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Boonprajan P, Leeratiwong C, Sirichamorn Y. From morphology to molecules: A comprehensive study of a novel Derris species (Fabaceae) with a rare flowering habit and reddish leaflet midribs, discovered in Peninsular Thailand. PHYTOKEYS 2024; 237:51-77. [PMID: 38269332 PMCID: PMC10806910 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.237.112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Derrisrubricosta Boonprajan & Sirich., sp. nov., a new species of the genus Derris Lour. (Fabaceae) was discovered in Peninsular Thailand. The overall morphology demonstrates that the species most resembles D.pubipetala. Nevertheless, the species has several autapomorphies differentiating it from other Derris species, e.g., the presence of reddish midribs of the mature leaflets, sparsely hairy stamen filaments, prominent hairs at the base of the anthers, and presence of glandular trichomes along the leaflet midrib. Additionally, HPLC fingerprints of this species showed a distinction from D.pubipetala by the absence of phytochemical compound peaks after 13 min. Retention Time (RT). Results from molecular phylogenetic analyses also strongly supported the taxonomic status as a new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punvarit Boonprajan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Sanam Chandra Palace Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73000, ThailandSilpakorn UniversityNakhon PathomThailand
| | - Charan Leeratiwong
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, ThailandPrince of Songkla UniversitySongkhlaThailand
| | - Yotsawate Sirichamorn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Sanam Chandra Palace Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73000, ThailandSilpakorn UniversityNakhon PathomThailand
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Zamani M, Sonboli A, Goldansaz M, Mirjalili MH. In vitro micropropagation and conservation of endangered medicinal plant Nepeta asterotricha Rech.f. ( Lamiaceae): genetic fidelity, phytochemical and biological assessment. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:67-80. [PMID: 38435858 PMCID: PMC10901756 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
An efficient in vitro protocol was introduced for the conservation of Nepeta asterotricha, a vulnerable and endangered medicinal species found in the central of Iran for the first time. Growth, phytochemical, and biological traits of in vitro regenerated plant (RP) and acclimated plant (AP) were compared to the mother plant (MP). In addition, the genetic stability of AP was assessed by using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. The highest number of lateral branches (4.25) was obtained from the medium with 3 mg/mL kinetin (KIN), while the highest length of lateral branches (13.25 cm) was achieved on the medium culture fortified with 3 mg/mL thidiazuron (TDZ) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest number of leaves (20.25) and main branch length (12.25 cm) were obtained from the medium containing 3 mg/mL TDZ. The highest number of roots (46.25) and root length (2.25 cm) was measured from the medium fortified with 1 mg/mL indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.6 mg/mL indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), respectively. RP was successfully acclimated (85%) in vivo. Molecular analysis showed that the AP was true to the type of the MP. cis-Sabinene hydrate (26.8-57.7), 1,8-cineole (6.2-24.1), 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (4.1-12.3), and terpinene-4-ol (3.2-15.0) were the major essential oils compounds. The studied samples contained rosmarinic acid (2.55-5.97 mg/g DW), cichoric acid (1.68-12.7 mg/g DW), chlorogenic acid (1.91-64.21 mg/g DW), rutin (0.59-1.09 mg/g DW), apigenin (0.52-0.72 mg/g DW), betulinic acid (0.17-2.20 mg g DW), oleanolic acid (0.84-5.37 mg/g DW) and ursolic acid (3.46-15.70 mg/g DW). Acclimated plant exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 196.4 μg/mL), while the methanolic extract of MP displayed the highest antibacterial activity (MIC = 8 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Zamani
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mostafa Goldansaz
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
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Kremer D, Dunkić V, Radosavljević I, Bogunić F, Ivanova D, Ballian D, Stešević D, Matevski V, Ranđelović V, Eleftheriadou E, Šatović Z, Liber Z. Phytochemicals and Their Correlation with Molecular Data in Micromeria and Clinopodium (Lamiaceae) Taxa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3407. [PMID: 36501446 PMCID: PMC9739532 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A study of the phytochemical and molecular characteristics of ten Micromeria and six Clinopodium taxa (family Lamiaceae) distributed in the Balkan Peninsula was carried out. The phytochemicals detected in essential oils by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and molecular data amplified fragment length polymorphism were used to study the taxonomic relationships among the taxa and the correlations between phytochemical and molecular data. STRUCTURE analysis revealed three genetic groups, while Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure grouped the studied taxa into 11 clusters nested in the groups obtained by STRUCTURE. Principal components analysis performed with the 21 most represented compounds in the essential oils yielded results that were partly consistent with those obtained by STRUCTURE and neighbour-joining analyses. However, their geographic distributions did not support the genetic grouping of the studied taxa and populations. The Mantel test showed a significant correlation between the phytochemical and genetic data (r = 0.421, p < 0.001). Genetic distance explained 17.8% of the phytochemical distance between populations. The current taxonomic position of several of the studied taxa is yet to be satisfactorily resolved, and further studies are needed. Such future research should include nuclear and plastid DNA sequences from a larger sample of populations and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Rudera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Radosavljević
