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Nepal S, Byanju RM, Chaudhary P, Rijal K, Baskota P, Thakuri S. Methane release from enteric fermentation and manure management of domestic water buffalo in Nepal. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:603. [PMID: 37084101 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emission in livestock arises from enteric fermentation (EnF) and manure management (MM). This study develops the country-specific CH4 emission factors (EFs) in both EnF and MM for domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and estimates total CH4 emission in Nepal using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 2 methodology. Seasonal field data were collected on morphological characteristics, feed characteristics, and manure management practices of the buffalo. The buffalo population was divided into five age groups, and at least 35 buffalo individuals were measured from each age group in the Hilly and Plain regions of Nepal in the winter and summer seasons. Buffalo adult male (BAM) had the highest body weight of 530 ± 53 kg in the plain region and 514 ± 65 kg in the Hill region. Similarly, the weight of buffalo calf (BC) was 91 ± 25 kg in the plain region and 77 ± 26 kg in the Hill region. For different age groups of buffalo, EnF EFs ranged from 34 ± 8 to 90 ± 10 kg CH4 head-1 year-1 and MM EFs ranged from 2.5 ± 0.5 to 7.5 ± 0.5 kg CH4 head-1 year-1. The estimated EnF and MM EFs of buffalo were not statistically different by region (p > 0 .05). The total CH4 flux from buffalo was 347.8 Gg year-1 in Nepal, contributing 322.2 Gg year-1 from EnF and 25.6 Gg year-1 from MM. The country-specific EFs are highly recommended for precise computing of the national emissions and carrying out mitigation action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Nepal
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Rejina Maskey Byanju
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Pashupati Chaudhary
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal
- Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, Phyathai Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kedar Rijal
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Preshika Baskota
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Sudeep Thakuri
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, 44613, Kirtipur, Nepal.
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Mid-West University, 21700, Surkhet, Nepal.
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Santander D, Clariget J, Banchero G, Alecrim F, Simon Zinno C, Mariotta J, Gere J, Ciganda VS. Beef Steers and Enteric Methane: Reducing Emissions by Managing Forage Diet Fiber Content. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071177. [PMID: 37048433 PMCID: PMC10093059 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the methane (CH4) emissions that are produced by enteric fermentation is one of the main problems to be solved for livestock, due to their GHG effects. These emissions are affected by the quantity and quality of their diets, thus, it is key to accurately define the intake and fiber content (NDF) of these forage diets. On the other hand, different emission prediction equations have been developed; however, there are scarce and uncertain results regarding their evaluation of the emissions that have been observed in forage diets. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the NDF content of a forage diet on CH4 enteric emissions, and to evaluate the ability of models to predict the emissions from the animals that are consuming these forage diets. In total, thirty-six Angus steers (x¯ = 437 kg live weight) aged 18 months, blocked by live weight and placed in three automated feeding pens, were used to measure the enteric CH4. The animals were randomly assigned to two forage diets (n = 18), with moderate (<50%, MF) and high (>50%, HF) NDF contents. Their dry matter intake was recorded individually, and the CH4 emissions were measured using the SF6 tracer gas technique. For the model evaluation, six prediction equations were compared with 29 studies (n = 97 observations), analyzing the accuracy and precision of their estimates. The emission intensities per unit of DMI, per ADG, and per gross energy intake were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the