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Sadza A, Daalmans S, Rozendaal E, Buijzen M. Risk on Demand? A Quantitative Content Analysis of the Portrayal of Risky Health Behaviors in Popular on Demand Content. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:2090-2099. [PMID: 37691182 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2255762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Video on Demand (VOD) has become the most popular way for adolescent viewers to consume entertainment media, often without parental supervision. Given the potential for modeling, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and nature with which risky health behaviors are portrayed in popular VOD programs. A quantitative content analysis of trending programs (N = 529) from popular VOD-platforms investigated the prevalence, co-occurrence, tone, social context, and consequences with which alcohol use, tobacco use, drug use, unsafe sexual behavior, reckless behavior, and self-harm behaviors are portrayed in popular VOD programs. In addition, we analyzed the demographic characteristics of the characters who portrayed the risk behaviors Risk behaviors were portrayed frequently, with substance use behaviors (i.e. alcohol, smoking, drugs) being most prevalent and most likely to co-occur. Reckless behavior, self-harm behaviors, and explicitly unsafe sexual behaviors were much less common. Findings show that risk behavior was often portrayed in a normalized manner, with alcohol and smoking, in particular, being portrayed as neutral behaviors that rarely have consequences. Most risk-taking characters were (young) adult white males, mirroring the general overrepresentation of this demographic in popular media. Risk behavior was rarely problematized in popular on demand content. Potential consequences for adolescent viewers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sadza
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University
| | | | - Esther Rozendaal
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam
| | - Moniek Buijzen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam
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Stoica AM, Kovacs-Ivacson CA, Stoica OE, Beresescu L, Monea M. Clinical and Pathological Manifestation of the Oral Mucosa in Institutionalized Children from Romania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15564. [PMID: 36497639 PMCID: PMC9740787 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Institutionalized children, regardless of their age, are prone to psychiatric disorders, compared to those who live in two-parent families, due to the unfavorable physical and psychological conditions in which they develop. Unpropitious psychological conditions affect the child's general health and induce local manifestations that can be found in the oral cavity, affecting both soft tissues and teeth. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to assess and diagnose a series of pathological manifestations of the oral mucosa associated with poor living conditions or closely related to psychological stress. The clinical examination was performed by 4 specialist dentists, who consulted 150 children representing the study group and 52 children representing the control group, all having ages between 14 and 18 years old and meeting the same inclusion criteria. From the control group, 62.5% presented plaque-induced gingivitis (26.6% girls, 35.8% boys), 26.6% presented mucosal lesions produced by lip and cheek biting (23.3% girls, 35.8% boys), and 11.7% presented geographic tongue (6.6% girls, 5% boys), herpes simplex eruptions (3.3% girls, 4.2% boys) and oral ulcerations (12.5% girls, 10.8% boys). Morsicatio buccarul is a chronic, self-mutilating habit, currently becoming one of the most common tics encountered among institutionalized children. Furthermore, these children do not benefit from constant support and guidance to perform their dental hygiene, so the incidence of gingivitis induced by bacterial plaque and calculus is very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mihaela Stoica
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Csinszka Andrea Kovacs-Ivacson
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Oana Elena Stoica
- Department of Pedodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Liana Beresescu
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Monica Monea
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
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Wang R, Yang R, Ran H, Xu X, Yang G, Wang T, Che Y, Fang D, Lu J, Xiao Y. Mobile phone addiction and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14057. [PMID: 36275469 PMCID: PMC9583854 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has recently widely discussed. Independently, mobile phone addiction (MPA) has also attracted academic attention. A few research have examined the correlation between the two. However, there is inadequate knowledge to characterize this relationship altogether. This study further explores the correlation between MPA and NSSI, specifically repeated and severe NSSI. Method A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,719 adolescents in Lincang, Yunnan. The mobile phone addiction index (MPAI) and the Modified Adolescents Self-Harm Survey (MASHS) were administered in combination. The connection between the MPAI and NSSI, as well as both repeated and severe NSSI, was studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. (The copyright holders have permitted the authors to use the MPAI and the MASHS). Results The prevalence of NSSI was 47.11% (95% CI [36.2-58.0%]), and the detection rate of MPA was 11.11% (95% CI [6.7-18.0%]). The prevalence of NSSI among those with MPA was 4.280 times (95% CI [3.480-5.266]) that of respondents not exhibiting MPA. In addition, all subscales of the MPAI, except for the feeling anxious and lost subscale (FALS), were positively correlated with NSSI. Risk factors, represented by odds ratios, of repeated NSSI with the inability to control cravings subscale (ICCS), the FALS, and the withdrawal and escape subscale (WES) was 1.052 (95% CI [1.032-1.072]), 1.028 (95% CI [1.006-1.051]), and 1.048 (95% CI [1.019-1.078]) respectively. Risk factors of these same three subscales for severe NSSI, had odds ratios of 1.048 (95% CI [1.029-1.068]), 1.033 (95% CI [1.009-1.057]), and 1.045 (95% CI [1.018-1.073]). Conclusion MPA was shown to be a risk factor for NSSI in adolescents. Individuals with high scores on the ICCS, the WES, and the FALS were more prone to experience repeated and severe NSSI. As a result, early assessment using the MPAI to determine the need for intervention can contribute to the prediction and prevention of NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Psychiatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Runxu Yang
- Psychiatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailiang Ran
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Psychiatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangya Yang
- Psychiatric Department, Lincang Psychiatric Hospita, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - TianLan Wang
- Psychiatric Department, Lincang Psychiatric Hospita, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - Yusan Che
- Psychiatric Department, Lincang Psychiatric Hospita, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - Die Fang
- Psychiatric Department, Lincang Psychiatric Hospita, Lincang, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Psychiatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Do tenants suffer from status syndrome? Homeownership, norms, and suicide in Belgium. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2022.46.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Sinha D, Srivastava S, Mishra PS, Kumar P. Predictors of deliberate self-harm among adolescents: Answers from a cross-sectional study on India. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:197. [PMID: 34922635 PMCID: PMC8684608 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although existing research supports the correlation of hereditary and psychological factors with an adolescent's deliberate self-harm, there is a dearth of research that focus on their socio-economic characteristics. This paper intends to identity the potential risk factors that influence an adolescent's deliberate self-harm. METHODS Data for this study was obtained from Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) study conducted in 2015-16 with sample of 5,969 adolescent boys and 9,419 girls aged 10-19 years. The outcome variable was deliberate self-harm among adolescents. The explanatory variables added in the study were age, current schooling status, working status, media exposure, access to internet, parental abuse, involvement in fights, substance use, depressive symptoms, caste, religion, wealth index, residence and states. Bivariate analysis along with binary logistic regression analysis was done to fulfill the study objectives. RESULTS About 4.5% and 3.2% of adolescent boys and girls, respectively had deliberate self-harm. The odds of deliberate self-harm were 50 per cent more likely among adolescent girls who had internet access [OR 1.50; CI 1.05-2.16]. The likelihood of deliberate self-harm was 49 per cent and 61 per cent significantly more likely among adolescent boys [OR 1.49; CI 1.11-2.0] and girls [OR 1.61; CI 1.27-2.04] who experienced parental physical abuse respectively. With reference to minimal/mild depressive symptoms, adolescents who had moderate [boys-OR 2.10; CI 1.29-3.4 and girls-OR 2.50; CI 1.774-3.59] or moderately high/severe [boys-OR 4.58; CI 2.88-7.29 and girls-OR 4.18; CI 3.1-5.63] depressive symptoms had significantly higher odds of deliberate self-harm. CONCLUSIONS Internet access, parental abuse, involvement in fights, and depressive symptoms emerged as significant predictors of deliberate self-harm among adolescent boys and girls. Results suggest that an early identification of the predictors and intervention might prevent deliberate self-harm among adolescents. Since parents play a major role in the lives and development of adolescents, it is highly recommended that they initiate open and supportive communication with their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Sinha
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088 India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- Department of Research and Innovation, MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, New Delhi, New Delhi 110048 India
| | - Prem Shankar Mishra
- Department of Population Research Centre, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560072 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Population Council India Office, New Delhi, 110003 India