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Faruk Bogunić
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Daniella Ivanova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dalibor Ballian
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna Pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijela Stešević
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Vlado Matevski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Gazi Baba bb, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Vladimir Ranđelović
- Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Eleni Eleftheriadou
- School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zlatko Šatović
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Stojičić D, Tošić S, Stojanović G, Zlatković B, Jovanović S, Budimir S, Uzelac B. Volatile Organic Compound Composition and Glandular Trichome Characteristics of In Vitro Propagated Clinopodium pulegium (Rochel) Bräuchler: Effect of Carbon Source. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11020198. [PMID: 35050086 PMCID: PMC8778064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Clinopodium pulegium (Rochel) Bräuchler (Lamiaceae) is an endangered species endemic to the Southern Carpathians. It is characterized by the production of high amounts of essential oils, which emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have an essential role in biotic and abiotic stress responses and in plant-plant and plant-insect interactions. The present study was initiated to phytochemically examine the influence of different carbon sources in the nutrition medium on VOC emissions of micropropagated C. pulegium plants, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of headspace VOCs. The volatile profiles were subjected to multivariate analysis with respect to the presence, concentration and type of carbon source in the nutrient medium. In addition, the effect of different carbohydrates on the density and size of the leaf glandular trichomes, the main structures involved in the emission of VOCs, was determined. A total of 19 VOCs, primarily belonging to mono- and sesquiterpenes previously described in plants, were tentatively identified. Six VOCs were produced at levels higher than 2% of the total VOC emission, dominated by pulegone, ß-pinene and menthone. Inclusion of the carbohydrates in the culture media affected the production of the main leaf trichome-associated volatile allelochemicals although the qualitative composition of the volatiles changed only slightly. Multivariate analysis showed that the concentration, rather than the carbohydrate type, influenced the VOC profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stojičić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niche, Serbia; (D.S.); (S.T.); (B.Z.)
| | - Svetlana Tošić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niche, Serbia; (D.S.); (S.T.); (B.Z.)
| | - Gordana Stojanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niche, Serbia; (G.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Bojan Zlatković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niche, Serbia; (D.S.); (S.T.); (B.Z.)
| | - Snežana Jovanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niche, Serbia; (G.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Snežana Budimir
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Branka Uzelac
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Correspondence:
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Micromorphological Traits of Balcanic Micromeria and Closely Related Clinopodium Species (Lamiaceae). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081666. [PMID: 34451711 PMCID: PMC8399001 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A study of the trichomes types and distribution and pollen morphology was carried out in nine Micromeria taxa (M. cristata ssp. cristata, M. cristata ssp. kosaninii, M. croatica, M. graeca ssp. graeca, M. graeca ssp. fruticulosa, M. juliana, M. kerneri, M. longipedunculata and M. microphylla) and five closely related Clinopodium species (C. dalmaticum, C. frivaldszkyanum, C. pulegium, C. serpyllifolium and C. thymifolium) from the Lamiaceae family of the Balkan Peninsula. By scanning electron microscope, non-glandular trichomes, peltate and capitate trichomes were observed on the calyx, leaves and stem of the studied species. Two subtypes of capitate trichomes were observed in Micromeria species: subtype 1 (consisting of a basal epidermal cell and an elliptically shaped head cell) and subtype 2 (consisting of a basal epidermal cell, two to three stalk cells and a round head cell). In Clinopodium species, three types of capitate trichomes were observed: subtype 1, subtype 3 (consisting of a basal epidermal cell, a short peduncle cell, and a single round head cell), and subtype 4 (consisting of a basal epidermal cell, a stalk cell, and an elongated head cell). These results support the recent transfer of Micromeria species from the section Pseudomelissa to the genus Clinopodium.
