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Alizadeh Noghani M, Browning D, Caccese V, DePoy E, Gilson S, Beaumont R, Hejrati B. Design and evaluation of the Afari: A three-wheeled mobility and balance support device for outdoor exercise. Assist Technol 2024; 36:378-387. [PMID: 34495809 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2021.1976885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents the engineering design and preliminary testing of the AfariTM mobility device and the integrated IntracTM activity tracking system. The patented Afari design is a three-wheeled device that assists users of any age with mobility impairments with outdoor exercise and movement in various environments and surfaces. We devised methods for testing of the Afari to ensure safe and flexible mobility assistance and demonstrated a high level of stability and structural integrity suitable for vigorous outdoor exercise. A smartphone-based sensing system, the Intrac, was designed for and integrated with the Afari to monitor the user's interaction forces and important gait parameters. The Intrac offers a graphical user interface for displaying and sharing measurements with users and providers, and the accuracy of its measurements was validated by testing its individual components. A preliminary subject study showed that the participants could use the Afari for various levels of weight compensation during walking, while the Intrac enabled the measurement of interactive forces on their arms and key gait parameters. The results demonstrate the potential of the Afari and Intrac to provide a safe walking experience in a variety of terrains and continuously monitor users' gait.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drew Browning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Vincent Caccese
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Elizabeth DePoy
- School of Social Work, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Stephen Gilson
- School of Social Work, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | | | - Babak Hejrati
- Biorobotics and Biomechanics Lab, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
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Martins J, Cerqueira SM, Catarino AW, da Silva AF, Rocha AM, Vale J, Ângelo M, Santos CP. Integrating sEMG and IMU Sensors in an e-Textile Smart Vest for Forward Posture Monitoring: First Steps. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4717. [PMID: 39066114 PMCID: PMC11280952 DOI: 10.3390/s24144717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the market for wearable devices is expanding, with a growing trend towards the use of these devices for continuous-monitoring applications. Among these, real-time posture monitoring and assessment stands out as a crucial application given the rising prevalence of conditions like forward head posture (FHP). This paper proposes a wearable device that combines the acquisition of electromyographic signals from the cervical region with inertial data from inertial measurement units (IMUs) to assess the occurrence of FHP. To improve electronics integration and wearability, e-textiles are explored for the development of surface electrodes and conductive tracks that connect the different electronic modules. Tensile strength and abrasion tests of 22 samples consisting of textile electrodes and conductive tracks produced with three fiber types (two from Shieldex and one from Imbut) were conducted. Imbut's Elitex fiber outperformed Shieldex's fibers in both tests. The developed surface electromyography (sEMG) acquisition hardware and textile electrodes were also tested and benchmarked against an electromyography (EMG) gold standard in dynamic and isometric conditions, with results showing slightly better root mean square error (RMSE) values (for 4 × 2 textile electrodes (10.02%) in comparison to commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes (11.11%). The posture monitoring module was also validated in terms of joint angle estimation and presented an overall error of 4.77° for a controlled angular velocity of 40°/s as benchmarked against a UR10 robotic arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.); (A.F.d.S.)
| | - Sara M. Cerqueira
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.); (A.F.d.S.)
| | - André Whiteman Catarino
- Center of Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.W.C.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Alexandre Ferreira da Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.); (A.F.d.S.)
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Rocha
- Center of Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.W.C.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Jorge Vale
- Valérius-Têxteis, SA, Rua Industrial do Aldão, Apartado 219, Vila Frescaínha, S.Martinho, 4750-078 Barcelos, Portugal; (J.V.); (M.Â.)
| | - Miguel Ângelo
- Valérius-Têxteis, SA, Rua Industrial do Aldão, Apartado 219, Vila Frescaínha, S.Martinho, 4750-078 Barcelos, Portugal; (J.V.); (M.Â.)
| | - Cristina P. Santos
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.); (A.F.d.S.)