animals consuming the MF diet than in the animals consuming the HF diet (21.7 vs. 23.7 g CH4/kg DMI, 342 vs. 660 g CH4/kg ADG, and 6.7% vs. 7.5%, respectively), but there were no differences in the absolute emissions (p > 0.05). The best performing model was the IPCC 2006 model (r2 = 0.7, RMSE = 74.04). These results show that reducing the NDF content of a forage diet by at least 10% (52 g/kg DM) reduces the intensity of the g CH4/kg DMI by up to 8%, and that of the g CH4/kg ADG by almost half. The use of the IPCC 2006 model is suitable for estimating the CH4 emissions from animals consuming forage-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Santander
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
| | - Juan Clariget
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
| | - Georgget Banchero
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
| | - Fabiano Alecrim
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Baptista s/n, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Claudia Simon Zinno
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
| | - Julieta Mariotta
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
| | - José Gere
- Engineering Research and Development Division, National Technological University (UTN), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1179, Argentina
| | - Verónica S. Ciganda
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Ruta 50 km 11, Semillero, Colonia 70006, Uruguay
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +598-98451147
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Simioni T, Messana J, Silva L, Brito L, Torrecihas J, Granja-Salcedo Y, Vito ES, Lage J, Reis R, Berchielli T. Performance and enteric methane emission of growing beef bulls from different genetic groups subjected to two supplementation strategies grazing tropical grass in the rainy season. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guimarães Júnior R, de Oliveira AF, Ferreira IC, Pereira LGR, Tomich TR, Menezes GL, Vilela L, Lana ÂMQ. Methane emissions and milk yields from zebu cows under integrated systems. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aragadvay-Yungán RG, Barros-Rodríguez M, Ortiz L, Carro MD, Navarro Marcos C, Elghandour MMMY, Salem AZM. Mitigation of ruminal methane production with enhancing the fermentation by supplementation of different tropical forage legumes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:3438-3445. [PMID: 34387819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of forage species adapted to the tropical region of Ecuador on gas production, enteric methane, digestion, and ruminal fermentation. The tree forage evaluated were C. arborea, E. fusca, B. forficata, E. poeppigiana, C. argentea, G. sepium, C. tora, and F. macrophylla. Ruminal fluid of four adult sheep fistulated with permanent cannulas in the rumen was used in the in vitro gas production technique. The in vitro gas production parameters were lower (P < 0.05) in the C. arborea (A = 41.68 mL gas/g DM, c = 0.044%/h and Lag = 1.654 h) and the average gas production rate for B. forficata was 1.017 mL/h (P < 0.05). C. arborea presented higher (P = 0.0001) effective degradation and real DM digestibility (40.461 g/kg and 82.51 mg/g, respectively). With respect to VFA, the highest (P < 0.05) proportion of acetic, propionic, and butyric was observed in C. arborea, G. sepium, and E. poeppigiana (72.52, 23.09, and 7.44 mol/100 mol, respectively) and the lowest (P = 0.0001) ratio: acetic/propionic was observed in G. sepium (2.92 mol/100 mol). The content of NH3-N (mg/L) showed no difference. The lowest (P = 0.0001) methane production was observed in C. arborea (1.23 mL CH4/g DM). The use of forage species of tropical climate rich in secondary metabolites in ruminant diets has the capacity to reduce the gas production and enteric methane; however, this is at the expense of the reduction of the fermentation of organic matter in the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Gonzalo Aragadvay-Yungán
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Sector el Tambo-La Universidad, Vía a Quero, 1801334, Cevallos, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - Marcos Barros-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Sector el Tambo-La Universidad, Vía a Quero, 1801334, Cevallos, Ambato, Ecuador.
