1
|
Rodriguez I, Deep A. Phoenix criteria for sepsis: are these enough to guide a clinician? Eur J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s00431-024-05767-1. [PMID: 39256242 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in children worldwide. There is a paucity of data on the criteria used to define sepsis and septic shock and predict mortality. Schlapbach et al. published Phoenix criteria to define sepsis in JAMA in 2024. Previously, paediatricians have used systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, but these criteria lack sensitivity and specificity. This group recommends that sepsis in children be identified by a Phoenix Sepsis Score of at least 2 points in children with suspected infection, which indicates potentially life-threatening dysfunction of the respiratory, cardiovascular, coagulation, and/or neurological systems. Though included in the 8-point criteria, important criteria like renal and liver are missing from the main criteria. We remain worried about the way these criteria got excluded from the main criteria. Therefore, in this brief report, whilst commending the authors for this stelar task, we highlight the main pitfalls in these criteria especially the renal, neurologic, and liver criteria. These criteria have been shown to be independently associated with outcomes, and we recommend that in the future iterations of the criteria, renal and liver criteria should be defined according to latest definitions and the task force consider utilizing latest criteria for each organ system involved within the formulated criteria. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Phoenix criteria are a step in the right direction to define life-threatening organ dysfunction in sepsis, but clinicians need to be mindful that diagnosis/treatment of less severe sepsis should not be delayed if these criteria are not met. Therefore, local early detection and management tools for sepsis should be followed. WHAT IS KNOWN • There has always been a quest for a definition for pediatric sepsis. There are limitations to the previous pediatric sepsis criteria which were published in 2005 by the International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference (IPSCC). IPSCC defines sepsis as a suspected or confirmed infection in the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). These new Phoenix Pediatric Sepsis (PPS) criteria for sepsis and septic shock are intended to identify children with life-threatening organ dysfunction due to infection, and the score was developed based on a very large pediatric dataset. WHAT IS NEW • Though the intention of Phoenix criteria is to help identify children with life threatening organ dysfunction, unfortunately the crietria will miss signs of early sepis. In this manuscript, we point out some of the drawbacks of these criteria which need to be borne in mind while applying these criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Rodriguez
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Akash Deep
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ling CM, Sheferaw TF, Denno DM, Chasweka D, Kamiza SB, Ordi J, Moxon CA, Kats K, Khoswe S, Mbale E, Ziwoya F, Tembo A, Attipa C, Potani I, Kim PK, Berkley JA, Walson JL, Voskuijl WP, Bandsma RHJ. Hepatic mitochondrial and peroxisomal alterations in acutely ill malnourished Malawian children: A postmortem cohort study. GLOBAL PEDIATRICS 2024; 9:None. [PMID: 39267884 PMCID: PMC11387285 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To describe and compare liver mitochondrial and peroxisomal histopathology by nutritional status in children who died following hospitalization for acute illness in Malawi. Methods Liver tissue was collected using Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling from eleven children under-five years old who died during hospitalization and were either non-wasted (n = 4), severely wasted (n = 4) or had edematous malnutrition (n = 3). Histology was assessed on hematoxylin and eosin stained slides. Mitochondrial and peroxisomal ultrastructural features were characterized using electron microscopy (EM) and immunofluorescence (IF). Results Hepatic steatosis was present in 50 % of non-wasted and severely wasted children and all children with edematous malnutrition. Edematous malnutrition was associated with 56 % and 45 % fewer mitochondria than severe wasting (p < 0.001) and no wasting (p = 0.006), respectively, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology compared to severe wasting (p = 0.002) and no wasting (p = 0.035). Peroxisomal abundance was reduced in edematous malnutrition compared to severe wasting (p = 0.005), but did not differ from no-wasting. Conclusion Edematous malnutrition is associated with reduced abundance and altered morphology of hepatic mitochondria and peroxisomes. Interventions targeting improvements in hepatic metabolic function may be beneficial in improving metabolism and reducing mortality in children with severe malnutrition, particularly in those with nutritional edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catriona M Ling
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tewabu F Sheferaw
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Centre for Global Child Health, Emma Children's hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Donna M Denno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dennis Chasweka
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Steve B Kamiza
- Department of Pathology, Kumuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Jaume Ordi
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christopher A Moxon
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- Welcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Kim Kats
- Department of Biomedical Science of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stanley Khoswe
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Emmie Mbale
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Frank Ziwoya
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Abel Tembo
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Charalampos Attipa
- Department of Pathology, Kumuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
- Department of Pathology, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Potani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Peter K Kim
- Department of Biochemsitry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James A Berkley
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Judd L Walson