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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Lim J, Lee D, Kim S, Lee S, Ryu JS. Analysis of abnormal muscle activities in patients with loss of cervical lordosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:666. [PMID: 37608321 PMCID: PMC10464463 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to detect the differences in cervical muscle activation patterns in people with versus without cervical lordosis and explore the possible mechanism of cervical pain originating therein. METHODS This cross-sectional design included 39 participants without and 18 with normal cervical lordosis. Muscular activation was measured for 5 s in both groups using surface electromyography. Subsequently, the root mean square (RMS) of muscle amplitude was obtained at the bilateral splenius capitis, upper and lower parts of the splenius cervicis, upper and lower parts of the semispinalis cervicis, sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and rhomboid muscles in five cervical positions: 0° (resting), 30° of flexion, 30° of extension, 60° of extension, and upon a 1-kg load on the head in a resting posture. RESULTS The RMS values of the upper trapezius muscle at all postures and the rhomboid muscles at 60° of extension were significantly lower in the loss of lordosis than control group. Comparing the RMS ratio of each posture to the resting position, the ratio of the upper trapezius at flexion was significantly higher and that of the rhomboids at 60° of extension and upon loading was significantly lower in the loss of lordosis than control group. Moreover, the pattern changes in the RMS values according to posture showed a similar shape in these two muscles, and lower in the loss of lordosis than the normal group. CONCLUSIONS The loss of normal cervical alignment may correlate with predisposed conditions such as reduced muscle activation of the trapezius and rhomboid muscle, and may also provoke over-firing of the upper trapezius muscle, possibly increasing neck musculoskeletal pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS gov, registration number: NCT03710785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoon Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si, South Korea
| | - Dajeong Lee
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangyoung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungeun Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Ju Seok Ryu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Mete O, Oskay D, Haznedaroğlu Ş, Tufan A, Yildiz TI. Comparison of shoulder muscle strength, shoulder range of motion and scapular motion in men with ankylosing spondylitis and healthy men: a case-controlled study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2021.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Ankylosing spondylitis mainly affects the vertebral column, meaning that the assessment of the physical function of the upper extremity and scapulothoracic region in ankylosing spondylitis is often overlooked. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate shoulder muscle strength, shoulder active range of motion and three-dimensional scapular motion in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Methods The study included 18 men with ankylosing spondylitis, and 16 age-matched typically healthy men as the control group. Muscle strength, active range of motion, and three-dimensional scapular motion were assessed with a digital hand-held dynamometer, an inclinometer, and an electromagnetic tracking device respectively. Results A decrease in shoulder flexion and abduction muscle strength on both the dominant side (P<0.001, P=0.001) and non-dominant side (P<0.001, P<0.001) was found in the ankylosing spondylitis group compared to the control group. A decrease in shoulder flexion, abduction, and external and internal rotation active range of motion on both the dominant side (P=0.001, P<0.001, P=0.015, P<0.001, respectively) and non-dominant side (P=0.001, P<0.001, P=0.017, P<0.001 respectively) was observed in the ankylosing spondylitis group. There was an increase in the upward rotation of the scapula on the non-dominant side at 30, 60, and 90° humeral elevations in the ankylosing spondylitis group compared to the control group (P=0.018, P=0.003, P=0.001 respectively). The other parameters of the scapular motion did not differ between groups (P>0.05). Conclusions This study showed that shoulder muscle strength and active range of motion were lower, and the upward rotation of the scapula was greater in men with ankylosing spondylitis compared to typically healthy men. The kinetics and kinematics parameters of the shoulder and scapula should be considered when assessing the physical function of patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguzhan Mete
- Gulhane Faculty of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deran Oskay
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Health Sciences Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Taha Ibrahim Yildiz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Health Sciences Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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The Effect of Spinal Asymmetries on Physical Fitness Parameters in Young Elite Soccer Players. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14122497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of spinal asymmetries on specific physical fitness parameters in young elite soccer players. Fifty male soccer players, all members of the under 17 (U17) and 15 (U15) National teams of Cyprus, were initially evaluated for thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and scoliosis asymmetries. Based on the spinal asymmetries’ initial evaluation, soccer players were categorized into the asymmetry group (AG) and normal group (NG) per spinal asymmetry. Hamstring and lower-back flexibility, countermovement jump (CMJ) and lower body isokinetic maximum force were evaluated between AG and NG. CMJ with arm swing was lower in kyphotic posture AG compared with the NG (AG: 41.70 ± 3.59 cm, NG: 44.40 ± 4.34 cm; p = 0.028). Single leg CMJ was lower in both legs in scoliotic posture AG compared with the NG (right: AG: 17.42 ± 1.86 cm, NG: 19.16 ± 2.42 cm, p = 0.008, left: AG: 17.54 ± 1.33 cm, NG: 19.97 ± 2.91 cm; p = 0.002). Sit-and-reach flexibility was lower in scoliotic posture AG (AG: 20.44 ± 5.76 cm, NG: 24.82 ± 6.83 cm; p = 0.024) and higher in lordotic posture AG (AG: 25.95 ± 6.59 cm, NG: 21.73 ± 6.45 cm; p = 0.04) both compared with the NG. No significant difference was found for quadriceps and hamstrings concentric peak torque between the AG and NG (p > 0.05). The current study revealed that kyphotic and scoliotic posture asymmetries deteriorate neuromuscular explosiveness performance and diminish lower limbs’ flexibility in young International-level soccer players.
