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Gupta MK, Senthilkumar S, Rangan L. 3, 5-Dihydroxy 4', 7-dimethoxyflavone-DNA interaction study for nucleic acid detection and differential cell staining. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129713. [PMID: 38281518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The present study is focused on application of a natural compound, 3, 5-dihydroxy 4', 7-dimethoxyflavone (DHDM) from a medicinal plant Alpinia nigra for nucleic acid detection and differential cell staining. DHDM was found to interact with nucleic acid and forms complex, which was investigated for various applications. It was successfully utilized to visualize plasmid, genomic, and ds-linear DNA in agarose gel electrophoresis without affecting the DNA mobility in the gel. Fluorescence of DHDM increased several fold upon binding to dsDNA. Photostability of the compound was assessed and showed photobleaching effect that decreased gradually over time. Application of the compound was further extended to differential cell staining. When observed in fluorescence microscope, DHDM stained the dead cells and differentiated them from live cells in the case of bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells. Higher concentration of the compound was found to be less cytotoxic to cancerous cells. Nucleic acid staining dyes like Ethidium bromide (EtBr), Propidium iodide (PI), etc. are carcinogens and environmental pollutants and therefore DHDM a natural compound, is a major benefit and thus can serve as an alternative to the current dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Gupta
- Applied Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sanjana Senthilkumar
- Applied Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Latha Rangan
- Applied Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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2
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Zhou H, Xie ZX, Liang L, Zhang P, Ma X, Kong Z, Shen JW, Hu W. Theoretical investigation on the adsorption orientation of DNA on two-dimensional MoSe2. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Structure activity relationship analysis of antiproliferative cyclic C5-curcuminoids without DNA binding: Design, synthesis, lipophilicity and biological activity. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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DNA-BINDING and DNA-protecting activities of small natural organic molecules and food extracts. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 323:109030. [PMID: 32205154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The review summarizes literature data on the DNA-binding, DNA-protecting and DNA-damaging activities of a range of natural human endogenous and exogenous compounds. Small natural organic molecules bind DNA in a site-specific mode, by arranging tight touch with the structure of the major and minor grooves, as well as individual bases in the local duplex DNA. Polyphenols are the best-studied exogenous compounds from this point of view. Many of them demonstrate hormetic effects, producing both beneficial and damaging effects. An attempt to establish the dependence of DNA damage or DNA protection on the concentration of the compound turned out to be successful for some polyphenols, daidzein, genistein and resveratrol, which were DNA protecting in low concentrations and DNA damaging in high concentrations. There was no evident dependence on concentration for quercetin and kaempferol. Probably, the DNA-protecting effect is associated with the affinity to DNA. Caffeine and theophylline are DNA binders; at the same time, they favor DNA repair. Although most alkaloids damage DNA, berberine can protect DNA against damage. Among the endogenous compounds, hormones belonging to the amine class, thyroid and steroid hormones appear to bind DNA and produce some DNA damage. Thus, natural compounds continue to reveal beneficial or adverse effects on genome integrity and provide a promising source of therapeutic activities.
