern Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Nairn
- South Australian State Office, Bureau of Meteorology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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Tian L, Yang C, Zhou Z, Wu Z, Pan X, Clements ACA. Spatial patterns and effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on hospitalization for chronic lung diseases in Beijing, China. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1381-1388. [PMID: 30671885 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer (LC) and tuberculosis (TB) are common chronic lung diseases that generate a large disease burden and significant health care resource use in China. The aim of this study was to quantify spatial patterns and effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on hospitalization of COPD, LC and TB in Beijing. Daily counts of hospitalization for 2010 were obtained from the Beijing Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) system. Bayesian hierarchical Poisson regression models were applied to identify spatial patterns of hospitalization for COPD, LC and TB at the district level and explore associations with inhalable particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter <10 μm, PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), mean temperature and relative humidity. There were 18,882, 14,295 and 2,940 counts of hospitalizations for COPD, LC and TB respectively, in Beijing in 2010. Clusters of high relative risk were in different locations for the three diseases. The effect of relative humidity on COPD hospitalization was most significant with a relative risk (RR) of 1.070 (95%CI: 1.054, 1.086) per one percent increase. For lung cancer hospitalization, exposure to ambient SO2 was associated with a RR of 1.034 (95%CI: 1.011, 1.058) per μg m-3 increase. For tuberculosis, the effect of mean temperature was significant with a RR of 1.107 (95%CI: 1.038, 1.180) per °C increase. Risk factors and spatial patterns were different for hospitalization of non-infectious and infectious chronic lung disease in Beijing. Even over a short time period (one year), associations were apparent with air pollution and meteorological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute for Packaging Materials and Pharmaceutical Excipients Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100150, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ziting Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaochuan Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Archie C A Clements
- Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Qld, 4006, Australia
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Liu X, Liu H, Fan H, Liu Y, Ding G. Influence of Heat Waves on Daily Hospital Visits for Mental Illness in Jinan, China-A Case-Crossover Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:ijerph16010087. [PMID: 30598018 PMCID: PMC6339177 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Given that more frequent and intensive extreme heat events have been projected based on climate change modeling, it is of significance to have a better understanding of the association between heat waves and mental illnesses. This study aimed to explore the effects of heat waves on daily hospital visits for mental illness in the summer of 2010 in Jinan, China. Methods: A symmetric bidirectional case-crossover study was firstly conducted to determine the relationship between daily hospital visits for mental illness and heat waves in Jinan in 2010. Multifactor logistic regression analysis was then used to analyze the influencing factors for daily hospital visits for mental illness during the heat wave periods. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that the heat wave events were associated with an increased risk of mental illness. The largest odds ratios (ORs) of the heat waves for daily hospital visits for mental illness were 2.231 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.436–3.466) at a 3-day lag, 2.836 (95% CI: 1.776–4.525) at a 2-day lag, 3.178 (95% CI: 1.995–5.064) at a 3-day lag, and 2.988 (95% CI: 2.158–4.140) at a 2-day lag for the first, second, third, and fourth heat waves, respectively. The elderly, urban residents, outdoor workers, and singles may be high-risk populations for developing heat wave-related mental illness. Conclusions: Our study has supported that there is a positive association between heat waves and hospital visits for mental illness in the study site. Age, home address, occupation, and marital status were associated with daily hospital visits for mental illness during the heat wave periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Office of Asset and Laboratory Management, Shandong Yingcai University, Jinan 250104, China.
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
| | - Yizhi Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
| | - Guoyong Ding
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, China.
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Varghese BM, Hansen A, Nitschke M, Nairn J, Hanson-Easey S, Bi P, Pisaniello D. Heatwave and work-related injuries and illnesses in Adelaide, Australia: a case-crossover analysis using the Excess Heat Factor (EHF) as a universal heatwave index. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2018; 92:263-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-018-1376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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The Impact of Heat Waves on Emergency Department Admissions in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071436. [PMID: 29986505 PMCID: PMC6068980 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Heat waves have been linked to increases in emergency-related morbidity, but more research is needed on the demographic and disease-specific aspects of these morbidities. Using a case-crossover approach, over 700,000 daily emergency department hospital admissions in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. from 2005–2016 are compared between warm season heat wave and non-heat wave periods. Heat waves are defined based on the exceedance, for at least three consecutive days, of two apparent temperature thresholds (35 °C and 37 °C) that account for 3 and 6% of the period of record. Total admissions and admissions for whites, blacks, males, females, and 20–49 years old are significantly elevated during heat waves, as are admissions related to a variety of diagnostic categories, including diabetes, pregnancy complications, and injuries and poisoning. Evidence that heat waves raise emergency department admissions across numerous demographic and disease categories suggests that heat exerts comorbidity influences that extend beyond the more well-studied direct relationships such as heat strokes and cardiac arrest.
