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Davis MJ, Woo I, De La Cruz SEW, Ellings CS, Hodgson S, Nakai G. Allochthonous marsh subsidies enhances food web productivity in an estuary and its surrounding ecosystem mosaic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296836. [PMID: 38421974 PMCID: PMC10903911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial organic matter is believed to play an important role in promoting resilient estuarine food webs, but the inherent interconnectivity of estuarine systems often obscures the origins and importance of these terrestrial inputs. To determine the relative contributions of terrestrial (allochthonous) and aquatic (autochthonous) organic matter to the estuarine food web, we analyzed carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotopes from multiple trophic levels, environmental strata, and habitats throughout the estuarine habitat mosaic. We used a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model (SIMM) to parse out relationships among primary producers, invertebrates, and a pelagic and demersal fish species (juvenile Chinook salmon and sculpin, respectively). The study was carried out in the Nisqually River Delta (NRD), Washington, USA, a recently-restored, macrotidal estuary with a diverse habitat mosaic. Plant groupings of macroalgae, eelgrass, and tidal marsh plants served as the primary base components of the NRD food web. About 90% of demersal sculpin diets were comprised of benthic and pelagic crustaceans that were fed by autochthonous organic matter contributions from aquatic vegetation. Juvenile salmon, on the other hand, derived their energy from a mix of terrestrial, pelagic, and benthic prey, including insects, dipterans, and crustaceans. Consequently, allochthonous terrestrial contributions of organic matter were much greater for salmon, ranging between 26 and 43%. These findings demonstrate how connectivity among estuarine habitat types and environmental strata facilitates organic matter subsidies. This suggests that management actions that improve or restore lateral habitat connectivity as well as terrestrial-aquatic linkages may enhance allochthonous subsidies, promoting increased prey resources and ecosystem benefits in estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J. Davis
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Olympia Substation, Olympia, Washington, United States of America
| | - Isa Woo
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station, Moffett Field, California, United States of America
| | - Susan E. W. De La Cruz
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station, Moffett Field, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher S. Ellings
- Nisqually Indian Tribe, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sayre Hodgson
- Nisqually Indian Tribe, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington, United States of America
| | - Glynnis Nakai
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Billy Frank Jr. Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, Washington, United States of America
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Corline NJ, Bellido-Leiva F, Alarcon A, Dahlgren R, Van Nieuwenhuyse EE, Beakes M, Lusardi RA. Reservoir-derived subsidies provide a potential management opportunity for novel river ecosystems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118852. [PMID: 37647732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems world-wide are being irreversibly altered, suggesting that new and innovative management strategies are necessary to improve ecosystem function and sustainability. In river ecosystems degraded by dams environmental flows and selective withdrawal (SWD) infrastructure have been used to improve habitat for native species. Yet, few studies have quantified nutrient and food web export subsidies from upstream reservoirs, despite their potential to subsidize downstream riverine food webs. We sampled nutrient, phytoplankton, and zooplankton concentrations in outflows from the Shasta-Keswick reservoir complex in Northern California over a 12-month period to understand how SWD operation and internal reservoir conditions interact to influence subsidies to the Sacramento River. We found that nutrients, phytoplankton, and zooplankton were continuously exported from Shasta Reservoir to the Sacramento River and that gate operations at Shasta Dam were important in controlling exports. Further, our results indicate that gate operations and water-export depth strongly correlated with zooplankton community exports, whereas internal reservoir conditions (mixing and residence time) controlled concentrations of exported zooplankton biomass and chlorophyll a. These results demonstrate that reservoirs can be an important source of nutrient and food web subsidies and that selective withdrawal infrastructure may provide a valuable management tool to control ecosystem-level productivity downstream of dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Corline
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA; Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Francisco Bellido-Leiva
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Adriana Alarcon
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Randy Dahlgren
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Michael Beakes
- U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Bay Delta Office, Sacramento, CA, 95814, USA
| | - Robert A Lusardi
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Wildlife, Fish, And Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, USA
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3
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Jiménez-Seinos JL, Alcocer J, Planas D. Food web differences between two neighboring tropical high mountain lakes and the influence of introducing a new top predator. