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Simard JM, Tosun C, Tsymbalyuk O, Moyer M, Keledjian K, Tsymbalyuk N, Olaniran A, Evans M, Langbein J, Khan Z, Kreinbrink M, Ciryam P, Stokum JA, Jha R, Ksendzovsky A, Gerzanich V. A mouse model of temporal lobe contusion. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 39302058 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2024.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Trauma to the brain can induce a contusion characterized by a discrete intracerebral or diffuse interstitial hemorrhage. In humans, "computed tomography (CT)-positive", i.e., hemorrhagic, temporal lobe contusions (tlCont) have unique sequelae. tlCont confers significantly increased odds for moderate or worse disability and the inability to return to baseline work capacity compared to intra-axial injuries in other locations. Patients with tlCont are at elevated risks of memory dysfunction, anxiety and post-traumatic epilepsy due to involvement of neuroanatomical structures unique to the temporal lobe including the amygdala, hippocampus and ento-/perirhinal cortex. Because of the relative inaccessibility of the temporal lobe in rodents, no preclinical model of tlCont has been described, impeding progress in elucidating the specific pathophysiology unique to tlCont. Here, we present a minimally invasive mouse model of tlCont with the contusion characterized by a traumatic interstitial hemorrhage. Mortality was low and sensorimotor deficits (beam walk, accelerating rotarod) resolved completely within 3-5 days. However, significant deficits in memory (novel object recognition, Morris water maze) and anxiety (elevated plus maze) persisted at 14-35 days, and non-convulsive electroencephalographic seizures and spiking were significantly increased in the hippocampus at 7-21 days. Immunohistochemistry showed widespread astrogliosis and microgliosis, bilateral hippocampal sclerosis, bilateral loss of hippocampal and cortical inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and evidence of interhemispheric connectional diaschisis involving the fiber bundle in the ventral corpus callosum that connects temporal lobe structures. This model may be useful to advance our understanding of the unique features of tlCont in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marc Simard
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, 22 South Green St, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201
- Maryland, United States;
| | - Cigdem Tosun
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Orest Tsymbalyuk
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Mitchell Moyer
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Kaspar Keledjian
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Natalya Tsymbalyuk
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Adedayo Olaniran
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Madison Evans
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Jenna Langbein
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Ziam Khan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Matthew Kreinbrink
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Prajwal Ciryam
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurology, 110 S Paca St, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201-1544;
| | - Jesse A Stokum
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Ruchira Jha
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States;
| | - Alexander Ksendzovsky
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Volodymyr Gerzanich
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
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Vogel A, Ueberbach T, Wilken-Schmitz A, Hahnefeld L, Franck L, Weyer MP, Jungenitz T, Schmid T, Buchmann G, Freudenberg F, Brandes RP, Gurke R, Schwarzacher SW, Geisslinger G, Mittmann T, Tegeder I. Repetitive and compulsive behavior after Early-Life-Pain associated with reduced long-chain sphingolipid species. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:155. [PMID: 37635256 PMCID: PMC10463951 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain in early life may impact on development and risk of chronic pain. We developed an optogenetic Cre/loxP mouse model of "early-life-pain" (ELP) using mice with transgenic expression of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) under control of the Advillin (Avil) promoter, which drives expression of transgenes predominantly in isolectin B4 positive non-peptidergic nociceptors in postnatal mice. Avil-ChR2 (Cre +) and ChR2-flfl control mice were exposed to blue light in a chamber once daily from P1-P5 together with their Cre-negative mother. RESULTS ELP caused cortical hyperexcitability at P8-9 as assessed via multi-electrode array recordings that coincided with reduced expression of synaptic genes (RNAseq) including Grin2b, neurexins, piccolo and voltage gated calcium and sodium channels. Young adult (8-16 wks) Avil-ChR2 mice presented with nociceptive hypersensitivity upon heat or mechanical stimulation, which did not resolve up until one year of age. The persistent hypersensitivy to nociceptive stimuli was reflected by increased calcium fluxes in primary sensory neurons of aged mice (1 year) upon capsaicin stimulation. Avil-ChR2 mice behaved like controls in maze tests of anxiety, social interaction, and spatial memory but IntelliCage behavioral studies revealed repetitive nosepokes and corner visits and compulsive lickings. Compulsiveness at the behavioral level was associated with a reduction of sphingomyelin species in brain and plasma lipidomic studies. Behavioral studies were done with female mice. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ELP may predispose to chronic "pain" and compulsive psychopathology in part mediated by alterations of sphingolipid metabolism, which have been previously described in the context of addiction and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Vogel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Timo Ueberbach