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Xiao Y, Liu F, Ran H, Deng W, Che Y, Fang D, Donald AR. Resilience mediates the association between self-harm and suicidal ideation in Chinese left-behind children. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2055. [PMID: 34753469 PMCID: PMC8579643 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A significant association between self-harm (SH) and suicide ideation (SI) has been found in Chinese left-behind children (LBC). Existing literature suggests that resilience might be a mediator in this association. However, this hypothesis has not been effectively discussed. The major aim of our study is to analyze the possible mediation of resilience in SH-SI association in Chinese LBC. Methods A population-based clustering sampling survey of 2619 LBC was conducted in southwestern China Yunnan province. Self-developed structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant information. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations between SH and SI, resilience and SI, and SH and resilience. Path analysis was adopted to measure the mediation of resilience, as well as its 5 dimensions, in the association between SH and SI. A subgroup analysis was further done to explore the mediation of resilience in the associations between SH severity and SI, SH repetition and SI, among self-harmed LBC. Results Compared with LBC who reported no SH behaviors, the odds ratio (OR) for SI was 3.37 (95% CI: 2.63–4.31) among self-harmed LBC. Based on the path model, resilience significantly mediated a quarter of the total association between SH and SI. Among the 5 dimensions of resilience, emotion regulation, interpersonal assistance, and family support were the strongest mediators. Subgroup analysis revealed that, the mediation of resilience was only significant for SH severity and SI. Conclusions Resilience played as a prominent mediator in SH-SI association among Chinese LBC. Resilience-centered intervention measures could be considered to reduce suicidal risk of this disadvantageous group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailiang Ran
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenhang Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yusan Che
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Die Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ahouanse Roland Donald
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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Webb RT, McManus S, O'Connor RC. Evidencing the detrimental impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health across Europe. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE 2021; 2:100052. [PMID: 34557793 PMCID: PMC8454577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger T Webb
- Centre for Mental Health & Safety, Division of Psychology & Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), UK.,NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, UK
| | - Sally McManus
- National Centre for Social Research, London, UK.,School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, UK
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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The Correlation between Oral Self-Harm and Ethnicity in Institutionalized Children. CHILDREN-BASEL 2020; 8:children8010002. [PMID: 33374663 PMCID: PMC7822475 DOI: 10.3390/children8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Oral self-harm was described in institutionalized children who share a lack of emotional attention; frequently these children experience feelings such as neglect, loneliness, isolation or lack of connection with the world. The aim of our paper was to conduct a cross-sectional study in order to assess the prevalence of this behavior and its correlation with ethnicity among children from three institutions located in the central part of Romania. We examined 116 children from three ethnic groups, Romanians, Hungarians and local Roma population aged between 10–14 years old. The oral soft tissues were evaluated by one dentist who recorded the lesions of lips, buccal mucosa, commissures and tongue; data were statistically analyzed at a level of significance of p < 0.05. We found oral self-harm lesions in 18.1% participants, with statistically significant higher odds in girls (p = 0.03). The results showed an association between ethnicity and the development of these lesions (Chi-square p = 0.04). The most frequent lesions were located at oral commissures (35.48%), buccal mucosa (29.03%) and upper lip (19.36%). Oral self-harm lesions have a high incidence among institutionalized children in Romania. Identification of these cases in early stages is important, as these conditions are known to be aggravated during adolescence and adulthood.
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Rodav O, Levy S, Hamdan S. Clinical characteristics and functions of non-suicide self-injury in youth. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 29:503-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPurposeLittle is known about the clinical characteristics and motivations for engaging in non-suicide self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescence. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, characteristics and functions of NSSI among adolescents in community settings, and to explore risk factors related to this behavior.Subjects and methodsTwo hundred and seventy-five adolescents aged 12 to 17 were recruited randomly from different High Schools in Israel. They completed self-report questionnaires assessing NSSI (Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory), depression (Children's Depression Inventory – CDI) and impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale – BIS-II).ResultsIn the past year, 20.7% of the participants reported engaging NSSI at least once. Among them, 42.1% declared they are still engaging in NSSI at the present. Motives for NSSI were internal emotion regulation reasons, external emotion regulation reasons for social influences. In addition, the NSSI group reported significantly higher levels of depressive, impulsivity and suicidal ideations. Depressive symptoms were found as significant predictors of NSSI in the future.Discussion and conclusionsHigh rates of NSSI among community adolescents were found. Depression, impulsivity and suicidal ideation were found significantly related to NSSI. Mental health professionals in schools and in primary care should routinely assess NSSI among adolescents.
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Hetrick SE, Subasinghe A, Anglin K, Hart L, Morgan A, Robinson J. Understanding the Needs of Young People Who Engage in Self-Harm: A Qualitative Investigation. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2916. [PMID: 31998182 PMCID: PMC6968776 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-harm is common and associated with adverse outcomes. Research about the risk factors for self-harm has informed the field with regard to clinical interventions that should be delivered for young people who engage in self-harm. Missing is an in-depth understanding of what the triggers of an urge to self-harm might be, including in young people being treated with a clinical intervention. Therefore, there is little knowledge about what techniques young people find helpful to deal with urges to self-harm when they occur. This qualitative study engaged seven young people with lived experience of self-harm in semi-structured interviews about the immediate triggers of the urge to self-harm, and helpful strategies to manage this urge. Thematic analysis using a general inductive approach revealed distressing emotions and a sense of isolation as key themes, with other triggers associated with their induction. Highlighted was the wide range of situations and emotions that can be triggering, such that a further key theme was the idiosyncratic nature of the self-help strategies young people found helpful. Interventions that are developed to support young people who self-harm must address this complexity and findings highlight the need for young people to maintain some autonomy and control while being supported to connect with others for support. This research adds to the literature on self-help strategies to support young people in moments when they are experiencing distressing emotions, feel isolated, and have an urge to self-harm providing important insight to the prevention and intervention for self-harm among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Hetrick
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aruni Subasinghe
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Anglin
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Hart
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy Morgan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Horváth LO, Győri D, Komáromy D, Mészáros G, Szentiványi D, Balázs J. Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Suicide: The Role of Life Events in Clinical and Non-Clinical Populations of Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:370. [PMID: 32435210 PMCID: PMC7218062 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in clinical and non-clinical populations of adolescents. Several studies have supported both the distinction and the strong association between NSSI and suicidal behavior. Although there is a great deal of data on the role of life events in both suicidal behavior and NSSI, few studies have assessed the role of life events in the NSSI-suicidal behavior relationship. Our aims were to explore the relationship between NSSI and suicidal behavior, and the possible moderating role of stressful life events in a clinical and non-clinical adolescent population. METHOD A clinical (n = 202) and a nonclinical (n = 161) population of adolescents, aged 13-18 years were assessed. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid, Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory and the Life Events List were used. Group differences related to suicidal behavior, NSSI, and life events were tested with Wilcoxon tests. Two- and three-way interactions were tested with negative binomial regression models including zero-inflation parameter. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal behavior (W = 7,306, p < .001), NSSI (W = 9,652, p < .001) and life events (W = 10,410 p < .001) were significantly higher in the clinical than in the non-clinical group. Between number of life events and NSSI, a moderate effect size (.38, 95%CI [.28,.46]) was found. The main effect of NSSI (χ2 (1) = 109.65, p < .001) and group membership (χ2 (1) = 39.13, p < .001) predicted suicidal behavior; the main effect of quantity of life events did not explain suicidal behavior. The interaction between NSSI and number of life events (χ2 (1) = 10.49, p < .01) was associated with suicidal behavior. Among interpersonal, non-interpersonal events and adverse childhood circumstances, only interpersonal events were associated with both suicidal behavior (χ2 (1) = 6.08, p < .05) and had a moderating effect (χ2 (1) = 8.59, p < .01) on the NSSI-suicidal behavior relationship. Patterns of the effects of life events on the NSSI-suicidal behavior relationship did not differ in the two groups. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the importance of prevention and intervention of NSSI, considering its high prevalence and frequent co-occurrence with suicidal behavior in both clinical and non-clinical adolescent populations. Moreover, to support NSSI and suicide prevention, we would like to highlight the importance of stressful life events, especially those associated with interpersonal conflicts, require special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Olga Horváth
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Győri
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Komáromy
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gergely Mészáros
- Mental Health Sciences, School of PhD Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Vadaskert Child Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Szentiványi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pedagogical Assistance Services, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Balázs
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Psychology, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