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287066. [PMID: 37310987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High mountain lakes (HMLs) are considered unique and comparable ecosystems for monitoring global climate change. The food web structure can indicate the response of these ecosystems to ecological threats, such as fish introduction, by analyzing the trophic dynamics. Nonetheless, the food webs of tropical HMLs are less well-studied than temperate HMLs. The present study assessed the food webs of two neighboring (600 m apart) tropical HMLs, El Sol and La Luna, inside the crater of the Nevado de Toluca volcano, Mexico. It used stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and Bayesian mixing models with different trophic discrimination factors and priors to assess the impacts of introduced rainbow trout, persisting only in the larger lake, El Sol. The food web in Lake El Sol was more complex than in Lake La Luna, mainly due to its larger size, extensive vegetated littoral zone, and being fueled by autochthonous primary production. In contrast, the smaller and fishless Lake La Luna has a reduced and bare littoral zone that harbored a simple food web substantially sustained by allochthonous carbon inputs. The persistence of introduced rainbow trout in Lake El Sol but not in Lake La Luna accentuated the differences between the lakes. The models suggested that rainbow trout fed on key consumers of littoral macroinvertebrates (70-80%) and pelagic zooplankton (20-30%), increasing the linkage between sub-networks. In both tropical HMLs, the species richness and herbivorous fraction were elevated compared with temperate HMLs, while the linkage density and omnivorous fraction were lower. Basal nodes dominated these tropical HMLs, and the vegetated littoral zone of Lake El Sol had more intermediate (omnivore) nodes. Our results showed the convenience of food web analysis to compare the effects of introduced fish in originally fishless lakes in different latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Jiménez-Seinos
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Javier Alcocer
- Grupo de Investigación en Limnología Tropical, FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Dolors Planas
- Centre de Recherche en Géochimie et Géodynamique GEOTOP, Montreal, Canada
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Swinton MW, Myer PK, Schaller MF, Pettitt EA, Farrell JL, Nierzwicki-Bauer SA. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes explain methylmercury concentrations in stream food webs of Lake George, New York (USA). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:808-821. [PMID: 35482143 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mercury has been studied extensively in lakes due to health risks associated with the consumption of contaminated fish, while stream ecosystems have received less attention. To better understand mercury bioavailability in the lower food web of streams, we collected macroinvertebrates (predators and detritivore) along with autochthonous (epilithic algae) and allochthonous (leaf litter) basal resources in eight streams entering Lake George. Samples were analyzed for methylmercury (MeHg), total mercury, and carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C & δ15N) to determine how mercury concentrations in basal resources, biomagnification rates, and environmental factors (watershed characteristics and water chemistry) effected MeHg concentrations in predatory macroinvertebrates. While biomagnification rates, calculated as trophic magnification slope, explained between 68% and 98% of MeHg variability within a stream food web, the range was small (0.310-0.387) resulting in the biotic components following a consistent pattern of increasing MeHg among streams. The stream order was negatively related to basin slope for all biotic components and explained 70% of MeHg variability in predatory macroinvertebrates. Methylmercury concentrations were significantly and negatively related to δ13C in predators, epilithic algae, and leaf litter. We believe the biofilms on leaf litter utilized bacterial-respired carbon dioxide decreasing δ13C (<-28‰) and increasing MeHg while epilithic algal δ13C increased due to enhanced primary production resulting in biodilution of MeHg. Methylmercury in basal resources responded to δ13C similarly but through different processes. Our findings show shallow slopes elevate MeHg in basal resources and explain most of the predator MeHg variation among streams with little influence of biomagnification rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Swinton
- Darrin Fresh Water Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 5060 Lake Shore Drive, Bolton Landing, NY, 12814, USA.
| | - P K Myer
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - M F Schaller
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - E A Pettitt
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - J L Farrell
- Darrin Fresh Water Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 5060 Lake Shore Drive, Bolton Landing, NY, 12814, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - S A Nierzwicki-Bauer
- Darrin Fresh Water Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 5060 Lake Shore Drive, Bolton Landing, NY, 12814, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
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5
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Mini-review of process-based food web models and their application in aquatic-terrestrial meta-ecosystems. Ecol Modell 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Investigating the trophic ecology of freshwater fish communities from central and eastern Indian streams using stable isotope analysis. COMMUNITY ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-021-00049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Trophic niches of native and nonnative fishes along a river-reservoir continuum. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12140. [PMID: 34108584 PMCID: PMC8190098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Instream barriers can constrain dispersal of nonnative fishes, creating opportunities to test their impact on native communities above and below these barriers. Deposition of sediments in a river inflow to Lake Powell, USA resulted in creation of a large waterfall prohibiting upstream movement of fishes from the reservoir allowing us to evaluate the trophic niche of fishes above and below this barrier. We expected niche overlap among native and nonnative species would increase in local assemblages downstream of the barrier where nonnative fish diversity and abundance were higher. Fishes upstream of the barrier had more distinct isotopic niches and species exhibited a wider range in δ15N relative to downstream. In the reservoir, species were more constrained in δ15N and differed more in δ13C, representing a shorter, wider food web. Differences in energetic pathways and resource availability among habitats likely contributed to differences in isotopic niches. Endangered Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) aggregate at some reservoir inflows in the Colorado River basin, and this is where we found the highest niche overlap among species. Whether isotopic niche overlap among adult native and nonnative species has negative consequences is unclear, because data on resource availability and use are lacking; however, these observations do indicate the potential for competition. Still, the impacts of diet overlap among trophic generalists, such as Razorback Sucker, are likely low, particularly in habitats with diverse and abundant food bases such as river-reservoir inflows.