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Effects of cervicothoracic postures on the stiffness of trapezius muscles. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:3009-3017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Tomezzoli A, Fréchède B, Duprey S. Slouched and erect sitting postures affect upper limb maximum voluntary force levels and fatiguability: a randomized experimental study. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2022; 10:142-150. [PMID: 35930291 DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2022.2110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Occupational ApplicationsModifying the spinal curvature is an empirical approach to treating upper limb musculoskeletal disorders, often attributed to the balance between physical stress and individual functional capacities. We completed an experimental biomechanical study to quantify the effect of seated spinal posture on upper limb functional capacities. Isometric maximum muscle voluntary forces (MVFs) were measured at participants' shoulder, elbow, and wrist. Fatiguability was also assessed during a repetitive painting task. Participants were asked to assume both slouched and erect spinal postures, in a random order. In the erect posture, participants achieved higher shoulder and elbow isometric MVF levels and took longer to reach a fatigue threshold. Thus, spinal posture tends to remotely influence upper limb functional capacities, especially at the shoulder and elbow. Ergonomists should consider spinal posture even when focusing on musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb.Technical AbstractBackground: Musculoskeletal disorders are a major public health issue, and current treatments often remain unsatisfactory. Treatments based on spinal curvature modifications are empirically used for upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. PURPOSE To determine whether a slouched or erect sitting posture has an effect on upper limb functional capacities, with tests and outcomes focused on the risk of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS Randomized experimental study, crossover design. Twenty-two right-handed healthy participants from the local area were assessed in a research laboratory. Participants' spinal curvatures were increased or decreased, through verbal instructions and light touch, to place them in a slouched or an erect posture that was stable and easily maintained, in a random order. Isometric maximum muscle voluntary forces (MVFs) were measured. Participants also performed a repetitive task that simulated painting, with fatigue level assessed using the CR10 Borg scale. Upper limb positioning, task setting, and instructions to participants were standardized., and the investigator was blind to the results of MVF measurements. The main outcomes were normalized differences in MVF values and time-to-reach "7" on the CR10 scale. RESULTS There were significantly higher MVF values in the erect posture for the shoulder and elbow, with respective mean (SD) normalized differences of 11.4 (18.2) and 11.8 (19.2)%; differences approached significance at the wrist [7.7 (18.5)%]. The normalized difference in time-to-reach "7" on the CR10 scale was significantly higher in the erect posture (by 11.4%). CONCLUSIONS Spinal posture modified individual upper limb functional capacities and could thus influence the risk of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Tomezzoli
- Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs, Univ Lyon, Univ Gustave Eiffel, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LBMC UMR T_ 9406, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Bertrand Fréchède
- Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs, Univ Lyon, Univ Gustave Eiffel, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LBMC UMR T_ 9406, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Sonia Duprey
- Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs, Univ Lyon, Univ Gustave Eiffel, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LBMC UMR T_ 9406, F-69622 Lyon, France
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Instructional Cueing Alters Upper Limb Muscle Activity and Kinematics During Elastic Resistance Exercise. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 100:1176-1183. [PMID: 34793375 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to quantify the differences in upper limb muscle activity and kinematics when performing shoulder elastic resistance exercises with no cue, slouched posture, and corrected posture. DESIGN Fifteen healthy participants completed four shoulder elastic resistance exercises (unilateral flexion, bilateral flexion, external rotation, and external rotation with towel) across three simulated body postures (no cue, corrected posture, and slouched posture). Surface electromyography was measured on 16 upper limb muscles and kinematics were collected. Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance examined differences in muscle activation and kinematics across postures and exercises. RESULTS Interactions between exercise and posture were found for most muscles. Muscle activity interactions existed in 14 of the 16 muscles examined, with 8 muscles having the greatest activity in the unilateral flexion, slouched condition (P < 0.0001). The slouched posture generated activity up to 88.4 ± 5.1 %MVC in the cervical extensors. Completing flexion or external rotation exercises with a slouched posture led to increased glenohumeral range of motion (P < 0.0001), but these differences were less than 5 degrees between the greatest and smallest ranges of motion (85.8 vs. 81.0 degrees). CONCLUSION Posture influenced muscle activation and kinematics, with slouched postures increasing muscle activity and range of motion. There was little to no difference between the no cue and corrected cue conditions, suggesting that perhaps a clinician's time may be better spent focusing on avoiding slouched postures rather than ensuring mastering technique.
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Alowa Z, Elsayed W. The impact of forward head posture on the electromyographic activity of the spinal muscles. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2020; 16:224-230. [PMID: 33897327 PMCID: PMC8046829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to examine the electromyographic activity of the regional spinal muscle between patients with forward head posture (FHP) and those with a normal cranio-vertebral (CV) angle. Methods We recruited 60 adult women aged between 18 and 29 years from a single institution. The CV angle was measured in the sagittal plane, which helped us to assign the participants in the FHP group (n = 30) with a large CV angle (53.1 ± 2.3) and the control group (n = 30) with a normal CV angle (43.0 ± 3.6). The surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure the magnitude of normalised muscle activity of eight spinal muscles (cervical, lumbar, and thoracic levels) while standing and performing a specific manual handling task. Results The CV angle was significantly lower in the FHP group than in the control group (p = .001). The cervical erector spinae (CES) muscle activity was significantly increased in the FHP group compared to that in the control group. The right and left CES of those in the FHP group exhibited 73% and 87%, respectively, higher normalised muscle activity than those in the control group while performing the manual handling task (p = .001). No significant difference was detected for the thoracic or lumbar segment muscles between groups. Conclusion Our results indicate that greater neck muscle demands result from anterior head translation in FHP. This effect is a counterbalance to the reduced CV angle and to support the neck. The increased activity of the neck muscles in FHP could demand more support from the neck muscles and might increase the risk of spinal injuries. Management of FHP is essential to avoid overloading the spinal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaenab Alowa
- Department of Physical Therapy, AlJubail General Hospital, Aljubail, Eastern Province, KSA
| | - Walaa Elsayed
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, KSA
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Contemori S, Panichi R, Biscarini A. Mechanisms of Modulation of Automatic Scapulothoracic Muscle Contraction Timings. J Mot Behav 2020; 53:669-679. [PMID: 33106112 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2020.1837064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Erected posture provides humans a large shoulder mobility that requires complex automatic muscle synergies to accomplish joint stability needs. This is evident in shoulder abduction, wherein the voluntary activation of glenohumeral muscles is coupled with an automatic recruitment of scapulothoracic muscles. Here, we investigated whether volitional modification of the scapular position, and dynamic scapular elevation, modulate the contraction timing of five shoulder muscles (middle deltoid, upper, middle and lower fiber of the trapezius, serratus anterior) during shoulder abduction. The results show matched contraction timings of the deltoid and upper trapezius across the scapular positions, whereas the contraction timings of the middle and lower fibers of the trapezius change secondary to the scapular position. These results might reflect different central strategies to coordinate the automatic sequences of contraction of the scapulothoracic muscles. This suggest a flexible and adaptable predisposition of the motor control system in exploring alternative solutions to accomplish the functional movement needs, such as the fulfillment of unconstrained movements. Intriguingly, the shoulder abduction may represent a powerful, non-invasive, and straightforward tool to deepen the understanding of the neural basis underlying the voluntary motor command modulation of the out-of-volition automatic muscle contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Contemori
- Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Roberto Panichi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biscarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Heneghan NR, Webb K, Mahoney T, Rushton A. Thoracic spine mobility, an essential link in upper limb kinetic chains in athletes: A systematic review. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola R. Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - Katie Webb
