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Abuhammad A, Albandak M, Ayyad M, Refayeh E, Qawasma B, Hour S, Abu Thraiee Y, Sowaity ZA, Dukmak O, Jobran AWM, Alamleh L. COVID-19 vaccine-associated vasculitis: A systematic review. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241261165. [PMID: 39224893 PMCID: PMC11367607 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241261165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Post-COVID-19 vaccine-associated vasculitis stands as one of the most serious side effects attributed to COVID-19 vaccines. This complication encompasses diverse manifestations which vary in presentation and severity. Moreover, it can impact patients across all age groups, with a notably elevated incidence in the elderly. This systematic review seeks to review and evaluate the spectrum of vasculitis manifestations linked to COVID-19 vaccination. Methods A systematic review of the literature was done by searching through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus up to October 2022. Articles including data about sex, age at diagnosis, vasculitis clinical manifestations, type of vaccination, most commonly used investigations, comorbid medical conditions, treatments, and clinical outcomes were included in the final analysis. Furthermore, vasculitis flare-ups post-vaccination were considered part of this review. Results A total number of 117 studies describing 158 patients developing vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination were included in the final analysis. Among the patients who developed vasculitis, the most administered type of vaccination was the mRNA vaccine subtype (n = 103), followed by the viral vector vaccines (n = 42) and inactivated viral vaccines (n = 10). On the other hand, about 38% of vasculitis-related symptoms occurred after the administration of the first dose of the vaccine and 37% occurred after taking the second dose. The skin (60.7%) and the kidneys (27.8%) were the most affected organs and complete remission was achieved in 111 patients (70%), while partial remission occurred in 11% of the patient population. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine-induced vasculitis is a rare occurrence associated with COVID-19 vaccines. It generally presents a favorable prognosis and outcomes for the vast majority of patients, ultimately leading to full remission within days. This review emphasizes the notion that the advantages of COVID-19 vaccines outweigh the potential risks, particularly for individuals with compromised immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Abuhammad
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Maram Albandak
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Mohammed Ayyad
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Eman Refayeh
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Basema Qawasma
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Shaima Hour
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Yazan Abu Thraiee
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Zaid A Sowaity
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | - Osama Dukmak
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
| | | | - Laith Alamleh
- Al-Quds University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, State of Palestine
- Hebron University, Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Hebron, West Bank, State of Palestine
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D’Amuri A, Greco S, Pagani M, Presciuttini B, Ciaffi J, Ursini F. Common Non-Rheumatic Medical Conditions Mimicking Fibromyalgia: A Simple Framework for Differential Diagnosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1758. [PMID: 39202246 PMCID: PMC11354086 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14161758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory disorder mainly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a constellation of other symptoms. For this reason, delineating a clear distinction between pure FM and FM-like picture attributable to other common diseases can be extremely challenging. Physicians must identify the most significant confounders in individual patients and implement an appropriate diagnostic workflow, carefully choosing a minimal (but sufficient) set of tests to be used for identifying the most plausible diseases in the specific case. This article discusses prevalent non-rheumatological conditions commonly observed in the general population that can manifest with clinical features similar to primary FM. Given their frequent inclusion in the differential diagnosis of FM patients, the focus will be on elucidating the distinctive clinical characteristics of each condition. Additionally, the most cost-effective and efficient diagnostic methodologies for accurately discerning these conditions will be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D’Amuri
- General Medicine Unit, Medical Department, ASST Mantova, Ospedale Carlo Poma, Str. Lago Paiolo 10, 46100 Mantova, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Salvatore Greco
- Internal Medicine Unit, Medical Department, Ospedale del Delta, Via Valle Oppio 2, Lagosanto, 44023 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Mauro Pagani
- General Medicine Unit, Medical Department, ASST Mantova, Ospedale Carlo Poma, Str. Lago Paiolo 10, 46100 Mantova, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Barbara Presciuttini
- General Medicine Unit, Medical Department, ASST Mantova, Ospedale Carlo Poma, Str. Lago Paiolo 10, 46100 Mantova, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Ursini
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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3
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Bandinelli F, Pagano M, Vallecoccia MS. Post-COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 Vaccine Arthritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Horton's Arteritis: A Single-Center Assessment of Clinical, Serological, Genetic, and Ultrasonographic Biomarkers. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7563. [PMID: 38137631 PMCID: PMC10743539 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of the COVID-19 vaccine and infection to induce autoimmunity is currently underestimated despite the literature emphasizing arthralgia as a common adverse event. We aimed to study the impact of rheumatological complications post-COVID-19 (PC) and post-COVID-19 vaccine (PCV), comparing undifferentiated arthritis (UA) to Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Horton's Arteritis (PMR-HA) and isolated arthritis to UA with "connective-like" accompanying symptoms. We retrospectively included 109 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up, analyzing serum biomarkers, joint ultrasound (US), lung HRCT, DLCO, and HLA haplotypes. There were 87 UA patients showing increased gastrointestinal and lung involvement (p = 0.021 and p = 0.012), higher anti-spike protein IgG levels (p = 0.003), and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity (p = 0.003). Among them, 66 cases progressed to ACR-EULAR 2010 early arthritis after 3 months, whereas PMR-HA patients were more commonly PCV (81.8%, p = 0.008), demonstrating higher CRP (p = 0.007) and ESR (p = 0.006) levels, a lower rate of ANA positivity (p = 0.005), and a higher remission rate after six months (p = 0.050). In UA patients, the prevalent HLA was DRB1*11 and C*07 (36.8% and 42.1%). Serum calprotectin, interleukin-6, and C*07 (p = 0.021, 0.041, 0.018) seemed more specific for isolated UA. Conversely, "connective-like" arthritis showed poorer DLCO (p = 0.041) and more frequent US synovitis (p = 0.041). In conclusion, UA is a frequent common PC and PCV complication and may persist over time when compared to PMR-HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bandinelli