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Wang S, Su LH, Luo BK, Qin YJ, Stewart SD, Tang JP, Wang TT, Yang Y, Cheng G. Stable isotopes reveal effects of natural drivers and anthropogenic pressures on isotopic niches of invertebrate communities in a large subtropical river of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36132-36146. [PMID: 32557028 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Isotopic niches reflect the basic structure and functioning of river food webs; however, their response to riverine environments remains unclear. We used stable isotope analysis and community-wide metrics to quantify how invertebrate niches vary with environmental changes along a large subtropical river in China. Eight niche metrics, which had higher values in the wet than in the dry season, increased from headwaters to the middle river and decreased sharply near the estuarine industrial zones. The δ13C value of > - 23.8‰, which indicated consumption of epilithic diatoms, separated the invertebrates between the upper and mid-lower reaches. The δ15N values > 9.4‰ identified site-specific nitrogen sources from manure (e.g., animal effluent) and domestic sewage in agricultural area. The output of mixing models showed a downstream shift in carbon utilization by invertebrates from autochthonous periphyton and submerged hydrophytes to allochthonous C3 plants. Principle component (PC) and cluster analysis decomposed and grouped 40 environmental variables into 4 PCs that explained 84.5% of the total variance. Hierarchical partitioning revealed that the second and first PCs, which were driven mainly by biological indicators and habitat characteristics, had the highest explanatory power for niche ranges and areas (e.g., Bayesian ellipse), respectively. Our results suggest that reducing anthropogenic pressures (e.g., habitat loss and water pollution) on river ecosystems through measures, such as protecting diatom-dominated biofilms in riffles and controlling nitrogen loading in rural regions, may produce the greatest impact for river management. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lin-Hui Su
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bang-Ke Luo
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying-Jun Qin
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | | | - Jin-Peng Tang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tuan-Tuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Gong Cheng
- Environmental Engineering Center, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, 518001, China.
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Wilkinson CL, Chua KWJ, Fiala R, Liew JH, Kemp V, Hadi Fikri A, Ewers RM, Kratina P, Yeo DCJ. Forest conversion to oil palm compresses food chain length in tropical streams. Ecology 2020; 102:e03199. [PMID: 32969053 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In Southeast Asia, biodiversity-rich forests are being extensively logged and converted to oil palm monocultures. Although the impacts of these changes on biodiversity are largely well documented, we know addition to samples we collected in 201 little about how these large-scale impacts affect freshwater trophic ecology. We used stable isotope analyses (SIA) to determine the impacts of land-use changes on the relative contribution of allochthonous and autochthonous basal resources in 19 stream food webs. We also applied compound-specific SIA and bulk-SIA to determine the trophic position of fish apex predators and meso-predators (invertivores and omnivores). There was no difference in the contribution of autochthonous resources in either consumer group (70-82%) among streams with different land-use type. There was no change in trophic position for meso-predators, but trophic position decreased significantly for apex predators in oil palm plantation streams compared to forest streams. This change in maximum food chain length was due to turnover in identity of the apex predator among land-use types. Disruption of aquatic trophic ecology, through reduction in food chain length and shift in basal resources, may cause significant changes in biodiversity as well as ecosystem functions and services. Understanding this change can help develop more focused priorities for mediating the negative impacts of human activities on freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Wilkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Kenny W J Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Roswitha Fiala
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Jia H Liew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victoria Kemp
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Arman Hadi Fikri
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Malaysia
| | - Robert M Ewers
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London-Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University London, London, E1 4DQ, UK
| | - Darren C J Yeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore, 117377, Singapore
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Origin of Carbon and Essential Fatty Acids in Higher Trophic Level Fish in Headwater Stream Food Webs. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090487. [PMID: 31540333 PMCID: PMC6770133 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary carbon sources in headwater stream food webs are divided into allochthonous and autochthonous organic matters. We hypothesized that: 1) the dietary allochthonous contribution for fish in headwater stream food webs positively relate with canopy cover; and 2) essential fatty acids originate from autochthonous organic matter regardless of canopy covers, because essential fatty acids, such as 20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3, are normally absent in allochthonous organic matters. We investigated predatory fish Salvelinus leucomaenis stomach contents in four headwater stream systems, which are located in subarctic region in northern Japan. In addition, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios, fatty acid profile, and stable carbon isotope ratios of essential fatty acids were analyzed. Bulk stable carbon analysis showed the major contribution of autochthonous sources to assimilated carbon in S. leucomaenis. Surface baits in the stomach had intermediate stable carbon isotope ratios between autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter, indicating aquatic carbon was partly assimilated by surface baits. Stable carbon isotope ratios of essential fatty acids showed a positive relationship between autochthonous sources and S. leucomaenis across four study sites. This study demonstrated that the main supplier of dietary carbon and essential fatty acids was autochthonous organic matter even in headwater stream ecosystems under high canopy cover.
