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Pelizzaro F, Cardin R, Sarasini G, Minotto M, Carlotto C, Fassan M, Palo M, Farinati F, Zingone F. Crosstalk between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Coeliac Disease. Inflamm Intest Dis 2024; 9:11-21. [PMID: 38298886 PMCID: PMC10827301 DOI: 10.1159/000536107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules involved in regulating gene expression. Many studies, mostly conducted on pediatric patients, suggested that oxidative stress and several miRNAs may play an important role in coeliac disease (CeD) pathogenesis. However, the interplay between oxidative stress and miRNA regulatory functions in CeD remains to be clarified. In this review, we aimed to perform a literature review on the role of miRNAs and oxidative stress in adult CeD patients and to analyze their potential interactions. In this direction, we also reported the preliminary results of a pilot study we recently performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Pelizzaro
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Romilda Cardin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Sarasini
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Milena Minotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Carlotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Palo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
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2
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de Rooij LA, Mastebroek DJ, ten Voorde N, van der Wall E, van Diest PJ, Moelans CB. The microRNA Lifecycle in Health and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235748. [PMID: 36497229 PMCID: PMC9736740 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of ~22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They can bind to around 60% of all protein-coding genes with an average of 200 targets per miRNA, indicating their important function within physiological and pathological cellular processes. miRNAs can be quickly produced in high amounts through canonical and non-canonical pathways that involve a multitude of steps and proteins. In cancer, miRNA biogenesis, availability and regulation of target expression can be altered to promote tumour progression. This can be due to genetic causes, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, epigenetic changes, differences in host gene expression, or chromosomal remodelling. Alternatively, post-transcriptional changes in miRNA stability, and defective or absent components and mediators of the miRNA-induced silencing complex can lead to altered miRNA function. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the lifecycle of miRNAs in health and cancer. Understanding miRNA function and regulation is fundamental prior to potential future application of miRNAs as cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Adriana de Rooij
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-887-556-557
| | - Dirk Jan Mastebroek
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicky ten Voorde
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Joannes van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy Beatrice Moelans
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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3
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Budakoti M, Panwar AS, Molpa D, Singh RK, Büsselberg D, Mishra AP, Coutinho HDM, Nigam M. Micro-RNA: The darkhorse of cancer. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109995. [PMID: 33785398 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of micro RNAs (miRNA) in cancer has opened up new vistas for researchers in recent years. Micro RNAs area set of small, endogenous, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that control the expression of about 30% genes at post-transcriptional levels. Typically, microRNAs impede the translation and stability of messenger RNAs (mRNA), control genes associated with cellular processes namely inflammation, cell cycle regulation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. Compelling findings revealed that miRNA mutations or disruption correspond to diverse human cancers and suggest that miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Here we summarize the literature on these master regulators in clinical settings from last three decades as both abrupt cancer therapeutics and as an approach to sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. This review highlights (I) the prevailing perception of miRNA genomics, biogenesis, as well as function; (II) the significant advancements in regulatory mechanisms in the expression of carcinogenic genes; and (III) explains, how miRNA is utilized as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the disease stage indicating survival as well as therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Budakoti
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Abhay Shikhar Panwar
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Diksha Molpa
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rahul Kunwar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India.
| | | | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India.