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Fernandes S, Safeekh AT, Chandini S, Shetty S. Deliberate self-harm: A perspective. ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_154_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Tian X, Chang W, Meng Q, Chen Y, Yu Z, He L, Xiao Y. Resilience and self-harm among left-behind children in Yunnan, China: a community-based survey. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1728. [PMID: 31870359 PMCID: PMC6929398 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm (SH) behaviors are established risk factors of suicide, however, in Chinese left-behind children (LBC), SH remains severely under-discussed. In this study, we aimed to investigate SH and explore its association between resilience in a large group of LBC. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study of 2898 LBC was conducted in Yunnan province, China. Information was collected by self-reporting questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was used to depict and compare characteristics of the subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations between resilience and SH prevalence, SH severity, SH repetition. RESULTS The prevalence of SH in LBC was 48.8% (95%CI: 47.0-49.7%). Compared to LBC with lower level of resilience, a higher level of resilience was related to 0.40 folds of SH odds (95%CI: 0.34-0.48). Besides, among all dimensions of resilience, every 1 average score increase of emotion regulation and family support were associated with 0.13 (95%CI: 0.04-0.37) and 0.14 (95%CI: 0.04-0.47) folds of odds in severer SH, respectively; one unit increase in the average score of emotion regulation was related to an OR of 0.23 (95%CI: 0.07-0.71) for repeated SH. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience presented protective effect on SH in LBC, especially the dimensions of emotion regulation and family support. Intervention measures focusing on enhancing emotion regulation ability and building parent-child connection could be considered in order to reduce SH and suicidal risk in LBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.,The First Affiliated School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Limei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China. .,Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Lim KS, Wong CH, McIntyre RS, Wang J, Zhang Z, Tran BX, Tan W, Ho CS, Ho RC. Global Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior, Deliberate Self-Harm and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Children and Adolescents between 1989 and 2018: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4581. [PMID: 31752375 PMCID: PMC6888476 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal behavior, deliberate self-harm and non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic search for relevant articles published between 1989 to 2018 was performed in multiple electronic databases. The aggregate 12-month and lifetime prevalence of suicidal behavior, deliberate self-harm, and non-suicidal self-injury were calculated based on the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare the prevalence according to school attendance and geographical regions. Results: A total of 686,672 children and adolescents were included. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts was 6% (95% CI: 4.7-7.7%) and 4.5% (95% CI: 3.4-5.9%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal plan was 9.9% (95% CI: 5.5-17%) and 7.5% (95% CI: 4.5-12.1%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation was 18% (95% CI: 14.2-22.7%) and 14.2% (95% CI: 11.6-17.3%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury was 22.1% (95% CI: 16.9-28.4%) and 19.5% (95% CI: 13.3-27.6%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of deliberate self-harm was 13.7% (95% CI: 11.0-17.0%) and 14.2% (95% CI: 10.1-19.5%) respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that full-time school attendance, non-Western countries, low and middle-income countries, and geographical locations might contribute to the higher aggregate prevalence of suicidal behaviors, deliberate self-harm, and non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found that non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and deliberate self-harm were the three most common suicidal and self-harm behaviors in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-San Lim
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.-S.L.); (R.C.H.)
| | - Celine H. Wong
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Jiayun Wang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
| | - Zhisong Zhang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
| | - Bach X. Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Vietnam Young Physicians’ Association, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Wanqiu Tan
- The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China;
| | - Cyrus S. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Roger C. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.-S.L.); (R.C.H.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
- Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
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15
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Non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: Prevalence and associated factors. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 189:161-165. [PMID: 29957566 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there have been no studies examining non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in Chinese heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). This study determined the prevalence of NSSI and its methods in HDPs under MMT as well as factors significantly associated with NSSI. METHOD We recruited a cross-sectional sample of 652 HDPs from three MMT clinics in Wuhan, China. In total, 603 HDPs (92.5%) completed standardized questionnaires concerning demographic, clinical, and psychosocial data. The presence and methods of NSSI were assessed with two standardized questions. RESULTS The one-month prevalence of NSSI in Chinese HDPs receiving MMT was 13.8%. The most common three methods of NSSI were burning (59%), cutting (19.3%), and hitting (9.6%). Significant factors associated with NSSI in multiple logistic regression analysis were unemployment (OR [95%CI] = 2.54 [1.26, 5.10], P = 0.009), a short duration of MMT (OR [95%CI] = 1.04 [1.01, 1.09], P = 0.034), pain (OR [95%CI] = 2.31 [1.05, 5.35], P = 0.028), depression (OR [95%CI] = 4.32 [2.09, 9.00], P < 0.001), anxiety (OR [95%CI] = 3.74 [1.61, 8.70], P = 0.002), and loneliness (OR [95%CI] = 3.04 [1.27, 7.26], P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS NSSI is common among Chinese HDPs of MMT clinics. Services for HDPs in MMT settings should include periodic screening for NSSI, adequate pain treatment, and appropriate psychosocial treatment for depression, anxiety, and loneliness.
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16
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Qin P, Sun S, Bøe AS, Stanley B, Mehlum L. Injuries prior and subsequent to index poisoning with medication among adolescents: a national study based on Norwegian patient registry. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:200. [PMID: 29914430 PMCID: PMC6006963 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents treated for self-poisoning with medication have a high prevalence of mental health problems and constitute a high-risk population for self-harm repetition. However, little is known about whether this population is also prone to injuries of other forms. METHODS Data were extracted from the Norwegian Patient Registry to include all incidents of treated injuries in adolescents aged 10-19 years who were treated for self-poisoning with medication during 2008-2011. This longitudinal approach allowed for the inclusion of injuries of various forms both before and after the index poisoning with medication. Gender differences and associations of injuries with recorded deliberate self-harm or psychiatric comorbidity at index poisoning were analysed. Forms of injury and psychiatric illnesses were coded according to the ICD-10 system. RESULTS 1497 adolescents treated for self-poisoning with medication were identified from the source database, including 1144 (76.4%) girls and 353 (23.6%) boys. For these 1497 adolescents a total of 2545 injury incidents were recorded in addition to the index poisoning incidents, consisting of 778 injury incidents taking place before the index poisoning and 1767 incidents taking place subsequently. Altogether 830 subjects (55.4%) had an injury treated either before or after the index poisoning. Injuries to the hand and wrist as well as injuries to the head, neck and throat were predominant in males. Females were more likely to repeat poisoning with medication, particularly those with psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION Adolescents treated for poisoning with medication represent a high-risk population prone to both prior and subsequent injuries of other forms, and should be assessed for suicidal intent and psychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qin
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, N-0372, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Shihua Sun
- 0000 0004 1761 1174grid.27255.37Department of Epidemiology, Shandong University School of Public Health and Shandong University Center for Suicide Prevention Research, Jinan, China
| | - Anne Seljenes Bøe
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, N-0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara Stanley
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, N-0372 Oslo, Norway ,0000000419368729grid.21729.3fDepartment of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
| | - Lars Mehlum
- 0000 0004 1936 8921grid.5510.1National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, N-0372 Oslo, Norway
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17
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Horváth LO, Balint M, Ferenczi-Dallos G, Farkas L, Gadoros J, Gyori D, Kereszteny A, Meszaros G, Szentivanyi D, Velo S, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Wasserman C, Hoven CW, Wasserman D, Balazs J. Direct Self-Injurious Behavior (D-SIB) and Life Events among Vocational School and High School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1068. [PMID: 29795028 PMCID: PMC6025121 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have recently assessed direct self-injurious behavior (D-SIB) among adolescents, it is still understudied in adolescents attending vocational schools: an educational setting generally associated with lower socioeconomic status. After extending the "Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe" (SEYLE) project to a vocational school population, we examined their D-SIB and life event characteristics compared to the high school population. SEYLE's Hungarian randomly selected high school sample (N = 995) was completed with a randomly selected vocational school sample (N = 140) in Budapest, Hungary. Participants aged 14⁻17 years completed the SEYLE project's self-administered questionnaires. D-SIB lifetime prevalence was significantly higher (29.4%) in the vocational school group compared to the high school group (17.2%) (Χ²(1) = 12.231, p< 0.001). D-SIB was associated with suicidal ideation in the vocational school group. Different life events were more frequent in the high school than in the vocational school group, and associations between D-SIB and life events differed in the vocational school group compared to the high school group. In conclusion, vocational school students are a vulnerable population with a higher prevalence of D-SIB compared to high school students. Life events and their association with D-SIB also differ in vocational school students compared to high school students. Taking all these into account might contribute to prevention/intervention designed for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili O Horváth
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Maria Balint
- Pedagogical Services, Budapest District 12, 1126 Budapest, Hungary.