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Janssen ABG, van Wijk D, van Gerven LPA, Bakker ES, Brederveld RJ, DeAngelis DL, Janse JH, Mooij WM. Success of lake restoration depends on spatial aspects of nutrient loading and hydrology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 679:248-259. [PMID: 31082598 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many aquatic ecosystems have deteriorated due to human activities and their restoration is often troublesome. It is proposed here that the restoration success of deteriorated lakes critically depends on hitherto largely neglected spatial heterogeneity in nutrient loading and hydrology. A modelling approach is used to study this hypothesis by considering four lake types with contrasting nutrient loading (point versus diffuse) and hydrology (seepage versus drainage). By comparing the longterm effect of common restoration measures (nutrient load reduction, lake flushing or biomanipulation) in these four lake types, we found that restoration through reduction of nutrient loading is effective in all cases. In contrast, biomanipulation only works in seepage lakes with diffuse nutrient inputs, while lake flushing will even be counterproductive in lakes with nutrient point sources. The main conclusion of the presented analysis is that a priori assessment of spatial heterogeneity caused by nutrient loading and hydrology is essential for successful restoration of lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette B G Janssen
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Dianneke van Wijk
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk P A van Gerven
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Sustainable Soil Management, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth S Bakker
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J Brederveld
- Witteveen+Bos, Consulting Engineers, Ecology Group, PO Box 233, 7400, AE, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan H Janse
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, P.O. Box 30314, 2500, GH, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - Wolf M Mooij
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700, AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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12
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Tao J, Kennard MJ, Jia Y, Chen Y. Climate-driven synchrony in growth-increment chronologies of fish from the world's largest high-elevation river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:339-346. [PMID: 30029113 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how sensitive aquatic ecosystems respond to climate change is essential for effective biodiversity conservation and management. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is one of the most globally sensitive areas to climate change with potentially serious implications for resident fish populations and aquatic food webs. However, how the growth of TP fish responds to climate change, and how this response varies with the trophic level of different species remain unknown. We established growth-increment chronologies of two important Schizothoracinae fishes that are endemic to the TP (e.g., the omnivorous Schizopygopsis younghusbandi and the carnivorous Oxygymnocypris stewartii) from the Yarlung Tsangpo River, using otolith increment width measurements and dendrochronological methods. These growth chronologies were correlated with key indicators of environmental variation (temperature, precipitation, and river discharge) to examine the potential effects of climate change. The two chronologies displayed synchronous responses to recent climate change. In this glacial-fed river, the growth of both fish species was significantly and negatively correlated with the mean annual air temperature, while it was positively but not significantly correlated with precipitation and discharge. The higher trophic level species O. stewartii was more sensitive to climate than was the lower trophic level species S. younghusbandi, with temperature variables explaining a higher proportion of growth variability in O. stewartii (64.6%) than in S. younghusbandi (46.4%). The results collectively indicate that both species are highly sensitive to climate change, which may affect fish growth by altering water environment, fish physiological fitness and food availability. This study provides further empirical evidence of the utility of growth-increment chronologies for investigating the effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems across different basins and water body types of the TP. These findings can inform conservation and management actions related to addressing climate change on the TP and other high-elevation temperate systems found worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Mark J Kennard
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Yintao Jia
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Choi HJ, Jeong TY, Yoon H, Oh BY, Han YS, Hur MJ, Kang S, Kim JG. Comparative microbial communities in tidal flats sediment on Incheon, South Korea. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2018; 64:232-239. [PMID: 30033973 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems, play critical ecological roles of which tidal flats are a significant component of coastal wetlands, such as habitat and nutrient cycling in aquatic biology. Microbial communities in tidal flats are known to play vital roles of self-purification. And the microbial ecology of the sediment is easily affected by human activities and pollution. In this paper, we applied pyrosequencing technology to investigate microbial communities in three different tidal flats (Ganghwa Island, Ongnyeon land region and Yeongjong Island) on the Incheon, Korea peninsula. A total of 16,906 sequences were obtained. We used these sequences to identify the dominant phyla in the three tidal flats: Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The composition of the bacterial community of Ganghwa Island and the Ongnyeon region were more similar to each other than they were to the bacterial community of Yeongjong Island. Simpson's dominance index of Yeongjong Island was higher than that of the other regions, and the Shannon diversity index of this region was the lowest. Previous research of samples in these regions indicated that the three tidal flats had similar geochemical characteristics. However, their bacterial communities were rather distinct. This might be because the analysis of microbial communities and physiochemical analysis have different perspectives. Therefore, the pyrosequencing of a bacterial community with physiochemical analysis is recommended as an effective monitoring tool for the comprehensive management of tidal flats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Choi