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Zhi Q, Wan D, Ren R, Xu Z, Guo X, Han Y, Liu F, Xu Y, Qin L, Wang Y. Circular RNA profiling identifies circ102049 as a key regulator of colorectal liver metastasis. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:623-641. [PMID: 33131207 PMCID: PMC7858140 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an essential role in the development and progression of various cancers. However, the functions and mechanisms of circRNA in colorectal liver metastasis have not been fully elucidated. We performed circRNA microarray analysis to screen differentially expressed circRNA in the pathology of colorectal liver metastasis. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_102049 (circ102049) in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. CRC cells were transfected with circ102049 overexpression vector or small interfering (si)RNA to assess the effects of circ102049 in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the relationship of circ102049, miR-761, miR-192-3p and FRAS1. The mechanism by which circ102049 recruits and distributes DGCR8 protein in the cytoplasm was also investigated. We found that circ102049 was highly expressed in primary CRC tumors with liver metastasis and closely correlated with the prognosis of patients with CRC. Circ102049 significantly enhanced the adhesion, migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells, and promoted CRC progression via a micro (mi)R-761/miR-192-3p-FRAS1-dependent mechanism. Notably, due to the distribution of DGCR8 protein, circ102049 may also indirectly reduce the levels of mature miR-761 and miR-192-3p in the cytoplasm. In addition, the role of circ102049 in promoting colorectal liver metastasis was confirmed in vivo. Our findings provide new evidence that circ102049 may be a potential prognostic factor in CRC, and that the circ102049-miR-761/miR-192-3p-FRAS1 axis may be an anti-metastatic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoming Zhi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daiwei Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ye Han
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, China
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Razi S, Sadeghi A, Asadi-Lari Z, Tam KJ, Kalantari E, Madjd Z. DCLK1, a promising colorectal cancer stem cell marker, regulates tumor progression and invasion through miR-137 and miR-15a dependent manner. Clin Exp Med 2020; 21:139-147. [PMID: 32965580 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be a major player in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Targeting CSCs for elimination presents a promising therapeutic strategy; however, this approach will require a stronger understanding of CSC biology and identification of CSC-specific markers. The present study was conducted to examine the correlation between DCLK1 and miR-137 and miR-15a levels in colorectal cancer. A total of 222 samples, including 181 colorectal cancer specimens, 24 adenomatosis, and 17 non-adenomatosis colonic polyps, were stained for DCLK1 expression using immunohistochemistry. Also, expression of miR-137 and miR-15a was assessed in colorectal cancer with high and low DCLK1 expression levels. Most colorectal cancer specimens (76%) showed strong expression of DCLK1, whereas only 21% of adenomatous and none of non-adenomatous colonic polyps showed strong DCLK1 expression. A significant difference in DCLK1 expression was found between colorectal cancer, adenomatous, and non-adenomatous colonic polyps (P < 0.001). Higher expression of DCLK1 was more frequently detected in colorectal cases with larger tumor size (P = 0.03), poor differentiation (P = 0.03), and lymph node involvement (P = 0.04). Comparison of miR-137 and miR-15a in colorectal cancer cases revealed a significant inverse correlation with DCLK1 expression (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively). DCLK1 may act as a candidate marker for colorectal cancer stem cells. The critical role of DCLK1 in colorectal cancer suggests that it may represent an early diagnostic marker and therapeutic target; however, further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Razi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Sadeghi
- Department of Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kevin J Tam
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elham Kalantari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Crosstalk of MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2415324. [PMID: 32411322 PMCID: PMC7204110 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2415324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and body's capability to detoxify the reactive mediators or to fix the relating damage. MicroRNAs are considered to be important mediators that play essential roles in the regulation of diverse aspects of carcinogenesis. Growing studies have demonstrated that the ROS can regulate microRNA biogenesis and expression mainly through modulating biogenesis course, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes. On the other hand, microRNAs may in turn modulate the redox signaling pathways, altering their integrity, stability, and functionality, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Both ROS and microRNAs have been identified to be important regulators and potential therapeutic targets in cancers. However, the information about the interplay between oxidative stress and microRNA regulation is still limited. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current understanding of molecular crosstalk between microRNAs and the generation of ROS in the pathogenesis of cancer.
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7
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DGCR8/ZFAT-AS1 Promotes CDX2 Transcription in a PRC2 Complex-Dependent Manner to Facilitate the Malignant Biological Behavior of Glioma Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 28:613-630. [PMID: 31813799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated and play an important regulatory role in the development of tumors. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, our findings from experiments, and the evidence of previous studies, we screened DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8), ZFAT antisense RNA 1 (ZFAT-AS1), and caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) as research candidates. In the present study, DGCR8 and CDX2 were highly expressed and ZFAT-AS1 was markedly downregulated in glioma tissues and cells. DGCR8 or CDX2 knockdown or ZFAT-AS1 overexpression suppressed glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and facilitated apoptosis. DGCR8 might decrease ZFAT-AS1 expression by attenuating its stability in a manner of inducing its cleavage. Importantly, ZFAT-AS1 could inhibit CDX2 transcription by mediating the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3) modification induced by PRC2 in the CDX2 promoter region. In addition, CDX2 transcriptionally activated DGCR8 expression by binding to its promoter regions, forming a positive feedback loop of DGCR8/ZFAT-AS1/CDX2. In conclusion, DGCR8/ZFAT-AS1 promotes CDX2 transcription in a PRC2 complex-dependent manner to facilitate the malignant biological behavior of glioma cells.
