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KÜÇÜKKAYA EREN S, BAHADOR ZIRH E, ZIRH S, SHARAFI P, ZEYBEK ND. Combined effects of bone morphogenetic protein-7 and mineral trioxide aggregate on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2022; 30:e20220086. [PMID: 36102412 PMCID: PMC9469872 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive molecules present the potential to be used along with biomaterials in vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the combined use of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). METHODOLOGY For the proliferation analysis, DPSCs were incubated with a growth medium and treated with MTA and/or BMP-7 at different concentrations. For the following analyses, DPSCs were incubated with a differentiation medium and treated with MTA and/or BMP-7. Moreover, there were groups in which DPSCs were incubated with the growth medium (control), the differentiation medium, or DMEM/F12 containing fetal bovine serum, and not treated with MTA or BMP-7. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the WST-1 assay. The odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red staining, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell migration was evaluated using a wound-healing assay. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey test (p=0.05). RESULTS The use of BMP-7 with MTA presented no significant effect on cell proliferation in comparison with the treatment with MTA alone (p>0.05), but showed higher ALP activity, increased mineralization, and higher expression of DMP1 and DSPP when compared with other groups (p<0.05). Nestin expression was higher in the control group than in groups treated with MTA and/or BMP-7 (p<0.05). The cell migration rate increased after treatment with MTA when compared with other groups in all periods of time (p<0.05). At 72 hours, the wound area was smaller in groups treated with MTA and/or BMP-7 than in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The use of BMP-7 with MTA increased odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation without adversely affecting proliferation and migration of DPSCs. The use of BMP-7 with MTA may improve treatment outcomes by increasing repair and regeneration capacity of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen KÜÇÜKKAYA EREN
- Hacettepe UniversityFaculty of DentistryDepartment of EndodonticsAnkaraTurkeyHacettepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Elham BAHADOR ZIRH
- TOBB University of Economics and TechnologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyAnkaraTurkeyTOBB University of Economics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Selim ZIRH
- Erzincan Binali Yıldırım UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyErzincanTurkeyErzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Parisa SHARAFI
- TOBB University of Economics and TechnologyFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical Biology and GeneticsAnkaraTurkeyTOBB University of Economics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Naciye Dilara ZEYBEK
- Hacettepe UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyAnkaraTurkeyHacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey.
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Kobayashi Y, Nouet J, Baljinnyam E, Siddiqui Z, Fine DH, Fraidenraich D, Kumar VA, Shimizu E. iPSC-derived cranial neural crest-like cells can replicate dental pulp tissue with the aid of angiogenic hydrogel. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:290-301. [PMID: 35310357 PMCID: PMC8897656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp has irreplaceable roles in maintaining healthy teeth and its regeneration is a primary aim of regenerative endodontics. This study aimed to replicate the characteristics of dental pulp tissue by using cranial neural crest (CNC)-like cells (CNCLCs); these cells were generated by modifying several steps of a previously established method for deriving NC-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). CNC is the anterior region of the neural crest in vertebrate embryos, which contains the primordium of dental pulp cells or odontoblasts. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately 2.5–12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. Furthermore, the CNCLCs exhibited remarkable odontoblastic differentiation ability, especially when treated with a combination of the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) FGF4 and FGF9. The FGFs induced odontoblast marker genes by 1.7–5.0-fold, as compared to bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) treatment. In a mouse subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs briefly fated with FGF4 + FGF9 replicated dental pulp tissue characteristics, such as harboring odontoblast-like cells, a dentin-like layer, and vast neovascularization, induced by the angiogenic self-assembling peptide hydrogel (SAPH), SLan. SLan acts as a versatile biocompatible scaffold in the canal space. This study demonstrated a successful collaboration between regenerative medicine and SAPH technology. Cranial neural crest like cells (CNCLCs) were generated by simplifying a previously established method for deriving neural crest-like cells from iPSCs. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately ∼12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. The combination of fibroblast growth factors, FGF4 and FGF9, induced the CNCLCs toward odontoblastic differentiation more effectively than BMP4. In a mice subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs replicated the characteristics of dental pulp harboring vast neovascularization with the aid of the angiogenic hydrogel, SLan.
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The Role of Dendritic Cells during Physiological and Pathological Dentinogenesis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153348. [PMID: 34362130 PMCID: PMC8348392 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp is a soft connective tissue of ectomesenchymal origin that harbors distinct cell populations, capable of interacting with each other to maintain the vitality of the tooth. After tooth injuries, a sequence of complex biological events takes place in the pulpal tissue to restore its homeostasis. The pulpal response begins with establishing an inflammatory reaction that leads to the formation of a matrix of reactionary or reparative dentin, according to the nature of the exogenous stimuli. Using several in vivo designs, antigen-presenting cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), are identified in the pulpal tissue before tertiary dentin deposition under the afflicted area. However, the precise nature of this phenomenon and its relationship to inherent pulp cells are not yet clarified. This literature review aims to discuss the role of pulpal DCs and their relationship to progenitor/stem cells, odontoblasts or odontoblast-like cells, and other immunocompetent cells during physiological and pathological dentinogenesis. The concept of “dentin-pulp immunology” is proposed for understanding the crosstalk among these cell types after tooth injuries, and the possibility of immune-based therapies is introduced to accelerate pulpal healing after exogenous stimuli.
