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Santos IS, Ribeiro THC, de Oliveira KKP, dos Santos JO, Moreira RO, Lima RR, Lima AA, Chalfun-Junior A. Multigenic regulation in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway during coffee flowering. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1657-1669. [PMID: 36387981 PMCID: PMC9636343 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene regulates different aspects of the plant's life cycle, such as flowering, and acts as a defense signal in response to environmental stresses. Changes induced by water deficit (WD) in gene expression of the main enzymes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and oxidase (ACO), are frequently reported in plants. In this study, coffee (Coffea arabica) ACS and ACO family genes were characterized and their expression profiles were analyzed in leaves, roots, flower buds, and open flowers from plants under well-watered (WW) and water deficit (WD) conditions. Three new ACS genes were identified. Water deficit did not affect ACS expression in roots, however soil drying strongly downregulated ACO expression, indicating a transcriptional constraint in the biosynthesis pathway during the drought that can suppress ethylene production in roots. In floral buds, ACO expression is water-independent, suggesting a higher mechanism of control in reproductive organs during the final flowering stages. Leaves may be the main sites for ethylene precursor (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ACC) production in the shoot under well-watered conditions, contributing to an increase in the ethylene levels required for anthesis. Given these results, we suggest a possible regulatory mechanism for the ethylene biosynthesis pathway associated with coffee flowering with gene regulation in leaves being a key point in ethylene production and ACO genes play a major regulatory role in roots and the shoots. This mechanism may constitute a regulatory model for flowering in other woody species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01235-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasminy Silva Santos
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Thales Henrique Cherubino Ribeiro
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Kellen Kauanne Pimenta de Oliveira
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos
- Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Company, EPAMIG, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Moreira
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Renato Ribeiro Lima
- Statistics Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - André Almeida Lima
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Antonio Chalfun-Junior
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
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Khaksar G, Sangchay W, Pinsorn P, Sangpong L, Sirikantaramas S. Genome-wide analysis of the Dof gene family in durian reveals fruit ripening-associated and cultivar-dependent Dof transcription factors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12109. [PMID: 31431665 PMCID: PMC6702166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA binding with one finger (Dof) proteins constitute a ubiquitous plant-specific transcription factor (TF) family associated with diverse biological processes, including ripening. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) and identified 24 durian Dofs (DzDofs), 15 of which were expressed in fruit pulp. Gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of DzDofs during ripening in two commercial durian cultivars from Thailand, Monthong and Chanee. Comparing the expression levels of fruit pulp-expressed DzDofs between cultivars revealed ten potential cultivar-dependent Dofs, among which DzDof2.2 showed a significantly greater fold increase at every ripening stage in Chanee than in Monthong. The prediction of DzDof2.2's function based on its orthologue in Arabidopsis revealed its possible role in regulating auxin biosynthesis. We observed significantly higher auxin levels during ripening of Chanee than Monthong which concurred with the greater expression of auxin biosynthetic genes. Transient expression of DzDof2.2 in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly upregulated the expression levels of auxin biosynthetic genes. Higher expression levels of DzDof2.2 in Chanee would enhance auxin levels through transcriptional regulation of auxin biosynthetic genes. Higher auxin levels in Chanee could activate auxin-mediated transcription, contributing to its faster ripening compared to Monthong through earlier initiation of the ethylene response (auxin-ethylene crosstalk).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Khaksar
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wassakarn Sangchay
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pinnapat Pinsorn
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Lalida Sangpong
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supaart Sirikantaramas
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Li X. Transcript analyses of ethylene pathway genes during ripening of Chinese jujube fruit. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 224-225:1-10. [PMID: 29574324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fruit of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is immensely popular worldwide, while its fleshy fruit has a very short shelf life and suffers serious postharvest damage. The fruit has been controversially classified as non-climacteric, though the mechanisms underlying its ripening behavior, particularly the role of ethylene, have remained unclear. In this study, low and stable ethylene production was detected during ripening of Z. jujuba 'Dongzao' fruit, with production increasing at the full maturity stage. To determine potential ripening behavior, the fruit of five cultivars were harvested at the white mature stage, and all exhibited a first decreasing and then moderately increasing respiration rate without concomitant climacteric-like ethylene production during shelf storage. Treatment with 1.0 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) inhibited respiration and ethylene production in white mature fruit, though the effects of 100 μL L-1 exogenous ethylene were not significant. The transcript levels of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, perception, and signal transduction were not elevated during fruit-ripening onset but substantially increased at the full-red ripening stage. Moreover, expression of genes controlling ethylene biosynthesis and perception mainly occurred in an auto-inhibited System-1-like manner, but signaling pathway genes were minimally affected by exogenous ethylene or 1-MCP. These results show that the ripening of Chinese jujube is non-climacteric. The basal level of ethylene likely plays a minor role in ripening regulation but is necessary to maintain normal ripening. This study elucidates the effects of ethylene on jujube fruit ripening, characterizing the ripening of this fruit as non-climacteric, and also provides strategies for the improvement and maintenance of fruit quality and the extension of shelf life during postharvest storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry of Shaanxi Province, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry of Shaanxi Province, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingang Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Comprehensive Laboratory of Forestry of Shaanxi Province, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Espinosa MEÁ, Moreira RO, Lima AA, Ságio SA, Barreto HG, Luiz SLP, Abreu CEA, Yanes-Paz E, Ruíz YC, González-Olmedo JL, Chalfun-Júnior A. Early histological, hormonal, and molecular changes during pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill) artificial flowering induction. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 209:11-19. [PMID: 27988471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural flowering can cause serious scheduling problems in the pineapple (Ananas comosus) industry and increase harvest costs. Pineapple flowering is thought to be triggered by increased ethylene levels and artificial forcing of pineapple flowering is a common practice to promote flowering synchronisation. However, little is known about the early hormonal and molecular changes of pineapple flowering induction and development. Here, we aimed to analyse the molecular, hormonal, and histological changes during artificial pineapple flowering by Ethrel®48 treatment. Histological analyses of the shoot apical meristem, leaf gibberellic acid (GA3), and ethylene quantification were carried out during the first 72h after Ethrel®48 treatment. Expression profiles from ethylene biosynthesis (AcACS2 and AcACO1), gibberellin metabolism (AcGA2-ox1 and AcDELLA1), and flower development (FT-like gene (AcFT), LFY-like gene (AcLFY), and a PISTILLATA-like gene (AcPI)) genes were analysed during the first 24h after Ethrel®48 treatment. Differentiation processes of the shoot apical meristem into flower buds were already present in the first 72h after Ethrel®48 treatment. Ethrel®48 lead to a reduction in GA3 levels, probably triggered by elevated ethylene levels and the positive regulation AcGA2-ox1. AcLFY activation upon Ethrel®48 may also have contributed to the reduction of GA3 levels and, along with the up-regulation of AcPI, are probably associated with the flower induction activation. AcFT and AcDELLA1 do not seem to be regulated by GA3 and ethylene. Decreased GA3 and increased ethylene levels suggest an accumulation of AcDELLA1, which may display an important role in pineapple flowering induction. Thus, this study shows that molecular, hormonal, and histological changes are present right after Ethrel®48 treatment, providing new insights into how pineapple flowering occurs under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Oliveira Moreira
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Almeida Lima
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Horllys Gomes Barreto
- Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Chalfun-Júnior
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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