1
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Safi R, Menéndez P, Pol A. Lipid droplets provide metabolic flexibility for cancer progression. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1301-1327. [PMID: 38325881 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A hallmark of cancer cells is their remarkable ability to efficiently adapt to favorable and hostile environments. Due to a unique metabolic flexibility, tumor cells can grow even in the absence of extracellular nutrients or in stressful scenarios. To achieve this, cancer cells need large amounts of lipids to build membranes, synthesize lipid-derived molecules, and generate metabolic energy in the absence of other nutrients. Tumor cells potentiate strategies to obtain lipids from other cells, metabolic pathways to synthesize new lipids, and mechanisms for efficient storage, mobilization, and utilization of these lipids. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the organelles that collect and supply lipids in eukaryotes and it is increasingly recognized that the accumulation of LDs is a new hallmark of cancer cells. Furthermore, an active role of LD proteins in processes underlying tumorigenesis has been proposed. Here, by focusing on three major classes of LD-resident proteins (perilipins, lipases, and acyl-CoA synthetases), we provide an overview of the contribution of LDs to cancer progression and discuss the role of LD proteins during the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and stemness of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Safi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer, CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Advanced Cell Therapies (TERAV), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Utikal J, Nagel P, Müller V, Becker JC, Dippel E, Frisman A, Gschnell M, Griewank K, Hadaschik E, Helbig D, Hillen U, Leiter U, Pföhler C, Krönig L, Ziemer M, Ugurel S. S1-Guideline Sebaceous Carcinoma. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:730-747. [PMID: 38679790 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Sebaceous gland carcinomas are rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors with sebocytic differentiation. The typical predilection area is the head and neck region, where sebaceous gland carcinomas are the most common malignant adnexal tumors of the skin. According to their localization a distinction is made between periocular and extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas. Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) should always be ruled out if it is suspected. In terms of prognosis, sebaceous gland carcinomas are potentially aggressive tumors with a clear tendency to recur and metastasize. Only small extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas that have been completely resected have a very good prognosis. Sebaceous gland carcinomas most frequently metastasize lymphogenously to regional or distant lymph nodes; organ metastasis occurs less frequently. Periocular sebaceous gland carcinomas have a higher metastasis rate (up to 15%) than extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas (up to 2%). Complete micrographically controlled surgery (MCS) of the primary tumor is the therapy of first choice, regardless of periocular or extraocular localization. Adjuvant or therapeutic radiotherapy may be considered. There is currently no established standard therapy for advanced, inoperable, or metastatic sebaceous gland carcinomas. Local procedures and systemic therapies such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy can be considered. The procedure should be determined individually by an interdisciplinary tumor board. Close follow-up care is recommended for these potentially aggressive carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Utikal
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pia Nagel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Verena Müller
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology of the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edgar Dippel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ludwigshafen Medical Center, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Alexander Frisman
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Gschnell
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Griewank
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva Hadaschik
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Doris Helbig
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Hillen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Vivantes Hospital Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Center for Dermato-Oncology, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Pföhler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology and Skin Tumor Center, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Lisa Krönig
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mirjana Ziemer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Selma Ugurel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Essen, Essen, Germany
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3