- Rheumatology Department, Usl Tuscany Center, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 50143 Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Pagano
- National Research Council (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Maria Sole Vallecoccia
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, 50122 Florence, Italy;
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4
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Ursini F, Ruscitti P, Addimanda O, Foti R, Raimondo V, Murdaca G, Caira V, Pigatto E, Cuomo G, Lo Gullo A, Cavazzana I, Campochiaro C, Naclerio C, De Angelis R, Ciaffi J, Mancarella L, Brusi V, Marchetti E, Motta F, Visentini M, Lorusso S, De Santis M, De Luca G, Massaro L, Olivo D, Pellegrini R, Francioso F, Luppino J, Di Cola I, Foti R, Varcasia G, Caso F, Reta M, Dagna L, Selmi C, Iagnocco A, Giacomelli R, Iannone F, Ferri C. Inflammatory rheumatic diseases with onset after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination: a report of 267 cases from the COVID-19 and ASD group. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003022. [PMID: 37328292 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better define the spectrum of new-onset post-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 vaccine inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) from a large multicentric observational study. METHODS Consecutive cases of IRD encountered during a 12-month period and satisfying one of the following inclusion criteria: (a) onset of the rheumatic manifestations within 4 weeks from SARS-CoV-2 infection or (b) onset of the rheumatic manifestations within 4 weeks from the administration of one of the COVID-19 vaccines ws recruited. RESULTS The final analysis cohort comprised 267 patients, of which 122 (45.2%) in the post-COVID-19 and 145 (54.8%) in the postvaccine cohort. Distribution of IRD categories differed between the two cohorts: the post-COVID-19 cohort had a higher percentage of patients classified as having inflammatory joint diseases (IJD, 52.5% vs 37.2%, p=0.013) while the post-vaccine cohort had a higher prevalence of patients classified as polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR, 33.1% vs 21.3%, p=0.032). No differences were detected in the percentage of patients diagnosed with connective tissue diseases (CTD 19.7% vs 20.7%, p=0.837) or vasculitis (6.6% vs 9.0%, p=0.467). Despite the short follow-up period, IJD and PMR patients' response to first-line therapy was favourable, with both groups achieving a drop in baseline disease activity scores of ~30% and ~70% respectively. CONCLUSION Our article reports the largest cohort published to date of new-onset IRD following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccines. Although causality cannot be ascertained, the spectrum of possible clinical manifestations is broad and includes IJD, PMR, CTD and vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ursini
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Olga Addimanda
- UO Interaziendale Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Reumatologico, AUSL BO-IRCCS AOU BO, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosario Foti
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Raimondo
- Rheumatology Unit, Rheumatology Hospital 'Madonna dello Scoglio', Cotronei, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Virginia Caira
- UO Reumatologia, Ospedale di Castrovillari, Castrovillari, Italy
| | - Erika Pigatto
- Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, Ospedale Villa Salus, Mestre, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cuomo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Lo Gullo
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavazzana
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Corrado Campochiaro
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rossella De Angelis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Mancarella
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Brusi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Motta
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Visentini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Lorusso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research and Clinical Unit of Immunorheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Santis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Luca
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Massaro
- Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, ASP Cosenza, Scalea, Italy
| | - Domenico Olivo
- Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, ASP Crotone, Crotone, Italy
| | - Roberta Pellegrini
- UOC Medicina Interna 'M.Valentini', Presidio Ospedaliero 'Annunziata', Cosenza, Italy
| | - Francesca Francioso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jessica Luppino
- Rheumatology Unit, Rheumatology Hospital 'Madonna dello Scoglio', Cotronei, Italy
| | - Ilenia Di Cola
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Foti
- Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Caso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Reta
- UO Interaziendale Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Reumatologico, AUSL BO-IRCCS AOU BO, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Iagnocco
- Academic Rheumatology Centre, Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research and Clinical Unit of Immunorheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Clodoveo Ferri
- Rheumatology Unit, Rheumatology Hospital 'Madonna dello Scoglio', Cotronei, Italy
