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Horváth B, Szentandrássy N, Almássy J, Dienes C, Kovács ZM, Nánási PP, Banyasz T. Late Sodium Current of the Heart: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020231. [PMID: 35215342 PMCID: PMC8879921 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Late sodium current has long been linked to dysrhythmia and contractile malfunction in the heart. Despite the increasing body of accumulating information on the subject, our understanding of its role in normal or pathologic states is not complete. Even though the role of late sodium current in shaping action potential under physiologic circumstances is debated, it’s unquestioned role in arrhythmogenesis keeps it in the focus of research. Transgenic mouse models and isoform-specific pharmacological tools have proved useful in understanding the mechanism of late sodium current in health and disease. This review will outline the mechanism and function of cardiac late sodium current with special focus on the recent advances of the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Horváth
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
| | - Norbert Szentandrássy
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Almássy
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
| | - Csaba Dienes
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
| | - Zsigmond Máté Kovács
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
| | - Péter P. Nánási
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
- Department of Dental Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamas Banyasz
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.H.); (N.S.); (J.A.); (C.D.); (Z.M.K.); (P.P.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-(52)-255-575; Fax: +36-(52)-255-116
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2
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Sodium background currents in endocrine/neuroendocrine cells: Towards unraveling channel identity and contribution in hormone secretion. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 63:100947. [PMID: 34592201 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In endocrine/neuroendocrine tissues, excitability of secretory cells is patterned by the repertoire of ion channels and there is clear evidence that extracellular sodium (Na+) ions contribute to hormone secretion. While voltage-gated channels involved in action potential generation are well-described, the background 'leak' channels operating near the resting membrane potential are much less known, and in particular the channels supporting a background entry of Na+ ions. These background Na+ currents (called here 'INab') have the ability to modulate the resting membrane potential and subsequently affect action potential firing. Here we compile and analyze the data collected from three endocrine/neuroendocrine tissues: the anterior pituitary gland, the adrenal medulla and the endocrine pancreas. We also model how INab can be functionally involved in cellular excitability. Finally, towards deciphering the physiological role of INab in endocrine/neuroendocrine cells, its implication in hormone release is also discussed.
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Földi MC, Pesti K, Zboray K, Toth AV, Hegedűs T, Málnási-Csizmadia A, Lukacs P, Mike A. The mechanism of non-blocking inhibition of sodium channels revealed by conformation-selective photolabeling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1200-1217. [PMID: 33450052 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sodium channel inhibitors can be used to treat hyperexcitability-related diseases, including epilepsies, pain syndromes, neuromuscular disorders and cardiac arrhythmias. The applicability of these drugs is limited by their nonspecific effect on physiological function. They act mainly by sodium channel block and in addition by modulation of channel kinetics. While channel block inhibits healthy and pathological tissue equally, modulation can preferentially inhibit pathological activity. An ideal drug designed to target the sodium channels of pathological tissue would act predominantly by modulation. Thus far, no such drug has been described. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Patch-clamp experiments with ultra-fast solution exchange and photolabeling-coupled electrophysiology were applied to describe the unique mechanism of riluzole on Nav1.4 sodium channels. In silico docking experiments were used to study the molecular details of binding. KEY RESULTS We present evidence that riluzole acts predominantly by non-blocking modulation. We propose that, being a relatively small molecule, riluzole is able to stay bound to the binding site, but nonetheless stay off the conduction pathway, by residing in one of the fenestrations. We demonstrate how this mechanism can be recognized. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results identify riluzole as the prototype of this new class of sodium channel inhibitors. Drugs of this class are expected to selectively prevent hyperexcitability, while having minimal effect on cells firing at a normal rate from a normal resting potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mátyás C Földi
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Opto-Neuropharmacology Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pesti
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Opto-Neuropharmacology Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Zboray
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Adam V Toth
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tamás Hegedűs