| | - Luis Ortiz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Cuidad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Carro
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Navarro Marcos
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Asselstine V, Lam S, Miglior F, Brito LF, Sweett H, Guan L, Waters SM, Plastow G, Cánovas A. The potential for mitigation of methane emissions in ruminants through the application of metagenomics, metabolomics, and other -OMICS technologies. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6377879. [PMID: 34586400 PMCID: PMC8480417 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminant supply chains contribute 5.7 gigatons of CO2-eq per annum, which represents approximately 80% of the livestock sector emissions. One of the largest sources of emission in the ruminant sector is methane (CH4), accounting for approximately 40% of the sectors total emissions. With climate change being a growing concern, emphasis is being put on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including those from ruminant production. Various genetic and environmental factors influence cattle CH4 production, such as breed, genetic makeup, diet, management practices, and physiological status of the host. The influence of genetic variability on CH4 yield in ruminants indicates that genomic selection for reduced CH4 emissions is possible. Although the microbiology of CH4 production has been studied, further research is needed to identify key differences in the host and microbiome genomes and how they interact with one another. The advancement of “-omics” technologies, such as metabolomics and metagenomics, may provide valuable information in this regard. Improved understanding of genetic mechanisms associated with CH4 production and the interaction between the microbiome profile and host genetics will increase the rate of genetic progress for reduced CH4 emissions. Through a systems biology approach, various “-omics” technologies can be combined to unravel genomic regions and genetic markers associated with CH4 production, which can then be used in selective breeding programs. This comprehensive review discusses current challenges in applying genomic selection for reduced CH4 emissions, and the potential for “-omics” technologies, especially metabolomics and metagenomics, to minimize such challenges. The integration and evaluation of different levels of biological information using a systems biology approach is also discussed, which can assist in understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms and biology of CH4 production traits in ruminants and aid in reducing agriculture’s overall environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Asselstine
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lam
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Filippo Miglior
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hannah Sweett
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Leluo Guan
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Sinead M Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Teagasc Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - Graham Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Angela Cánovas
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock (CGIL), Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Uemoto Y, Ogawa S, Satoh M, Abe H, Terada F. Development of prediction equation for methane-related traits in beef cattle under high concentrate diets. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13341. [PMID: 32219938 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a prediction equation for methane-related traits in beef cattle and evaluate this equation using datasets with different cattle breeds and roughage rates. Enteric methane emission (CH4 , l/day) was measured using open-circuit respiration chambers. Dry matter intake (DMI, kg/day), body weight (BW, kg), daily gain (DG, kg), total digestible nutrients (TDN, %DMI), and roughage rate (Rrate, %) were used as independent variables, and methane-related traits-CH4 , CH4 per DMI (CH4 /DMI, l/kg), and methane conversion factor (MCF, %)-were used as dependent variables. The best-fit equations to predict methane-related traits using a total of 76 records were CH4 = -676.7 + 0.04194 × BW + 29.88 × DMI + 7.883 × TDN + 4.367 × Rrate, CH4 /DMI = -52.24 - 1.193 × 10-3 × BW - 5.905 × DG + 1.077 × TDN + 0.5008 × Rrate, and MCF = -11.43 - 5.308 × 10-4 × BW - 1.223 × DG + 0.2336 × TDN + 0.1157 × Rrate. The predictive ability of the developed equations differed between roughage rates but not between breeds. For CH4 , the predictive ability of the developed equations was better compared with previously reported equations in the low roughage rate dataset, but not in the high roughage rate dataset. Our results suggest that the developed equations of methane-related traits can be applied in beef cattle fed with low roughage diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Uemoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satoh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fuminori Terada
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Chen Z, An C, Fang H, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zhou Y, Zhao S. Assessment of regional greenhouse gas emission from beef cattle production: A case study of Saskatchewan in Canada. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 264:110443. [PMID: 32217321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The beef cattle production has been considered as one of the largest sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. A large amount of GHGs including N2O and CH4 from enteric fermentation and manure are discharged to atmosphere during beef-production process. In addition, a substantial amount of GHGs is also emitted from many other related processes such as feed production, transportation, and energy consumption. In this study, an emission assessment model was developed to quantify the amount of regional GHGs produced from the beef cattle production process. A case study was conducted based on the beef production in Saskatchewan, Canada. The results demonstrated that the GHG emissions from the annual marketed beef cattle in Saskatchewan in 2014 were 8.52 × 109 kg CO2-eq in total and the cattle-source GHGs (enteric CH4, manure CH4, and manure N2O emission) accounted for more than 90% of the total emission. Sensitivity analysis showed that the most critical factors influencing the GHG emission included feedlot manure handling system, cattle diet, feed additives, maximum methane producing capacity (Bo), and climate (temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration). The potential impacts of climate change on GHG emission from beef cattle production in Saskatchewan were also investigated. An overall decrease in the GHG emission can be observed due to the climate change, which are 3.67%, 4.96%, and 6.63% for 2020-2039, 2040-2059, and 2060-2099, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada.