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Utikal J, Nagel P, Müller V, Becker JC, Dippel E, Frisman A, Gschnell M, Griewank K, Hadaschik E, Helbig D, Hillen U, Leiter U, Pföhler C, Krönig L, Ziemer M, Ugurel S. S1‐Leitlinie Talgdrüsenkarzinom. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:730-749. [PMID: 38730519 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15405_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Sebaceous gland carcinomas are rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors with sebocytic differentiation. The typical predilection area is the head and neck region, where sebaceous gland carcinomas are the most common malignant adnexal tumors of the skin. According to their localization a distinction is made between periocular and extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas. Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) should always be ruled out if it is suspected. In terms of prognosis, sebaceous gland carcinomas are potentially aggressive tumors with a clear tendency to recur and metastasize. Only small extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas that have been completely resected have a very good prognosis. Sebaceous gland carcinomas most frequently metastasize lymphogenously to regional or distant lymph nodes; organ metastasis occurs less frequently. Periocular sebaceous gland carcinomas have a higher metastasis rate (up to 15%) than extraocular sebaceous gland carcinomas (up to 2%). Complete micrographically controlled surgery (MCS) of the primary tumor is the therapy of first choice, regardless of periocular or extraocular localization. Adjuvant or therapeutic radiotherapy may be considered. There is currently no established standard therapy for advanced, inoperable or metastatic sebaceous gland carcinomas. Local procedures and system therapies such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy can be considered. The procedure should be determined individually in an interdisciplinary tumor board. Close follow-up care is recommended for these potentially aggressive carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Utikal
- Klinische Kooperationseinheit Dermatoonkologie des Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrums (DKFZ) Heidelberg und der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland
- DKFZ Hector Krebsinstitut an der Universitätsmedizin Mannheim
| | - Pia Nagel
- Klinische Kooperationseinheit Dermatoonkologie des Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrums (DKFZ) Heidelberg und der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland
- DKFZ Hector Krebsinstitut an der Universitätsmedizin Mannheim
| | - Verena Müller
- Klinische Kooperationseinheit Dermatoonkologie des Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrums (DKFZ) Heidelberg und der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland
- DKFZ Hector Krebsinstitut an der Universitätsmedizin Mannheim
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Translationale Hautkrebsforschung, Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Essen, und Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Edgar Dippel
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen
| | - Alexander Frisman
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Martin Gschnell
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg
| | - Klaus Griewank
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen
| | - Eva Hadaschik
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen
| | - Doris Helbig
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Uniklinikum Köln
| | - Uwe Hillen
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Zentrum für Dermatoonkologie, Universitäts-Hautklinik Tübingen, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
| | - Claudia Pföhler
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie und Hauttumorzentrum am UKS, Homburg/Saar
| | - Lisa Krönig
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg
| | - Mirjana Ziemer
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Leipzig
| | - Selma Ugurel
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen
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Silva Cunha JL, Paes de Almeida O, de Carvalho MGF, Dantas Soares C. Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma: A rare presentation on the tongue and review of the literature. Oral Oncol 2024; 148:106647. [PMID: 38006687 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is exceedingly rare, especially in the tongue. We reported the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of a rare SC case in a 59-year-old male who presented a painful ulcer on the tongue's posterior region. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of atypical basaloid cells with round to oval nuclei and prominent nucleoli arranged in lobes showing prominent sebaceous differentiation and areas of holocrine secretion. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and negativity for cytokeratin 7 (CK7). The sebaceous cells were positive for adipophilin and perforin. Wide surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy was performed. Careful histopathological analysis of these lesions is crucial to ensure a correct diagnosis. Due to the aggressive behavior of SCs, early diagnosis and treatment are essential to increase the patient's survival time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of SC in the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lennon Silva Cunha
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Ciro Dantas Soares
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Private Pathology Service, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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5
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Adachi A, Oike T, Tamura M, Ota N, Ohno T. Radiotherapy With Hydrogen Peroxide-Soaked Gauze for Preauricular Sebaceous Carcinoma. Cureus 2022; 14:e27464. [PMID: 35923494 PMCID: PMC9339371 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor deriving from the adnexal epithelium of the sebaceous glands. The case of inoperable preauricular sebaceous carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy is first reported herein. Radiotherapy of 60 Gy in 30 fractions was combined with a hydrogen peroxide-soaked gauze bolus aiming at potential radiosensitization. Macroscopic complete remission was achieved eight months after radiotherapy with tolerable adverse effects. Although further clinical studies are needed, radiotherapy with a hydrogen peroxide-soaked gauze bolus can be an effective and tolerable treatment for inoperable patients with extraocular sebaceous carcinoma.