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Tanaka S, Toriumi T, Ito T, Okuwa Y, Futenma T, Otake K, Akiyama Y, Kurita K, Nagao T, Honda M. Histological analysis of dental pulp response in immature or mature teeth after extra-oral subcutaneous transplantation into mice dorsum. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:184-190. [PMID: 33731506 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.20-0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the response of dental pulp associated with donor or host cells in the pulp chamber and root canal after extra-oral transplantation. METHODS Wild type or green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic first molars from 3-week, 6-week, and 12-week mice were transplanted into the subcutaneous layer of GFP mice or wild type mice. The teeth were histologically and immunohistochemically examined at 5 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS Blood vessels present in the original coronal pulp had anastomosed with those from the recipient tissue that had invaded the root canal. Two distinct eosin-stained extracellular matrices were observed in the pulp chamber and root canal. Acellular matrix composed of nestin-positive, odontoblast-like cells invaded from the outside and was seen in the root canal of 3-week teeth. Cellular matrix comprising alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive fibroblast-like cells appeared in the original coronal pulp. In the root canal of the 6-week and 12-week teeth, cellular extracellular matrix consisting of ALP-positive fibroblast-like cells had invaded the recipient tissue. CONCLUSION Dental pulp from immature teeth might be able to regenerate dentin-like tissue. This model could be useful in the development of an optimized vitalization treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Taku Toriumi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Tatsuaki Ito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Yuta Okuwa
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Taku Futenma
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Keita Otake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Yasunori Akiyama
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Kenichi Kurita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Toru Nagao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
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Lee DJ, Lee SJ, Lee MJ, Kim EJ, Ohshima H, Jung HS. The role of angiogenesis and pulpal healing in tooth replantation and allograft transplantation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100945. [PMID: 33681479 PMCID: PMC7907976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth transplantation is one of the treatment options for extracted teeth that can be considered before dental implantation. Although the success rate of tooth transplantation is lower than that of implantation, tooth replantation and transplantation have the great advantage of using natural teeth. Tooth replantation might be considered a promising option in some cases. In present study, the expression patterns of revascularization and pulpal healing, which are the most important for the pulp viability, were analyzed after tooth replantation and allograft in mice. The inflammatory response and root dentin resorption were observed and not different between replantation and allograft in initiation of healing process. However, bonelike tissue formation, pulp revascularization and pulp healing were faster in replantation. The difference of healing patterns between tooth replantation and allograft found in present study will be helpful to select the treatment option and to understand healing mechanism. The expression of healing markers begins in root canal and moves to pulp cavity. Pulp healing response becomes normal in 7 days after tooth replantation. Overall healing process in tooth replantation is faster than allograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Depart of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Corresponding author. Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
- Corresponding author. Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Zeb Khan S, Mirza S, Karim S, Inoue T, Bin-Shuwaish MS, Al Deeb L, Al Ahdal K, Al-Hamdan RS, Maawadh AM, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Immunohistochemical study of dental pulp cells with 3D collagen type I gel in demineralized dentin tubules in vivo. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; 20:438-444. [PMID: 32216743 PMCID: PMC7664783 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp cells (DPCs) represent good candidates for the regeneration of dental tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and differentiation potential of DPCs cultured inside demineralized dentin tubules in vivo. Six green fluorescent protein-transgenic rats (body weight 100 g each) and thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (body weight 250 g each) were used for DPC collection and dentin tubules preparation and transplantation, respectively. Third-passage DPCs with or without collagen gels were loaded into demineralized dentin tubules. Both types of grafts were transplanted into the rectus abdominis muscles of SD rats and were harvested after 21 days. The expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), nestin, and dentin sialoprotein (DSP) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Histological analysis showed that DPCs in the collagen gel formed an osteodentin-like hard tissue matrix after 21 days. Increased positive immunoreactivity for ALP, BSP, OPN, nestin, and DSP was observed in experimental groups compared with control. Our results demonstrate that DPCs in collagen gel inside demineralized dentin tubules show increased growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Zeb Khan
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sana Mirza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samina Karim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mohammed S Bin-Shuwaish
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Al Deeb