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annett Wilken-Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luisa Franck
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marc-Philipp Weyer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tassilo Jungenitz
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Partner Site Frankfurt, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giulia Buchmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Gurke
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephan W Schwarzacher
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases (CIMD), 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittmann
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Zhuang Y, Dong J, Ge Q, Zhang B, Yang M, Lu S, Li H, Niu F, Xu X, Liu B. Contralateral synaptic changes following severe unilateral brain injury. Brain Res Bull 2022; 188:21-29. [PMID: 35868500 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The brain is highly integrated and thus unilateral injury can impact the contralateral hemisphere. However, further research is needed to clarify the changes in the response of the contralateral homotopic area to ipsilateral injury. We hypothesized that severe unilateral brain injury would be accompanied by contralateral synaptic changes that are related to functional recovery. To test this, we divided rats into sham and experimental groups. In the experimental group, we performed right motor cortex resection. These rats were further divided into three subgroups according to post-injury time: 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days post-injury. Rats in each group were evaluated using a beam walking test to quantify the recovery of motor function, and all rats received an injection of adeno-associated virus-containing green fluorescent protein (GFP). Finally, we conducted morphological and histological analyses to identify synaptic changes. Over time, the behavior of the rats that underwent right motor cortex resection recovered. Furthermore, in contrast to the sham group, the experimental groups exhibited an increase in the spine density and expression of synaptic proteins in layer V of the contralateral motor cortex, which was consistent with the GFP-labeled neurons. Moreover, more immature spines were observed 7 days post-injury. Notably, spine morphology matured from 7 to 30 days, and the increase in Synapsin-1 intensity in layer V peaked 14 days after the resection, whereas PSD-95 intensity continued to increase until day 30. Our findings suggested that following motor function recovery from unilateral brain injury, spine morphology and synaptic proteins change dynamically in the contralateral hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinqian Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengshi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojian Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Baiyun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center for Nerve Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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GABA A Receptor-Stabilizing Protein Ubqln1 Affects Hyperexcitability and Epileptogenesis after Traumatic Brain Injury and in a Model of In Vitro Epilepsy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073902. [PMID: 35409261 PMCID: PMC8999075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a major public health concern and strongly contributes to human epilepsy cases worldwide. However, an effective treatment and prevention remains a matter of intense research. The present study provides new insights into the gamma aminobutyric acid A (GABAA)-stabilizing protein ubiquilin-1 (ubqln1) and its regulation in mouse models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and in vitro epilepsy. We performed label-free quantification on isolated cortical GABAergic interneurons from GAD67-GFP mice that received unilateral TBI and discovered reduced expression of ubqln1 24 h post-TBI. To investigate the link between this regulation and the development of epileptiform activity, we further studied ubqln1 expression in hippocampal and cortical slices. Epileptiform events were evoked pharmacologically in acute brain slices by administration of picrotoxin (PTX, 50 μM) and kainic acid (KA, 500 nM) and recorded in the hippocampal CA1 subfield using Multi-electrode Arrays (MEA). Interestingly, quantitative Western blots revealed significant decreases in ubqln1 expression 1–7 h after seizure induction that could be restored by application of the non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor nialamide (NM, 10 μM). In picrotoxin-dependent dose–response relationships, NM administration alleviated the frequency and peak amplitude of seizure-like events (SLEs). These findings indicate a role of the monoamine transmitter systems and ubqln1 for cortical network activity during posttraumatic epileptogenesis.