| | - Hanxiao Fang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yunlu Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yang Zhou
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Zhao Y, Nan X, Yang L, Zheng S, Jiang L, Xiong B. A Review of Enteric Methane Emission Measurement Techniques in Ruminants. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061004. [PMID: 32521767 PMCID: PMC7341254 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify relationships between animal, dietary and management factors and the resulting methane (CH4) emissions, and to identify potential mitigation strategies for CH4 production, it is vital to develop reliable and accurate CH4 measurement techniques. This review outlines various methods for measuring enteric CH4 emissions from ruminants such as respiration chambers (RC), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer, GreenFeed, sniffer method, ventilated hood, facemask, laser CH4 detector and portable accumulation chamber. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed. In general, RC, SF6 and ventilated hood are capable of 24 h continuous measurements for each individual animal, providing accurate reference methods used for research and inventory purposes. However, they require high labor input, animal training and are time consuming. In contrast, short-term measurement techniques (i.e., GreenFeed, sniffer method, facemask, laser CH4 detector and portable accumulation chamber) contain additional variations in timing and frequency of measurements obtained relative to the 24 h feeding cycle. However, they are suitable for large-scale measurements under commercial conditions due to their simplicity and high throughput. Successful use of these techniques relies on optimal matching between the objectives of the studies and the mechanism of each method with consideration of animal behavior and welfare. This review can provide useful information in selecting suitable techniques for CH4 emission measurement in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (L.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xuemei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (L.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (L.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (L.Y.); (S.Z.)
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (B.X.); Tel.: +86-10-8079-8101 (L.J.); +86-10-6281-1680 (B.X.)
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (L.Y.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (B.X.); Tel.: +86-10-8079-8101 (L.J.); +86-10-6281-1680 (B.X.)
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Kumari S, Fagodiya RK, Hiloidhari M, Dahiya RP, Kumar A. Methane production and estimation from livestock husbandry: A mechanistic understanding and emerging mitigation options. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136135. [PMID: 31927428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Globally, livestock is an important contributor to methane (CH4) emissions. This paper reviewed the various CH4 measurement and estimation techniques and mitigation approaches for the livestock sector. Two approaches for enteric livestock CH4 emission estimation are the top-down and bottom-up. The combination of both could further improve our understanding of enteric CH4 emission and possible mitigation measures. We discuss three mitigation approaches: reducing emissions, avoiding emissions, and enhancing the removal of emissions from livestock. Dietary management, livestock management, and breeding management are viable reducing emissions pathways. Dietary manipulation is easily applicable and can bring an immediate response. Economic incentive policies can help the livestock farmers to opt for diet, breeding, and livestock management mitigation approaches. Carbon pricing creates a better option to achieve reduction targets in a given period. A combination of carbon pricing, feeding management, breeding management, and livestock management is more feasible and sustainable CH4 emissions mitigation strategy rather than a single approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Kumari
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110 016, India.