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8
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Zhang J, Cao Z, Yang G, You L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a) in Solid Tumors: A Review Based on Mechanisms and Clinical Observations. Front Oncol 2019; 9:893. [PMID: 31572683 PMCID: PMC6751266 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of highly conserved, non-coding single-stranded RNAs transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors to an 18–22 nucleotide product (1). miRNAs can silence their homologous target genes at the post-transcriptional level, and these genes have been revealed to play an important role in tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis (2). MicroRNA-27a (miR-27a), transcripted by miR-27a gene, has proved to implicate with many kinds of solid tumors, showing potential as a useful biomarker or drug target for clinical application. However, even though miR-27a has been reported in many cancers, the mechanism and signal pathways of miR-27 in oncogenesis, invasion, and metastasis are still obscure. Moreover, recent studies show that miR-27a pays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, regulating tumor immune response, and chemoresistance. In this review, we summarize the current literature, demonstrate the established link between miR-27a and tumorigenesis, and focus on recently identified mechanisms. The review also aims to demonstrate the potential of miR-27a as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker in solid tumors and to discuss the possibilities of targeted therapy and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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9
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MicroRNA Biogenesis Pathway Genes Are Deregulated in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184460. [PMID: 31510013 PMCID: PMC6770105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Each step of their production and maturation has to be strictly regulated, as any disruption of control mechanisms may lead to cancer. Thus, we have measured the expression of 19 genes involved in miRNAs biogenesis pathway in tumor tissues of 239 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 17 CRC patients with liver metastases and 239 adjacent tissues using real-time PCR. Subsequently, the expression of analyzed genes was correlated with the clinical-pathological features as well as with the survival of patients. In total, significant over-expression of all analyzed genes was observed in tumor tissues as well as in liver metastases except for LIN28A/B. Furthermore, it was shown that the deregulated levels of some of the analyzed genes significantly correlate with tumor stage, grade, location, size and lymph node positivity. Finally, high levels of DROSHA and TARBP2 were associated with shorter disease-free survival, while the over-expression of XPO5, TNRC6A and DDX17 was detected in tissues of patients with shorter overall survival and poor prognosis. Our data indicate that changed levels of miRNA biogenesis genes may contribute to origin as well as progression of CRC; thus, these molecules could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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Lee SS, Min H, Ha JY, Kim BH, Choi MS, Kim S. Dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis components DICER1, DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma in both a Korean cohort and the cancer genome atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma cohort. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4337-4345. [PMID: 31516620 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis may be involved in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The objective of the present study was to investigate the mRNA levels of important miRNA machinery components, DICER1, DROSHA, DiGeroge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8), and Argonaute 2 (AGO2), and their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics of ccRCC using mRNA expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma (TCGA KIRC) cohort and a Korean ccRCC cohort. mRNA levels of DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8 were significantly decreased in both cohorts. However, AGO2 was significantly downregulated only in the Korean ccRCC cohort. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between the altered mRNA levels of DICER1 and DROSHA as well as DROSHA and DGCR8 in both cohorts. In the TCGA KIRC cohort, alterations in the mRNA levels of DICER1 were significantly correlated with histological grade. Furthermore, the altered mRNA levels of DGCR8 showed significant associations with sex and histologic grades. However, in the Korean ccRCC cohort, no factors were significantly associated with any clinicopathological parameters, including sex, age, T stage, Fuhrman grade/The International Society of Urological Pathology grade, lymphovascular invasion, and peri-renal fat invasion. Taken together, these findings indicate that DICER1, DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 are significantly dysregulated in ccRCC, suggesting that they are important in the pathophysiology of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Su Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonji Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Ha
- Department of Urology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hoon Kim
- Department of Urology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung-gu, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Choi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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11
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Association of miRNA biosynthesis genes DROSHA and DGCR8 polymorphisms with cancer susceptibility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180072. [PMID: 29654164 PMCID: PMC6019356 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA biosynthesis genes DROSHA and DGCR8 were indicated to be correlated with cancer risk. We comprehensively reviewed and analyzed the effect of DROSHA and DGCR8 polymorphisms on cancer risk. Eligible articles were selected according to a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Consequently, ten case–control studies (from nine citations) with 4265 cancer cases and 4349 controls were involved in a meta-analysis of seven most prevalent SNPs (rs10719 T/C, rs6877842 G/C, rs2291109 A/T, rs642321 C/T, rs3757 G/A, rs417309 G/A, rs1640299 T/G). Our findings demonstrated that the rs417309 SNP in DGCR8 was significantly associated with an elevated risk of overall cancer in every genetic model. In stratified analysis, correlations of DROSHA rs10719 and rs6877842 SNPs were observed in Asian and laryngeal cancer subgroups, respectively. Moreover, associations of the rs417309 SNP could also be found in numerous subgroups including: Asian and Caucasian population subgroups; laryngeal and breast cancer subgroups; population-based (PB) and hospital-based (HB) subgroups. In conclusion, the DROSHA rs10719, rs6877842 SNPs, and DGCR8 rs417309 SNP play pivotal roles in cancerogenesis and may be potential biomarkers for cancer-forewarning.