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Wang Q, Mergia E, Koesling D, Mittmann T. Nitric Oxide/Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Signaling via Guanylyl Cyclase Isoform 1 Mediates Early Changes in Synaptic Transmission and Brain Edema Formation after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:1689-1701. [PMID: 33427032 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often induces structural damage, disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neurodegeneration, and dysfunctions of surviving neuronal networks. Nitric oxide (NO) signaling has been suggested to affect brain functions after TBI. The NO exhibits most of its biological effects by activation of the primary targets-guanylyl cyclases (NO-GCs), which exists in two isoforms (NO-GC1 and NO-GC2), and the subsequently produced cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). However, the specific function of the NO-NO-GCs-cGMP pathway in the context of brain injury is not fully understood. To investigate the specific role of the isoform NO-GC1 early after brain injuries, we performed an in vivo unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) in the somatosensory cortex of knockout mice lacking NO-GC1 and their wild-type (WT) littermates. Morphological and electrophysiological changes of cortical neurons located 500 μm distant from the lesion border were studied early (24 h) after TBI. The CCI-operated WT mice exhibited significant BBB disruption, an impairment of dendritic spine morphology, a reduced pre-synaptic glutamate release, and less neuronal activity in the ipsilateral cortical network. The impaired ipsilateral neuronal excitability was associated with increased A-type K+ currents (IA) in the WT mice early after TBI. Interestingly, NO-GC1 KO mice revealed relatively less BBB rupture and a weaker brain edema formation early after TBI. Further, lack of NO-GC1 also prevented the impaired synaptic transmission and network function that were observed in TBI-treated WT mice. These data suggest that NO-GC1 signaling mediates early brain damage and the strength of ipsilateral cortical network in the early phase after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Evanthia Mergia
- Institute of Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittmann
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Feldmann LK, Le Prieult F, Felzen V, Thal SC, Engelhard K, Behl C, Mittmann T. Proteasome and Autophagy-Mediated Impairment of Late Long-Term Potentiation (l-LTP) after Traumatic Brain Injury in the Somatosensory Cortex of Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123048. [PMID: 31234472 PMCID: PMC6627835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to impaired cognition and memory consolidation. The acute phase (24–48 h) after TBI is often characterized by neural dysfunction in the vicinity of the lesion, but also in remote areas like the contralateral hemisphere. Protein homeostasis is crucial for synaptic long-term plasticity including the protein degradation systems, proteasome and autophagy. Still, little is known about the acute effects of TBI on synaptic long-term plasticity and protein degradation. Thus, we investigated TBI in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model in the motor and somatosensory cortex of mice ex vivo-in vitro. Late long-term potentiation (l-LTP) was induced by theta-burst stimulation in acute brain slices after survival times of 1–2 days. Protein levels for the plasticity related protein calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was quantified by Western blots, and the protein degradation activity by enzymatical assays. We observed missing maintenance of l-LTP in the ipsilateral hemisphere, however not in the contralateral hemisphere after TBI. Protein levels of CaMKII were not changed but, interestingly, the protein degradation revealed bidirectional changes with a reduced proteasome activity and an increased autophagic flux in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Finally, LTP recordings in the presence of pharmacologically modified protein degradation systems also led to an impaired synaptic plasticity: bath-applied MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, or rapamycin, an activator of autophagy, both administered during theta burst stimulation, blocked the induction of LTP. These data indicate that alterations in protein degradation pathways likely contribute to cognitive deficits in the acute phase after TBI, which could be interesting for future approaches towards neuroprotective treatments early after traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia K Feldmann
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Florie Le Prieult
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Felzen
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Serge C Thal
- Clinics for Anaesthesiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Kristin Engelhard
- Clinics for Anaesthesiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Thomas Mittmann
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Lombaert N, Hennes M, Gilissen S, Schevenels G, Aerts L, Vanlaer R, Geenen L, Van Eeckhaut A, Smolders I, Nys J, Arckens L. 5-HTR 2A and 5-HTR 3A but not 5-HTR 1A antagonism impairs the cross-modal reactivation of deprived visual cortex in adulthood. Mol Brain 2018; 11:65. [PMID: 30400993 PMCID: PMC6218970 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual cortical areas show enhanced tactile responses in blind individuals, resulting in improved behavioral performance. Induction of unilateral vision loss in adult mice, by monocular enucleation (ME), is a validated model for such cross-modal brain plasticity. A delayed whisker-driven take-over of the medial monocular zone of the visual cortex is preceded by so-called unimodal plasticity, involving the potentiation of the spared-eye inputs in the binocular cortical territory. Full reactivation of the sensory-deprived contralateral visual cortex is accomplished by 7 weeks post-injury. Serotonin (5-HT) is known to modulate sensory information processing and integration, but its impact on cortical reorganization after sensory loss, remains largely unexplored. To address this issue, we assessed the involvement of 5-HT in ME-induced cross-modal plasticity and the 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) subtype used. We first focused on establishing the impact of ME on the total 5-HT concentration measured in the visual cortex and in the somatosensory barrel field. Next, the changes in expression as a function of post-ME recovery time of the monoamine transporter 2 (vMAT2), which loads 5-HT into presynaptic vesicles, and of the 5-HTR1A and 5-HTR3A were assessed, in order to link these temporal expression profiles to the different types of cortical plasticity induced by ME. In order to accurately pinpoint which 5-HTR exactly mediates ME-induced cross-modal plasticity, we pharmacologically antagonized the 5-HTR1A, 5-HTR2A and 5-HTR3A subtypes. This study reveals brain region-specific alterations in total 5-HT concentration, time-dependent modulations in vMAT2, 5-HTR1A and 5-HTR3A protein expression and 5-HTR antagonist-specific effects on the post-ME plasticity phenomena. Together, our results confirm a role for 5-HTR1A in the early phase of binocular visual cortex plasticity and suggest an involvement of 5-HTR2A and 5-HTR3A but not 5-HTR1A during the late cross-modal recruitment of the medial monocular visual cortex. These insights contribute to the general understanding of 5-HT function in cortical plasticity and may encourage the search for improved rehabilitation strategies to compensate for sensory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lombaert