| | | | - Luca Farkas
- West Hertfordshire Specialist CAMHS St Albans Clinic, AL3 5TL St Albans, UK.
| | - Julia Gadoros
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, 1021 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dora Gyori
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Agnes Kereszteny
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
- Semmelweis University, Mental Health Sciences Doctoral School, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Meszaros
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, 1021 Budapest, Hungary.
- Semmelweis University, Mental Health Sciences Doctoral School, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dora Szentivanyi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Szabina Velo
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Marco Sarchiapone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Molise, Italy.
| | - Vladimir Carli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Molise, Italy.
- Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Camilla Wasserman
- Global Psychiatric Epidemiology, Columbia University-New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | - Judit Balazs
- Institute of Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University, 1075 Budapest, Hungary.
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, 1021 Budapest, Hungary.
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18
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Roh BR, Jung EH, Hong HJ. A Comparative Study of Suicide Rates among 10-19-Year-Olds in 29 OECD Countries. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:376-383. [PMID: 29486551 PMCID: PMC5912485 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2017.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study had two main objectives: to compare current suicide rates in OECD countries among 10-19-year-olds and to identify patterns of suicide rates based on age, gender and time. Furthermore we investigated the main dimensions that contributed to the variation in child and adolescent suicide rates across countries. METHODS We combined the WHO mortality data and the population data released by OECD to calculate the suicide rates in 29 OECD countries. A self-organizing map (SOM), k-means clustering analysis, and multi-dimensional scaling were used to classify countries based on similarities in suicide rate structure and to identify the important dimensions accounting for differences among groups. RESULTS We identified significant differences in suicide rates depending on age, sex, country, and time period. Late adolescence and male gender were universal risk factors for suicide, and we observed a general trend of declining suicide rates in OECD countries. The SOM analysis yielded eight types of countries. Most countries showed gender gaps in suicide rates of similar magnitudes; however, there were outliers in which the gender gap was particularly large or small. CONCLUSION Significant variation exists with respect to suicide rates and their associated gender gaps in OECD countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beop-Rae Roh
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Jung
- Mental Health and Communal Society Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Hong
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Anyang, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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19
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Vertommen T, Kampen J, Schipper-van Veldhoven N, Uzieblo K, Van Den Eede F. Severe interpersonal violence against children in sport: Associated mental health problems and quality of life in adulthood. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 76:459-468. [PMID: 29253798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In a recent large-scale prevalence study of interpersonal violence (IV) against child athletes in the Netherlands and Belgium we found that 9% of adult respondents who participated in organized sports before the age of 18 had experienced severe psychological violence, 8% severe physical violence, and 6% severe sexual violence in various sport settings. While the general literature has repeatedly shown that exposure to IV during childhood is associated with mental health problems in adulthood and to a lesser extent with reduced quality of life (QOL), these relationships have not been demonstrated in (former) athletes. Thus, the current study aims to assess the association of severe childhood IV in sport and adult wellbeing. Depression, anxiety, and somatization were assessed in the same general population sample (N = 4043) using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and QOL with the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-Brèf). The association between severe IV in sport and adult wellbeing was investigated using multiple linear regression while controlling for demographics, recent life events, and relatives' psychological problems. We found severe sexual, physical, and psychological childhood IV in sport to be associated with more adult psychological distress and reduced QOL. Polyvictimization shows the strongest correlation with poorer wellbeing and QOL. Recent life events, relatives' psychological problems, marital status, and level of education were significant covariates in the psychological symptoms and QOL assessed. We hope that these new insights prompt sport administrators to implement broad spectrum child protection measures and raise the awareness of mental health professionals about the necessity to also screen for adverse childhood experiences in the sport context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Vertommen
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Applied Psychology, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jarl Kampen
- StatUa, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Biometris, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette Schipper-van Veldhoven
- Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC*NSF), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Research Centre Human Movement and Education, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Kasia Uzieblo
- Department of Applied Psychology, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium; Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Den Eede
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; University Department of Psychiatry, Campus Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Quigley J, Rasmussen S, McAlaney J. The Associations Between Children's and Adolescents' Suicidal and Self-Harming Behaviors, and Related Behaviors Within Their Social Networks: A Systematic Review. Arch Suicide Res 2017; 21:185-236. [PMID: 27267251 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2016.1193075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Social influences-including the suicidal and self-harming behaviors of others-have been highlighted as a risk factor for suicidal and self-harming behavior in young people, but synthesis of the evidence is lacking. A systematic review of 86 relevant papers was conducted. Considerable published evidence was obtained for positive associations between young people's suicidal and self-harming behavior and that of people they know, with those reporting knowing people who had engaged in suicidal or self-harming behaviors more likely to report engaging in similar behaviors themselves. Findings are discussed in relation to a number of methodological and measurement issues-including the role of normative perceptions-and implications for the prevention of suicidal and self-harming behavior are considered.
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21
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Lockwood J, Daley D, Townsend E, Sayal K. Impulsivity and self-harm in adolescence: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:387-402. [PMID: 27815757 PMCID: PMC5364241 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Research supports an association between impulsivity and self-harm, yet inconsistencies in methodology across studies have complicated understanding of this relationship. This systematic review examines the association between impulsivity and self-harm in community-based adolescents aged 11-25 years and aims to integrate findings according to differing concepts and methods. Electronic searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed and The Cochrane Library, and manual searches of reference lists of relevant reviews identified 4496 articles published up to July 2015, of which 28 met inclusion criteria. Twenty-four of the studies reported an association between broadly specified impulsivity and self-harm. However, findings varied according to the conception and measurement of impulsivity and the precision with which self-harm behaviours were specified. Specifically, lifetime non-suicidal self-injury was most consistently associated with mood-based impulsivity-related traits. However, cognitive facets of impulsivity (relating to difficulties maintaining focus or acting without forethought) differentiated current self-harm from past self-harm. These facets also distinguished those with thoughts of self-harm (ideation) from those who acted on thoughts (enaction). The findings suggested that mood-based impulsivity is related to the initiation of self-harm, while cognitive facets of impulsivity are associated with the maintenance of self-harm. In addition, behavioural impulsivity is most relevant to self-harm under conditions of negative affect. Collectively, the findings indicate that distinct impulsivity facets confer unique risks across the life-course of self-harm. From a clinical perspective, the review suggests that interventions focusing on reducing rash reactivity to emotions or improving self-regulation and decision making may offer most benefit in supporting those who self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lockwood
- Division of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK.