- Incheon Institute of Health & Environment.,Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University
| | | | | | | | | | - Jong-Guk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University
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Haynert K, Kiggen M, Klarner B, Maraun M, Scheu S. The structure of salt marsh soil mesofauna food webs - The prevalence of disturbance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189645. [PMID: 29240806 PMCID: PMC5730192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesofauna taxa fill key trophic positions in soil food webs, even in terrestrial-marine boundary habitats characterized by frequent natural disturbances. Salt marshes represent such boundary habitats, characterized by frequent inundations increasing from the terrestrial upper to the marine pioneer zone. Despite the high abundance of soil mesofauna in salt marshes and their important function by facilitating energy and carbon flows, the structure, trophic ecology and habitat-related diet shifts of mesofauna species in natural salt marsh habitats is virtually unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of natural disturbance (inundation frequency) on community structure, food web complexity and resource use of soil mesofauna using stable isotope analysis (15N, 13C) in three salt marsh zones. In this intertidal habitat, the pioneer zone is exposed to inundations twice a day, but lower and upper salt marshes are less frequently inundated based on shore height. The mesofauna comprised 86 species / taxa dominated by Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata. Shifts in environmental disturbances influenced the structure of food webs, diversity and density declined strongly from the land to the sea pointing to the importance of increasing levels of inundation frequency. Accordingly, the reduced diversity and density was associated by a simplification of the food web in the pioneer zone as compared to the less inundated lower and upper salt marsh with a higher number of trophic levels. Strong variations in δ15N signatures demonstrated that mesofauna species are feeding at multiple trophic levels. Primary decomposers were low and most mesofauna species functioned as secondary decomposers or predators including second order predators or scavengers. The results document that major decomposer taxa, such as Collembola and Oribatida, are more diverse than previously assumed and predominantly dwell on autochthonous resources of the respective salt marsh zone. The results further suggest that Mesostigmata mostly adopt an intraguild predation lifestyle. The high trophic position of a large number of predators suggests that intraguild predation is of significant importance in salt marsh food webs. Presumably, intraguild predation contributes to stabilizing the salt marsh food web against disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Haynert
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirijam Kiggen
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Klarner
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mark Maraun
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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15
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Stream Resource Gradients Drive Consumption Rates of Supplemental Prey in the Adjacent Riparian Zone. Ecosystems 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-017-0183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Larsen S, Muehlbauer JD, Marti E. Resource subsidies between stream and terrestrial ecosystems under global change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2489-2504. [PMID: 26649817 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Streams and adjacent terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by permeable boundaries that are crossed by resource subsidies. Although the importance of these subsidies for riverine ecosystems is increasingly recognized, little is known about how they may be influenced by global environmental change. Drawing from available evidence, in this review we propose a conceptual framework to evaluate the effects of global change on the quality and spatiotemporal dynamics of stream-terrestrial subsidies. We illustrate how changes to hydrological and temperature regimes, atmospheric CO2 concentration, land use and the distribution of nonindigenous species can influence subsidy fluxes by affecting the biology and ecology of donor and recipient systems and the physical characteristics of stream-riparian boundaries. Climate-driven changes in the physiology and phenology of organisms with complex life cycles will influence their development time, body size and emergence patterns, with consequences for adjacent terrestrial consumers. Also, novel species interactions can modify subsidy dynamics via complex bottom-up and top-down effects. Given the seasonality and pulsed nature of subsidies, alterations of the temporal and spatial synchrony of resource availability to consumers across ecosystems are likely to result in ecological mismatches that can scale up from individual responses, to communities, to ecosystems. Similarly, altered hydrology, temperature, CO2 concentration and land use will modify the recruitment and quality of riparian vegetation, the timing of leaf abscission and the establishment of invasive riparian species. Along with morphological changes to stream-terrestrial boundaries, these will alter the use and fluxes of allochthonous subsidies associated with stream ecosystems. Future research should aim to understand how subsidy dynamics will be affected by key drivers of global change, including agricultural intensification, increasing water use and biotic homogenization. Our conceptual framework based on the match-mismatch between donor and recipient organisms may facilitate understanding of the multiple effects of global change and aid in the development of future research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Larsen