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khold Al Ahdal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana S Al-Hamdan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Maawadh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Saito K, Ohshima H. The putative role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 5 independent of IGF in the maintenance of pulpal homeostasis in mice. Regen Ther 2019; 11:217-224. [PMID: 31516919 PMCID: PMC6732709 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) may play a crucial role in activating the functions of periodontal and bone marrow stem cells, the factors responsible for regulating the maintenance of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) remain to be clarified. This study aimed to elucidate the role of IGFBP5 in maintaining pulpal homeostasis during tooth development and pulpal healing after tooth injury in doxycycline-inducible TetOP-histone 2B (H2B)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (GFP expression was induced at E14.5 or E15.5) by using TUNEL assay, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization for Igfbp5, and immunohistochemistry for IGFBP5, Nestin, and GFP. To observe the pulpal response to exogenous stimuli, the roots of the maxillary first molars were resected, and the coronal portion was autografted into the sublingual region. Intense IGFBP5/Igfbp5 expression was observed in cells from the center of the pulp tissue and the subodontoblastic layer in developing teeth during postnatal Week 4. Intense H2B-GFP-expressing label-retaining cells (LRCs) were localized in the subodontoblastic layer in addition to the center of the pulp tissue, suggesting that slowly dividing cell populations reside in these areas. During postoperative days 3–7, the LRCs were maintained in the dental pulp, showed an IGFBP5-positve reaction in their nuclei, and lacked a TUNEL-positive reaction. In situ hybridization and RT-PCR analyses confirmed the expression of Igfbp5 in the dental pulp. These findings suggest that IGFBP5 play a pivotal role in regulating the survival and apoptosis of DPSCs during both tooth development and pulpal healing following tooth injury.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, one-way analysis of variance
- Apoptosis
- DAB, diaminobenzidine
- DPSC, dental pulp stem cell
- Dental pulp
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- H2B, histone 2B
- IGF, insulin-like growth factor
- IGF-IR, insulin-like growth factor I receptor
- IGFBP5, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5
- LRC, label-retaining cell
- MAS, Matsunami adhesive silane
- Mice (Transgenic)
- PDLSCs, periodontal ligament stem cells
- RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
- Stem cells
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling
- Transplantation
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Differentiation capacity and maintenance of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells in the process of pulpal healing following tooth injuries. J Oral Biosci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Song Z, Chen L, Guo J, Qin W, Wang R, Huang S, Yang X, Tian Y, Lin Z. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily C, Member 1 in the Odontoblast-like Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells. J Endod 2016; 43:315-320. [PMID: 28041683 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium ions (Ca2+) actively participate in reparative dentin formation by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1 (TRPC1) activates Ca2+ entry upon store depletion in a variety of cell types. However, the function of TRPC1 in hDPCs has not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the role of TRPC1 in hDPCs undergoing odontoblast-like differentiation. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the distribution of TRPC1 in pulp tissues. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein level of TRPC1 in the odontoblast-like differentiation of hDPCs. Knockdown of TRPC1 was performed with an adenoviral vector to evaluate the role of TRPC1 in hDPCs during odontoblast-like differentiation. RESULTS The results showed that TRPC1 was highly expressed in the cytoplasm of dental pulp cells, especially in the odontoblast layer of the healthy pulp. Moreover, the protein level of TRPC1 increased in a time-dependent manner during the odontoblast-like differentiation of hDPCs. Importantly, knockdown of TRPC1 attenuated the process of odontoblast-like differentiation as indicated by the reduction in mineralized nodules and the down-regulation of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1. Moreover, knockdown of TRPC1 decreased Ca2+ entry to the cytoplasm of hDPCs. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated a pivotal role of TRPC1 in the odontoblastlike differentiation of hDPCs, which may be a therapeutic target to enhance reparative dentin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Song
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Runfu Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaguang Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Inada E, Saitoh I, Kubota N, Soda M, Matsueda K, Murakami T, Sawami T, Kagoshima A, Yamasaki Y, Sato M. Alkaline phosphatase and OCT-3/4 as useful markers for predicting susceptibility of human deciduous teeth-derived dental pulp cells to reprogramming factor-induced iPS cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8. [PMID: 27641728 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to prove that primary cells enriched with stem cells are more easily reprogrammed to generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells than those with scarce numbers of stem cells. METHODS We surveyed the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in five primarily-isolated human deciduous teeth-derived dental pulp cells (HDDPC) with cytochemical staining to examine the possible presence of stem cells. Next, the expression of stemness-specific factors, such as OCT(Octumer-binding transcription factor)3/4, NANOG, SOX2(SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2), CD90, muscle segment homeodomain homeobox (MSX) 1, and MSX2, was assessed with a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Finally, these isolated HDDPC were transfected with plasmids carrying genes coding Yamanaka factors to determine whether these cells could be reprogrammed to generate iPS cells. RESULTS Of the five primarily-isolated HDDPC, two (HDDPC-1 and -5) exhibited higher degrees of ALP activity. OCT-3/4 expression was also prominent in those two lines. Furthermore, these two lines proliferated faster than the other three lines. The transfection of HDDPC with Yamanaka factors resulted in the generation of iPS cells from HDDPC-1 and -5. CONCLUSION The number of cells with the stemness property of HDDPC differs among individuals, which suggests that HDDPC showing an increased expression of both ALP and OCT-3/4 can be more easily reprogrammed to generate iPS cells after the forced expression of reprogramming factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Inada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoko Kubota