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Málnási-Csizmadia
- Motor Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Lukacs
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Opto-Neuropharmacology Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Arpad Mike
- MTA-ELTE NAP B Opto-Neuropharmacology Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Dewal RS, Greer-Short A, Lane C, Nirengi S, Manzano PA, Hernández-Saavedra D, Wright KR, Nassal D, Baer LA, Mohler PJ, Hund TJ, Stanford KI. Phospho-ablation of cardiac sodium channel Na v1.5 mitigates susceptibility to atrial fibrillation and improves glucose homeostasis under conditions of diet-induced obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:795-807. [PMID: 33500550 PMCID: PMC8005377 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, with growing evidence identifying obesity as an important risk factor for the development of AF. Although defective atrial myocyte excitability due to stress-induced remodeling of ion channels is commonly observed in the setting of AF, little is known about the mechanistic link between obesity and AF. Recent studies have identified increased cardiac late sodium current (INa,L) downstream of calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activation as an important driver of AF susceptibility. METHODS Here, we investigated a possible role for CaMKII-dependent INa,L in obesity-induced AF using wild-type (WT) and whole-body knock-in mice that ablates phosphorylation of the Nav1.5 sodium channel and prevents augmentation of the late sodium current (S571A; SA mice). RESULTS A high-fat diet (HFD) increased susceptibility to arrhythmias in WT mice, while SA mice were protected from this effect. Unexpectedly, SA mice had improved glucose homeostasis and decreased body weight compared to WT mice. However, SA mice also had reduced food consumption compared to WT mice. Controlling for food consumption through pair feeding of WT and SA mice abrogated differences in weight gain and AF inducibility, but not atrial fibrosis, premature atrial contractions or metabolic capacity. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a novel role for CaMKII-dependent regulation of Nav1.5 in mediating susceptibility to arrhythmias and whole-body metabolism under conditions of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati S. Dewal
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Amara Greer-Short
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Cemantha Lane
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Shinsuke Nirengi
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Pedro Acosta Manzano
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Diego Hernández-Saavedra
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Katherine R. Wright
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Drew Nassal
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Lisa A. Baer
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Thomas J. Hund
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Kristin I. Stanford
- grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA ,grid.412332.50000 0001 1545 0811Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
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Inhibitory Effectiveness of Gomisin A, a Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignan Isolated from Schizandra chinensis, on the Amplitude and Gating of Voltage-Gated Na + Current. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228816. [PMID: 33233411 PMCID: PMC7700137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gomisin A (Gom A), a lignan isolated from Schisandra chinensis, has been reported produce numerous biological activities. However, its action on the ionic mechanisms remains largely unanswered. The present experiments were undertaken to investigate the possible perturbations of Gom A or other related compounds on different types of membrane ionic currents in electrically excitable cells (i.e., pituitary GH3 and pancreatic INS-1 cells). The exposure to Gom A led to the differential inhibition of peak and end-pulse components of voltage-gated Na+ current (INa) in GH3 cells with effective IC50 of 6.2 and 0.73 μM, respectively. The steady-state inactivation curve of INa in the presence of Gom A was shifted towards a more hyperpolarized potential. However, neither changes in the overall current-voltage relationship nor those for the gating charge of the current were demonstrated. The application of neither morin (10 μM) nor hesperidin (10 μM) perturbed the strength of INa, while sesamine could suppress it. However, in the continued presence of Gom A, the addition of sesamine failed to suppress INa further. Gom A also effectively suppressed the strength of persistent INa activated by long ramp voltage command, and further application of tefluthrin effectively attenuated Gom A-mediated inhibition of the current. The presence of Gom A mildly inhibited erg-mediated K+ current, while a lack of change in the amplitude of hyperpolarization-activated cation current was observed in its presence. Under cell-attached current recordings, the exposure to Gom A resulted in the decreased firing of spontaneous action currents with a minimal change in AC amplitude. In pancreatic INS-1 cells, the presence of Gom A was also noticed to inhibit peak and end-pulse components of INa differentially with the IC50 of 5.9 and 0.84 μM, respectively. Taken together, the emerging results presented herein provide the evidence that Gom A can differentially inhibit peak and sustained INa in endocrine cells (e.g., GH3 and INS-1 cells).