| | - R K Fagodiya
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR - Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, India
| | - Moonmoon Hiloidhari
- IDP in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai - 400 076, India
| | - R P Dahiya
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110 016, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra - 282 005, India
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12
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Silveira SR, Terry SA, Biffin TE, Maurício RM, Pereira LGR, Ferreira AL, Ribeiro RS, Sacramento JP, Tomich TR, Machado FS, Campos MM, Gama MAS, Chaves AV. Replacement of Soybean Meal With Soybean Cake Reduces Methane Emissions in Dairy Cows and an Assessment of a Face-Mask Technique for Methane Measurement. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:295. [PMID: 31552283 PMCID: PMC6738022 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to (a) evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with soybean cake (SBC) on feeding behavior, rumen fermentation, milk production, nutrient digestibility and CH4 emissions and (b) investigate whether a face-mask technique could be used to predict daily methane (CH4) emissions in dairy cattle. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design, with 32 crossbred Holstein × Gyr cows (days in milk (DIM): 112 ± 25.1) randomly assigned to the following treatments (n = 8/group) for 75 days: (1) 0% SBC, (2) 6% SBC, (3) 14% SBC, and (4) 23% SBC, in place of SBM on a dry matter (DM) basis. Across the final 4 weeks of the study, CH4 production was estimated using the proposed face-mask technique subsequent to a respiration chamber measurement for an evaluation of treatment efficacy and face-mask accuracy. There was no effect of SBM replacement by SBC on intake, feeding or drinking behavior (P > 0.21). Total VFA concentration, the individual proportions of VFA and blood metabolites were not altered (P > 0.17) by SBC, however there was a tendency for decreased (P = 0.08) lactate and plasma urea nitrogen (P = 0.07) concentration associated with SBC addition. Fat-corrected milk yield (FCM4%) and composition was not affected (P > 0.27) by SBC; however, there was a tendency for decreased total milk solids (P = 0.07) and milk fat (P = 0.08) associated with 23% SBC treatment. There was no treatment × technique interaction (P > 0.05) effect on gas measurements. A maximum reduction (P = 0.01) in CH4 yield (g/kg DM) and intensity (g/kg milk) of 11 and 20%, respectively, was observed for the 14% SBC inclusion. Compared to the week of mask measurements, chambers decreased (P = 0.01) intake (kg/d, %BW) and increased (P = 0.05) FCM4%. The face-mask method over estimated O2 consumption by 5%. The face-mask method accurately predicted daily CH4 emissions when compared to the chamber at the same time-point. However, there was a linear bias of CH4 outputs so further evaluation of the calculation of total CH4 from a spot measurement is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rocha Silveira
- Bioengineering Department, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Amelia Terry
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamara Elaine Biffin
- Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Sandin Ribeiro
- Bioengineering Department, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Sacramento
- Bioengineering Department, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda S Machado
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Campos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Vieira Chaves
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Prajapati P, Santos EA. Estimating Herd-Scale Methane Emissions from Cattle in a Feedlot Using Eddy Covariance Measurements and the Carbon Dioxide Tracer Method. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2019; 48:1427-1434. [PMID: 31589728 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2018.09.0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of methane (CH) emissions from ruminants could provide invaluable data to reduce uncertainties in the global CH budget and to evaluate mitigation strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate a new CO tracer (COT) approach that combined CH and CO atmospheric concentrations with eddy covariance (EC) CO flux measurements to estimate CH emissions from cattle in a feedlot. A closed-path EC system was used to measure CH and CO fluxes from a feedlot in Kansas. The EC flux measurements were scaled from landscape to animal scale using footprint analyses. Emissions of CH from the cattle were also estimated using the COT approach and measured CO and CH concentration, and scaled EC CO fluxes. The CH and CO concentration ratios showed a distinct diel trend with greater values during the daytime. Average monthly CH emission estimates using the COT approach ranged from 72 to 127 g animal d, which was consistent with the values reported in other studies that had similar animal characteristics. The COT method CH emission estimates showed good agreement with scaled CH EC fluxes (slope = 0.9 and = 0.8) for cold and dry months. However, the agreement between the two techniques was significantly reduced (slope = 1.5 and = 0.6) during wet and warm months. On average, the COT method CH emission estimates were 3% greater than the EC CH emissions. Overall, our results suggest that the COT method can be used to estimate enteric feedlot CH emissions.