- Synthesis Centre (sDiv) of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeffrey D Muehlbauer
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Eugenia Marti
- Biogeodynamics and Biodiversity Group, Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
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17
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Holgerson MA, Post DM, Skelly DK. Reconciling the role of terrestrial leaves in pond food webs: a whole‐ecosystem experiment. Ecology 2016; 97:1771-1782. [DOI: 10.1890/15-1848.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A. Holgerson
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University 370 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
| | - David M. Post
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
| | - David K. Skelly
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University 370 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA
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18
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Su Y, Chen F, Liu Z. Comparison of optical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in alpine lakes above or below the tree line: insights into sources of CDOM. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 14:1047-62. [PMID: 25694220 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigated absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in 15 alpine lakes located below or above the tree line to determine its source and composition. The results indicate that the concentrations of CDOM in below-tree-line lakes are significantly higher than in above-tree-line lakes, as evidenced from the absorption coefficients of a250 and a365. The intensities of the protein-like and humic-like fluorescence in below-tree-line lakes are higher than in above-tree-line lakes as well. Three fluorescent components were identified using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) modelling. Component 1 is probably associated with biological degradation of terrestrial humic component. The terrestrial humic-like component 2 is only found in below-tree-line lakes. The protein-like or phenolic component 3 is dominant in above-tree-line lakes, which is probably more derived from autochthonous origin. In this study, (1) higher a250/a365 and S275-295 values indicate smaller molecular weights of CDOM in above-tree-line lakes than in below-tree-line lakes, and smaller molecular weights at the surface than at 2.0 m depth; (2) SUVA254 and FI255 results provide evidence of lower percent aromaticity of CDOM in above-tree-line lakes; and (3) FI310 and FI370 suggest a strong allochthonous origin at the surface in below-tree-line lakes, and more contribution from autochthonous biological and aquatic bacterial origin in above-tree-line lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Su
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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19
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Azevedo LB, van Zelm R, Leuven RSEW, Hendriks AJ, Huijbregts MAJ. Combined ecological risks of nitrogen and phosphorus in European freshwaters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:85-92. [PMID: 25700335 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is a key water quality issue triggered by increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels and potentially posing risks to freshwater biota. We predicted the probability that an invertebrate species within a community assemblage becomes absent due to nutrient stress as the ecological risk (ER) for European lakes and streams subjected to N and P pollution from 1985 to 2011. The ER was calculated as a function of species-specific tolerances to NO3(-) and total P concentrations and water quality monitoring data. Lake and stream ER averaged 50% in the last monitored year (i.e. 2011) and we observed a decrease by 22% and 38% in lake and stream ER (respectively) of river basins since 1985. Additionally, the ER from N stress surpassed that of P in both freshwater systems. The ER can be applied to identify river basins most subjected to eutrophication risks and the main drivers of impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia B Azevedo
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Ecosystem Services and Management Program, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
| | - Rosalie van Zelm
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob S E W Leuven
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Lyu X, Yu J, Zhou M, Ma B, Wang G, Zhan C, Han G, Guan B, Wu H, Li Y, Wang D. Changes of soil particle size distribution in tidal flats in the Yellow River Delta. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121368. [PMID: 25816240 PMCID: PMC4376945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tidal flat is one of the important components of coastal wetland systems in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). It can stabilize shorelines and protect coastal biodiversity. The erosion risk in tidal flats in coastal wetlands was seldom been studied. Characterizing changes of soil particle size distribution (PSD) is an important way to quantity soil erosion in tidal flats. Method/Principal findings Based on the fractal scale theory and network analysis, we determined the fractal characterizations (singular fractal dimension and multifractal dimension) soil PSD in a successional series of tidal flats in a coastal wetland in the YRD in eastern China. The results showed that the major soil texture was from silt loam to sandy loam. The values of fractal dimensions, ranging from 2.35 to 2.55, decreased from the low tidal flat to the high tidal flat. We also found that the percent of particles with size ranging between 0.4 and 126 μm was related with fractal dimensions. Tide played a great effort on soil PSD than vegetation by increasing soil organic matter (SOM) content and salinity in the coastal wetland in the YRD. Conclusions/Significance Tidal flats in coastal wetlands in the YRD, especially low tidal flats, are facing the risk of soil erosion. This study will be essential to provide a firm basis for the coast erosion control and assessment, as well as wetland ecosystem restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Junbao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Mo Zhou
