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Loo WT, Chua KO, Mazumdar P, Cheng A, Osman N, Harikrishna JA. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis: A Strategy for Mitigating the Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Legume Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2875. [PMID: 36365329 PMCID: PMC9657156 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is likely to have severe impacts on food security in the topics as these regions of the world have both the highest human populations and narrower climatic niches, which reduce the diversity of suitable crops. Legume crops are of particular importance to food security, supplying dietary protein for humans both directly and in their use for feed and forage. Other than the rhizobia associated with legumes, soil microbes, in particular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), can mitigate the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses, offering an important complementary measure to protect crop yields. This review presents current knowledge on AMF, highlights their beneficial role, and explores the potential for application of AMF in mitigating abiotic and biotic challenges for tropical legumes. Due to the relatively little study on tropical legume species compared to their temperate growing counterparts, much further research is needed to determine how similar AMF-plant interactions are in tropical legumes, which AMF species are optimal for agricultural deployment and especially to identify anaerobic AMF species that could be used to mitigate flood stress in tropical legume crop farming. These opportunities for research also require international cooperation and support, to realize the promise of tropical legume crops to contribute to future food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Teng Loo
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Ooi Chua
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Purabi Mazumdar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Acga Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Normaniza Osman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Effects of High Temperature-Triggered Transcriptomics on the Physiological Adaptability of Cenococcum geophilum, an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102039. [PMID: 36296315 PMCID: PMC9607556 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High temperature stress caused by global warming presents a challenge to the healthy development of forestry. Cenococcum geophilum is a common ectomycorrhizal fungus (ECMF) in the forest system and has become an important fungus resource with application potential in forest vegetation restoration. In this study, three sensitive isolates of C. geophilum (ChCg01, JaCg144 and JaCg202) and three tolerant isolates of C. geophilum (ACg07, ChCg28 and ChCg100) were used to analyze the physiological and molecular responses to high temperature. The results showed that high temperature had a significant negative effect on the growth of sensitive isolates while promoting the growth of tolerant isolates. The antioxidative enzymes activity of C. geophilum isolates increased under high temperature stress, and the SOD activity of tolerant isolates (A07Cg and ChCg100) was higher than that of sensitive isolates (ChCg01 and JaCg202) significantly. The tolerant isolates secreted more succinate, while the sensitive isolates secreted more oxalic acid under high temperature stress. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of six C. geophilum isolates were significantly enriched in "antioxidant" GO entry in the molecular. In addition, the "ABC transporters" pathway and the "glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolic" were shared in the three tolerant isolates and the three sensitive isolates, respectively. These results were further verified by RT-qPCR analysis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that C. geophilum can affect the organic acid secretion and increase antioxidant enzyme activity in response to high temperature by upregulating related genes.
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Aspects, problems and utilization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Application as Bio-fertilizer in sustainable Agriculture. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100107. [PMID: 35169758 PMCID: PMC8829076 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Xie W, Hodge A, Hao Z, Fu W, Guo L, Zhang X, Chen B. Increased Carbon Partitioning to Secondary Metabolites Under Phosphorus Deficiency in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Is Modulated by Plant Growth Stage and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:876192. [PMID: 35720585 PMCID: PMC9201690 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the macronutrients limiting plant growth. Plants regulate carbon (C) allocation and partitioning to cope with P deficiency, while such strategy could potentially be influenced by plant growth stage and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. In a greenhouse pot experiment using licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) as the host plant, we investigated C allocation belowground and partitioning in roots of P-limited plants in comparison with P-sufficient plants under different mycorrhization status in two plant growth stages. The experimental results indicated that increased C allocation belowground by P limitation was observed only in non-AM plants in the early growth stage. Although root C partitioning to secondary metabolites (SMs) in the non-AM plants was increased by P limitation as expected, trade-off patterns were different between the two growth stages, with C partitioning to SMs at the expense of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in the early growth stage but at the expense of root growth in the late growth stage. These changes, however, largely disappeared because of AM symbiosis, where more root C was partitioned to root growth and AM fungus without any changes in C allocation belowground and partitioning to SMs under P limitations. The results highlighted that besides assisting with plant P acquisition, AM symbiosis may alter plant C allocation and partitioning to improve plant tolerance to P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Angela Hodge
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhipeng Hao,
| | - Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Baodong Chen,