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Climate Change and Goat Production: Enteric Methane Emission and Its Mitigation. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8120235. [PMID: 30544616 PMCID: PMC6316019 DOI: 10.3390/ani8120235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Given that goats are considered more climate resilient than other ruminant species, research efforts are therefore needed to understand goat productivity during exposure to high ambient temperatures. Heat stress can affect the digestion and rumen fermentation pattern of goats, which contributes to the reduction in production performance in goats. Diet composition, breed and environmental stresses are common factors which negatively influence rumen function and enteric methane (CH4) emission. There are three mechanisms by which enteric CH4 can be reduced: targeting end product of digestion to propionate, providing alternate hydrogen sink and selectively inactivating rumen methanogens. The various strategies that can be implemented to mitigate enteric CH4 include nutritional interventions, management strategies and application of advanced biotechnological tools. Abstract The ability of an animal to cope and adapt itself to the changing climate virtually depends on the function of rumen and rumen inhabitants such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi, virus and archaea. Elevated ambient temperature during the summer months can have a significant influence on the basic physiology of the rumen, thereby affecting the nutritional status of the animals. Rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) production decreases under conditions of extreme heat. Growing recent evidence suggests there are genetic variations among breeds of goats in the impact of heat stress on rumen fermentation pattern and VFA production. Most of the effects of heat stress on rumen fermentation and enteric methane (CH4) emission are attributed to differences in the rumen microbial population. Heat stress-induced rumen function impairment is mainly associated with an increase in Streptococcus genus bacteria and with a decrease in the bacteria of Fibrobactor genus. Apart from its major role in global warming and greenhouse effect, enteric CH4 is also considered as a dietary energy loss in goats. These effects warrant mitigating against CH4 production to ensure optimum economic return from goat farming as well as to reduce the impact on global warming as CH4 is one of the more potent greenhouse gases (GHG). The various strategies that can be implemented to mitigate enteric CH4 emission include nutritional interventions, different management strategies and applying advanced biotechnological tools to find solution to reduce CH4 production. Through these advanced technologies, it is possible to identify genetically superior animals with less CH4 production per unit feed intake. These efforts can help the farming community to sustain goat production in the changing climate scenario.
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Archaea: forgotten players in the microbiome. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:459-468. [PMID: 33525830 DOI: 10.1042/etls20180035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Archaea, the third domain of life containing unique membrane composition and highly diverse cell wall structures, were only recognized 40 years ago. Initially identified in extreme environments, they are currently recognized as organisms ubiquitously present in most, if not all, microbiomes associated with eukaryotic hosts. However, they have been mostly overseen in microbiome studies due to the lack of standardized detection protocols and to the fact that no archaeal pathogen is currently known. Recent years clearly showed that (i) archaea are part of the microbiomes associated with plants, animals and humans, (ii) form biofilms and (iii) interact and activate the human immune system. Future studies will not only define the host-associated diversity of archaea (referred to as 'archaeome') but also contribute to our understanding of the comprehensive metabolic interplay between archaea and bacteria and the long-term gain insights into their role in human health and their potential role(s) during disease development.
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Sándor R, Ehrhardt F, Brilli L, Carozzi M, Recous S, Smith P, Snow V, Soussana JF, Dorich CD, Fuchs K, Fitton N, Gongadze K, Klumpp K, Liebig M, Martin R, Merbold L, Newton PCD, Rees RM, Rolinski S, Bellocchi G. The use of biogeochemical models to evaluate mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from managed grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 642:292-306. [PMID: 29902627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Simulation models quantify the impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in grassland systems caused by changes in management practices. To support agricultural policies, it is however important to contrast the responses of alternative models, which can differ greatly in their treatment of key processes and in their response to management. We applied eight biogeochemical models at five grassland sites (in France, New Zealand, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States) to compare the sensitivity of modelled C and N fluxes to changes in the density of grazing animals (from 100% to 50% of the original livestock densities), also in combination with decreasing N fertilization levels (reduced to zero from the initial levels). Simulated multi-model median values indicated that input reduction would lead to an increase in the C sink strength (negative net ecosystem C exchange) in intensive grazing systems: -64 ± 74 g C m-2 yr-1 (animal density reduction) and -81 ± 74 g C m-2 