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miki Soda
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsueda
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoya Murakami
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tadashi Sawami
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Kagoshima
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Youichi Yamasaki
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Hosoya A, Nakamura H. Ability of stem and progenitor cells in the dental pulp to form hard tissue. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Chen G, Sun Q, Xie L, Jiang Z, Feng L, Yu M, Guo W, Tian W. Comparison of the Odontogenic Differentiation Potential of Dental Follicle, Dental Papilla, and Cranial Neural Crest Cells. J Endod 2015; 41:1091-9. [PMID: 25882137 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During tooth development, cells originating from the neural crest serve as precursors to the cells in the dental follicle and dental papilla. Therefore, the current study aimed to understand the associations of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs), dental follicle cells (DFCs), and dental papilla cells (DPCs) by performing a parallel comparison to evaluate their odontogenic differentiation capacities. METHODS In this study, we harvested the 3 cells from C57/green fluorescent protein-positive mice or embryos and compared the cell morphology, surface antigens, microstructures, and gene and protein expression. Under the odontogenic microenvironments provided by treated dentin matrix, the odontogenic differentiations of the 3 cells were further compared in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The gene levels of DFCs in neurofilament, tubulin, and nestin were close to the DPCs, and in alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, dentin matrix protein 1, and dentin sialophosphoprotein were the lowest in the 3 cells. However, Western blot results showed that DFCs possessed more similar protein profiles to CNCCs than DPCs, including collagen 1, transforming growth factor beta 1, osteopontin, neurofilament, and dentin matrix protein 1. Meanwhile, DFCs as 1 source of dental stem cells possessed high potency in odontogenic differentiation in vitro. Moreover, similar dentinlike tissues were observed in all 3 groups in vivo. CONCLUSIONS CNCCs, DFCs, and DPCs possessed different biological characteristics in odontogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qince Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Pedodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Fiane JET, Breivik M, Vandevska-Radunovic V. A histomorphometric and radiographic study of replanted human premolars. Eur J Orthod 2014; 36:641-648. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjt088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Saito K, Nakatomi M, Kenmotsu S, Ohshima H. Allogenic tooth transplantation inhibits the maintenance of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells in mice. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 356:357-67. [PMID: 24671256 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Our recent study suggested that allogenic tooth transplantation may affect the maintenance of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells. This study aims to elucidate the influence of allograft on the maintenance of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells following tooth replantation and allo- or auto-genic tooth transplantation in mice using BrdU chasing, immunohistochemistry for BrdU, nestin and Ki67, in situ hybridization for Dspp, transmission electron microscopy and TUNEL assay. Following extraction of the maxillary first molar in BrdU-labeled animals, the tooth was immediately repositioned in the original socket, or the roots were resected and immediately allo- or auto-grafted into the sublingual region in non-labeled or the same animals. In the control group, two types of BrdU label-retaining cells (LRCs) were distributed throughout the dental pulp: those with dense or those with granular reaction for BrdU. In the replants and autogenic transplants, dense LRCs remained in the center of dental pulp associating with the perivascular environment throughout the experimental period and possessed a proliferative capacity and maintained the differentiation capacity into the odontoblast-like cells or fibroblasts. In contrast, LRCs disappeared in the center of the pulp tissue by postoperative week 4 in the allografts. The disappearance of LRCs was attributed to the extensive apoptosis occurring significantly in LRCs except for the newly-differentiated odontoblast-like cells even in cases without immunological rejection. The results suggest that the host and recipient interaction in the allografts disturbs the maintenance of dense LRCs, presumably stem/progenitor cells, resulting in the disappearance of these cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Saito
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
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Ida-Yonemochi H, Nakatomi M, Ohshima H. Establishment of in vitro culture system for evaluating dentin–pulp complex regeneration with special reference to the differentiation capacity of BrdU label-retaining dental pulp cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 142:323-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Khonsari RH, Ohazama A, Raouf R, Kawasaki M, Kawasaki K, Porntaveetus T, Ghafoor S, Hammond P, Suttie M, Odri GA, Sandford RN, Wood JN, Sharpe PT. Multiple postnatal craniofacial anomalies are characterized by conditional loss of polycystic kidney disease 2 (Pkd2). Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:1873-85. [PMID: 23390131 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystin 2 (Pkd2), which belongs to the transient receptor potential family, plays a critical role in development. Pkd2 is mainly localized in the primary cilia, which also function as mechanoreceptors in many cells that influence multiple biological processes including Ca(2+) influx, chemical activity and signalling pathways. Mutations in many cilia proteins result in craniofacial abnormalities. Orofacial tissues constantly receive mechanical forces and are known to develop and grow through intricate signalling pathways. Here we investigate the role of Pkd2, whose role remains unclear in craniofacial development and growth. In order to determine the role of Pkd2 in craniofacial development, we located expression in craniofacial tissues and analysed mice with conditional deletion of Pkd2 in neural crest-derived cells, using Wnt1Cre mice. Pkd2 mutants showed many signs of mechanical trauma such as fractured molar roots, distorted incisors, alveolar bone loss and compressed temporomandibular joints, in addition to abnormal skull shapes. Significantly, mutants showed no indication of any of these phenotypes at embryonic stages when heads perceive no significant mechanical stress in utero. The results suggest that Pkd2 is likely to play a critical role in craniofacial growth as a mechanoreceptor. Pkd2 is also identified as one of the genes responsible for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Since facial anomalies have never been identified in ADPKD patients, we carried out three-dimensional photography of patient faces and analysed these using dense surface modelling. This analysis revealed specific characteristics of ADPKD patient faces, some of which correlated with those of the mutant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman H Khonsari
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Research, and Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Dental Institute, King’s College London, London, UK
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Frozoni M, Balic A, Sagomonyants K, Zaia AA, Line SRP, Mina M. A feasibility study for the analysis of reparative dentinogenesis in pOBCol3.6GFPtpz transgenic mice. Int Endod J 2012; 45:907-14. [PMID: 22551423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the feasibility of using the pOBCol3.6GFPtpz [3.6-green fluorescent protein (GFP)] transgenic mice as an in vivo model for studying the biological sequence of events during pulp healing and reparative dentinogenesis. METHODOLOGY Pulp exposures were created in the first maxillary molar of 12-16-week-old 3.6-GFP transgenic mice with CD1 and C57/Bl6 genetic background. Direct pulp capping on exposed teeth was performed using mineral trioxide aggregate followed by restoration with a light-cured adhesive system (AS) and composite resin. In control teeth, the AS was placed in direct contact with the pulp. Animals were euthanized at various time points after pulp exposure and capping. The maxillary arch was isolated, fixed and processed for histological and epifluorescence analysis to examine reparative dentinogenesis. RESULTS Analysis of teeth immediately after pulp exposure revealed absence of odontoblasts expressing 3.6-GFP at the injury site. Evidence of reparative dentinogenesis was apparent at 4 weeks in 3.6-GFP mice in CD1 background and at 8 weeks in 3.6-GFP mice with C57/Bl6 background. The reparative dentine with both groups contained newly formed atubular-mineralized tissue resembling a dentine bridge and/or osteodentine that was lined by cells expressing 3.6-GFP as well as 3.6-GFP expressing cells embedded within the atubular matrix. CONCLUSION This study was conducted in a few animals and did not allow statistical analysis. The results revealed that the 3.6-GFP transgenic animals provide a unique model for direct analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulp repair and tertiary dentinogenesis in vivo. The study also shows the effects of the capping material and the genetic background of the mice in the sequence and timing of reparative dentinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frozoni
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ishikawa Y, Ida-Yonemochi H, Nakakura-Ohshima K, Ohshima H. The relationship between cell proliferation and differentiation and mapping of putative dental pulp stem/progenitor cells during mouse molar development by chasing BrdU-labeling. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 348:95-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lee Y, Go EJ, Jung HS, Kim E, Jung IY, Lee SJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of pulpal regeneration by nestin expression in replanted teeth. Int Endod J 2012; 45:652-9. [PMID: 22324485 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate dental pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats using nestin as an odontoblastic marker for immunohistochemical analysis. METHODOLOGY Twenty-five maxillary right first molars from 25 female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4 weeks post-natally, were extracted and immediately repositioned in the original socket within 5 s. Five rats each were later killed on days 3, 5 and weeks 1, 2 and 4. The maxillae were removed en bloc and the tissue samples containing the maxillary right first molars were decalcified, sectioned, mounted and stained with anti-nestin antibody to be observed under a light microscope. RESULTS At 3 days after replantation, there was a localized inflammatory reaction, but pulp revascularization and healing had begun in the root area. At 5 days after replantation, odontoblast-like cells were observed. Reparative dentine deposition was observed beneath the pulp-dentine border from 1 week after replantation, and gradually increased until 2 weeks after replantation. The presence of odontoblast-like cells and the formation of reparative dentine continued from the first week throughout the experimental period. At week four, deposition of osteodentine and cementum-like tissues were observed. CONCLUSIONS Pulpal mineralization after replantation initially occurred via the deposition of reparative dentine, followed by the deposition of osteodentine and cementum-like tissues in rat teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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Quispe-Salcedo A, Ida-Yonemochi H, Nakatomi M, Ohshima H. Expression patterns of nestin and dentin sialoprotein during dentinogenesis in mice. Biomed Res 2012; 33:119-32. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.33.