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6
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Sebaceous carcinoma of the lip: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:241. [PMID: 35715870 PMCID: PMC9206368 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sebaceous carcinoma is a very rare, aggressive, malignant tumor arising in the adnexal epithelium of the sebaceous gland. Sebaceous carcinoma in the oral cavity is extremely rare, with only 14 cases reported in literature. We reported the fourth case of sebaceous carcinoma involving the lip CASE PRESENTATION: A 71-year-old Caucasian male smoker presented an ulcerated lesion in the lateral region of the lower lip. The patient stated that the lesion had been present for 1 year. The past medical history was unremarkable. Extraoral examination revealed a markedly ulcerated, exophytic, irregularly shaped, indurated mass of the lower right labial region, measuring 1.8 cm in size. The nodular lesion, located at the point of transition between mucosa and skin, showed a central ulceration. No other intraoral lesions were identified. The clinical differential diagnosis included squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation, and salivary gland neoplasms. Operation was performed under local anesthesia. On histopathological examination, the tumor was composed by nodules or sheet of cells separated by a fibrovascular stroma. The neoplastic tissue was deeply infiltrating, involving the submucosa and even the underlying muscle. Neoplastic cells showed a range of sebaceous differentiation with finely vacuolated rather than clear cytoplasm. Neoplastic cells were positive for S-100 protein and epithelial membrane antigen, but negative for carcinoembryonic antigen. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of sebaceous carcinoma of the lower lip was rendered. CONCLUSION The histogenesis, differential diagnosis, and clinicopathological conditions of this disease according to literature are reviewed. Sebaceous carcinoma should be distinguished from other tumors full of vacuolated clear cells. A periodic acid-Schiff stain and immunohistochemical stain for Ki-67, P53, cytokeratin, S-100, epithelial membrane antigen, and androgen receptor can be useful for the diagnosis.
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7
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Lu Q, Fu XY, Huang Y. Sebaceous carcinoma of the right palate: case report and literature review. Gland Surg 2021; 10:1819-1825. [PMID: 34164327 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Considering the low incidence rates of primary sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of extraorbital sites, let alone those occur in intraoral sites, clinicopathological characteristics and histogenesis are not fully understood. In the present case, a maxillary mass was presented and a low-grade malignant tumor was suspected according to the CT scans, preoperative FNA, and clinical conditions. Other carcinomas, including acinar cell carcinoma (ACC), basaloid cell carcinoma (BCC), SCC, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), were also considered before surgery. Due to the rare occurrence of SC and no preoperative suspects, a fresh sample was not kept. Sadly, thus cause those special stains (e.g., Oil Red O and Sudan IV) which form the primary basis for a diagnosis of SC in academic circles were missing. A comprehensive literature review identified only 10 cases of intraoral SC, of which the primary sites reported in the English literature were the buccal mucosa, mouth floor, upper labial mucosa, and tongue. Due to an absence of specific biomarkers and simulated characters, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry such as PAS, CK, EMA, p63, p53, S-100, calponin, CD117, Ki-67, a-SMA, and AR form the diagnostic standard of SC. Postoperative immunohistochemistry of our case showed S100(-), Ki-67(-), calponin(-), CD117(-), CK20(-), PAS(-), AR(+), CK(+), CK5/6(+), P53(+), P63(+), a-SMA (+). Thus the diagnosis of SC was finally made. Through discussing the findings of our case and reviewing literature, we present the histological features and discuss possible outstanding biomarkers of this neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lu
- Department of stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Fu
- Department of Oncology, Wenjiang District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Cruz ALS, Barreto EDA, Fazolini NPB, Viola JPB, Bozza PT. Lipid droplets: platforms with multiple functions in cancer hallmarks. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:105. [PMID: 32029741 PMCID: PMC7005265 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (also known as lipid bodies) are lipid-rich, cytoplasmic organelles that play important roles in cell signaling, lipid metabolism, membrane trafficking, and the production of inflammatory mediators. Lipid droplet biogenesis is a regulated process, and accumulation of these organelles within leukocytes, epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and other nonadipocyte cells is a frequently observed phenotype in several physiologic or pathogenic situations and is thoroughly described during inflammatory conditions. Moreover, in recent years, several studies have described an increase in intracellular lipid accumulation in different neoplastic processes, although it is not clear whether lipid droplet accumulation is directly involved in the establishment of these different types of malignancies. This review discusses current evidence related to the biogenesis, composition and functions of lipid droplets related to the hallmarks of cancer: inflammation, cell metabolism, increased proliferation, escape from cell death, and hypoxia. Moreover, the potential of lipid droplets as markers of disease and targets for novel anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic therapies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- André L S Cruz
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physiopathology, Polo Novo Cavaleiros, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, Brazil
| | - Ester de A Barreto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Narayana P B Fazolini
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João P B Viola