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Liu F, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li L, Zhao W, Shen JW, Liang L. Study on the adsorption orientation of DNA on two-dimensional MoS2 surface via molecular dynamics simulation: A vertical orientation phenomenon. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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6
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Thomas RK, Sukumaran S, Sudarsanakumar C. Photobehaviour and in vitro binding strategy of natural drug, chlorogenic acid with DNA: A case of groove binding. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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7
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Thomas RK, Sukumaran S, Sudarsanakumar C. Photophysical and thermodynamic evaluation on the in vitro and in silico binding profile of Camptothecin with DNA. Biophys Chem 2019; 246:40-49. [PMID: 30685627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CMT) is an anti-tumour alkaloid drug exhibiting selective topoisomerase-I inhibitory activity by eventually hindering dynamic functions of DNA duplex via initiating apoptosis. Unravelling the binding mechanism of CMT with bio macromolecular systems can offer fundamental information regarding the mechanism of actions which can lead to the design of rational proactive drugs. This study endeavoured the binding interactions of CMT with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) along with the structural alterations attained by the DNA duplex owing to CMT interactions through multi-spectroscopic, calorimetric and molecular docking studies. The UV-visible absorbance and fluorescence quenching studies revealed the binding strength of CMT with ct-DNA, evident from the binding constants K1 = 3.79 × 103 M-1 and Kq = 2 × 103 M-1. The time-resolved lifetime measurements inferred that the quenching was static due to the non-fluorescent ground state complex formation. The dye displacement study, temperature melting and viscosity measurements established a typical non-intercalative binding mode of CMT with ct-DNA. The binding isotherm deduced from ITC was found to be spontaneous and exothermic exerting a promising ΔG value of -6.2 kcal mol-1. The thermal kinetic parameters implied that the forces primarily involved in the CMT-ct-DNA complexation are hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. Moreover, the structural alterations of DNA duplex reflected in the CD and FTIR spectra could undeniably confirm the groove binding manner of CMT. The in silico extra precision docking study explored more accurate molecular illustrations of sequence specific minor groove binding mechanism evolved between CMT and DNA corroborating well with the experimental results. These innovative findings may shorten the path towards the development of novel and more effective CMT drug derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riju K Thomas
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Surya Sukumaran
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - C Sudarsanakumar
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India..
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8
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Zhang H, Fu H, Shao X, Chipot C, Monari A, Dehez F, Cai W. Conformational changes of DNA induced by a trans-azobenzene derivative via non-covalent interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:22645-22651. [PMID: 30132482 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03836h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In biological environments and in aqueous solution, DNA generally adopts the canonical B conformation. Recently, an azobenzene photoswitch containing a polyamine chain with three positive charges was shown to induce a reversible conformational transition between the A and B forms of DNA, the transition being triggered by trans-cis isomerization of the photoswitch upon non-covalent intercalation. It was proposed that, in its trans conformation, azobenzene stabilizes the A form of DNA. The structural details and the mechanism upon which trans-azobenzene induces the B-to-A DNA transition remain, however, unclear. In the present work, two possible intercalating modes of trans-azobenzene, from the minor groove and from the major groove, were investigated with all-atom molecular-dynamics simulations. Intercalation from the major groove was found to be the most probable binding mode due to favorable electrostatic and π-π stacking interactions. The free-energy profile associated with the B-to-A conformational transition reveals that intercalation from the major groove leads to a conformational change of DNA, showing a slight tendency to interconvert from B- to A-DNA, in agreement with the CD spectrum obtained from the experiment. However, the presence of only one interacting azobenzene is not sufficient to lead to a global conformational change to A-DNA. The present results are expected to serve in the design of DNA switches, which can induce reversible DNA conformational changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Haris P, Mary V, Sudarsanakumar C. Probing the interaction of the phytochemical 6-gingerol from the spice ginger with DNA. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:124-131. [PMID: 29454952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
6-Gingerol [5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) decan-3-one], the bio-active ingredient of the popular Indian spice ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), is well-known for its pharmacological and physiological actions. The potent antioxidant, antiemetic, antiulcer, antimicrobial, analgesic, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, immunostimulant, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, and cancer prevention activities of 6-Gingerol has been investigated and explored. 6-Gingerol is a good candidate for the treatment of various cancers including prostrate, pancreatic, breast, skin, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and renal cancer. In this study we report for the first time the molecular recognition of 6-Gingerol with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) through experimental and molecular modeling techniques confirming a minor groove binding mode of 6-Gingerol with ctDNA. Fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopic studies confirm the complex formation of 6-gingerol with ctDNA. The energetics and thermodynamics of the interaction of 6-Gingerol with ctDNA was explored by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The ctDNA helix melting upon 6-Gingerol binding was examined by melting temperature Tm analysis. Further the electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirms a possible groove binding of 6-Gingerol with ctDNA. Molecular docking and Molecular dynamics (MD) studies provide a detailed understanding on the interaction of 6-Gingerol binding in the minor groove of DNA which supports experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poovvathingal Haris
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Varughese Mary
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Chellappanpillai Sudarsanakumar
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India; Center for High Performance Computing, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India.