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Ho HC, Wong MS, Yang L, Shi W, Yang J, Bilal M, Chan TC. Spatiotemporal influence of temperature, air quality, and urban environment on cause-specific mortality during hazy days. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 112:10-22. [PMID: 29245038 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Haze is an extreme weather event that can severely increase air pollution exposure, resulting in higher burdens on human health. Few studies have explored the health effects of haze, and none have investigated the spatiotemporal interaction between temperature, air quality and urban environment that may exacerbate the adverse health effects of haze. We investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of haze effects and explored the additional effects of temperature, air pollution and urban environment on the short-term mortality risk during hazy days. We applied a Poisson regression model to daily mortality data from 2007 through 2014, to analyze the short-term mortality risk during haze events in Hong Kong. We evaluated the adverse effect on five types of cause-specific mortality after four types of haze event. We also analyzed the additional effect contributed by the spatial variability of urban environment on each type of cause-specific mortality during a specific haze event. A regular hazy day (lag 0) has higher all-cause mortality risk than a day without haze (odds ratio: 1.029 [1.009, 1.049]). We have also observed high mortality risks associated with mental disorders and diseases of the nervous system during hazy days. In addition, extreme weather and air quality contributed to haze-related mortality, while cold weather and higher ground-level ozone had stronger influences on mortality risk. Areas with a high-density environment, lower vegetation, higher anthropogenic heat, and higher PM2.5 featured stronger effects of haze on mortality than the others. A combined influence of haze, extreme weather/air quality, and urban environment can result in extremely high mortality due to mental/behavioral disorders or diseases of the nervous system. In conclusion, we developed a data-driven technique to analyze the effects of haze on mortality. Our results target the specific dates and areas with higher mortality during haze events, which can be used for development of health warning protocols/systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Chak Ho
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Man Sing Wong
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Nursing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Wenzhong Shi
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jinxin Yang
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
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Park HK. Air pollution and climate change: Effects on asthmatic patients. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2018. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2018.6.2.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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48
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Borg M, Bi P, Nitschke M, Williams S, McDonald S. The impact of daily temperature on renal disease incidence: an ecological study. Environ Health 2017; 16:114. [PMID: 29078794 PMCID: PMC5659014 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extremely high temperatures over many consecutive days have been linked to an increase in renal disease in several cities. This is becoming increasingly relevant with heatwaves becoming longer, more intense, and more frequent with climate change. This study aimed to extend the known relationship between daily temperature and kidney disease to include the incidence of eight temperature-prone specific renal disease categories - total renal disease, urolithiasis, renal failure, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), urinary tract infections (UTIs), lower urinary tract infections (LUTIs) and pyelonephritis. METHODS Daily data was acquired for maximum, minimum and average temperature over the period of 1 July 2003 to 31 March 2014 during the warm season (October to March) in Adelaide, South Australia. Data for daily admissions to all metropolitan hospitals for renal disease, including 83,519 emergency department admissions and 42,957 inpatient admissions, was also obtained. Renal outcomes were analyzed using time-stratified negative binomial regression models, with the results aggregated by day. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for associations between the number of admissions and daily temperature. RESULTS Increases in daily temperature per 1 °C were associated with an increased incidence for all renal disease categories except for pyelonephritis. Minimum temperature was associated with the greatest increase in renal disease followed by average temperature and then maximum temperature. A 1°C increase in daily minimum temperature was associated with an increase in daily emergency department admissions for AKI (IRR 1.037, 95% CI: 1.026-1.048), renal failure (IRR 1.030, 95% CI: 1.022-1.039), CKD (IRR 1.017, 95% CI: 1.001-1.033) urolithiasis (IRR 1.015, 95% CI: 1.010-1.020), total renal disease (IRR 1.009, 95% CI: 1.006-1.011), UTIs (IRR 1.004, 95% CI: 1.000-1.007) and LUTIs (IRR 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000-1.006). CONCLUSIONS An increased frequency of renal disease, including urolithiasis, acute kidney injury and urinary tract infections, is predicted with increasing temperatures from climate change. These results have clinical and public health implications for the management of renal diseases and demand tailored health services. Future research is warranted to analyze individual renal diseases with more comprehensive information regarding renal risk factors, and studies examining mortality for specific renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Borg