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Konarska A, Łotocka B. Glandular trichomes of Robinia viscosa Vent. var. hartwigii (Koehne) Ashe (Faboideae, Fabaceae)-morphology, histochemistry and ultrastructure. PLANTA 2020; 252:102. [PMID: 33180181 PMCID: PMC7661392 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Permanent glandular trichomes of Robinia viscosa var. hartwigii produce viscous secretion containing several secondary metabolites, as lipids, mucilage, flavonoids, proteins and alkaloids. Robinia viscosa var. hartwigii (Hartweg's locust) is an ornamental tree with high apicultural value. It can be planted in urban greenery and in degraded areas. The shoots, leaves, and inflorescences of this plant are equipped with numerous persistent glandular trichomes producing sticky secretion. The distribution, origin, development, morphology, anatomy, and ultrastructure of glandular trichomes of Hartweg's locust flowers as well as the localisation and composition of their secretory products were investigated for the first time. To this end, light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy combined with histochemical and fluorescence techniques were used. The massive glandular trichomes differing in the distribution, length, and stage of development were built of a multicellular and multiseriate stalk and a multicellular head. The secretory cells in the stalk and head had large nuclei with nucleoli, numerous chloroplasts with thylakoids and starch grains, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum profiles, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and multivesicular bodies. Many vacuoles contained phenolic compounds dissolved or forming various condensed deposits. The secretion components were transported through symplast elements, and the granulocrine and eccrine modes of nectar secretion were observed. The secretion was accumulated in the subcuticular space at the trichome apex and released through a pore in the cuticle. Histochemical and fluorescence assays showed that the trichomes and secretion contained lipophilic and polyphenol compounds, polysaccharides, proteins, and alkaloids. We suggest that these metabolites may serve an important function in protection of plants against biotic stress conditions and may also be a source of phytopharmaceuticals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Konarska
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Barbara Łotocka
- Department of Botany, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Tošić S, Stojičić D, Slavkovska V, Mihailov-Krstev T, Zlatković B, Budimir S, Uzelac B. Phytochemical composition and biological activities of native and in vitro-propagated Micromeria croatica (Pers.) Schott (Lamiaceae). PLANTA 2019; 249:1365-1377. [PMID: 30666408 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-03071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In vitro culture conditions and kinetin induced quantitative modifications in the production of the major volatile constituents in Micromeria croatica plantlets. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts obtained from micropropagated and wild-growing plants was evaluated. Micromeria spp. are aromatic plants, many of which were shown to exhibit various biological effects. The present study aimed to determine the content and the composition of the essential oil of in vitro-cultured Micromeria croatica (Pers.) Schott and to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of its methanolic extract, in order to compare its phytochemical profile and biological activity with wild-growing plants. Shoots regenerated on MS medium without plant growth regulators (PGRs) or supplemented with kinetin were used for phytochemical analysis. Essential oils from both native plant material and in vitro-cultivated M. croatica plants, with a total of 44 identified constituents, were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes. Borneol was the main component detected in wild-growing plants (25.28%) and micropropagated plants grown on PGR-free medium (20.30%). Kinetin treatment led to increased oil yield and favored the production of oxygenated monoterpenes, dominated by geranial (33.53%) and cis-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-ol (23.69%). The percentage of total sesquiterpenoids in micropropagated plant material was considerably lower than in wild-growing plants. In vitro culture conditions and PGRs affected the production of essential oils, inducing quantitative modifications in the production of the major volatile constituents in M. croatica plantlets. The antimicrobial activity of M. croatica methanolic extracts was investigated using the broth microdilution method. Extracts obtained from in vitro cultures generally exhibited greater antibacterial potential, compared to wild-growing plants. Among six bacterial strains tested, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus were the most sensitive microorganisms. The present study provided evidence that in vitro culture conditions might favorably affect the antimicrobial activity of M. croatica methanolic extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Tošić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, 18000, Serbia
| | - Dragana Stojičić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, 18000, Serbia
| | - Violeta Slavkovska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Mihailov-Krstev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, 18000, Serbia
| | - Bojan Zlatković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, 18000, Serbia
| | - Snežana Budimir
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Branka Uzelac
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia.
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