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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GaAlAs laser irradiation induces active tertiary dentin formation after pulpal apoptosis and cell proliferation in rat molars. J Endod 2011; 37:1086-91. [PMID: 21763899 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to clarify pulpal responses to gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser irradiation. METHODS Maxillary first molars of 8-week-old rats were irradiated at an output power of 0.5 or 1.5 W for 180 seconds, and the samples were collected at intervals of 0 to 14 days. The demineralized paraffin sections were processed for immunohistochemistry for heat-shock protein (HSP)-25 and nestin in addition to cell proliferation assay using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and apoptosis assay using deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS Intense HSP-25 and nestin immunoreactivities in the odontoblast layer were weakened immediately after 0.5-W irradiation and recovered on day 1, resulting in slight tertiary dentin formation by day 14. On the contrary, 1.5-W irradiation immediately induced the loss of HSP-25 and nestin-immunoreactivities in the odontoblast layer. On day 1, numerous TUNEL-positive cells appeared in a degenerative zone that was surrounded by intense HSP-25 immunoreactivity. BrdU-positive cells occurred within the intensely HSP-25-immunopositive areas during days 2 through 5, whereas TUNEL-positive cells gradually decreased in number by day 5. HSP-25- and nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged along the pulp-dentin border by day 7, resulting in remarkable tertiary dentin formation on day 14. CONCLUSIONS The output energy determined pulpal healing patterns after GaAlAs laser irradiation; the higher energy induced the apoptosis in the affected dental pulp including odontoblasts followed by active cell proliferation in the intense HSP-25-immunoreactive areas surrounding the degenerative tissue, resulting in abundant tertiary dentin formation. Thus, the optimal GaAlAs laser irradiation elicited intentional tertiary dentin formation in the dental pulp.
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Responses of BrdU label-retaining dental pulp cells to allogenic tooth transplantation into mouse maxilla. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 136:649-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Saito K, Nakatomi M, Ida-Yonemochi H, Kenmotsu SI, Ohshima H. The expression of GM-CSF and osteopontin in immunocompetent cells precedes the odontoblast differentiation following allogenic tooth transplantation in mice. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 59:518-29. [PMID: 21430263 DOI: 10.1369/0022155411403314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin under pathological conditions such as tooth replantation/transplantation. This study aims to clarify the expression of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and osteopontin (OPN) in the process of reparative dentin formation by allogenic tooth transplantation using in situ hybridization for OPN and immunohistochemistry for GM-CSF and OPN at both levels of light and electron microscopes. Following the extraction of the mouse molar, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allografted into the sublingual region. On days 1 to 3, immunocompetent cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells expressed both GM-CSF and OPN, and some of them were arranged along the pulp-dentin border and extended their cellular processes into the dentinal tubules. On days 5 to 7, tubular dentin formation commenced next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where OPN-positive osteoblasts surrounded the bone matrix. These results suggest that the secretion of GM-CSF and OPN by immunocompetent cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells plays a role in the maturation of dendritic cells and the differentiation of odontoblasts, respectively, in the regenerated pulp tissue following tooth transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Saito
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Effects of transportation time after extraction on the magnetic cryopreservation of pulp cells of rat dental pulp. J Dent Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Saito K, Ishikawa Y, Nakakura-Ohshima K, Ida-Yonemochi H, Nakatomi M, Kenmotsu SI, Ohshima H. Differentiation capacity of BrdU label-retaining dental pulp cells during pulpal healing following allogenic transplantation in mice. Biomed Res 2011; 32:247-57. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.32.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Imaizumi Y, Amano I, Tsuruga E, Kojima H, Sawa Y. Immunohistochemical examination for the distribution of podoplanin-expressing cells in developing mouse molar tooth germs. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2010; 43:115-21. [PMID: 21060740 PMCID: PMC2965832 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.10023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported the expression of podoplanin in the apical bud of adult mouse incisal tooth. This study was aimed to investigate the distribution of podoplanin-expressing cells in mouse tooth germs at several developing stages. At the bud stage podoplanin was expressed in oral mucous epithelia and in a tooth bud. At the cap stage podoplanin was expressed on inner and outer enamel epithelia but not in mesenchymal cells expressing the neural crest stem cell marker nestin. At the early bell stage nestin and podoplanin were expressed in cervical loop and odontoblasts. At the root formation stage both nestin and podoplanin were weakly expressed in odontoblasts generating radicular dentin. Podoplanin expression was also found in the Hertwig epithelial sheath. These results suggest that epithelial cells of developing tooth germ acquire the ability to express nestin, and that tooth germ epithelial cells maintain the ability to express podoplanin in oral mucous epithelia. The expression of podoplanin in odontoblasts was induced as tooth germ development advanced, but was suppressed with the completion of the primary dentin, suggesting that podoplanin may be involved in the cell growth of odontoblasts. Nestin may function as an intermediate filament that binds podoplanin in odontoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Imaizumi
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Ikuko Amano
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Eichi Tsuruga
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Hiroshi Kojima
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Yoshihiko Sawa
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College