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Wieger P Voskuijl
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Centre for Global Child Health, Emma Children's hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert H J Bandsma
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition (CHAIN) Network, c/o KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song Y, Maged Abdulsalam Mohammed Ali AM, Yang W, Sun L. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with early sepsis-related liver injury in Northeast China. J Intensive Care Med 2024:8850666241277512. [PMID: 39175409 DOI: 10.1177/08850666241277512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Background: Sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) occurs in about a third of septic patients, and it is often a poor prognostic factor. However, there are few studies on early SALI and its impact on the clinical course of sepsis. Here we explored the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis of early SALI. Methods: Two hundred and one patients with confirmed sepsis were divided into those with and without early SALI (on admission) based on liver function. The clinical characteristics and prognosis were compared between groups and associated factors identified by multivariable regression analysis. Results: Sepsis-related liver injury was present in 18.9% of septic patients on admission. High aspartate transaminase (AST), high direct bilirubin, and low plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA, factor XI) were risk factors for sepsis with SALI: the area under the AST curve was 0.825, corresponding to a sensitivity of 0.67 and a specificity of 0.93 (cutoff 91.6 U/L), the area under the direct bilirubin curve was 0.86, corresponding to a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.71 (cutoff 8.35 μmol/L), and the area under the PTA curve was 0.678, corresponding to a sensitivity of 0.47 and a specificity of 0.93 (cutoff 54.0). Conclusion: Septic patients with early SALI have early-onset coagulation disorders that must be recognized to instigate early intervention and halt sepsis progression. Elevated AST, PTA, and direct bilirubin may be independent risk markers of sepsis-related liver injury, and extra clinical vigilance is required when these factors are noted in patients with sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Weiying Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lichao Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu J, Shen W, Zhang X, Zhu H, Wu Y, Wang Q, Cui C, Zha L, Lu YJ, Liu R, Lin X. Examining the relationship between alterations in plasma cholesterol, vascular endothelin-1 levels, and the severity of sepsis in children: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38348. [PMID: 38996171 PMCID: PMC11245241 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the significant impact of total cholesterol (TC) and vascular endothelin-1 (ET-1) on children sepsis outcomes, this research aimed to explore the association between the levels of plasma cholesterol and vascular endothelin-1 and the severity of sepsis and evaluated its clinical implications. In this study, we examined 250 pediatric patients diagnosed with sepsis between February 2019 and April 2021, collecting data on their plasma levels of TC and ET-1. Depending on the observed outcomes, the participants were divided into 2 categories: a group with a positive prognosis (control group, n = 100) and a group with a negative prognosis (n = 50). We assessed the significance of plasma TC and ET-1 levels in forecasting the outcomes for these pediatric patients. Patients in the group with a poor prognosis experienced notably longer hospital stays and higher treatment expenses than those in the control group (P < .05). Within the first 24 hours of admission and again on days 3 and 7, the levels of ET-1 were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group, whereas plasma TC levels were notably lower in comparison to the control group (P < .05). A Spearman correlation analysis identified a significant correlation between the levels of plasma TC and ET-1 and the severity of sepsis among the children (P < .05). The diagnostic performance for the severity of sepsis in children, as measured by the area under the curve (AUC), was 0.805 for plasma TC, 0.777 for ET-1 levels, and 0.938 when both were combined. This investigation underscores a meaningful relationship between the levels of plasma TC and ET-1 in pediatric sepsis patients, suggesting these biomarkers are highly valuable in predicting patient outcomes. High levels of ET-1 and low levels of TC in these patients signify a grave condition and a poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Xuyi People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonic, Huai’an NO.3 People’s Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongli Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunduo Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changqiang Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zha
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Jiao Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care center (The Huai’an Maternity and Child Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mo Y, Deng S, Ai Y, Li W. SS-31 inhibits the inflammatory response by increasing ATG5 and promoting autophagy in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149887. [PMID: 38581954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeting short peptide. Recent studies have indicated its hepatoprotective effects. In our study, we investigated the impact of SS-31 on LPS-induced autophagy in HepG2 cells. The results obtained from a dual-fluorescence autophagy detection system revealed that SS-31 promotes the formation of autolysosomes and autophagosomes, thereby facilitating autophagic flux to a certain degree. Additionally, both ELISA and qPCR analyses provided further evidence that SS-31 safeguards HepG2 cells against inflammatory responses triggered by LPS through ATG5-dependent autophagy. In summary, our study demonstrates that SS-31 inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammation in HepG2 cells by upregulating ATG5-dependent autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Mo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Songyun Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Plastic Surgery, Yaoyanzhi Aesthetic Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, China.