yr-1 (N and animal density reduction), against the baseline of -30.5 ± 69.5 g C m-2 yr-1 (LSU [livestock units] ≥ 0.76 ha-1 yr-1). Simulations also indicated a strong effect of N fertilizer reduction on N fluxes, e.g. N2O-N emissions decreased from 0.34 ± 0.22 (baseline) to 0.1 ± 0.05 g N m-2 yr-1 (no N fertilization). Simulated decline in grazing intensity had only limited impact on the N balance. The simulated pattern of enteric methane emissions was dominated by high model-to-model variability. The reduction in simulated offtake (animal intake + cut biomass) led to a doubling in net primary production per animal (increased by 11.6 ± 8.1 t C LSU-1 yr-1 across sites). The highest N2O-N intensities (N2O-N/offtake) were simulated at mown and extensively grazed arid sites. We show the possibility of using grassland models to determine sound mitigation practices while quantifying the uncertainties associated with the simulated outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Sándor
- INRA, VetAgro Sup, UCA, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Écosystème Prairial (UREP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Agricultural Institute, CAR HAS, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | | | - Lorenzo Brilli
- University of Florence, DISPAA, 50144 Florence, Italy; IBIMET-CNR, 50145 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Carozzi
- Agroscope Research Station, Climate Agriculture Group, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Recous
- FARE Laboratory, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Val Snow
- AgResearch - Lincoln Research Centre, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Kathrin Fuchs
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nuala Fitton
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Gongadze
- Rothamsted Research, Sustainable Soil and Grassland Systems Department, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Klumpp
- INRA, VetAgro Sup, UCA, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Écosystème Prairial (UREP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Raphaël Martin
- INRA, VetAgro Sup, UCA, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Écosystème Prairial (UREP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lutz Merbold
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Mazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul C D Newton
- AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Robert M Rees
- Scotland's Rural College, EH9 3JG Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Rolinski
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gianni Bellocchi
- INRA, VetAgro Sup, UCA, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Écosystème Prairial (UREP), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Moissl-Eichinger C, Pausan M, Taffner J, Berg G, Bang C, Schmitz RA. Archaea Are Interactive Components of Complex Microbiomes. Trends Microbiol 2017; 26:70-85. [PMID: 28826642 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings have shaken our picture of the biology of the archaea and revealed novel traits beyond archaeal extremophily and supposed 'primitiveness'. The archaea constitute a considerable fraction of the Earth's ecosystems, and their potential to shape their surroundings by a profound interaction with their biotic and abiotic environment has been recognized. Moreover, archaea have been identified as a substantial component, or even as keystone species, in complex microbiomes - in the environment or accompanying a holobiont. Species of the Euryarchaeota (methanogens, halophiles) and Thaumarchaeota, in particular, have the capacity to coexist in plant, animal, and human microbiomes, where syntrophy allows them to thrive under energy-deficiency stress. Due to methodological limitations, the archaeome remains mysterious, and many questions with respect to potential pathogenicity, function, and structural interactions with their host and other microorganisms remain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Pausan
- Medical University Graz, Internal Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Corinna Bang
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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18
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Leytem A, Bjorneberg D, Koehn A, Moraes L, Kebreab E, Dungan R. Methane emissions from dairy lagoons in the western United States. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:6785-6803. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Battaglini L, Bovolenta S, Gusmeroli F, Salvador S, Sturaro E. Environmental Sustainability of Alpine Livestock Farms. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2014.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Measuring Methane Production from Ruminants. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 34:26-35. [PMID: 26603286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiative forcing of methane (CH4) is significantly higher than carbon dioxide (CO2) and its enteric production by ruminant livestock is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions. CH4 is also an important marker of farming productivity, because it is associated with the conversion of feed to product in livestock. Consequently, measurement of enteric CH4 is emerging as an important research topic. In this review, we briefly describe the conversion of carbohydrate to CH4 by the bacterial community within gut, and highlight some of the key host-microbiome interactions. We then provide a picture of current progress in techniques for measuring enteric CH4, the context in which these technologies are used, and the challenges faced. We also discuss solutions to existing problems and new approaches currently in development.