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6
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Sala L, Gnecchi M, Schwartz PJ. Long QT Syndrome Modelling with Cardiomyocytes Derived from Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev 2019; 8:105-110. [PMID: 31114684 PMCID: PMC6528025 DOI: 10.15420/aer.2019.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a potentially severe arrhythmogenic disorder, associated with a prolonged QT interval and sudden death, caused by mutations in key genes regulating cardiac electrophysiology. Current strategies to study LQTS in vitro include heterologous systems or animal models. Despite their value, the overwhelming power of genetic tools has exposed the many limitations of these technologies. In 2010, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) revolutionised the field and allowed scientists to study in vitro some of the disease traits of LQTS on hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from LQTS patients. In this concise review we present how the hiPSC technology has been used to model three main forms of LQTS and the severe form of LQTS associated with mutations in calmodulin. We also introduce some of the most recent challenges that must be tackled in the upcoming years to successfully shift hiPSC-CMs from powerful in vitro disease modelling tools into assets to improve risk stratification and clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sala
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gnecchi
- Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation Pavia, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter J Schwartz
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics Milan, Italy.,Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin Milan, Italy.,Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town Cape Town, South Africa
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7
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Hegyi B, Bers DM, Bossuyt J. CaMKII signaling in heart diseases: Emerging role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 127:246-259. [PMID: 30633874 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is upregulated in diabetes and significantly contributes to cardiac remodeling with increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Diabetes is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, which may further enhance CaMKII. Activation of CaMKII occurs downstream of neurohormonal stimulation (e.g. via G-protein coupled receptors) and involve various posttranslational modifications including autophosphorylation, oxidation, S-nitrosylation and O-GlcNAcylation. CaMKII signaling regulates diverse cellular processes in a spatiotemporal manner including excitation-contraction and excitation-transcription coupling, mechanics and energetics in cardiac myocytes. Chronic activation of CaMKII results in cellular remodeling and ultimately arrhythmogenic alterations in Ca2+ handling, ion channels, cell-to-cell coupling and metabolism. This review addresses the detrimental effects of the upregulated CaMKII signaling to enhance the arrhythmogenic substrate and trigger mechanisms in the heart. We also briefly summarize preclinical studies using kinase inhibitors and genetically modified mice targeting CaMKII in diabetes. The mechanistic understanding of CaMKII signaling, cardiac remodeling and arrhythmia mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets and ultimately better treatment in diabetes and heart disease in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Hegyi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Julie Bossuyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Horváth A, Lemoine MD, Löser A, Mannhardt I, Flenner F, Uzun AU, Neuber C, Breckwoldt K, Hansen A, Girdauskas E, Reichenspurner H, Willems S, Jost N, Wettwer E, Eschenhagen T, Christ T. Low Resting Membrane Potential and Low Inward Rectifier Potassium Currents Are Not Inherent Features of hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:822-833. [PMID: 29429959 PMCID: PMC5918194 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) cardiomyocytes (CMs) show less negative resting membrane potential (RMP), which is attributed to small inward rectifier currents (IK1). Here, IK1 was measured in hiPSC-CMs (proprietary and commercial cell line) cultured as monolayer (ML) or 3D engineered heart tissue (EHT) and, for direct comparison, in CMs from human right atrial (RA) and left ventricular (LV) tissue. RMP was measured in isolated cells and intact tissues. IK1 density in ML- and EHT-CMs from the proprietary line was similar to LV and RA, respectively. IK1 density in EHT-CMs from the commercial line was 2-fold smaller than in the proprietary line. RMP in EHT of both lines was similar to RA and LV. Repolarization fraction and IK,ACh response discriminated best between RA and LV and indicated predominantly ventricular phenotype in hiPSC-CMs/EHT. The data indicate that IK1 is not necessarily low in hiPSC-CMs, and technical issues may underlie low RMP in hiPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Horváth
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Löser
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Flenner
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmet Umur Uzun
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuber
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kaja Breckwoldt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Willems
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Jost
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6721 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erich Wettwer
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Experimentelle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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9