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Mapping of BrdU label-retaining dental pulp cells in growing teeth and their regenerative capacity after injuries. Histochem Cell Biol 2010; 134:227-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-010-0727-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Unno H, Suzuki H, Nakakura-Ohshima K, Jung HS, Ohshima H. Pulpal regeneration following allogenic tooth transplantation into mouse maxilla. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2009; 292:570-9. [PMID: 19226618 DOI: 10.1002/ar.20831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autogenic tooth transplantation is now a common procedure in dentistry for replacing a missing tooth. However, there are many difficulties in clinical application of allogenic tooth transplantation because of immunological rejection. This study aims to clarify pulpal regeneration following allogenic tooth transplantation into the mouse maxilla by immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and nestin, and by the histochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The upper right first molar (M1) of 2-week-old mice was extracted and allografted in the original socket in both the littermate and non-littermate after the extraction of M1. Tooth transplantation weakened the nestin-positive reactions in the pulp tissue that had shown immunoreactivity for nestin before operation. On postoperative Days 5-7, tertiary dentin formation commenced next to the preexisting dentin where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged in all cases of the littermate group until Day 14, except for one case showing immunological rejection in the pulp chamber. In the non-littermate group, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber in addition to tertiary dentin formation until Day 14. The rate of tertiary dentin was 38%, and the rate of the mixed form of dentin and bone-like tissue formation was 23% (the remainder was immunological rejection). Interestingly, the periodontal tissue recovered even in the case of immunological rejection in which the pulp chamber was replaced by sparse connective tissue. These results suggest that the selection of littermate or non-littermate is decisive for the survival of odontoblast-lineage cells and that the immunological rejection does not influence the periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Unno
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, Japan
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The Role of TGF-β Signaling in Cranial Neural Crest Cells during Mandibular and Tooth Development. J Oral Biosci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(09)80022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Miyazaki T, Kanatani N, Rokutanda S, Yoshida C, Toyosawa S, Nakamura R, Takada S, Komori T. Inhibition of the terminal differentiation of odontoblasts and their transdifferentiation into osteoblasts in Runx2 transgenic mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 71:131-46. [PMID: 18974605 DOI: 10.1679/aohc.71.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Runx2 is an essential transcription factor for bone and tooth development whose function in odontoblast differentiation remains to be clarified. To pursue this issue, we examined tooth development in Runx2 transgenic mice under the control of Col1a1 promoter (Tg(Col1a1-Runx2) mice). Endogenous Runx2 protein was detected in the nuclei of preodontoblasts, immature odontoblasts, mesenchymal cells in the dental sac, and osteoblasts, while transgene expression was detected in odontoblasts and osteoblasts. Odontoblasts in Tg(Col1a1-Runx2) mice lost their columnar shape and dentin was deposited around the odontoblasts, which were cuboid or flat in shape. The dentin in Tg(Col1a1-Runx2) mice was thin and possessed lacunae that contained odontoblasts and bone canaliculi-like structures, while predentin and dentinal tubules were absent. We examined the expression of dentin matrix protein genes, Col1a1 and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), by in situ hybridization, and dentin matrix proteins, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) as well as an intermediate filament, nestin, by immunohistochemistry to characterize odontoblasts in Tg(Col1a1-Runx2) mice. Results showed Col1a1 expression was down-regulated, DSPP expression was lost, and nestin expression was severely decreased in the odontoblasts of Tg(Col1a1-Runx2) mice. Further, the expressions of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and DMP1 were up-regulated in odontoblasts, although the up-regulation of osteocalcin expression was transient. These findings indicate that Runx2 inhibits the terminal differentiation of odontoblasts, and that Runx2 induces transdifferentiation of odontoblasts into osteoblasts forming a bone structure. Thus, Runx2 expression has to be down-regulated during odontoblast differentiation to acquire full odontoblast differentiation for dentinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Sawa Y, Iwasawa K, Ishikawa H. Expression of podoplanin in the mouse tooth germ and apical bud cells. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2008; 41:121-6. [PMID: 18989465 PMCID: PMC2576502 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.08019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the distribution of cells expressing podoplanin in the mouse tooth bud. Podoplanin expression was detected in enamel epithelia of the cervical loop at cell-cell contacts strongly, and weakly on the loosely aggregated stellate reticulum in the center and the neighboring stratum intermedium. Odontoblasts exhibited intense podoplanin expression at the junction with predentin while no expression was detected in the enamel organ containing ameloblasts. These results suggest that proliferating inner and outer enamel epithelia express podoplanin but that the expression is suppressed in the differentiated epithelia containing ameloblasts. On the other hand the podoplanin expression occurs in the differentiating odontoblasts and the expression is sustained in differentiated odontoblasts, indicating that odontoblasts have the strong ability to express podoplanin. In cultured apical bud cells podoplanin was detected at cell-cell contacts. In real-time PCR analysis the amount of podoplanin mRNA of the apical buds was 2-fold compared with the amount of kidney used as a positive control. These findings indicate that apical bud cells have the strong ability to express the podoplanin gene. Podoplanin is a mucin-type glycoprotein negatively charged by extensive O-glycosylation and a high content of sialic acid, which expresses the adhesive property. The podoplanin may contribute to form odontoblastic fiber or function as the anchorage to the tooth development and in proliferating epithelial cells of cervical loop and apical bud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Sawa