- Environment College, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guangmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Guan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yunzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - De Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, China
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21
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Terrestrial contributions to the aquatic food web in the middle Yangtze River. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102473. [PMID: 25047656 PMCID: PMC4105416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the carbon sources supporting aquatic consumers in large rivers is essential for the protection of ecological integrity and for wildlife management. The relative importance of terrestrial and algal carbon to the aquatic food webs is still under intensive debate. The Yangtze River is the largest river in China and the third longest river in the world. The completion of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) in 2003 has significantly altered the hydrological regime of the middle Yangtze River, but its immediate impact on carbon sources supporting the river food web is unknown. In this study, potential production sources from riparian and the main river channel, and selected aquatic consumers (invertebrates and fish) at an upstream constricted-channel site (Luoqi), a midstream estuarine site (Huanghua) and a near dam limnetic site (Maoping) of the TGD were collected for stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) and IsoSource analyses. Model estimates indicated that terrestrial plants were the dominant carbon sources supporting the consumer taxa at the three study sites. Algal production appeared to play a supplemental role in supporting consumer production. The contribution from C4 plants was more important than that of C3 plants at the upstream site while C3 plants were the more important carbon source to the consumers at the two impacted sites (Huanghua and Maoping), particularly at the midstream site. There was no trend of increase in the contribution of autochthonous production from the upstream to the downstream sites as the flow rate decreased dramatically along the main river channel due to the construction of TGD. Our findings, along with recent studies in rivers and lakes, are contradictory to studies that demonstrate the importance of algal carbon in the aquatic food web. Differences in system geomorphology, hydrology, habitat heterogeneity, and land use may account for these contradictory findings reported in various studies.
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22
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Hammock BG, Wetzel WC. The relative importance of drift causes for stream insect herbivores across a canopy gradient. OIKOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00319.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Azevedo LB, Henderson AD, van Zelm R, Jolliet O, Huijbregts MAJ. Assessing the importance of spatial variability versus model choices in Life Cycle Impact Assessment: the case of freshwater eutrophication in Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:13565-70. [PMID: 24256144 DOI: 10.1021/es403422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) both spatial variability and model choices may be influential. In the case of the effect model, the effect factors differ with respect to their assumption of linear/nonlinear responses to increases in environmental stressor levels, and whether or not they account for the current stressor levels in the environment. Here, we derived spatially explicit characterization factors of phosphorus emissions causing eutrophication based on three different effect models (depicted by marginal, linear, and average effect factors) and two freshwater types (lakes and streams) and we performed an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate how the selection of the effect models and the freshwater types influence the impacts of phosphorus emissions to freshwater on heterotrophic species. We found that 56% of the variability of ecological impacts per unit of phosphorus emission was explained, primarily, by the difference between freshwater types and, to a lesser extent, by the difference between effect models. The remaining variability was attributed to the spatial variation between river basins, mainly due to the variability in fate factors. Our study demonstrates the particular importance of accounting for spatial variability and model choices in LCIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia B Azevedo
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen , P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Yatuha J, Kang'ombe J, Chapman L. Diet and feeding habits of the small catfish,Clarias liocephalusin wetlands of Western Uganda. Afr J Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Yatuha
- Department of Biology; Mbarara University of Science and Technology; PO Box 1410; Mbarara; Uganda
| | - Jeremiah Kang'ombe
- Bunda College of Agriculture; University of Malawi; PO Box 219; Lilongwe; Malawi
| | - Lauren Chapman