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12
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Kim S, Song ML, Min H, Hwang I, Baek SK, Kwon TK, Park JW. miRNA biogenesis-associated RNase III nucleases Drosha and Dicer are upregulated in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4379-4383. [PMID: 28943952 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosha and Dicer are important regulators of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis, and it has been suggested that their aberrant regulation may cause colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of these two important RNase III nucleases and their association with clinical features in CRC specimens from South Korean patients. The expression levels of Drosha and Dicer mRNA were investigated in 77 CRC tissues and adjacent histologically non-neoplastic tissues using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of Drosha and Dicer mRNA were identified to be upregulated in CRC. Neither the Drosha nor the Dicer mRNA expression level was associated with any clinical parameter, including sex, age, TNM stage, body mass index and carcinoembryonic antigen titer in patients with CRC. Furthermore, the expression levels of Drosha and Dicer mRNA were not associated with each other. The miRNA biogenesis-associated RNase III nucleases Drosha and Dicer are significantly upregulated in CRC, suggesting their importance in the pathobiology of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Mei Ling Song
- Graduate School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonji Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseon Hwang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Baek
- Department of Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Jung, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Park
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Keimyung University, Dalseo, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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13
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Colorectal Cancer: From the Genetic Model to Posttranscriptional Regulation by Noncoding RNAs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7354260. [PMID: 28573140 PMCID: PMC5442347 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7354260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in developed countries and, despite the improvements achieved in its treatment options, remains as one of the main causes of cancer-related death. In this review, we first focus on colorectal carcinogenesis and on the genetic and epigenetic alterations involved. In addition, noncoding RNAs have been shown to be important regulators of gene expression. We present a general overview of what is known about these molecules and their role and dysregulation in cancer, with a special focus on the biogenesis, characteristics, and function of microRNAs. These molecules are important regulators of carcinogenesis, progression, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastases in cancer, including colorectal cancer. For this reason, miRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments, or even as therapeutic agents, or as targets by themselves. Thus, this review highlights the importance of miRNAs in the development, progression, diagnosis, and therapy of colorectal cancer and summarizes current therapeutic approaches for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Racial Differences in Expression Levels of miRNA Machinery-Related Genes, Dicer, Drosha, DGCR8, and AGO2, in Asian Korean Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Comparative Validation Using the Cancer Genome Atlas. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:5789769. [PMID: 28352639 PMCID: PMC5352891 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5789769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of microRNA (miRNA) machinery components is associated with various human cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which is the most common type of thyroid cancer, and a higher prevalent female malignancy. The purpose of this study is to investigate racial differences in mRNA expression levels of four miRNA machinery components, Dicer, Drosha, DGCR8, and AGO2, and their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics. Forty PTC samples from female Asian Korean PTC patients were enrolled. Using qPCR, we examined mRNA expression levels of the components and next validated our results by comparison with results of female white American in the TCGA PTC project. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels of the selected factors were altered in the TCGA PTC samples. However, only Drosha showed a significantly lower expression level in Asian Korean PTC samples. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the four components showed no association with clinicopathological characteristics in both groups. On the other hand, positive correlations were observed between altered mRNA expression levels of Dicer and Drosha and DGCR8 and Drosha in TCGA PTC samples. These findings collectively revealed that altered mRNA expression levels of miRNA machinery components might be responsible for racial differences in the carcinogenesis of PTC.