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Terruzzi I, Montesano A, Senesi P, Vacante F, Benedini S, Luzi L. Ranolazine promotes muscle differentiation and reduces oxidative stress in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Endocrine 2017; 58:33-45. [PMID: 27933435 PMCID: PMC5608860 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate Ranolazine action on skeletal muscle differentiation and mitochondrial oxidative phenomena. Ranolazine, an antianginal drug, which acts blocking the late INaL current, was shown to lower hemoglobin A1c in patients with diabetes. In the present study, we hypothesized an action of Ranolazine on skeletal muscle cells regeneration and oxidative process, leading to a reduction of insulin resistance. METHODS 10 μM Ranolazine was added to C2C12 murine myoblastic cells during proliferation, differentiation and newly formed myotubes. RESULTS Ranolazine promoted the development of a specific myogenic phenotype: increasing the expression of myogenic regulator factors and inhibiting cell cycle progression factor (p21). Ranolazine stimulated calcium signaling (calmodulin-dependent kinases) and reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Furthermore, Ranolazine maintained mitochondrial homeostasis. During the differentiation phase, Ranolazine promoted myotubes formation. Ranolazine did not modify kinases involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and glucose uptake (extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and AKT pathways), but activated calcium signaling pathways. During proliferation, Ranolazine did not modify the number of mitochondria while decreasing osteopontin protein levels. Lastly, neo-formed myotubes treated with Ranolazine showed typical hypertrophic phenotype. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results indicate that Ranolazine stimulates myogenesis and reduces a pro-oxidant inflammation/oxidative condition, activating a calcium signaling pathway. These newly described mechanisms may partially explain the glucose lowering effect of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Terruzzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Metabolism, Nutrigenomics and Cellular Differentiation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 60 Olgettina street, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Montesano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Senesi
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Fernanda Vacante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Benedini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Fu C, Hao J, Zeng M, Song Y, Jiang W, Zhang P, Luo A, Cao Z, Belardinelli L, Ma J. Modulation of late sodium current by Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, protein kinase C and Ca2+during hypoxia in rabbit ventricular myocytes. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:818-834. [DOI: 10.1113/ep085990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fu
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Tianyou Hospital, affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Jie Hao
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Mengliu Zeng
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Yejia Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Florida College of Medicine; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Wanzhen Jiang
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Peihua Zhang
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Antao Luo
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Zhenzhen Cao
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | | | - Jihua Ma
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory; Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
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11
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Velasco M, Díaz-García CM, Larqué C, Hiriart M. Modulation of Ionic Channels and Insulin Secretion by Drugs and Hormones in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:341-57. [PMID: 27436126 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.103861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells, unique cells that secrete insulin in response to an increase in glucose levels, play a significant role in glucose homeostasis. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic beta cells has been extensively explored. In this mechanism, glucose enters the cells and subsequently the metabolic cycle. During this process, the ATP/ADP ratio increases, leading to ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel closure, which initiates depolarization that is also dependent on the activity of TRP nonselective ion channels. Depolarization leads to the opening of voltage-gated Na(+) channels (Nav) and subsequently voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (Cav). The increase in intracellular Ca(2+) triggers the exocytosis of insulin-containing vesicles. Thus, electrical activity of pancreatic beta cells plays a central role in GSIS. Moreover, many growth factors, incretins, neurotransmitters, and hormones can modulate GSIS, and the channels that participate in GSIS are highly regulated. In this review, we focus on the principal ionic channels (KATP, Nav, and Cav channels) involved in GSIS and how classic and new proteins, hormones, and drugs regulate it. Moreover, we also discuss advances on how metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus change channel activity leading to changes in insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrian Velasco
- Department of Neurodevelopment and Physiology, Neuroscience Division, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Manlio Díaz-García
- Department of Neurodevelopment and Physiology, Neuroscience Division, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Larqué
- Department of Neurodevelopment and Physiology, Neuroscience Division, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Department of Neurodevelopment and Physiology, Neuroscience Division, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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