- Program of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Patricia T Bozza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Giridhar P, Kashyap L, Mallick S, Dutt Upadhyay A, Rath GK. Impact of surgery and adjuvant treatment on the outcome of extraocular sebaceous carcinoma: a systematic review and individual patient's data analysis of 206 cases. Int J Dermatol 2019; 59:494-505. [PMID: 31850516 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma (EOSC) is an aggressive malignancy of the sebaceous gland. Surgery is considered the cornerstone of treatment, but there is lack of clarity about extent and adjuvant treatment. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and analysis of individual patient data of all published cases of EOSC to look into demography, pattern of care, importance of type of surgery, and other adjuvant treatment and survival outcome. A search of PubMed and Google Scholar was done with the key words sebaceous carcinoma, extraocular sebaceous carcinoma, and Muir-Torre syndrome till December 2017. The data were compiled in an Excel chart and analyzed using SPSS IBM software. RESULTS Data of 206 patients were retrieved. Median age at presentation was 65 years (range: 11-96 years). Surgery was performed in all except 13 patients. Of these 13, eight were deemed inoperable for extensive disease, and five had metastatic disease. Median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 84 months (95% CI: 10-158 months) and 92 months (95% CI: 59-126 months). Univariate analysis revealed significantly poor survival for patients with a metastatic disease, regional nodal metastasis, and those with Mohs micrographic or incomplete surgery. CONCLUSION EOSC is a disease of elderly patients with good prognosis. Complete surgery with regional lymph node dissection is standard treatment. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy is debatable but can be considered in patients with incomplete surgery or high-risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Giridhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakhan Kashyap
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Supriya Mallick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Dutt Upadhyay
- Department of Bio-statistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Goura K Rath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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10
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Intraoral Sebaceous Carcinoma: Case Report of a Rare Tumor Emphasizing the Histopathological Differential Diagnosis. Case Rep Dent 2018; 2018:3054931. [PMID: 30116646 PMCID: PMC6079601 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3054931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy, usually occurring predominantly in the eyelids and only occasionally involving the oral cavity. Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignancy. Only 10 cases of sebaceous carcinoma of the oral cavity have been reported so far. Case Presentation A 40-year-old female presented with a mass on the left side of the middle third of the face. Radiographic findings were inconclusive. Resection of the mass was consistent with the diagnosis of primary sebaceous carcinoma. Conclusion Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma is uncommon. Due to its varied clinical appearance and presence of a diverse histopathologic appearance, the diagnosis is quite often confounding and elusive. Hence, it is imperative to familiarize oneself about various aspects of this rare tumor for earlier diagnosis, to improve the chances of patient's survival.
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11
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Hadravsky L, Kazakov DV, Stehlik J, Michal M, Curik R, Krupa P, Skalova A, Kacerovska D. Aggressive Extraocular Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Scalp Involving the Brain in a Patient With Muir–Torre Syndrome. Am J Dermatopathol 2016; 38:618-22. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Rowe ME, Khorsandi AS, Urken GR, Wenig BM. Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma metastatic to the lung and subcutis: Case report and discussion of the literature. Head Neck 2015; 38:E20-4. [PMID: 25899035 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma is a rare form of sebaceous carcinoma with only 9 published cases in the world literature to date. We present a 10th case of intraoral sebaceous carcinoma located in the anterior maxillary gingiva with metastases to the lung and subcutis and discuss 3 possible etiologies for this unique presentation. METHODS We analyze the clinical presentation, pathology, histology, and genetic testing for a single case study and review relevant literature. RESULTS The histologic findings of the lung tumor and surgical excisions of the tumors in the gingiva and subcutis suggest the gingiva is the primary site. There is no evidence for the genetic abnormalities consistent with Muir-Torre syndrome. CONCLUSION The histologic findings suggest the oral cavity is the most likely site of tumor origin. This is the first case of intraoral sebaceous carcinoma reported to arise in the gingiva as well as to spread to cutaneous sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E Rowe
- Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York.,Thyroid, Head, and Neck Cancer (THANC) Foundation, New York, New York
| | - Azita S Khorsandi
- Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York
| | - Grant R Urken
- Thyroid, Head, and Neck Cancer (THANC) Foundation, New York, New York
| | - Bruce M Wenig
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York.,Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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13
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Wetzel S, Pacelli P, Reich R, Freedman P. Sebaceous carcinoma of the maxillary gingival: First reported case involving the gingiva. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 120:e1-3. [PMID: 25561390 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinoma of the oral cavity is extremely rare. To date, only 9 cases of primary sebaceous carcinoma involving the oral cavity have been reported in the English literature, with the majority of cases occurring on the buccal mucosa. This report describes a case of sebaceous carcinoma involving the maxillary gingiva. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of sebaceous carcinoma of the gingiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Wetzel
- New York Hospital of Queens, Section of Oral Pathology, Flushing, New York, USA.