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Ni JQ. Research and demonstration to improve air quality for the U.S. animal feeding operations in the 21st century - a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:105-119. [PMID: 25703580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There was an increasing interest in reducing production and emission of air pollutants to improve air quality for animal feeding operations (AFOs) in the U.S. in the 21st century. Research was focused on identification, quantification, characterization, and modeling of air pollutions; effects of emissions; and methodologies and technologies for scientific research and pollution control. Mitigation effects were on pre-excretion, pre-release, pre-emission, and post-emission. More emphasis was given on reducing pollutant emissions than improving indoor air quality. Research and demonstrations were generally continuation and improvement of previous efforts. Most demonstrated technologies were still in a limited scale of application. Future efforts are needed in many fundamental and applied research areas. Advancement in instrumentation, computer technology, and biological sciences and genetic engineering is critical to bring major changes in this area. Development in research and demonstration will depend on the actual political, economic, and environmental situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qin Ni
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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23
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Wang C, Han G, Wang S, Zhai X, Brown J, Havstad KM, Ma X, Wilkes A, Zhao M, Tang S, Zhou P, Jiang Y, Lu T, Wang Z, Li Z. Sound management may sequester methane in grazed rangeland ecosystems. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4444. [PMID: 24658176 PMCID: PMC3963030 DOI: 10.1038/srep04444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering their contribution to global warming, the sources and sinks of methane (CH4) should be accounted when undertaking a greenhouse gas inventory for grazed rangeland ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mitigation potential of current ecological management programs implemented in the main rangeland regions of China. The influences of rangeland improvement, utilization and livestock production on CH4 flux/emission were assessed to estimate CH4 reduction potential. Results indicate that the grazed rangeland ecosystem is currently a net source of atmospheric CH4. However, there is potential to convert the ecosystem to a net sink by improving management practices. Previous assessments of capacity for CH4 uptake in grazed rangeland ecosystems have not considered improved livestock management practices and thus underestimated potential for CH4 uptake. Optimal fertilization, rest and light grazing, and intensification of livestock management contribute mitigation potential significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Wang
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Guodong Han
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiajie Zhai
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Joel Brown
- Jornada Experimental Range, United States Department of Agriculture, Las Cruces, 88003 NM, USA
| | - Kris M Havstad
- Jornada Experimental Range, United States Department of Agriculture, Las Cruces, 88003 NM, USA
| | - Xiuzhi Ma
- College of Forest Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Andreas Wilkes
- World Agroforestry Centre, 12 Zhongguancun, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengli Zhao
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Shiming Tang
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China
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Kirschbaum MUF, Saggar S, Tate KR, Thakur KP, Giltrap DL. Quantifying the climate-change consequences of shifting land use between forest and agriculture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 465:314-324. [PMID: 23419358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Land-use change between forestry and agriculture can cause large net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), and the respective land uses associated with forest and pasture lead to different on-going emission rates of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and different surface albedo. Here, we quantify the overall net radiative forcing and consequent temperature change from specified land-use changes. These different radiative agents cause radiative forcing of different magnitudes and with different time profiles. Carbon emission can be very high when forests are cleared. Upon reforestation, the former carbon stocks can be regained, but the rate of carbon sequestration is much slower than the rate of carbon loss from deforestation. A production forest may undergo repeated harvest and regrowth cycles, each involving periods of C emission and release. Agricultural land, especially grazed pastures, have much higher N2O emissions than forests because of their generally higher nitrogen status that can be further enhanced through intensification of the nitrogen cycle by animal excreta. Because of its longevity in the atmosphere, N2O concentrations build up nearly linearly over many decades. CH4 emissions can be very high from ruminant animals grazing on pastures. Because of its short atmospheric longevity, the CH4 concentration from a converted pasture accumulates for only a few decades before reaching a new equilibrium when emission of newly produced CH4 is balanced by the oxidation of previously emitted CH4. Albedo changes generally have the opposite radiative forcing from those of the GHGs and partly negate their radiative forcing. Overall and averaged over 100 years, CO2 is typically responsible for 50% of radiative forcing and CH4 and N2O for 25% each. Albedo changes can negate the radiative forcing by the three greenhouse gases by 20-25%.
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26
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Tuinier MJ, van Sint Annaland M. Biogas Purification Using Cryogenic Packed-Bed Technology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202606g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. Tuinier
- Multiphase Reactor Group,
Chemical Process Intensification,
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven,
The Netherlands
| | - Martin van Sint Annaland
- Multiphase Reactor Group,
Chemical Process Intensification,
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven,
The Netherlands
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