| | - Yuhang Ai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Wenchao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Emergency Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sawoo R, Dey R, Ghosh R, Bishayi B. Exogenous IL-10 posttreatment along with TLR4 and TNFR1 blockade improves tissue antioxidant status by modulating sepsis-induced macrophage polarization. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1549-1572. [PMID: 37177863 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multi-organ dysfunction is one of the major reasons behind the high mortality of sepsis throughout the world. With the pathophysiology of sepsis remaining largely unknown, the uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) production along with the decreased antioxidants contributes to the progression toward septic shock. Being the effector cells of the innate immunity system, macrophages secrete both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators during inflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) releases TNF-α, which initiates pro-inflammatory events through tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) signaling. However, it is counteracted by the anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) causing decreased oxidative stress. Our study thus aimed to assess the effects of exogenous IL-10 treatment post-neutralization of TLR4 and TNFR1 (by anti-TLR4 antibody and anti-TNFR1 antibody, respectively) in an in vivo murine model of LPS-sepsis. We have also examined the tissue-specific antioxidant status in the spleen, liver, and lungs along with the serum cytokine levels in adult male Swiss albino mice to determine the functional association with the disease. The results showed that administration of recombinant IL-10 post-neutralization of the receptors was beneficial in shifting the macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. IL-10 treatment significantly downregulated the free radicals production resulting in diminished lipid peroxidase (LPO) levels. The increased antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GRX ) conferred protection against LPS-induced sepsis. Western blot data further confirmed diminished expressions of TLR4 and TNFR1 along with suppressed stress-activated protein kinases/Jun amino-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) and increased SOD and CAT expressions, which altogether indicated that neutralization of TLR4 and TNFR1 along with IL-10 posttreatment might be a potential therapeutic measure for the treatment of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritasha Sawoo
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
| | - Rajen Dey
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
| | - Rituparna Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Development of a nomogram for predicting 90-day mortality in patients with sepsis-associated liver injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3662. [PMID: 36871054 PMCID: PMC9985651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate in sepsis patients is related to sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI). We sought to develop an accurate forecasting nomogram to estimate individual 90-day mortality in SALI patients. Data from 34,329 patients were extracted from the public Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database. SALI was defined by total bilirubin (TBIL) > 2 mg/dL and the occurrence of an international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.5 in the presence of sepsis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to establish a prediction model called the nomogram based on the training set (n = 727), which was subsequently subjected to internal validation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SALI was an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with sepsis. The Kaplan‒Meier curves for 90-day survival were different between the SALI and non-SALI groups after propensity score matching (PSM) (log rank: P < 0.001 versus P = 0.038), regardless of PSM balance. The nomogram demonstrated better discrimination than the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, logistic organ dysfunction system (LODS) score, simplified acute physiology II (SAPS II) score, and Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) score in the training and validation sets, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.778 (95% CI 0.730-0.799, P < 0.001) and 0.804 (95% CI 0.713-0.820, P < 0.001), respectively. The calibration plot showed that the nomogram was sufficiently successful to predict the probability of 90-day mortality in both groups. The DCA of the nomogram demonstrated a higher net benefit regarding clinical usefulness than SOFA, LODS, SAPSII, and ALBI scores in the two groups. The nomogram performs exceptionally well in predicting the 90-day mortality rate in SALI patients, which can be used to assess the prognosis of patients with SALI and may assist in guiding clinical practice to enhance patient outcomes.