- Centre for ADHD and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan, (CANDAL) Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - David Daley
- Division of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
- Centre for ADHD and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan, (CANDAL) Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ellen Townsend
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kapil Sayal
- Division of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
- Centre for ADHD and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan, (CANDAL) Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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22
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Borschmann R, Thomas E, Moran P, Carroll M, Heffernan E, Spittal MJ, Sutherland G, Alati R, Kinner SA. Self-harm following release from prison: A prospective data linkage study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2017; 51:250-259. [PMID: 27012967 DOI: 10.1177/0004867416640090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prisoners are at increased risk of both self-harm and suicide compared with the general population, and the risk of suicide after release from prison is three times greater than for those still incarcerated. However, surprisingly little is known about the incidence of self-harm following release from prison. We aimed to determine the incidence of, identify risk factors for and characterise emergency department presentations resulting from self-harm in adults after release from prison. METHOD Cohort study of 1325 adults interviewed prior to release from prison, linked prospectively with State correctional and emergency department records. Data from all emergency department presentations resulting from self-harm were secondarily coded to characterise these presentations. We used negative binomial regression to identify independent predictors of such presentations. RESULTS During 3192 person-years of follow-up (median 2.6 years per participant), there were 3755 emergency department presentations. In all, 83 (6.4%) participants presented due to self-harm, accounting for 165 (4.4%) presentations. The crude incidence rates of self-harm for males and females were 49.2 (95% confidence interval: [41.2, 58.7]) and 60.5 (95% confidence interval: [44.9, 81.6]) per 1000 person-years, respectively. Presenting due to self-harm was associated with being Indigenous (incidence rate ratio: 2.01; 95% confidence interval: [1.11, 3.62]), having a lifetime history of a mental disorder (incidence rate ratio: 2.13; 95% confidence interval: [1.19, 3.82]), having previously been hospitalised for psychiatric treatment (incidence rate ratio: 2.68; 95% confidence interval: [1.40, 5.14]) and having previously presented due to self-harm (incidence rate ratio: 3.91; 95% confidence interval: [1.85, 8.30]). CONCLUSION Following release from prison, one in 15 ex-prisoners presented to an emergency department due to self-harm, within an average of 2.6 years of release. Demographic and mental health variables help to identify at-risk groups, and such presentations could provide opportunities for suicide prevention in this population. Transition from prison to the community is challenging, particularly for those with a history of mental disorder; mental health support during and after release may reduce the risk of adverse outcomes, including self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Borschmann
- 1 Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Thomas
- 2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,3 Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul Moran
- 4 Centre for Academic Mental Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Megan Carroll
- 2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ed Heffernan
- 5 Queensland Forensic Mental Health Service, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew J Spittal
- 2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgina Sutherland
- 2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rosa Alati
- 6 Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart A Kinner
- 1 Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,2 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,7 Griffith Criminology Institute and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, QLD, Australia.,8 Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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23
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Guerreiro DF, Sampaio D, Figueira ML, Madge N. Self-Harm in Adolescents: A Self-Report Survey in Schools from Lisbon, Portugal. Arch Suicide Res 2017; 21:83-99. [PMID: 25764051 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2015.1004480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to determine the prevalence of self-harm (SH) and related psychosocial factors in a large sample of Portuguese adolescents. A total of 1,713 pupils, aged 12 to 20 years, completed an anonymous questionnaire in a school setting. In all, 7.3% reported at least 1 episode of SH: rates were 3 times higher for females than males. Almost half reported repeated SH, most commonly self-cutting. Anxiety, depression, and substance abuse were linked to SH, and particularly repeated SH. Anxiety, trouble with the police, and exposure to SH or suicide of others, were independently associated with SH in both genders. These findings indicate that SH is a public health concern in Portugal as in other European countries.
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24
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Ozsoy S, Kara K, Teke HY, Turker T, Congologlu MA, Sezigen S, Renklidag T, Karapirli M, Javan GT. Relationship Between Self-Injurious Behaviors and Levels of Aggression in Children and Adolescents Who Were Subject to Medicolegal Examination. J Forensic Sci 2016; 61:382-387. [PMID: 27404611 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aggression, which is defined as a behavior causing harm or pain, is a behavioral pattern typically expected in children and adolescents who are involved in criminal activities. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between aggression and self-injurious behavior (SIB) in children and adolescents. The study was performed in 295 cases which were sent for medicolegal examination. The mean age of the subjects was 14.27 ± 1.05 years (age range 10-18 years). The aggression levels of the subjects were determined using the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), which is an updated form of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. The mean total AQ score of the subjects with and without SIB was 78.04 ± 21.0 and 62.75 ± 18.05, respectively (p < 0.01). There were significant statistical differences between the two groups with respect to their subscale scores (p < 0.01). It was concluded that the levels of aggression increased in children and adolescents who were involved in criminal activities when the SIBs increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sait Ozsoy
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Medical School, Ankara, 06018, Turkey
| | - Koray Kara
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Medical School, Ankara, 06018, Turkey
| | - Hacer Y Teke
- Forensic Science Department, Ministry of Justice, Ankara, 06300, Turkey
| | - Turker Turker
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Medical School, Ankara, 06018, Turkey
| | - Mehmet A Congologlu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Medical School, Ankara, 06018, Turkey
| | - Sermet Sezigen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy Medical School, Ankara, 06018, Turkey
| | - Tulay Renklidag
- Forensic Science Department, Ministry of Justice, Ankara, 06300, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Karapirli
- Forensic Science Department, Ministry of Justice, Ankara, 06300, Turkey
| | - Gulnaz T Javan
- Department of Physical Sciences, Forensic Science Program, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, 36104
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25
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Tang J, Yang W, Ahmed NI, Ma Y, Liu HY, Wang JJ, Wang PX, Du YK, Yu YZ. Stressful Life Events as a Predictor for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Southern Chinese Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2637. [PMID: 26945351 PMCID: PMC4782835 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful life events have been implicated in the etiology of kinds of psychopathology related to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI); however, few studies have examined the association between NSSI and stressful life events directly in Chinese school adolescents. In this study, we aim to estimate the prevalence rate of NSSI and examine its association with stressful life events in Southern Chinese adolescents. A total sample of 4405 students with age ranged from 10 to 22 years was randomly selected from 12 schools in 3 cities of Guangdong Province, China. NSSI, stressful life events, self-esteem, emotional management, and coping methods were measured by structured questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association of NSSI with stressful life events. Results showed the 1 year self-reported NSSI was 29.2%, with 22.6% engaged in "minor" NSSI (including hitting self, pulling hair, biting self, inserting objects under nails or skin, picking at a wound) and 6.6% in "moderate/sever" NSSI (including cutting/carving, burning, self-tattooing, scraping, and erasing skin). Self-hitting (15.9%), pulling hair out (10.9%), and self-inserting objects under nails or skin picking areas to dram blood (18.3%) were the most frequent types of NSSI among adolescents. Results also showed that "Minor NSSI" was associated with stressful life events on interpersonal, loss and health adaption, and "moderate/severe NSSI" was associated with life events on interpersonal, health adaption in Southern Chinese adolescents, even after adjusted for sex, age, residence, self-esteem, coping style, and emotional management. Results further suggested stressful life events were significantly associated with less risk of NSSI in those who had good emotional management ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- From the School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong (JT, PXW, JJW); Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health (WY); Department of Child, Adolescence & Women Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei (NIA, YKD & YZY); and Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center (YM & HYL), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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26
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Vertommen T, Schipper-van Veldhoven N, Wouters K, Kampen JK, Brackenridge CH, Rhind DJA, Neels K, Van Den Eede F. Interpersonal violence against children in sport in the Netherlands and Belgium. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2016; 51:223-236. [PMID: 26516053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The current article reports on the first large-scale prevalence study on interpersonal violence against children in sport in the Netherlands and Belgium. Using a dedicated online questionnaire, over 4,000 adults prescreened on having participated in organized sport before the age of 18 were surveyed with respect to their experiences with childhood psychological, physical, and sexual violence while playing sports. Being the first of its kind in the Netherlands and Belgium, our study has a sufficiently large sample taken from the general population, with a balanced gender ratio and wide variety in socio-demographic characteristics. The survey showed that 38% of all respondents reported experiences with psychological violence, 11% with physical violence, and 14% with sexual violence. Ethnic minority, lesbian/gay/bisexual (LGB) and disabled athletes, and those competing at the international level report significantly more experiences of interpersonal violence in sport. The results are consistent with rates obtained outside sport, underscoring the need for more research on interventions and systematic follow-ups, to minimize these negative experiences in youth sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Vertommen