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The modulation of Dicer regulates tumor immunogenicity in melanoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:47663-47673. [PMID: 27356752 PMCID: PMC5216969 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate most cellular protein networks by targeting mRNAs for translational inhibition or degradation. Dicer, a type III endoribonuclease, is a critical component in microRNA biogenesis and is required for mature microRNA production. Abnormal Dicer expression occurs in numerous cancer types and correlates with poor patient prognosis. For example, increased Dicer expression in melanoma is associated with more aggressive tumors (higher tumor mitotic index and depth of invasion) and poor patient prognosis. However, the role that Dicer plays in melanoma development and immune evasion remains unclear. Here, we report on a newly discovered relationship between Dicer expression and tumor immunogenicity. To investigate Dicer's role in regulating melanoma immunogenicity, Dicer knockdown studies were performed. We found that B16F0-Dicer deficient cells exhibited decreased tumor growth compared to control cells and were capable of inducing anti-tumor immunity. The decrease in tumor growth was abrogated in immunodeficient NSG mice and was shown to be dependent upon CD8+ T cells. Dicer knockdown also induced a more responsive immune gene profile in melanoma cells. Further studies demonstrated that CD8+ T cells preferentially killed Dicer knockdown tumor cells compared to control cells. Taken together, we present evidence which links Dicer expression to tumor immunogenicity in melanoma.
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Fardmanesh H, Shekari M, Movafagh A, Alizadeh Shargh S, Poursadegh Zonouzi AA, Shakerizadeh S, Poursadegh Zonouzi A, Hosseinzadeh A. Upregulation of the double-stranded RNA binding protein DGCR8 in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Gene 2016; 581:146-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral to the gene regulatory network. A single miRNA is capable of controlling the expression of hundreds of protein coding genes and modulate a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, stress responses, DNA repair, cell adhesion, motility, inflammation, cell survival, senescence and apoptosis, all of which are fundamental to tumorigenesis. Overexpression, genetic amplification, and gain-of-function mutation of oncogenic miRNAs ("onco-miRs") as well as genetic deletion and loss-of-function mutation of tumor suppressor miRNAs ("suppressor-miRs") are linked to human cancer. In addition to the dysregulation of a specific onco-miR or suppressor-miRs, changes in global miRNA levels resulting from a defective miRNA biogenesis pathway play a role in tumorigenesis. The function of individual onco-miRs and suppressor-miRs and their target genes in cancer has been described in many different articles elsewhere. In this review, we primarily focus on the recent development regarding the dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis pathway and its contribution to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hata
- a Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Risa Kashima
- a Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California , San Francisco , CA , USA
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MicroRNA Processing and Human Cancer. J Clin Med 2015; 4:1651-67. [PMID: 26308063 PMCID: PMC4555082 DOI: 10.3390/jcm4081651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of 20 to 25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally mainly by binding to a specific sequence of the 3′ end of the untranslated region (3′UTR) of target genes. Since the first report on the clinical relevance of miRNAs in cancer, many miRNAs have been demonstrated to act as oncogenes, whereas others function as tumor suppressors. Furthermore, global miRNA dysregulation, due to alterations in miRNA processing factors, has been observed in a large variety of human cancer types. As previous studies have shown, the sequential miRNA processing can be divided into three steps: processing by RNAse in the nucleus; transportation by Exportin-5 (XPO5) from the nucleus; and processing by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) in the cytoplasm. Alteration in miRNA processing genes, by genomic mutations, aberrant expression or other means, could significantly affect cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the biogenesis of miRNAs with emphasis on the potential of miRNA processing factors in human cancers.