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Kana Iwasawa
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College
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32
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Takamori Y, Suzuki H, Nakakura-Ohshima K, Cai J, Cho SW, Jung HS, Ohshima H. Capacity of dental pulp differentiation in mouse molars as demonstrated by allogenic tooth transplantation. J Histochem Cytochem 2008; 56:1075-86. [PMID: 18765839 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2008.951558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin under pathological conditions such as tooth replantation/transplantation. This study aims to clarify the capability of dental pulp to elaborate bone tissue in addition to dentin by allogenic tooth transplantation using immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. After extraction of the molars of 3-week-old mice, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allografted into the sublingual region in a littermate. In addition, we studied the contribution of donor and host cells to the regenerated pulp tissue using a combination of allogenic tooth transplantation and lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice. On Days 5-7, tubular dentin formation started next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until Day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where intense tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells appeared. Furthermore, allogenic transplantation using ROSA26 mice clearly showed that both donor and host cells differentiated into osteoblast-like cells with the assistance of osteoclast-lineage cells, whereas newly differentiated odontoblasts were exclusively derived from donor cells. These results suggest that the odontoblast and osteoblast lineage cells reside in the dental pulp and that both donor and host cells contribute to bone-like tissue formation in the regenerated pulp tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Takamori
- DDS, Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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Harada M, Kenmotsu SI, Nakasone N, Nakakura-Ohshima K, Ohshima H. Cell dynamics in the pulpal healing process following cavity preparation in rat molars. Histochem Cell Biol 2008; 130:773-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-008-0438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lacerda-Pinheiro S, Marchadier A, Donãs P, Septier D, Benhamou L, Kellermann O, Goldberg M, Poliard A. An In vivo Model for Short-Term Evaluation of the Implantation Effects of Biomolecules or Stem Cells in the Dental Pulp. Open Dent J 2008; 2:67-72. [PMID: 19088885 PMCID: PMC2581529 DOI: 10.2174/1874210600802010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuously growing rodent incisor is a widely used model to investigate odontogenesis and mineralized tissue formation. This study focused on evaluating the mouse mandibular incisor as an experimental biological tool for analyzing in vivo the capacity of odontoblast-like progenitors or bioactive molecules to contribute to reparative dentinogenesis. We describe here a surgical procedure allowing direct access to the forming part of the incisor dental pulp Amelogenin peptide A+4 adsorbed on agarose beads, or dental pulp progenitor cells were implanted in the pulp following this procedure. After 10 days A+4 induced the formation of an osteodentin occluding almost the totality of the pulp compartment. Implantation of progenitor cells leads to formation of islets of osteodentin-like structures located centrally in the pulp. These pilot studies validate the incisor as an experimental model to test the capacity of progenitor cells or bioactive molecules to induce the formation of reparative dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Lacerda-Pinheiro
- Laboratoire de Différenciation Cellulaire, Cellules Souches et Prions, IFR- 2937 CNRS, Villejuif, France
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Hasegawa T, Suzuki H, Yoshie H, Ohshima H. Influence of extended operation time and of occlusal force on determination of pulpal healing pattern in replanted mouse molars. Cell Tissue Res 2007; 329:259-72. [PMID: 17497176 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-007-0424-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism regulating the divergent healing processes following tooth replantation is unclear. This study clarifies the relationship between the healing pattern, the time taken for tooth replantation, and the influence of occlusal force. We investigated the pulpal healing process after tooth replantation by immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and nestin and by histochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The upper right first molar of 3-week-old mice was extracted and repositioned in the original socket immediately or 30 min to 6 h after the operation. We divided the animals into a non-occluded group in which the lower right first molar was extracted and an occluded group without extraction of the counterpart tooth. In control teeth (upper left first molar), the periphery of the coronal dental pulp showed intense nestin-positive reaction. Tooth replantation weakened the nestin-positive reaction in the pulp tissue. On postoperative days 5-7, tubular dentin formation commenced next to preexisting dentin in which nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged in successful cases. In other cases, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber until day 14. The ratio of tertiary dentin formation was significantly higher in the non-occluded group. The intentionally prolonged time for the completion of tooth replantation induced bone-like tissue formation, expanded inflammatory reaction, or fibrous tissue formation in pulp tissue. Thus, the lack of a proper oxygenated medium is probably decisive for the survival of odontoblast-lineage cells, and occlusal force during and/or after operation worsens the fate of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Hasegawa
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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