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; University Department of Psychiatry, Campus Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicolette Schipper-van Veldhoven
- Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Confederation (NOC*NSF), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Research Centre Human Movement and Education, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Kristien Wouters
- Department of Scientific Coordination and Biostatistics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jarl K Kampen
- StatUA, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Research Methodology Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel J A Rhind
- Centre for Sport, Health and Wellbeing, Brunel University London, UK
| | - Karel Neels
- Department of Sociology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Den Eede
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; University Department of Psychiatry, Campus Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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27
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Doyle L, Treacy MP, Sheridan A. Self-harm in young people: Prevalence, associated factors, and help-seeking in school-going adolescents. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2015. [PMID: 26215186 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent self-harm is recognized as a serious public health problem; however, there is little reliable comparative data on its prevalence or characteristics, or on the extent of help-seeking for self-harm. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence and associated factors of adolescent self-harm in an urban region in Ireland, and to investigate help-seeking behaviours for self-harm. This was a cross-sectional study of 856 school-going adolescents, employing an anonymous self-report questionnaire. A lifetime history of self-harm was reported by 12.1% of adolescents. Factors independently associated with self-harm included exposure to self-harm of a friend/family member. Professional help-seeking was uncommon prior to (9%) and after (12%) self-harm. Furthermore, only 6.9% of adolescents presented to hospital as a result of their last self-harm act. These findings indicate that self-harm is common in adolescents; however, seeking professional help is not a common phenomenon, and those who present to hospital represent the 'tip of the iceberg' of adolescent self-harm. Identifying the prevalence of self-harm and associated factors, in addition to help-seeking behaviours, in young people is important to determine the preventative programmes to target 'at-risk' groups. Mental health nurses have an important and increasing role to play in such school-based initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Doyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Margaret P Treacy
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ann Sheridan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Do friends' co-rumination and communication with parents prevent depressed adolescents from self-harm? JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Burešová I, Bartošová K, Čerňák M. Connection between Parenting Styles and Self-harm in Adolescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Hanania JW, Heath NL, Emery AA, Toste JR, Daoud FA. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents in Amman, Jordan. Arch Suicide Res 2015; 19:260-74. [PMID: 25058810 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2014.915778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
While previous research has demonstrated cross-national differences in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), most studies to date have taken place in North America. The present study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of NSSI in a sample of 952 Jordanian adolescents (49.8% female) between the ages of 11-19 years. Participants completed a screening measure to assess occurrence of NSSI and its characteristics. Results indicate an overall lifetime prevalence of 22.6% (n = 215), with significantly more males (26.98%, n = 129) than females (18.14%, n = 86) reporting having engaged in NSSI at least once in their lifetime. This study provides empirical evidence that adolescent engagement in NSSI occurs at similar prevalence levels in Jordan, relative to North American samples, whereas gender comparisons of prevalence and characteristics revealed several differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan W Hanania
- a Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology , Columbia University-Teachers College , New York , NY , USA
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31
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Bylund Grenklo T, Kreicbergs U, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Nyberg T, Steineck G, Fürst CJ. Self-injury in youths who lost a parent to cancer: nationwide study of the impact of family-related and health-care-related factors. Psychooncology 2014; 23:989-97. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tove Bylund Grenklo
- Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Research and Development; Stockholm Sjukhem Foundation; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ulrika Kreicbergs
- Department of Women's and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Sophiahemmet University College; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Unnur A. Valdimarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; University of Iceland; Reykjavík Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston MA USA
| | - Tommy Nyberg
- Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Gunnar Steineck
- Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Fürst
- Department of Oncology and Pathology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Research and Development; Stockholm Sjukhem Foundation; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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32
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Brunner R, Kaess M, Parzer P, Fischer G, Carli V, Hoven CW, Wasserman C, Sarchiapone M, Resch F, Apter A, Balazs J, Barzilay S, Bobes J, Corcoran P, Cosmanm D, Haring C, Iosuec M, Kahn JP, Keeley H, Meszaros G, Nemes B, Podlogar T, Postuvan V, Saiz PA, Sisask M, Tubiana A, Varnik A, Wasserman D. Life-time prevalence and psychosocial correlates of adolescent direct self-injurious behavior: a comparative study of findings in 11 European countries. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2014; 55:337-48. [PMID: 24215434 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence and associated psychosocial factors of occasional and repetitive direct self-injurious behavior (D-SIB), such as self-cutting, -burning, -biting, -hitting, and skin damage by other methods, in representative adolescent samples from 11 European countries. METHODS Cross-sectional assessment of adolescents was performed within the European Union funded project, Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE), which was conducted in 11 European countries. The representative sample comprised 12,068 adolescents (F/M: 6,717/5,351; mean age: 14.9 ± 0.89) recruited from randomly selected schools. Frequency of D-SIB was assessed by a modified 6-item questionnaire based on previously used versions of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI). In addition, a broad range of demographic, social, and psychological factors was assessed. RESULTS Overall lifetime prevalence of D-SIB was 27.6%; 19.7% reported occasional D-SIB and 7.8% repetitive D-SIB. Lifetime prevalence ranged from 17.1% to 38.6% across countries. Estonia, France, Germany, and Israel had the highest lifetime rates of D-SIB, while students from Hungary, Ireland, and Italy reported low rates. Suicidality as well as anxiety and depressive symptoms had the highest odds ratios for both occasional and repetitive D-SIB. There was a strong association of D-SIB with both psychopathology and risk-behaviors, including family related neglect and peer-related rejection/victimization. Associations between psychosocial variables and D-SIB were strongly influenced by both gender and country. Only a minor proportion of the adolescents who reported D-SIB ever received medical treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggest high lifetime prevalence of D-SIB in European adolescents. Prevalence as well as psychosocial correlates seems to be significantly influenced by both gender and country. These results support the need for a multidimensional approach to better understand the development of SIB and facilitate culturally adapted prevention/intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romuald Brunner
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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33
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Guerreiro DF, Sampaio D, Rihmer Z, Gonda X, Figueira ML. Affective temperaments and self-harm in adolescents: a cross-sectional study from a community sample. J Affect Disord 2013; 151:891-8. [PMID: 24035491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent self-harm (SH) is a major health problem potentially associated with poor outcomes including reduced life expectancy and risk of completed suicide in adulthood. Several studies point to the role of possible constitutional vulnerabilities that could predispose to this behavior. This study sets out to assess the relationship between SH and affective temperaments (AT) in adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of public school students (n=1713), with age limits between 12 and 20, was examined using anonymously completed self-report instruments including 'The Lifestyle & Coping Questionnaire' and the 'Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-auto-questionnaire' (TEMPS-A). SH was defined according to strict criteria through a two-stage procedure. Statistical significance of associations with SH for categorical variables was assessed in bivariate analysis. AT predictors of lifetime SH were examined in multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Lifetime SH was reported by 7.3%, being about three times more frequent in females. SH was associated, in both genders, with a significant deviation on depressive, cyclothymic and irritable dimensions of TEMPS-A. After multivariate logistic regression adjusted to family typology, smoking status, alcohol and drug consumption, only depressive temperament remained significantly associated as a predictor of SH in both genders. LIMITATIONS The use of self-rating instruments and the cross-sectional nature of the study limit our results. CONCLUSIONS Cyclothymic, irritable and especially depressive temperament might represent an important marker of vulnerability to SH in both male and female adolescents.