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maroussia Hennes
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Gilissen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giel Schevenels
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laetitia Aerts
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ria Vanlaer
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Geenen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Eeckhaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Nys
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Present Address: Laboratory of Synapse Biology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 602, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Verley DR, Torolira D, Pulido B, Gutman B, Bragin A, Mayer A, Harris NG. Remote Changes in Cortical Excitability after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury and Functional Reorganization. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2448-2461. [PMID: 29717625 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cognitive and behavioral deficits are well known to occur following traumatic brain injury (TBI), motor deficits that occur even after mild trauma are far less known, yet are equally persistent. This study was aimed at making progress toward determining how the brain reorganizes in response to TBI. We used the adult rat controlled cortical impact injury model to study the ipsilesional forelimb map evoked by electrical stimulation of the affected limb, as well as the contralesional forelimb map evoked by stimulation of the unaffected limb, both before injury and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). End-point c-FOS immunohistochemistry data following 1 h of constant stimulation of the unaffected limb were acquired in the same rats to avoid any potential confounds due to altered cerebrovascular coupling. Single and paired-pulse sensory evoked potential (SEP) data were recorded from skull electrodes over the contralesional cortex in a parallel series of rats before injury, at 3 days, and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after injury in order to determine whether alterations in cortical excitability accompanied reorganization of the cortical map. The results show a transient trans-hemispheric shift in the ipsilesional cortical map as indicated by fMRI, remote contralesional increases in cortical excitability that occur in spatially similar regions to altered fMRI activity and greater c-FOS activation, and reduced or absent ipsilesional cortical activity chronically. The contralesional changes also were indicated by reduced SEP latency within 3 days after injury, but not by blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI until much later. Detailed interrogation of cortical excitability using paired-pulse electrophysiology showed that the contralesional cortex undergoes both an early and a late post-injury period of hyper-excitability in response to injury, interspersed by a period of relatively normal activity. From these data, we postulate a cross-hemispheric mechanism by which remote cortex excitability inhibits ipsilesional activation by rebalanced cortical excitation-inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Verley
- 1 UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel Torolira
- 1 UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Brandon Pulido
- 1 UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Boris Gutman
- 2 Department of Neurology, Imaging Genetics Center, Keck/ University of Southern California School of Medicine, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California , California
| | - Anatol Bragin
- 3 Department of Neurology, University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrew Mayer
- 4 The MIND Research Network and Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Neil G Harris
- 1 UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California , Los Angeles, California
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Pin-Barre C, Pellegrino C, Laurin F, Laurin J. Cerebral Ischemia Changed the Effect of Metabosensitive Muscle Afferents on Somatic Reflex Without Affecting Thalamic Activity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:638. [PMID: 29896119 PMCID: PMC5986926 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the contribution of group III and IV metabosensitive afferents at spinal and supraspinal levels in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with reperfusion during the acute phase. Animals were randomized in Control (n = 23), SHAM (n = 18), MCAO-D1 (n = 10), and MCAO-D7 (n = 20) groups. Rats performed the Electrical Von Frey and the Adhesive removal tests before the surgery and at day 1 (D1), D3, and D7 after MCAO. Animals were subjected to electrophysiological recordings including the responses of group III/IV metabosensitive afferents to combinations of chemical activators and the triceps brachii somatic reflex activity at D1 or D7. The response of ventral posterolateral (VPL) thalamic nuclei was also recorded after group III/IV afferent activation. Histological measurements were performed to assess the infarct size and to confirm the location of the recording electrodes into the VPL. Behavioral results indicated that MCAO induced disorders of both mechanical sensibility and motor coordination of paretic forepaw during 7 days. Moreover, injured animals exhibited an absence of somatic reflex inhibition from the group III/IV afferents at D1, without affecting the response of both these afferents and the VPL. Finally, the regulation of the central motor drive by group III/IV afferents was modified at spinal level during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia and it might contribute to the observed behavioral disturbances.