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Zhu C, Chen C, Huang J, Zhang H, Zhao X, Deng R, Dou J, Jin H, Chen R, Xu M, Chen Q, Wang Y, Yu J. SUMOylation at K707 of DGCR8 controls direct function of primary microRNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2015. [PMID: 26202964 PMCID: PMC4652762 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DGCR8 (DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8) is essential for primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) processing in the cell nucleus. It specifically combines with Drosha, a nuclear RNase III enzyme, to form the Microprocessor complex (MC) that cleaves pri-miRNA to precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further processed to mature miRNA by Dicer, a cytoplasmic RNase III enzyme. Increasing evidences suggest that pri-/pre-miRNAs have direct functions in regulation of gene expression, however the underlying mechanism how it is fine-tuned remains unclear. Here we find that DGCR8 is modified by SUMO1 at the major site K707, which can be promoted by its ERK-activated phosphorylation. SUMOylation of DGCR8 enhances the protein stability by preventing the degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. More importantly, SUMOylation of DGCR8 does not alter its association with Drosha, the MC activity and miRNA biogenesis, but rather influences its affinity with pri-miRNAs. This altered affinity of DGCR8 with pri-miRNAs seems to control the direct functions of pri-miRNAs in recognition and repression of the target mRNAs, which is evidently linked to the DGCR8 function in regulation of tumorigenesis and cell migration. Collectively, our data suggest a novel mechanism that SUMOylation of DGCR8 controls direct functions of pri-miRNAs in gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinzhuo Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression. Amplification and overexpression of individual 'oncomiRs' or genetic loss of tumour suppressor miRNAs are associated with human cancer and are sufficient to drive tumorigenesis in mouse models. Furthermore, global miRNA depletion caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations in components of the miRNA biogenesis machinery is oncogenic. This, together with the recent identification of novel miRNA regulatory factors and pathways, highlights the importance of miRNA dysregulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuibin Lin
- 1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Richard I Gregory
- 1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [3] Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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The Expression of AGO2 and DGCR8 in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 7:269-74. [PMID: 25436045 PMCID: PMC4240483 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2014.7.4.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The microRNAs have been implicated in the development and function of the inner ear, especially in contribution to hearing. However, the impact of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) on expression of miRNA biogenesis-related components has not been established. To investigate the regulations of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis-related components, argonaute 2 (AGO2) and DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8) mRNA expression in SSNHL and to evaluate the value of clinical parameters on their expression. Methods Thirty-seven patients diagnosed with SSNHL and fifty-one healthy volunteers were included in this study. We measured mRNA expression levels of AGO2 and DGCR8 in whole blood cells but erythrocytes of patients with SSNHL and controls, using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results The mRNA expression level of AGO2 is upregulated in SSNHL. The expression level of AGO2 was significantly correlated with that of DGCR8 in both patients with SSNHL and controls. Expression level of AGO2 in SSNHL was correlated with white blood cell counts. Conclusion This study demonstrated for the first time that the AGO2 mRNA expression level was upregulated in SSNHL, suggesting its important role in pathobiology of SSNHL development.
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Huang JT, Wang J, Srivastava V, Sen S, Liu SM. MicroRNA Machinery Genes as Novel Biomarkers for Cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:113. [PMID: 24904827 PMCID: PMC4032885 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) directly and indirectly affect tumorigenesis. To be able to perform their myriad roles, miRNA machinery genes, such as Drosha, DGCR8, Dicer1, XPO5, TRBP, and AGO2, must generate precise miRNAs. These genes have specific expression patterns, protein-binding partners, and biochemical capabilities in different cancers. Our preliminary analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium on multiple types of cancer revealed significant alterations in these miRNA machinery genes. Here, we review their biological structures and functions with an eye toward understanding how they could serve as cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Tao Huang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Vibhuti Srivastava
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Song-Mei Liu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
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Kwon SY, Lee JH, Kim B, Park JW, Kwon TK, Kang SH, Kim S. Complexity in regulation of microRNA machinery components in invasive breast carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2014; 20:697-705. [PMID: 24574065 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of microRNA (miRNA) machinery components may play an important role in breast cancer progression. The objective of the current study was to evaluate Drosha, the DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8), Dicer, and Argonaute 2 (AGO2) mRNA expression in invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) and to assess the value of clinical parameters on their expression. By using quantitative real-time PCR, we examined the expression of the four miRNA machinery components in 52 breast tumor tissues which are diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. In the present study, decreased mRNA expression levels of major miRNA machinery components were observed in IBC. The altered mRNA expression levels of DGCR8 and AGO2 are positively correlated with to each other. This study revealed for the first time that expression alterations of DGCR8 are significantly associated with estrogen receptor and Ki-67 status in IBC. Moreover, AGO2 mRNA expression level was significantly correlated with N stage. These results provided evidences that down-regulated the four miRNA machinery components may play an important role in breast pathobiology and that DGCR8 and AGO2 might be associated with important clinical factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 704-701, South Korea
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