- Department of Biology; McGill University; 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield; Montreal; QC; Canada; H3A 1B1
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25
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Niche flexibility and trout–galaxiid co-occurrence in a hydrologically diverse riverine landscape. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Larson ER, Olden JD, Usio N. Shoreline urbanization interrupts allochthonous subsidies to a benthic consumer over a gradient of lake size. Biol Lett 2011; 7:551-4. [PMID: 21389015 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of resource subsidies across ecosystem boundaries has emerged as an important concept in contemporary ecology. For lake ecosystems, this has led to interest in quantifying the contribution of terrestrial allochthonous carbon to aquatic secondary production. An inverse relationship between habitat area and the role of allochthonous subsidies has been documented on marine islands and assumed for lakes, yet there have been no tests of this pattern among benthic (lake bottom) consumers. Here, we used carbon stable isotopes to trace terrestrial allochthonous and benthic autochthonous carbon use by the crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus over a gradient of lake area, productivity and urbanization. Consistent with findings from terrestrial islands, habitat size dictated the importance of allochthonous subsidies, as P. leniusculus transitioned from using predominantly terrestrial carbon in small lakes to an increased reliance on autochthonous production in larger lakes. However, shoreline urbanization interacted with this pattern, particularly for small lakes where greater urbanization resulted in reduced use of allochthonous resources. As such, we provide, to our knowledge, the first confirmation of the predicted relationship between habitat size and importance of allochthonous subsidies to lake benthic consumers, but found that urbanization can interfere with this pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Larson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA.
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Matuszak A, Voigt CC, Storch I, Bauer HG, Quillfeldt P. Depth-specific and spatiotemporal variation of δ13C and δ15N in Charophytes of Lake Constance: implications for food web studies. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:2089-2094. [PMID: 21698692 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Macrophytes are at the base of many lake food webs providing essential food resources for animals at higher trophic level, such as invertebrates, fish and waterbirds. However, data regarding the spatiotemporal variation in isotopic composition of macrophytes are generally missing. We measured the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of Charophytes at Lake Constance, where they constitute a major food source for waterbirds. Our data reveal seasonal and site-specific differences as well as depth-specific variations in isotopic carbon values within the littoral zone. Charophytes were enriched in (13)C at sites of higher productivity: the δ(13)C values were high in summer, at shallow and at relatively nutrient-rich sites, and comparatively low in winter, and in deeper and nutrient-poorer sites. In contrast, no temporal or spatial trend was found to explain the variability in the isotopic nitrogen values. These results imply that the seasonal timing of food intake (relative to turnover rates of consumers tissue) and the potential depth of foraging need to be taken into account when calculating the relative contribution of energy sources to diets of consumers such as waterbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Matuszak
- Max-Planck-Institute for Ornithology, Schlossallee 2, D-78315 Radolfzell, Germany.
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Nakazawa T. Alternative stable states generated by ontogenetic niche shift in the presence of multiple resource use. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14667. [PMID: 21346805 PMCID: PMC3035614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that when juveniles and adults use different resources or habitats, alternative stable states (ASS) may exist in systems coupled by an ontogenetic niche shift. However, mainly the simplest system, i.e., the one-consumer-two-resource system, has been studied previously, and little is known about the development of ASS existing in more complex systems. Here, I theoretically investigated the development of ASS caused by an ontogenetic niche shift in the presence of multiple resource use. I considered three independent scenarios; (i) additional resources, (ii) multiple habitats, and (iii) interstage resource sharing. The model analyses illustrate that relative balance between the total resource availability in the juvenile and adult habitats is crucial for the development of ASS. This balance is determined by factors such as local habitat productivity, subsidy inputs, colonization area, and foraging mobility. Furthermore, it is also shown that interstage resource sharing generally suppresses ASS. These results suggest that the anthropogenic impacts of habitat modifications (e.g., fragmentation and destruction) or interaction modifications (e.g., changes in ontogeny and foraging behavior) propagate through space and may cause or prevent regime shifts in the regional community structure.
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Larson ER, Olden JD, Usio N. Decoupled conservatism of Grinnellian and Eltonian niches in an invasive arthropod. Ecosphere 2010. [DOI: 10.1890/es10-00053.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Larson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 USA
| | - Nisikawa Usio
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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Noda T, Nakaoka M, Takada T. Spatial connectivity and scaling for populations and communities. POPUL ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-008-0128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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