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10
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Scheyltjens I, Vreysen S, Van den Haute C, Sabanov V, Balschun D, Baekelandt V, Arckens L. Transient and localized optogenetic activation of somatostatin-interneurons in mouse visual cortex abolishes long-term cortical plasticity due to vision loss. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2073-2095. [PMID: 29372324 PMCID: PMC5968055 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral vision loss through monocular enucleation (ME) results in partial reallocation of visual cortical territory to another sense in adult mice. The functional recovery of the visual cortex occurs through a combination of spared-eye potentiation and cross-modal reactivation driven by whisker-related, somatosensory inputs. Brain region-specific intracortical inhibition was recently recognized as a crucial regulator of the cross-modal component, yet the contribution of specific inhibitory neuron subpopulations remains poorly understood. Somatostatin (SST)-interneurons are ideally located within the cortical circuit to modulate sensory integration. Here we demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation of visual cortex SST-interneurons prior to eye removal decreases ME-induced cross-modal recovery at the stimulation site. Our results suggest that SST-interneurons act as local hubs, which are able to control the influx and extent of cortical cross-modal inputs into the deprived cortex. These insights critically expand our understanding of SST-interneuron-specific regulation of cortical plasticity induced by sensory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Scheyltjens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Samme Vreysen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Victor Sabanov
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Detlef Balschun
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Moon-Massat P, Mullah SHER, Abutarboush R, Saha BK, Pappas G, Haque A, Auker C, McCarron RM, Arnaud F, Scultetus A. Cerebral Vasoactivity and Oxygenation with Oxygen Carrier M101 in Rats. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:2812-2822. [PMID: 26161914 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be reduced if oxygen can be rapidly provided to the injured brain. This study evaluated if the oxygen-carrier M101 causes vasoconstricton of pial vasculature in healthy rats (Experiment 1) and if M101 improves brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) in rats with controlled cortical impact (CCI)-TBI (Experiment 2). M101 (12.5 mL/kg intravenous [IV] over 2 h) caused a mild (9 mm Hg) increase in the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of healthy rats without constriction of cerebral pial arterioles. M101 (12 mL/kg IV over 1 h) caused a modest (27 mm Hg) increase in MAP (peak, 123 ± 5 mm Hg [mean ± standard error of the mean]) of CCI-TBI rats and restored PbtO2 to near pre-injury levels. In both M101 and untreated control (NON) groups, PbtO2 was ∼30 ± 2 mm Hg pre-injury and decreased (p ≤ 0.05) to ∼16 ± 2 mm Hg 15 min after CCI. In NON, PbtO2 remained ∼50% of baseline but M101 administration resulted in a sustained increase in PbtO2 (peak, 25 ± 5 mm Hg), which was not significantly different from pre-injury until the end of the study, when it decreased again below pre-injury (but was still higher than NON). Histopathology showed no differences between groups. In conclusion, M101 increased systemic blood pressures without concurrent cerebral pial vasoconstriction (in healthy rats) and restored PbtO2 to 86% of pre-injury for at least 80 min when given soon after CCI-TBI. M101 should be evaluated in a clinically-relevant large animal model for pre-hospital treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moon-Massat
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Saad Habib-E-Rasul Mullah
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Rania Abutarboush
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Biswajit K Saha
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Georgina Pappas
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Ashraful Haque
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Charles Auker
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Richard M McCarron
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland.,2 Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Francoise Arnaud
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland.,2 Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anke Scultetus
- 1 Department of Neurotrauma, Naval Medical Research Center , Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Silver Spring, Maryland.,2 Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences , Bethesda, Maryland
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12
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Kim JH, Kim YS, Kim SH, Kim SD, Park JY, Kim TS, Joo SP. Contralateral Hemispheric Brain Atrophy After Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage. World Neurosurg 2017; 102:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Le Prieult F, Thal SC, Engelhard K, Imbrosci B, Mittmann T. Acute Cortical Transhemispheric Diaschisis after Unilateral Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:1097-1110. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florie Le Prieult
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Serge C. Thal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Engelhard
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Barbara Imbrosci
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Current affiliation for B.I.: Neurowissenschaftliches Forschungszentrum, University Medical Center of Charité Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittmann
- Institute for Physiology, UMC of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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14
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Ruan L, Wang Y, Chen SC, Zhao T, Huang Q, Hu ZL, Xia NZ, Liu JJ, Chen WJ, Zhang Y, Cheng JL, Gao HC, Yang YJ, Sun HZ. Metabolite changes in the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral hemispheres in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:931-937. [PMID: 28761426 PMCID: PMC5514868 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.208575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia not only causes pathological changes in the ischemic areas but also induces a series of secondary changes in more distal brain regions (such as the contralateral cerebral hemisphere). The impact of supratentorial lesions, which are the most common type of lesion, on the contralateral cerebellum has been studied in patients by positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. In the present study, we investigated metabolite changes in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere after supratentorial unilateral ischemia using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabonomics. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemic stroke was established in rats. Rats were randomly divided into the middle cerebral artery occlusion 1-, 3-, 9- and 24-hour groups and the sham group. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect metabolites in the left and right cerebral hemispheres. Compared with the sham group, the concentrations of lactate, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, choline and glycine in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere were increased in the acute stage, while the concentrations of N-acetyl aspartate, creatinine, glutamate and aspartate were decreased. This demonstrates that there is an upregulation of anaerobic glycolysis (shown by the increase in lactate), a perturbation of choline metabolism (suggested by the increase in choline), neuronal cell damage (shown by the decrease in N-acetyl aspartate) and neurotransmitter imbalance (evidenced by the increase in γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine and by the decrease in glutamate and aspartate) in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. In the contralateral hemisphere, the concentrations of lactate, alanine, glycine, choline and aspartate were increased, while the concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and creatinine were decreased. This suggests that there is a difference in the metabolite changes induced by ischemic injury in the contralateral and ipsilateral cerebral hemispheres. Our findings demonstrate the presence of characteristic changes in metabolites in the contralateral hemisphere and suggest that they are most likely caused by metabolic changes in the ischemic hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ruan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu-Chao Chen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zi-Long Hu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Neng-Zhi Xia
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Jin Liu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Jian Chen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing-Liang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hong-Chang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yun-Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hou-Zhang Sun
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Restani L, Caleo M. Reorganization of Visual Callosal Connections Following Alterations of Retinal Input and Brain Damage. Front Syst Neurosci 2016; 10:86. [PMID: 27895559 PMCID: PMC5107575 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2016.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision is a very important sensory modality in humans. Visual disorders are numerous and arising from diverse and complex causes. Deficits in visual function are highly disabling from a social point of view and in addition cause a considerable economic burden. For all these reasons there is an intense effort by the scientific community to gather knowledge on visual deficit mechanisms and to find possible new strategies for recovery and treatment. In this review, we focus on an important and sometimes neglected player of the visual function, the corpus callosum (CC). The CC is the major white matter structure in the brain and is involved in information processing between the two hemispheres. In particular, visual callosal connections interconnect homologous areas of visual cortices, binding together the two halves of the visual field. This interhemispheric communication plays a significant role in visual cortical output. Here, we will first review the essential literature on the physiology of the callosal connections in normal vision. The available data support the view that the callosum contributes to both excitation and inhibition to the target hemisphere, with a dynamic adaptation to the strength of the incoming visual input. Next, we will focus on data showing how callosal connections may sense visual alterations and respond to the classical paradigm for the study of visual plasticity, i.e., monocular deprivation (MD). This is a prototypical example of a model for the study of callosal plasticity in pathological conditions (e.g., strabismus and amblyopia) characterized by unbalanced input from the two eyes. We will also discuss the findings of callosal alterations in blind subjects. Noteworthy, we will discuss data showing that inter-hemispheric transfer mediates recovery of visual responsiveness following cortical damage. Finally, we will provide an overview of how callosal projections dysfunction could contribute to pathologies such as neglect and occipital epilepsy. A particular focus will be on reviewing noninvasive brain stimulation techniques and optogenetic approaches that allow to selectively manipulate callosal function and to probe its involvement in cortical processing and plasticity. Overall, the data indicate that experience can potently impact on transcallosal connectivity, and that the callosum itself is crucial for plasticity and recovery in various disorders of the visual pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Restani
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR) Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Caleo
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR) Pisa, Italy
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16
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Kalogeraki E, Pielecka-Fortuna J, Hüppe JM, Löwel S. Physical Exercise Preserves Adult Visual Plasticity in Mice and Restores it after a Stroke in the Somatosensory Cortex. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:212. [PMID: 27708575 PMCID: PMC5030272 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary visual cortex (V1) is widely used to study brain plasticity, which is not only crucial for normal brain function, such as learning and memory, but also for recovery after brain injuries such as stroke. In standard cage (SC) raised mice, experience-dependent ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in V1 declines with age and is compromised by a lesion in adjacent and distant cortical regions. In contrast, mice raised in an enriched environment (EE), exhibit lifelong OD plasticity and are protected from losing OD plasticity after a stroke-lesion in the somatosensory cortex. Since SC mice with an access to a running wheel (RW) displayed preserved OD plasticity during aging, we investigated whether physical exercise might also provide a plasticity promoting effect after a cortical stroke. To this end, we tested if adult RW-raised mice preserved OD plasticity after stroke and also if short-term running after stroke restored OD plasticity to SC mice. Indeed, unlike mice without a RW, adult RW mice continued to show OD plasticity even after stroke, and a 2 weeks RW experience after stroke already restored lost OD plasticity. Additionally, the experience-enabled increase of the spatial frequency and contrast threshold of the optomotor reflex of the open eye, normally lost after a stroke, was restored in both groups of RW mice. Our data suggest that physical exercise alone can not only preserve visual plasticity into old age, but also restore it after a cortical stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Kalogeraki