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34
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Tang J, Ma Y, Guo Y, Ahmed NI, Yu Y, Wang J. Association of aggression and non-suicidal self injury: a school-based sample of adolescents. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78149. [PMID: 24205132 PMCID: PMC3813494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent has drawn increasing attention because it is associated with subsequent depression, drug abuse, anxiety disorders, and suicide. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in a school-based sample of Chinese adolescents and to explore the association between aggression and NSSI. METHODS This study was part of a nationwide study on aggression among adolescents in urban areas of China. A sample of 2907 school students including 1436 boys and 1471 girls were randomly selected in Guangdong Province, with their age ranging from 10 to 18 years old. NSSI, aggression, emotional management and other factors were measured by self-administrated questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between aggression and NSSI, after adjustment for participants' emotional management, and other potential confounding variables. RESULTS The one year self-reported prevalence of NSSI was 33.6%. Of them, 21.7% engaged in 'minor NSSI', 11.9% in 'moderate/severe NSSI'. 96.9% of self-injuries engaged in one to five different types of NSSI in the past year. Hostility, verbal and indirect aggression was significantly associated with self-reported NSSI after adjusting for other potential factors both in 'minor NSSI' and 'moderate/severe NSSI'. Hostility, verbal and indirect aggression was significantly associated with greater risk of 'minor NSSI' and 'moderate/severe NSSI' in those who had poor emotional management ability. CONCLUSION These findings highlight a high prevalence of NSSI and indicate the importance of hostility, verbal and indirect aggression as potentially risk factor for NSSI among Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Child, Adolescence & Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Niman Isse Ahmed
- Department of Child, Adolescence & Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yizhen Yu
- Department of Child, Adolescence & Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (JW)
| | - Jiaji Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (JW)
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35
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Andersson MJE, Tannå H, Nordin S. Self-image in adolescents with deliberate self-harm behavior. Psych J 2013; 2:209-16. [DOI: 10.1002/pchj.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Tannå
- Department of Psychology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Steven Nordin
- Department of Psychology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
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36
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Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in German-speaking countries: comparing prevalence rates from three community samples. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48:1439-45. [PMID: 23292435 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-012-0645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been recognized as a significant mental health problem in adolescence with high prevalence rates. To date, there are few studies that compare rates of adolescent NSSI between different countries. Thus far no prevalence rates of adolescent NSSI have been reported for Austrian or Swiss community samples. METHODS This study aimed to assess and compare rates of adolescent NSSI in school samples from Austria, Germany and Switzerland using the same assessment instrument (Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory; OSI). RESULTS Within these countries, 6-month prevalence rates between 7.6 and 14.6% were found, with rates showing significant differences between countries (χ² = 16.54, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate with some variability the significant rates of NSSI in youth in a cross-country study.
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37
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McMahon EM, Corcoran P, McAuliffe C, Keeley H, Perry IJ, Arensman E. Mediating Effects of Coping Style on Associations Between Mental Health Factors and Self-Harm Among Adolescents. CRISIS 2013; 34:242-50. [DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: There is evidence for an association between suicidal behavior and coping style among adolescents. Aims: The aims of this study were to examine associations between coping style, mental health factors, and self-harm thoughts and acts among Irish adolescents, and to investigate whether coping style mediates associations between mental health factors (depression, anxiety, and self-esteem) and self-harm. Method: A cross-sectional school-based survey was carried out. Information was obtained on history of self-harm, life events, and demographic, psychological, and lifestyle factors. Results: Emotion-oriented coping was strongly associated with poorer mental health and self-harm thoughts and acts. Problem-Oriented Coping was associated with better mental health. Mediating effects of Emotion-Oriented Coping on associations between mental health factors and deliberate self-harm (DSH) was found for both genders and between Problem-Oriented Coping and mental health factors for girls. Similar mediating effects of coping style were found when risk of self-harm thoughts was examined. Limitations: Since the methodology used was cross-sectional, it is impossible to draw conclusions regarding causal relationships between coping style and associated factors. The coping measure used was brief. Conclusions: Promotion of positive coping skills and reduction of emotion-focused approaches may build resilience to self-harm thoughts and acts among adolescents experiencing mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helen Keeley
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, HSE Southern Area, Mallow, Ireland
| | - Ivan J. Perry
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland
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38
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Saldias A, Power K, Gillanders DT, Campbell CW, Blake RA. The Mediatory Role of Maladaptive Schema Modes Between Parental Care and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. Cogn Behav Ther 2013; 42:244-57. [DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2013.781671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Moller CI, Tait RJ, Byrne DG. Deliberate Self-Harm, Substance Use, and Negative Affect in Nonclinical Samples: A Systematic Review. Subst Abus 2013; 34:188-207. [DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2012.693462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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40
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Guerreiro DF, Cruz D, Frasquilho D, Santos JC, Figueira ML, Sampaio D. Association between deliberate self-harm and coping in adolescents: a critical review of the last 10 years' literature. Arch Suicide Res 2013; 17:91-105. [PMID: 23614483 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2013.776439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Coping is commonly associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents. This article reviews the published literature from 2000 to 2010, aiming to highlight the current evidence supporting this association. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria, a total sample of 24,702 subjects was obtained and 17% were DSH cases. Emotion-focused coping style and in particular avoidant coping strategies have consistently been associated with DSH in adolescents. Problem-focused coping style seems to have a negative relation. Most studies were cross-sectional, which seriously limits our conclusions on causality. There is a clear need for more systematic studies, performed in accordance with consensual methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo F Guerreiro
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
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41
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Stress, emotional eating behaviour and dietary patterns in children. Appetite 2012; 59:762-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Michels N, Vanaelst B, Vyncke K, Sioen I, Huybrechts I, De Vriendt T, De Henauw S. Children's Body composition and Stress - the ChiBS study: aims, design, methods, population and participation characteristics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 70:17. [PMID: 22958377 PMCID: PMC3524083 DOI: 10.1186/0778-7367-70-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The last decades, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased. Apart from other lifestyle factors, the effect of chronic psychosocial stress on the development of obesity has been recognized. However, more research is needed into the influence of chronic stress on appetite regulation, energy balance and body composition, as well as on the interaction with physical activity/sedentary behavior, diet and sleep in children. In this regard, the ChiBS study (Children's Body composition and Stress) was designed at the Ghent University. Within this paper, we describe the aims, design, methods, participation and population characteristics of the ChiBS study. METHODS The influence of chronic stress on changes in body composition is investigated over a two-year follow-up period (February-June 2010, 2011 and 2012) in primary-school children between 6 and 12 years old in the city Aalter (Flanders, Belgium).Stress is measured by child- and parent-reported stress-questionnaires, as well as by objective stress biomarkers (serum, salivary and hair cortisol) and heart rate variability. Body composition is evaluated using basic anthropometric measurements and air displacement plethysmography. Additional information on socio-economic status, medical history, physical activity, dietary intake and sleep are obtained by questionnaires, and physical activity by accelerometers. RESULTS The participation percentage was 68.7% (N = 523/761), with 71.3% of the children willing to participate in the first follow-up survey. Drop-out proportions were highest for serum sampling (12.1%), salivary sampling (8.3%) and heart rate variability measurements (7.4%). DISCUSSION The ChiBS project is unique in its setting: its standardized and longitudinal approach provides valuable data and new insights into the relationship between stress and changes in body composition in a large cohort of young children. In addition, this study allows an in-depth investigation of the validity of the different methods that were used to assess stress levels in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 2 Blok A, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Giletta M, Scholte RHJ, Engels RCME, Ciairano S, Prinstein MJ. Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: a cross-national study of community samples from Italy, the Netherlands and the United States. Psychiatry Res 2012; 197:66-72. [PMID: 22436348 PMCID: PMC3666103 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined rates and correlates of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) across three non-clinical adolescent samples from different countries. Surveys were administered to 1862 adolescents (M(age)=15.69, S.D.=0.87) from Italy (n=827), the Netherlands (n=675), and United States (n=360), including measures of NSSI, substance use, internal (i.e., depressive symptoms, loneliness), and interpersonal factors (i.e., peer victimization, peer preference). After controlling for socio-demographic differences, similar prevalence of NSSI was found across the three samples, with approximately 24% of the adolescents reporting at least one NSSI episode within the last year. Multivariate logistic regressions showed that adolescents' victimization and higher levels of depressive symptoms and family-related loneliness were associated concurrently with NSSI comparably in all three samples. However, multi-group analyses indicated that the association between NSSI and substance use varied significantly across samples, indicating that NSSI related more strongly to substance use (i.e., cigarette smoking and frequent marijuana use) in the sample from the United States rather than the samples from the Netherlands and Italy. Findings provide evidence of NSSI and suggest high similarities in rates and correlates across samples from different countries. Future research should further explore NSSI cross-nationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giletta
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Shek DTL, Yu L. Self-harm and suicidal behaviors in Hong Kong adolescents: prevalence and psychosocial correlates. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:932540. [PMID: 22566783 PMCID: PMC3322490 DOI: 10.1100/2012/932540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper examined the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of adolescent deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal behavior in a representative sample of 3,328 secondary school students in Hong Kong. With reference to the previous year, 32.7% of the students reported at least one form of DSH, 13.7% of the respondents had suicide thoughts, 4.9% devised specific suicidal plans, and 4.7% had actually attempted suicide. Adolescent girls had significantly higher rates of DSH and suicidal behavior than did adolescent boys. Having remarried parents was related to an increased likelihood of DSH and suicide. While high levels of family functioning, overall positive youth development, and academic and school performance predicted low rates of DSH and suicidal behavior, cognitive and behavioral competencies were unexpectedly found to be positively associated with DSH and suicidal behavior. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T L Shek
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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45
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Rissanen ML, Kylma J, Laukkanen E. Helping self-mutilating adolescents: descriptions of Finnish nurses. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2012; 33:251-62. [PMID: 22468591 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2011.653035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the views of Finnish nurses in regards to providing help for adolescents who self-mutilate. Nine nurses participated, and when the interviews and written descriptions were qualitatively analysed, four main categories of information emerged. The first category comprises the nurses' views on self-mutilation. The second category describes the people who are able to be helpers. The third category describes the content of help, which is made up of a variety of acts provided by non-health professionals that promote the healthy development of adolescents. The fourth category describes care provided by nurses to adolescents who self-mutilate. Guidelines for caring for self-mutilating adolescents are needed, including information on the phenomenon of self-mutilation.