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10
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Mary V, Haris P, Varghese MK, Aparna P, Sudarsanakumar C. Experimental Probing and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Molecular Recognition of DNA Duplexes by the Flavonoid Luteolin. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:2237-2249. [PMID: 28825481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.6b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin (C15H10O6) is an important flavonoid found in many fruits, plants, medicinal herbs, and vegetables exhibiting many pharmacological properties. The anticancer, antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of luteolin have been reported. The pharmacological action of small molecules is dependent upon its interaction with biomacromolecules. The interactions of small molecules with DNA play a major role in the transcription and translation process. In this work, we explored the energetic profile of DNA-luteolin interaction by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The effect of temperature and salt concentration on DNA binding was examined by UV-Vis method. The mode of interaction was further probed by UV melting temperature analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. An atomic level insight on the recognition of luteolin with DNA was achieved by employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on luteolin in complex with AT- and GC-rich DNA sequences. AMBER force field proves to be appropriate in providing an understanding on the binding mode and specificity of luteolin with duplex DNA. MD results suggest a minor groove binding of luteolin with DNA and the binding free energy obtained is in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varughese Mary
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - P Haris
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Mathew K Varghese
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India.,Department of Physics, Pavanatma College , Murickassery, Kerala 685604, India
| | - P Aparna
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - C Sudarsanakumar
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India.,Center for High Performance Computing, Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
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11
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Azarhazin E, Izadyar M, Housaindokht MR. Molecular dynamic simulation and DFT study on the Drug-DNA interaction; Crocetin as an anti-cancer and DNA nanostructure model. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1063-1074. [PMID: 28330413 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1310060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this research, the interaction of Crocetin as an anti-cancer drug and a Dickerson DNA has been investigated. 25 ns molecular dynamic simulations of Crocetin and DNA composed of 12 base pairs and a sequence of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 were done in water. Three definite parts of the B-DNA were considered in analyzing the best interactive site from the thermodynamic point of view. Binding energy analysis showed that van der Waals interaction is the most important part related to the reciprocal O and H atoms of the Crocetin and DNA. Stabilizing interactions, obtained by ΔG calculations, showed that maximum and minimum interactions are related to the S1 and S3 regions, respectively. This means that the most probable van der Waals interaction site of the Dickerson B-DNA and Crocetin is located in the minor groove of DNA. Two sharp peaks at 2.55 and 1.75 Å in radial distribution functions of the PO⋯HO and NH⋯OC parts are related to new hydrogen bonds between the Crocetin and DNA in the complex which can be considered as the driving force of the anti-cancer mechanism of the Crocetin. Average values of 0.3 au and zero for the electron densities of the H⋯O bonds for DNA and complex, obtained by Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), means that the origin of DNA instability after complexation may be related to the H-bond denaturation by Crocetin. Finally, the evaluation of the dispersion interactions using the dispersion functional, -148.76 kcal.mol-1, confirmed the importance of the dispersion interaction in drug-DNA complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Azarhazin
- a Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Mohammad Izadyar
- a Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran
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12
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Haris P, Mary V, Aparna P, Dileep KV, Sudarsanakumar C. A comprehensive approach to ascertain the binding mode of curcumin with DNA. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 175:155-163. [PMID: 28033562 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural phytochemical from the rhizoma of Curcuma longa, the popular Indian spice that exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiviral activities. In the published literatures we can see different studies and arguments on the interaction of curcumin with DNA. The intercalative binding, groove binding and no binding of curcumin with DNA were reported. In this context, we conducted a detailed study to understand the mechanism of recognition of dimethylsulfoxide-solubilized curcumin by DNA. The interaction of curcumin with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The nature of binding and energetics of interaction were studied by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), UV-visible, fluorescence and melting temperature (Tm) analysis. The experimental data were compared with molecular modeling studies. Our investigation confirmed that dimethylsulfoxide-solubilized curcumin binds in the minor groove of the ctDNA without causing significant structural alteration to the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Haris
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Varughese Mary
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - P Aparna
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - K V Dileep
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Thalassery Campus, Palayad, Kerala 670661, India
| | - C Sudarsanakumar
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India; Center for High Performance Computing, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India.