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, JFB Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August Universität GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences (GGNB)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Justyna Pielecka-Fortuna
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, JFB Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Janika M Hüppe
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, JFB Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Siegrid Löwel
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, JFB Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Cho J, Kwon DH, Kim RG, Song H, Rosa-Neto P, Lee MC, Kim HI. Remodeling of Neuronal Circuits After Reach Training in Chronic Capsular Stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2016; 30:941-950. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968316650282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jongwook Cho
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kwon
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ra Gyung Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanlim Song
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Min-Cheol Lee
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ihl Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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18
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Smolders K, Vreysen S, Laramée ME, Cuyvers A, Hu TT, Van Brussel L, Eysel UT, Nys J, Arckens L. Retinal lesions induce fast intrinsic cortical plasticity in adult mouse visual system. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2165-75. [PMID: 26663520 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal activity plays an important role in the development and structural-functional maintenance of the brain as well as in its life-long plastic response to changes in sensory stimulation. We characterized the impact of unilateral 15° laser lesions in the temporal lower visual field of the retina, on visually driven neuronal activity in the afferent visual pathway of adult mice using in situ hybridization for the activity reporter gene zif268. In the first days post-lesion, we detected a discrete zone of reduced zif268 expression in the contralateral hemisphere, spanning the border between the monocular segment of the primary visual cortex (V1) with extrastriate visual area V2M. We could not detect a clear lesion projection zone (LPZ) in areas lateral to V1 whereas medial to V2M, agranular and granular retrosplenial cortex showed decreased zif268 levels over their full extent. All affected areas displayed a return to normal zif268 levels, and this was faster in higher order visual areas than in V1. The lesion did, however, induce a permanent LPZ in the retinorecipient layers of the superior colliculus. We identified a retinotopy-based intrinsic capacity of adult mouse visual cortex to recover from restricted vision loss, with recovery speed reflecting the areal cortical magnification factor. Our observations predict incomplete visual field representations for areas lateral to V1 vs. lack of retinotopic organization for areas medial to V2M. The validation of this mouse model paves the way for future interrogations of cortical region- and cell-type-specific contributions to functional recovery, up to microcircuit level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Smolders
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samme Vreysen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marie-Eve Laramée
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annemie Cuyvers
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tjing-Tjing Hu
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Van Brussel
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulf T Eysel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical School, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julie Nys
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Regional Specificity of GABAergic Regulation of Cross-Modal Plasticity in Mouse Visual Cortex after Unilateral Enucleation. J Neurosci 2015; 35:11174-89. [PMID: 26269628 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3808-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED In adult mice, monocular enucleation (ME) results in an immediate deactivation of the contralateral medial monocular visual cortex. An early restricted reactivation by open eye potentiation is followed by a late overt cross-modal reactivation by whiskers (Van Brussel et al., 2011). In adolescence (P45), extensive recovery of cortical activity after ME fails as a result of suppression or functional immaturity of the cross-modal mechanisms (Nys et al., 2014). Here, we show that dark exposure before ME in adulthood also prevents the late cross-modal reactivation component, thereby converting the outcome of long-term ME into a more P45-like response. Because dark exposure affects GABAergic synaptic transmission in binocular V1 and the plastic immunity observed at P45 is reminiscent of the refractory period for inhibitory plasticity reported by Huang et al. (2010), we molecularly examined whether GABAergic inhibition also regulates ME-induced cross-modal plasticity. Comparison of the adaptation of the medial monocular and binocular cortices to long-term ME or dark exposure or a combinatorial deprivation revealed striking differences. In the medial monocular cortex, cortical inhibition via the GABAA receptor α1 subunit restricts cross-modal plasticity in P45 mice but is relaxed in adults to allow the whisker-mediated reactivation. In line, in vivo pharmacological activation of α1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors in adult ME mice specifically reduces the cross-modal aspect of reactivation. Together with region-specific changes in glutamate acid decarboxylase (GAD) and vesicular GABA transporter expression, these findings put intracortical inhibition forward as an important regulator of the age-, experience-, and cortical region-dependent cross-modal response to unilateral visual deprivation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In adult mice, vision loss through one eye instantly reduces neuronal activity in the visual cortex. Strengthening of remaining eye inputs in the binocular cortex is followed by cross-modal adaptations in the monocular cortex, in which whiskers become a dominant nonvisual input source to attain extensive cortical reactivation. We show that the cross-modal component does not occur in adolescence because of increased intracortical inhibition, a phenotype that was mimicked in adult enucleated mice when treated with indiplon, a GABAA receptor α1 agonist. The cross-modal versus unimodal responses of the adult monocular and binocular cortices also mirror regional specificity in inhibitory alterations after visual deprivation. Understanding cross-modal plasticity in response to sensory loss is essential to maximize patient susceptibility to sensory prosthetics.