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Muehlenkamp JJ, Claes L, Havertape L, Plener PL. International prevalence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2012; 6:10. [PMID: 22462815 PMCID: PMC3348041 DOI: 10.1186/1753-2000-6-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The behaviours of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and deliberate self-harm (DSH) are prevalent among adolescents, and an increase of rates in recent years has been postulated. There is a lack of studies to support this postulation, and comparing prevalence across studies and nations is complicated due to substantial differences in the methodology and nomenclature of existing research. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of current (2005 - 2011) empirical studies reporting on the prevalence of NSSI and DSH in adolescent samples across the globe. RESULTS Fifty-two studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were obtained for analysis. No statistically significant differences were found between NSSI (18.0% SD = 7.3) and DSH (16.1% SD = 11.6) studies. Assessment using single item questions led to lower prevalence rates than assessment with specific behaviour checklists. Mean prevalence rates have not increased in the past five years, suggesting stabilization. CONCLUSION NSSI and DSH have a comparable prevalence in studies with adolescents from different countries. The field would benefit from adopting a common approach to assessment to aide cross-cultural study and comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Muehlenkamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, UW-Eau Claire, 105 Garfield Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54702, USA
| | - Laurence Claes
- Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lindsey Havertape
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, UW-Eau Claire, 105 Garfield Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54702, USA
| | - Paul L Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Steinhoevelstr. 5, 89075 Ulm, Germany
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Watanabe N, Nishida A, Shimodera S, Inoue K, Oshima N, Sasaki T, Inoue S, Akechi T, Furukawa TA, Okazaki Y. Help-seeking behavior among Japanese school students who self-harm: results from a self-report survey of 18,104 adolescents. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2012; 8:561-9. [PMID: 23209369 PMCID: PMC3509995 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s37543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with poor help-seeking among adolescents who self-harm and to explore the resources used for help. METHODS A cross-sectional survey using an anonymous questionnaire was conducted in 47 junior and 30 senior high schools in Japan. Adolescent self-harm was defined as an adolescent who had harmed himself or herself in the previous year, as in previous studies reported in Western countries. Poor help-seeking was defined as not consulting anyone despite reporting current psychological or somatic complaints. Information about sociodemographic and psychological factors possibly associated with help-seeking, such as suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, and psychotic-like experiences, was also collected. Regression analyses were performed to examine associated factors. RESULTS A total of 18,104 students (8620 aged 12-15 years, 9484 aged 15-18 years), accounting for 93% of all students in the relevant student classes, participated in the study. Two hundred and seventy-six (3.3%) junior and 396 (4.3%) senior high school students reported having self-harmed. Of these, 40.6% of adolescents in junior and 37.6% in senior high schools were classified as poor help-seeking. Poor help-seeking with regard to self-harm was significantly more common in those who reported not having consulted anyone about psychological problems (odds ratio 9.2, 95% confidence interval 4.6-18.4 in juniors; odds ratio 9.9, confidence interval 5.5-17.9 in seniors) and in those with current suicidal ideation (odds ratio 2.0, confidence interval 1.0-3.7 in juniors; odds ratio 1.9, confidence interval 1.1-3.4 in seniors). Family members were approached significantly less often as a resource for help by students who self-harmed than by those who did not, and school nurses were more often consulted by those who did self-harm. CONCLUSION Around 40% of adolescents who self-harmed in the previous year did not seek help. School-based mental health should screen students at risk of self-harm, and educate school nurses about preventative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya
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Greydanus DE, Apple RW. The relationship between deliberate self-harm behavior, body dissatisfaction, and suicide in adolescents: current concepts. J Multidiscip Healthc 2011; 4:183-9. [PMID: 21811385 PMCID: PMC3141836 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s11569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a common though often hidden condition in children and adolescents that may result in suicide. This discussion covers several aspects of DSH including its prevalence, etiology, and management. The relationships of DSH to body dissatisfaction and suicide are specifically considered. Even though most cases of DSH do not end in overt suicide, DSH reflects that potential underlying psychological pathophysiology, and likelihood of eventual death from self-murder, cannot always be predicted or prevented. It is important to take all acts of DSH as serious, and to offer comprehensive management to prevent future acts of DSH and potential suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Greydanus
- Pediatrics and Human Development; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Toprak S, Cetin I, Guven T, Can G, Demircan C. Self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among college students. Psychiatry Res 2011; 187:140-4. [PMID: 21040980 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts are well represented behaviours in the general population of both developed and developing countries. These behaviours are indicative of underlying risk factors that show a strong interdependent correlation. In this study we attempted to define correlates for and prevalence of self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts among Turkish college students. This 2006 study included 636 students from two Turkish state universities. Our results showed that the lifetime prevalence of self-harm was 15.4%, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 11.4%, and the prevalence of suicide attempts was 7.1%. We uncovered correlates for self-harm, including low income, unsatisfying familial relationships, smoking, and alcohol, inhalant, and tranquilizer abuse. Tranquilizer abuse shared a dual role as a correlate for suicide ideation and as a means to attempt suicide. Additionally, we found that drug abusers and adolescents who practise self-harm presented the highest suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadik Toprak
- Forensic Medicine Department, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, 67600 Zonguldak, Turkey.
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Tang J, Yu Y, Wu Y, Du Y, Ma Y, Zhu H, Zhang P, Liu Z. Association between non-suicidal self-injuries and suicide attempts in Chinese adolescents and college students: a cross-section study. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17977. [PMID: 21494656 PMCID: PMC3072963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the association between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents and college students. METHODS A total sample of 2013 Chinese students were randomly selected from five schools in Wuhan, China, including 1101 boys and 912 girls with the age ranging between 10 and 24 years. NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and depressive symptoms were measured by self-rated questionnaires. Self-reported suicide attempts were regressed on suicidal ideation and NSSI, controlling for participants' depressive symptoms, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS The self-reported prevalence rates of NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts were 15.5%, 8.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses indicated that NSSI was significantly associated with self-reported suicide attempts. Analyses examining the conditional association of NSSI and suicidal ideation with self-reported suicide attempts revealed that NSSI was significantly associated with greater risk of suicide attempts in those not reporting suicidal ideation than those reporting suicidal ideation in the past year. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of NSSI as a potentially independent risk factor for suicide attempts among Chinese/Han adolescents and college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yizhen Yu
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yukai Du
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiping Zhu
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuoya Liu
- Department of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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