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Wahdan SFM, Reitz T, Heintz-Buschart A, Schädler M, Roscher C, Breitkreuz C, Schnabel B, Purahong W, Buscot F. Organic agricultural practice enhances arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in correspondence to soil warming and altered precipitation patterns. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6163-6176. [PMID: 33780112 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate and agricultural practice interact to influence both crop production and soil microbes in agroecosystems. Here, we carried out a unique experiment in Central Germany to simultaneously investigate the effects of climates (ambient climate vs. future climate expected in 50-70 years), agricultural practices (conventional vs. organic farming), and their interaction on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inside wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots. AMF communities were characterized using Illumina sequencing of 18S rRNA gene amplicons. We showed that climatic conditions and agricultural practices significantly altered total AMF community composition. Conventional farming significantly affected the AMF community and caused a decline in AMF richness. Factors shaping AMF community composition and richness at family level differed greatly among Glomeraceae, Gigasporaceae and Diversisporaceae. An interactive impact of climate and agricultural practices was detected in the community composition of Diversisporaceae. Organic farming mitigated the negative effect of future climate and promoted total AMF and Gigasporaceae richness. AMF richness was significantly linked with nutrient content of wheat grains under both agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.,Department of Biology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Thomas Reitz
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Anna Heintz-Buschart
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Department of Community Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Christiane Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Claudia Breitkreuz
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Beatrix Schnabel
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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Renslow RS, Lindemann SR, Song HS. A Generalized Spatial Measure for Resilience of Microbial Systems. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:443. [PMID: 27092116 PMCID: PMC4823267 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergent property of resilience is the ability of a system to return to an original state after a disturbance. Resilience may be used as an early warning system for significant or irreversible community transition; that is, a community with diminishing or low resilience may be close to catastrophic shift in function or an irreversible collapse. Typically, resilience is quantified using recovery time, which may be difficult or impossible to directly measure in microbial systems. A recent study in the literature showed that under certain conditions, a set of spatial-based metrics termed recovery length, can be correlated to recovery time, and thus may be a reasonable alternative measure of resilience. However, this spatial metric of resilience is limited to use for step-change perturbations. Building upon the concept of recovery length, we propose a more general form of the spatial metric of resilience that can be applied to any shape of perturbation profiles (for example, either sharp or smooth gradients). We termed this new spatial measure “perturbation-adjusted spatial metric of resilience” (PASMORE). We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed metric using a mathematical model of a microbial mat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Renslow
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA
| | - Stephen R Lindemann
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA
| | - Hyun-Seob Song
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA, USA
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Fahey C, Winter K, Slot M, Kitajima K. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on whole-plant respiration and thermal acclimation of tropical tree seedlings. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:859-70. [PMID: 26865973 PMCID: PMC4739557 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in tropical forests. AMF play a role in the forest carbon cycle because they can increase nutrient acquisition and biomass of host plants, but also incur a carbon cost to the plant. Through their interactions with their host plants they have the potential to affect how plants respond to environmental perturbation such as global warming. Our objective was to experimentally determine how plant respiration rates and responses to warmer environment are affected by AMF colonization in seedlings of five tropical tree species at the whole plant level. We evaluated the interaction between AMF colonization and temperature on plant respiration against four possible outcomes; acclimation does or does not occur regardless of AMF, or AMF can increase or decrease respiratory acclimation. Seedlings were inoculated with AMF spores or sterilized inoculum and grown at ambient or elevated nighttime temperature. We measured whole plant and belowground respiration rates, as well as plant growth and biomass allocation. There was an overall increase in whole plant, root, and shoot respiration rate with AMF colonization, whereas temperature acclimation varied among species, showing support for three of the four possible responses. The influence of AMF colonization on growth and allocation also varied among plant species. This study shows that the effect of AMF colonization on acclimation differs among plant species. Given the cosmopolitan nature of AMF and the importance of plant acclimation for predicting climate feedbacks a better understanding of the patterns and mechanisms of acclimation is essential for improving predictions of how climate warming may influence vegetation feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Fahey
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611
| | - Klaus Winter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado 0843– 03092BalboaAncónRepublic of Panama
| | - Martijn Slot
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado 0843– 03092BalboaAncónRepublic of Panama
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida32611
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado 0843– 03092BalboaAncónRepublic of Panama
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto606‐8502Japan
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