Collapse
|
8
|
Matouk AI, El-Daly M, Habib HA, Senousy S, Naguib Abdel Hafez SM, Kasem AW, Almalki WH, Alzahrani A, Alshehri A, Ahmed ASF. Protective effects of menthol against sepsis-induced hepatic injury: Role of mediators of hepatic inflammation, apoptosis, and regeneration. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952337. [PMID: 36120368 PMCID: PMC9476320 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver dysfunction in sepsis is a major complication that amplifies multiple organ failure and increases the risk of death. Inflammation and oxidative stress are the main mediators in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Therefore, we investigated the role of menthol, a natural antioxidant, against sepsis-induced liver injury in female Wistar rats. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Menthol (100 mg/kg) was given intragastric 2 h after CLP. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected 24 h after surgery. Menthol significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the sepsis-induced elevation in serum liver enzymes and improved the hepatic histopathological changes. Menthol treatment significantly (p < 0.05) decreased hepatic levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, total nitrite, and cleaved caspase-3. It restored the hepatic levels of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. Additionally, menthol significantly (p < 0.05) increased hepatic levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2); an anti-apoptotic factor, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a biomarker of regeneration and survival. Our results showed the therapeutic potential of menthol against liver injury induced by sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa I. Matouk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Heba A. Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Senousy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | | | - AlShaimaa W. Kasem
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, AlBaha University, Al Bahah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, AlBaha University, Al Bahah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Al-Shaimaa F. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Al-Shaimaa F. Ahmed,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
SOFA Score in relation to Sepsis: Clinical Implications in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognostic Assessment. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7870434. [PMID: 35991153 PMCID: PMC9385349 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7870434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the clinical significance of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment of sepsis. Methods 140 patients with sepsis from January 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the observation group, and 40 healthy people were selected as the control group. The observation group was divided into mild group, severe group, and septic shock group by single blind grouping according to the condition of the disease, and they were also divided into survival group and death group according to the prognosis. Collect the fasting venous blood of the subjects in each group in the morning, compare the levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), blood creatinine (CR), and platelet count (PLT) in each group, and record and compare the patients' respiratory system oxygen partial pressure/inhaled oxygen concentration (po2/fio2), acute physiology and chronic health scoring system II (APACHE II), sequential organ failure assessment (sofa) score, q-SOFA score, and △SOFA score; Pearson analysis was used to analyze the correlation between SOFA score and other indicators; multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the prognostic risk factors of patients with sepsis; receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the value of SOFA score alone and in combination in the diagnosis, condition, and prognosis of sepsis. Results There were significant differences in Apache II score, SOFA score, q-SOFA score map, po2/fio2, PLT, GCS, TBIL, and serum creatinine (SCR) between the control group and the observation group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in Apache II score, SOFA score, q-SOFA score, mean arterial pressure (map) po2/fio2, PLT, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), TBIL, SCR, and △SOFA score among patients in mild, severe, and septic shock groups (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in age, Apache II score, SOFA score, q-SOFA score, map, po2/fio2, PLT, GCS, TBIL, SCR, and △SOFA score between survival group and death group (P < 0.05). SOFA score and q-SOFA score were significantly positively correlated with TBIL and SCR and significantly negatively correlated with po2/fio2 and PLT; △SOFA score was significantly negatively correlated with TBIL and SCR and significantly positively correlated with map, po2/fio2, PLT, and GCS. Apache II score, SOFA score, and q-SOFA score were independent risk factors for sepsis patients, and △SOFA score, po2/fio2, and GCS score were protective factors (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of sepsis combined with SOFA score and q-SOFA score was 0.880; the AUC of sepsis assessed by SOFA score, q-SOFA score, and △SOFA score was 0.929; the AUC of sepsis prognosis assessed by SOFA score, q-SOFA score, and △SOFA score was 0.900. Conclusion SOFA score, q-SOFA score, and △SOFA score were abnormally expressed in patients with sepsis and were risk factors for the severity of the patient's condition and prognosis. The SOFA score, q-SOFA score, and △SOFA score were risk factors for the severity and prognosis of patients with sepsis and had some value in diagnosing sepsis and assessing the condition and prognosis, of which the combined value of the three was higher.
Collapse
|