| | - Phillip Pacelli
- New Canaan and Westport Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Westport, Connecticut, USA
| | - Renee Reich
- New York Hospital of Queens, Section of Oral Pathology, Flushing, New York, USA
| | - Paul Freedman
- New York Hospital of Queens, Section of Oral Pathology, Flushing, New York, USA
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14
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Mariano FV, dos Santos HT, Azañero WD, da Cunha IW, Coutinho-Camilo CM, de Almeida OP, Kowalski LP, Altemani A. Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma of salivary glands is a lipid-rich tumour, and adipophilin can be valuable in its identification. Histopathology 2013; 63:558-67. [PMID: 23931576 DOI: 10.1111/his.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) of salivary glands shows morphological similarities to milk-secreting mammary epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to analyse the immunohistochemical expression of adipophilin (a component of milk lipid globule membranes) and of proteins related to secretory mechanisms (STAT5a and mammaglobin) in MASC and other salivary tumours. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten cases of MASC (all with ETV6 translocation) and 83 other salivary carcinomas were studied. In all MASC cases, adipophilin stained numerous large lipid droplets. These droplets were minute in other salivary carcinomas, except for sebaceous carcinoma. Overexpression of STAT5a was detected in all MASC cases, but only occasionally in other carcinomas. Mammaglobin expression occurred frequently in MASC (70% of cases), whereas, in other carcinomas, it was uncommon and limited. Only MASC showed cytoplasmic reactivity for p63, particularly in papillary-cystic areas. Positivity for S100, vimentin and high molecular weight keratin was observed in 100% of MASC cases. CONCLUSIONS MASC is a lipid-rich tumour containing large lipid droplets covered by adipophilin. This finding can be included among its defining immunohistochemical features, and possibly represents lactation-like secretory differentiation. Strong expression of STAT5a and cytoplasmic p63 in MASC reinforces this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, Medical Sciences Faculty, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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15
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Kojima Y, Takasawa A, Murata M, Akagashi K, Inoue T, Hara M, Tokunaga Y, Minase T, Hasegawa T, Sawada N. A case of urothelial carcinoma, lipid cell variant. Pathol Int 2013; 63:183-7. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kojima
- Department of Pathology; Sapporo Medical University; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology; Sapporo Medical University; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of Pathology; Sapporo Medical University; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Keigo Akagashi
- Department of Urology; Sanjukai Hospital; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Tomomi Inoue
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Sapporo Medical University Hospital; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Mamie Hara
- Sapporo Clinical Laboratory; Sapporo; Japan
| | | | | | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Sapporo Medical University Hospital; Sapporo; Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology; Sapporo Medical University; Sapporo; Japan
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16
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Gnepp DR. My journey into the world of salivary gland sebaceous neoplasms. Head Neck Pathol 2012; 6:101-10. [PMID: 22430772 PMCID: PMC3311956 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-012-0343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As part of this symposium honoring Leon Barnes, the authors were asked to present the case from which they learned the most. I chose a cystic sebaceous lymphadenoma (SL) as my case presentation. This paper presents this unusual case, as well as several additional sebaceous tumors that came across my desk the first few years I was in practice. These interesting cases led me to thoroughly review the literature on sebaceous tumors of the salivary glands, resulting in several publications, the largest series of sebaceous tumors published at this time as well as a careful review of all cases in the literature. The author will also review the current and previous literature on the five types of salivary gland sebaceous tumors: sebaceous adenoma, SL (and non-sebaceous lymphadenoma), sebaceous carcinoma, sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma, and sebaceous differentiation in other types of salivary gland lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R. Gnepp
- Pathology Department, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 593 Eddy St. APC 12, Providence, RI 02903 USA
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