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13
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Molecular dynamics simulation of the sliding of distamycin anticancer drug along DNA: interactions and sequence selectivity. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-016-1001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Qian T, Wang M, Wang J, Zhu R, He X, Sun X, Sun D, Wang Q, Wang S. Transient spectra study on photo-dynamics of curcumin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 166:38-43. [PMID: 27203233 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel mechanism of DNA damage induced by photosensitized curcumin (Cur) was explored using laser flash photolysis, pulse radiolysis and gel electrophoresis. Cur neutral radical (Cur) was confirmed as an identical product in photo-sensitization of Cur by laser flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis. A series of reaction rate constants between Cur and nucleic acid bases/nucleotides were determined by pulse radiolysis. Gel electrophoresis was carried out to investigate damage induced by photosensitized Cur to biologically active DNA. The results indicate that the damage to DNA may be caused by Cur produced from the photosensitization of Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qian
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaolie He
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qingxiu Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - ShiLong Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Haris P, Mary V, Haridas M, Sudarsanakumar C. Energetics, Thermodynamics, and Molecular Recognition of Piperine with DNA. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:2644-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Haridas
- Inter
University Centre for Bioscience, Kannur University, Thalassery
Campus, Palayad, Kerala 670661, India
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Heger M, van Golen RF, Broekgaarden M, Michel MC. The molecular basis for the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin and its metabolites in relation to cancer. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 66:222-307. [PMID: 24368738 DOI: 10.1124/pr.110.004044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the oncopharmacological properties of curcumin at the molecular level. First, the interactions between curcumin and its molecular targets are addressed on the basis of curcumin's distinct chemical properties, which include H-bond donating and accepting capacity of the β-dicarbonyl moiety and the phenylic hydroxyl groups, H-bond accepting capacity of the methoxy ethers, multivalent metal and nonmetal cation binding properties, high partition coefficient, rotamerization around multiple C-C bonds, and the ability to act as a Michael acceptor. Next, the in vitro chemical stability of curcumin is elaborated in the context of its susceptibility to photochemical and chemical modification and degradation (e.g., alkaline hydrolysis). Specific modification and degradatory pathways are provided, which mainly entail radical-based intermediates, and the in vitro catabolites are identified. The implications of curcumin's (photo)chemical instability are addressed in light of pharmaceutical curcumin preparations, the use of curcumin analogues, and implementation of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and its most important degradation products are detailed in light of curcumin's poor bioavailability. Particular emphasis is placed on xenobiotic phase I and II metabolism as well as excretion of curcumin in the intestines (first pass), the liver (second pass), and other organs in addition to the pharmacokinetics of curcumin metabolites and their systemic clearance. Lastly, a summary is provided of the clinical pharmacodynamics of curcumin followed by a detailed account of curcumin's direct molecular targets, whereby the phenotypical/biological changes induced in cancer cells upon completion of the curcumin-triggered signaling cascade(s) are addressed in the framework of the hallmarks of cancer. The direct molecular targets include the ErbB family of receptors, protein kinase C, enzymes involved in prostaglandin synthesis, vitamin D receptor, and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Wallace SJ, Kee TW, Huang DM. Molecular Basis of Binding and Stability of Curcumin in Diamide-Linked γ-Cyclodextrin Dimers. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12375-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406125x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Wallace
- School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Tak W. Kee
- School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - David M. Huang
- School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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