- Physiotherapy Department Northwick Park Hospital Harrow UK
| | - Tom Mahoney
- Physiotherapy Department Sandwell General Hospital West Bromwich UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
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Kim T, Kim M, Lee M, Yoon B. Comparison of scapular muscle activation during shoulder elevation in older and young adults: A pilot study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2019; 32:437-443. [PMID: 30507564 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of degenerative shoulder disease is increasing, and most shoulder diseases are accompanied by changed activation of the scapular muscles. However, the characteristics of scapular muscle activation in older adults have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age and load on scapular muscle activation during shoulder abduction and flexion. METHODS Eleven older adults (5 men, 6 women; 71.1 ± 5.3 years) and ten young adults (5 men, 5 women; 25.0 ± 2.7 years) performed shoulder elevation (abduction and flexion) with and without a dumbbell. Electromyography were recorded from the upper, middle and lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles in the dominant side. Muscle activation was normalized by reference voluntary contractions. RESULTS During shoulder elevation with a dumbbell load, the activation of the middle trapezius (p= 0.036) in older adults was significantly higher than that in young adults during abduction. The activation of the upper trapezius (p= 0.001) in older adults was significantly higher than that in young adults during flexion. CONCLUSION The older adults have a higher activation of the upper and middle trapezius during shoulder elevation with a weighted load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeong Kim
- Department of Health Science, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Korea National Rehabilitation Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bumchul Yoon
- Department of Health Science, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Human movement is complex, presenting clinical and research challenges regarding how it is described and investigated. This paper discusses the commonalities and differences on how human movement is conceptualized from neuroscientific and clinical perspectives with respect to postural control; the limitations of linear measures; movement efficiency with respect to metabolic energy cost and selectivity; and, how muscle synergy analysis may contribute to our understanding of movement variability. We highlight the role of sensory information on motor performance with respect to the base of support and alignment, illustrating a potential disconnect between the clinical and neuroscientific perspectives. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the commonalities and differences in how movement concepts are defined and operationalized by Bobath clinicians and the neuroscientific community to facilitate a common understanding and open the dialogue on the research practice gap.
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Sutkowski M, Paśko S, Żuk B. A study of interdependence of geometry of the nuchal neck triangle and cervical spine line in the habitual and straightened postures. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lee KS, Lee JH. Effect of maitland mobilization in cervical and thoracic spine and therapeutic exercise on functional impairment in individuals with chronic neck pain. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:531-535. [PMID: 28356648 PMCID: PMC5361027 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study evaluated joint mobilization and therapeutic exercise applied to the
cervical spine and upper thoracic spine for functional impairment caused by chronic neck
pain. [Subjects and Methods] Eighteen study subjects were randomly assigned to two groups
of nine people each. Therapeutic exercise only was applied to the cervical and upper
thoracic spine for Group I, while both therapeutic exercise and joint mobilization were
applied to Group II. The visual analog scale, neck disability index, active cervical range
of motion, static balance capacity, and muscle tone were assessed with a pre-test. The
intervention was carried out for 60 minutes a day, three times a week, for two weeks for
each group, followed by a post-test using the same protocol as the pre-test. [Results] The
visual analog scale, neck disability index, and active cervical range of motion improved
significantly in both groups. Group II improved significantly more on right lateral
flexion and rightward rotation. Muscle tone improved significantly in the upper trapezius
in both groups. [Conclusion] The joint mobilization and therapeutic exercise for
functional impairments caused by chronic neck pain had a significant effect on several
types of functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Su Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Cheongju University, Republic of Korea
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