- Rheumatology Unit, Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Ciaffi J, Vanni E, Mancarella L, Brusi V, Lisi L, Pignatti F, Naldi S, Assirelli E, Neri S, Reta M, Faldini C, Ursini F. Post-Acute COVID-19 Joint Pain and New Onset of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111850. [PMID: 37296705 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As the number of reports of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations is rapidly rising, it is important to summarize the current available literature in order to shed light on this new and not fully understood phenomenon. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to provide an updated picture of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations of potential rheumatological interest, with a particular focus on joint pain, new onset of rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases and presence of autoantibodies related to inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. We included 54 original papers in our systematic review. The prevalence of arthralgia was found to range from 2% to 65% within a time frame varying from 4 weeks to 12 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inflammatory arthritis was also reported with various clinical phenotypes such as symmetrical polyarthritis with RA-like pattern similar to other prototypical viral arthritis, polymyalgia-like symptoms, or acute monoarthritis and oligoarthritis of large joints resembling reactive arthritis. Moreover, high figures of post-COVID-19 patients fulfilling the classification criteria for fibromyalgia were found, ranging from 31% to 40%. Finally, the available literature about prevalence of rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies was largely inconsistent. In conclusion, manifestations of rheumatological interest such as joint pain, new-onset inflammatory arthritis and fibromyalgia are frequently reported after COVID-19, highlighting the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 as a trigger for the development of autoimmune conditions and rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Vanni
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Mancarella
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Brusi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Lisi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Pignatti
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Naldi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Assirelli
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Neri
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Reta
- UO Interaziendale Medicina Interna ad Indirizzo Reumatologico (SC) AUSL BO-IRCCS AOU BO, 40133 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Ursini
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Gragnani L, Visentini M, Lorini S, Santini SA, Lauletta G, Mazzaro C, Urraro T, Quartuccio L, Cacciapaglia F, Ruscitti P, Tavoni A, Marri S, Cusano G, Petraccia L, Naclerio C, Treppo E, del Frate G, Di Cola I, Raimondo V, Scorpiniti D, Monti M, Puccetti L, Elia G, Fallahi P, Basili S, Scarpato S, Iannone F, Casato M, Antonelli A, Zignego AL, Ferri C. COVID-19 and Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Syndrome: Long-Term Survey Study on the Prevalence and Outcome, Vaccine Safety, and Immunogenicity. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:680-691. [PMID: 36795264 PMCID: PMC9933006 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome (MCs) is a rare immunoproliferative systemic disorder with cutaneous and multiple organ involvement. Our multicenter survey study aimed to investigate the prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 and the safety and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in a large MCs series. METHODS The survey included 430 unselected MCs patients (130 M, 300 F; mean age 70 ± 10.96 years) consecutively collected at 11 Italian referral centers. Disease classification, clinico-serological assessment, COVID-19 tests, and vaccination immunogenicity were carried out according to current methodologies. RESULTS A significantly higher prevalence of COVID-19 was found in MCs patients compared to Italian general population (11.9% vs 8.0%, p < 0.005), and the use of immunomodulators was associated to a higher risk to get infected (p = 0.0166). Moreover, higher mortality rate was recorded in MCs with COVID-19 compared to those without (p < 0.01). Patients' older age (≥ 60 years) correlated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. The 87% of patients underwent vaccination and 50% a booster dose. Of note, vaccine-related disease flares/worsening were significantly less frequent than those associated to COVID-19 (p = 0.0012). Impaired vaccination immunogenicity was observed in MCs patients compared to controls either after the first vaccination (p = 0.0039) and also after the booster dose (p = 0.05). Finally, some immunomodulators, namely, rituximab and glucocorticoids, hampered the vaccine-induced immunogenicity (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS The present survey revealed an increased prevalence and morbidity of COVID-19 in MCs patients, as well an impaired immunogenicity even after booster vaccination with high rate of no response. Therefore, MCs can be included among frail populations at high risk of infection and severe COVID-19 manifestations, suggesting the need of a close monitoring and specific preventive/therapeutical measures during the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gragnani
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcella Visentini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Lorini
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Angelo Santini
- Department of Basic, Clinical, Intensive and Perioperative Biotechnological Sciences, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy ,Synlab Lazio, Roma, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Lauletta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Cesare Mazzaro
- Clinical Experimental Onco-Haematology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Teresa Urraro
- Rheumatology Unit, “M. Scarlato” Hospital, Scafati (SA), Italy
| | - Luca Quartuccio
- Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medicine (DAME), ASUFC, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Cacciapaglia
- UO Reumatologia – Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological & Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Marri
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cusano
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Petraccia
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elena Treppo
- Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medicine (DAME), ASUFC, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia del Frate
- Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medicine (DAME), ASUFC, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Ilenia Di Cola
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological & Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Raimondo
- Rheumatology Clinic ‘Madonna dello Scoglio’ Cotronei, Crotone, Italy
| | | | - Monica Monti
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Giusy Elia
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Translational Research & New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Basili
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Florenzo Iannone
- UO Reumatologia – Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Milvia Casato
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology Center, Department of Experimental and clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Center for Research and Innovation CRIA-MASVE, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Clodoveo Ferri
- Rheumatology Clinic 'Madonna dello Scoglio' Cotronei, Crotone, Italy. .,Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, School of Medicine, Modena, Italy.