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Pielecka-Fortuna J, Kalogeraki E, Greifzu F, Löwel S. A Small Motor Cortex Lesion Abolished Ocular Dominance Plasticity in the Adult Mouse Primary Visual Cortex and Impaired Experience-Dependent Visual Improvements. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137961. [PMID: 26368569 PMCID: PMC4569386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously shown that a small lesion in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) prevented both cortical plasticity and sensory learning in the adult mouse visual system: While 3-month-old control mice continued to show ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in their primary visual cortex (V1) after monocular deprivation (MD), age-matched mice with a small photothrombotically induced (PT) stroke lesion in S1, positioned at least 1 mm anterior to the anterior border of V1, no longer expressed OD-plasticity. In addition, in the S1-lesioned mice, neither the experience-dependent increase of the spatial frequency threshold (“visual acuity”) nor of the contrast threshold (“contrast sensitivity”) of the optomotor reflex through the open eye was present. To assess whether these plasticity impairments can also occur if a lesion is placed more distant from V1, we tested the effect of a PT-lesion in the secondary motor cortex (M2). We observed that mice with a small M2-lesion restricted to the superficial cortical layers no longer expressed an OD-shift towards the open eye after 7 days of MD in V1 of the lesioned hemisphere. Consistent with previous findings about the consequences of an S1-lesion, OD-plasticity in V1 of the nonlesioned hemisphere of the M2-lesioned mice was still present. In addition, the experience-dependent improvements of both visual acuity and contrast sensitivity of the open eye were severely reduced. In contrast, sham-lesioned mice displayed both an OD-shift and improvements of visual capabilities of their open eye. To summarize, our data indicate that even a very small lesion restricted to the superficial cortical layers and more than 3mm anterior to the anterior border of V1 compromised V1-plasticity and impaired learning-induced visual improvements in adult mice. Thus both plasticity phenomena cannot only depend on modality-specific and local nerve cell networks but are clearly influenced by long-range interactions even from distant brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Pielecka-Fortuna
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie and Bernstein Fokus Neurotechnologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Evgenia Kalogeraki
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie and Bernstein Fokus Neurotechnologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Greifzu
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie and Bernstein Fokus Neurotechnologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Siegrid Löwel
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie and Bernstein Fokus Neurotechnologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Imbrosci B, Neitz A, Mittmann T. Focal cortical lesions induce bidirectional changes in the excitability of fast spiking and non fast spiking cortical interneurons. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111105. [PMID: 25347396 PMCID: PMC4210267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A physiological brain function requires neuronal networks to operate within a well-defined range of activity. Indeed, alterations in neuronal excitability have been associated with several pathological conditions, ranging from epilepsy to neuropsychiatric disorders. Changes in inhibitory transmission are known to play a key role in the development of hyperexcitability. However it is largely unknown whether specific interneuronal subpopulations contribute differentially to such pathological condition. In the present study we investigated functional alterations of inhibitory interneurons embedded in a hyperexcitable cortical circuit at the border of chronically induced focal lesions in mouse visual cortex. Interestingly, we found opposite alterations in the excitability of non fast-spiking (Non Fs) and fast-spiking (Fs) interneurons in acute cortical slices from injured animals. Non Fs interneurons displayed a depolarized membrane potential and a higher frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs). In contrast, Fs interneurons showed a reduced sEPSCs amplitude. The observed downscaling of excitatory synapses targeting Fs interneurons may prevent the recruitment of this specific population of interneurons to the hyperexcitable network. This mechanism is likely to seriously affect neuronal network function and to exacerbate hyperexcitability but it may be important to protect this particular vulnerable population of GABAegic neurons from excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Imbrosci
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (BI); (TM)
| | - Angela Neitz
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittmann
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (BI); (TM)
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