1
|
Zhang M, Lei J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu D. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Benincasae Exocarpium: A review. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023; 15:15-26. [PMID: 36875430 PMCID: PMC9975641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benincasae Exocarpium (BE, Dongguapi in Chinese), as the dried outer pericarp of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) in Cucurbitaceae family, is one of traditional Chinese medicines with the same origin as medicine and food. Up to now, 43 compounds were isolated from BE, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, soluble fiber and carbohydrates. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice showed that BE has diuretic, hypolipidemic effects, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and other effects. The folk uses, functional factors, pharmacological activities, patents and clinical applications of BE were reviewed in this paper. In addition, the paper also discussed the current problems for the further studies. The information summarized in this paper provides valuable clues for the comprehensive utilization of medicine and food resources and gives a scientific basis for the development of medicinal plants of BE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jialong Lei
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yansheng Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Dailin Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie L, Wang J, Liu F, Zhou H, Chen Y, Pan L, Xiao W, Luo Y, Mi B, Sun X, Xiong C. Integrated analysis of multi-omics and fine-mapping reveals a candidate gene regulating pericarp color and flavonoids accumulation in wax gourd ( Benincasa hispida). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1019787. [PMID: 36226283 PMCID: PMC9549291 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1019787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Wax gourd (Benincasa hispida), a popular fruit of the Cucurbitaceae (cucurbits) family, contains many nutrients with health benefits and is widely grown in China and other tropical areas. In this study, a wax gourd mutant hfc12 with light-color pericarp was obtained through ethane methylsulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome identified 31 differentially accumulated flavonoids (DAFs; flavonoids or flavonoid glycosides) and 828 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the hfc12 mutant and wild-type 'BWT'. Furthermore, BSA-seq and kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) analysis suggested that the light-color pericarp and higher flavonoid content was controlled by a single gene BhiPRR6 (Bhi12M000742), a typical two-component system (TCS) pseudo-response regulator (PRR). Genetic analysis detected only one nonsynonymous mutation (C-T) in the second exon region of the BhiPRR6. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified the downstream target genes of BhiPRR6, probably regulated by light and were intermediated in the regulatory enzyme reaction of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Thus, these results speculated that the transcription factor BhiPRR6, interacting with multiple genes, regulates the absorption of light signals and thereby changes the pericarp color and synthesis of flavonoids in wax gourd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xie
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Huoqiang Zhou
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Luzhao Pan
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Luo
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Baobin Mi
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowu Sun
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hashim SBH, Elrasheid Tahir H, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhai X, Ali Mahdi A, Nureldin Awad F, Hassan MM, Xiaobo Z, Jiyong S. Intelligent colorimetric pH sensoring packaging films based on sugarcane wax/agar integrated with butterfly pea flower extract for optical tracking of shrimp freshness. Food Chem 2022; 373:131514. [PMID: 34802808 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel pH colorimetric film was prepared from various sugarcane wax (SW) concentrations (1, 1.5 and 2% w/v) on agar matrix (Agr) combined with butterfly pea flower (BF) extract for monitoring the shrimp freshness. A combination of BF anthocyanins with SW as lipid (hydrophobic) showed different changes in color under acidic conditions (pH 2-6) with slight changes under alkalinity (pH 7-12), which matched the visual color changes of two different ammonia vapors (50 and 100 mmol/l). FTIR, XRD spectra, and SEM micrographs revealed that SW was effectively fixed into the Agr-BF network during the film-forming process. The different homogenized SW films enhanced the physical and mechanical properties without significant differences in elongation and water vapor permeability. Remarkably, SW films displayed complete protection against UV-vis light (0%) and valuable reduction in visible light. This study presents SW colorimetric films as promising natural derivatives for smart packaging in tracking food freshness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulafa B H Hashim
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Fish Sciences, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Haroon Elrasheid Tahir
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Amer Ali Mahdi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Mahmoud M Hassan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Fish Sciences, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Zou Xiaobo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shi Jiyong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gade SR, Meghwal M, Prabhakar PK. Engineering properties of dried ash gourd (
Benincasa hispida
Cogn) seeds: Mass modeling and its analysis. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghmitra R. Gade
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli, Sonepat India
| | - Murlidhar Meghwal
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli, Sonepat India
| | - Pramod K. Prabhakar
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli, Sonepat India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Adams MJ, Zhang Z, Vidoni O, Leuenberger BH, Achkar J. Plasticisation of carnauba wax with generally recognised as safe (GRAS) additives. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
6
|
Li J, Guo Y, Li Z, Lin Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Deng H. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Hexane Extraction of Wax from Apple Peel Pomace: Content, Composition and Thermal Properties. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1020951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
7
|
Escamilla-García M, Calderón-Domínguez G, Chanona-Pérez J, Farrera-Rebollo R, Andraca-Adame J, Arzate-Vázquez I, Mendez-Mendez J, Moreno-Ruiz L. Physical and structural characterisation of zein and chitosan edible films using nanotechnology tools. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:196-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Gu M, Fan S, Liu G, Guo L, Ding X, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Ji G, Huang C. Extract of Wax Gourd Peel Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in C57BL/6 Mice via the Inhibition of the PPARγ Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:342561. [PMID: 23533476 PMCID: PMC3596909 DOI: 10.1155/2013/342561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Wax gourd is a popular vegetable in East Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, wax gourd peel is used to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is no experimental evidence to support these applications. Here, we examined the effect of the extract of wax gourd peel (EWGP) on metabolic disorders in diet-induced C57BL/6 obese mice. In the preventive experiment, EWGP blocked body weight gain and lowered serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), liver TG and TC contents, and fasting blood glucose in mice fed with a high-fat diet. In the therapeutic study, we induced obesity in the mice and treated with EWGP for two weeks. We found that EWGP treatment reduced serum and liver triglyceride (TG) contents and fasting blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance in the mice. Reporter assay and gene expression analysis showed that EWGP could inhibit peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ ) transactivities and could decrease mRNA levels of PPAR γ and its target genes. We also found that HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) was downregulated in the mouse liver by EWGP. Our data suggest that EWGP lowers hyperlipidemia of C57BL/6 mice induced by high-fat diet via the inhibition of PPAR γ and HMGCR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengjie Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gaigai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaobo Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|