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7
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Immune-Mediated Diseases Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Report of a Teaching Hospital-Based Case-Series. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247484. [PMID: 36556100 PMCID: PMC9785620 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and course of immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) following COVID-19 vaccination has been little explored so far. We retrieved, among adult patients hospitalized at the Internal Department of a French university hospital up to May 2022, all those who had developed, or relapsed to, an IMD less than 3 weeks following COVID-19 vaccination, without other triggers. Twenty-seven (24 new-onset) post-COVID-19 vaccine IMDs were recorded. They comprised giant cell arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica (n = 16, HLA-DRB1*04 in 58% of 12 assessed GCA cases), immune-mediated necrotizing myositis or acute rhabdomyolysis, systemic vasculitis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, anti-synthetase syndrome, and adult-onset Still's disease. The causative vaccines were mRNA-based (20 cases) or viral vector-based (7 cases). The IMD typically occurred after the first vaccine dose, with an average delay of 8 (5 SD) days. The patients' mean age was 67 years, and 58% were women. The IMDs had protracted courses in all but three of the patients and typically required high-dose glucocorticoids, in combination with immunomodulators in 13 patients. One patient died of intractable rhabdomyolysis, whereas five suffered permanent damage from IMDs. Eleven patients with well-controlled IMDs completed their COVID-19 vaccination schedule, and two suffered mild IMD relapses. There is a risk of IMDs, notably GCA/PMR, and muscle disorders, following COVID-19 vaccination. Such adverse reactions typically occurred after the first dose, raising concern about subsequent COVID-19 vaccinations. However, early re-challenge in well-controlled IMDs appeared safe.
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Chen C, Chen C. New-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 26:267-277. [PMID: 36371629 PMCID: PMC9877737 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the clinical patterns of new-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination among patients without pre-existing rheumatic or autoimmune diseases. METHOD Case reports and series of new-onset inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination were collected before April 2022. Clinical characteristics including diagnosis, age, gender, vaccine types, time interval between events, joint involvement (poly- or oligo-/monoarthritis), and laboratory data reflecting inflammatory status were sorted and P values between these parameters are calculated with independent sample Student's t test or 2 × 2 Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Among 39 cases with new-onset post-vaccination arthritis including 25 females and 13 males (1 unknown), the most common diagnosis is adult-onset Still's disease (AoSD, 10 cases), and the most common vaccine types are BNT162b2 (16 cases) and AZD-1222 (or ChAdOx1-nCoV19, 15 cases). Sub-analysis reveals that post-vaccination polyarthritis is more common among females (P = .016, by 2 × 2 Fisher's exact test, compared with male patients) and older patients (P = .006, by Student's t test). The C-reactive protein level is significantly higher in cases with post-vaccination inflammatory polyarthritis than oligoarthritis (P = .029), as well as in cases with AoSD than other causes of post-vaccination arthritis (P = .004). However, serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with post-vaccination AoSD are independent of other clinical variables in the analysis. CONCLUSION New-onset post-vaccination polyarthritis are more common in females and older patients. Although COVID-19 vaccines may lead to inflammatory arthritis, the benefits of vaccination substantially outweigh the potential risks of such serious adverse effects due to their rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Che Chen
- College of Chinese MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung CityTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Jen Chen
- Division of AllergyImmunology and Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung‐Ho Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan,Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Chung‐Ho Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
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