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Monika Nitschke
- SA Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Susan Williams
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Stephen McDonald
- The Central Northern Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
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49
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Cong X, Xu X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Xu L, Huo X. Temperature drop and the risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22535-22546. [PMID: 28804860 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between asthma and temperature changes remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between temperature changes and the risk of asthma. A total of 26 studies (combined total number of subjects N > 26 million), covering 13 countries and Costa Rica, were identified by using a series of keywords in different combinations and searching the papers in PubMed, EMBSEA, Web of Science, MEDLINE, AIM, LILACS, and WPRIM before February 2016. Most of the papers were published in English. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of temperature drop on risk of asthma. Several secondary analyses were also calculated based on stratification for different age, season, latitude, and region on risk of asthma. The odds ratio (OR) estimate between temperature drop and asthma was 1.05 (95% CI 1.02, 1.08) in the meta-analysis. For children, the overall OR was 1.09 (95% CI 1.03, 1.15). Dose-effect analyses showed stronger associations in asthma risk for each 1°1 °C decrement in short-term temperature (OR 1.055, 95% CI 1.00, 1.11). Further stratifications showed that winter (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 105) and low latitude (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.23, 2.41) have a statistically significant association with the increased risk of asthma. Exposure of people to short-term temperature drop (per 1 °C decrement) was significantly associated with the risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) with asthma (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04). Results suggest an adverse effect of temperature drop on asthma risk, especially in children and low-latitude areas. It may be opportune to consider the preventive actions against temperature drop, including simple face masks, to decrease the risk of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cong
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Long Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Xia Huo
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
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50
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Xiao J, Spicer T, Jian L, Yun GY, Shao C, Nairn J, Fawcett RJB, Robertson A, Weeramanthri TS. Variation in Population Vulnerability to Heat Wave in Western Australia. Front Public Health 2017; 5:64. [PMID: 28421177 PMCID: PMC5376557 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat waves (HWs) have killed more people in Australia than all other natural hazards combined. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency, duration, and intensity of HWs and leads to a doubling of heat-related deaths over the next 40 years. Despite being a significant public health issue, HWs do not attract the same level of attention from researchers, policy makers, and emergency management agencies compared to other natural hazards. The purpose of the study was to identify risk factors that might lead to population vulnerability to HW in Western Australia (WA). HW vulnerability and resilience among the population of the state of WA were investigated by using time series analysis. The health impacts of HWs were assessed by comparing the associations between hospital emergency department (ED) presentations, hospital admissions and mortality data, and intensities of HW. Risk factors including age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), remoteness, and geographical locations were examined to determine whether certain population groups were more at risk of adverse health impacts due to extreme heat. We found that hospital admissions due to heat-related conditions and kidney diseases, and overall ED attendances, were sensitive indicators of HW. Children aged 14 years or less and those aged 60 years or over were identified as the most vulnerable populations to HWs as shown in ED attendance data. Females had more ED attendances and hospital admissions due to kidney diseases; while males had more heat-related hospital admissions than females. There were significant dose–response relationships between HW intensity and SES, remoteness, and health service usage. The more disadvantaged and remotely located the population, the higher the health service usage during HWs. Our study also found that some population groups and locations were resilient to extreme heat. We produced a mapping tool, which indicated geographic areas throughout WA with various vulnerability and resilience levels to HW. The findings from this study will allow local government, community service organizations, and agencies in health, housing, and education to better identify and understand the degree of vulnerability to HW throughout the state, better target preparatory strategies, and allocate limited resources to those most in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Xiao
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tony Spicer
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Le Jian
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Grace Yajuan Yun
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Changying Shao
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John Nairn
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Robertson
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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