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Anglese S, Varrica A, Saracino A, Conti M, Frigiola A, Lo Rito M. Unusual Aneurysm of a Cervical Aortic Arch: Surgical Repair Improves Fluid Dynamics. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2024; 15:224-226. [PMID: 37853733 PMCID: PMC10949141 DOI: 10.1177/21501351231196516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The cervical aortic arch is a rare congenital vascular abnormality related to the anomalous development of the aortic arch. We present the case of a 6-year-old patient with a large aneurysmal cervical aortic arch who underwent surgical correction and arch reconstruction. Surgical repair was indicated based on the risk of progressive dilation and rupture, aiming to restore correct geometry and hemodynamics. We evaluated preoperative and postoperative hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics simulations, and we also identified, within the repaired region, an area that remains affected by greater turbulent flow, requiring follow-up surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Anglese
- 3D and Computer Simulation Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Alessandro Varrica
- Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Antonio Saracino
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAr), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Frigiola
- Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Mauro Lo Rito
- Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
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Lee J, Chadalavada SC, Ghodadra A, Ali A, Arribas EM, Chepelev L, Ionita CN, Ravi P, Ryan JR, Santiago L, Wake N, Sheikh AM, Rybicki FJ, Ballard DH. Clinical situations for which 3D Printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: vascular conditions. 3D Print Med 2023; 9:34. [PMID: 38032479 PMCID: PMC10688120 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-023-00196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical three-dimensional (3D) printing has demonstrated utility and value in anatomic models for vascular conditions. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (3DPSIG) provides appropriateness recommendations for vascular 3D printing indications. METHODS A structured literature search was conducted to identify all relevant articles using 3D printing technology associated with vascular indications. Each study was vetted by the authors and strength of evidence was assessed according to published appropriateness ratings. RESULTS Evidence-based recommendations for when 3D printing is appropriate are provided for the following areas: aneurysm, dissection, extremity vascular disease, other arterial diseases, acute venous thromboembolic disease, venous disorders, lymphedema, congenital vascular malformations, vascular trauma, vascular tumors, visceral vasculature for surgical planning, dialysis access, vascular research/development and modeling, and other vasculopathy. Recommendations are provided in accordance with strength of evidence of publications corresponding to each vascular condition combined with expert opinion from members of the 3DPSIG. CONCLUSION This consensus appropriateness ratings document, created by the members of the 3DPSIG, provides an updated reference for clinical standards of 3D printing for the care of patients with vascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonhyuk Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Anish Ghodadra
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Arafat Ali
- Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Elsa M Arribas
- Department of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonid Chepelev
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ciprian N Ionita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Prashanth Ravi
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Justin R Ryan
- Webster Foundation 3D Innovations Lab, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lumarie Santiago
- Department of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Wake
- Department of Research and Scientific Affairs, GE HealthCare, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adnan M Sheikh
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- Department of Radiology, University of Arizona - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David H Ballard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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Gu Z, Ong CW, Mi Y, Seetharaman A, Ling RR, Ramanathan K, Leo HL. The Impact of Left Ventricular Assist Device Outflow Graft Positioning on Aortic Hemodynamics: Improving Flow Dynamics to Mitigate Aortic Insufficiency. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:465. [PMID: 37887596 PMCID: PMC10604423 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a global health concern with significant implications for healthcare systems. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide mechanical support for patients with severe heart failure. However, the placement of the LVAD outflow graft within the aorta has substantial implications for hemodynamics and can lead to aortic insufficiency during long-term support. This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate the impact of different LVAD outflow graft locations on aortic hemodynamics. The introduction of valve morphology within the aorta geometry allows for a more detailed analysis of hemodynamics at the aortic root. The results demonstrate that the formation of vortex rings and subsequent vortices during the high-velocity jet flow from the graft interacted with the aortic wall. Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) indicate that modification of the outflow graft location changes mechanical states within the aortic wall and aortic valve. Among the studied geometric factors, both the height and inclination angle of the LVAD outflow graft are important in controlling retrograde flow to the aortic root, while the azimuthal angle primarily determines the rotational direction of blood flow in the aortic arch. Thus, precise positioning of the LVAD outflow graft emerges as a critical factor in optimizing patient outcomes by improving the hemodynamic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohan Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Z.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Chi Wei Ong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yongzhen Mi
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138632, Singapore;
| | - Ashwin Seetharaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Z.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Ryan Ruiyang Ling
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore (K.R.)
| | - Kollengode Ramanathan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore (K.R.)
- Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, National University Heart Centre Singapore, National Univeristy Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Hwa Liang Leo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Z.G.); (A.S.)
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Stokes C, Ahmed D, Lind N, Haupt F, Becker D, Hamilton J, Muthurangu V, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Papadakis G, Balabani S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. Aneurysmal growth in type-B aortic dissection: assessing the impact of patient-specific inlet conditions on key haemodynamic indices. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230281. [PMID: 37727072 PMCID: PMC10509589 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-B aortic dissection is a cardiovascular disease in which a tear develops in the intimal layer of the descending aorta, allowing pressurized blood to delaminate the layers of the vessel wall. In medically managed patients, long-term aneurysmal dilatation of the false lumen (FL) is considered virtually inevitable and is associated with poorer disease outcomes. While the pathophysiological mechanisms driving FL dilatation are not yet understood, haemodynamic factors are believed to play a key role. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and 4D-flow MRI (4DMR) analyses have revealed correlations between flow helicity, oscillatory wall shear stress and aneurysmal dilatation of the FL. In this study, we compare CFD simulations using a patient-specific, three-dimensional, three-component inlet velocity profile (4D IVP) extracted from 4DMR data against simulations with flow rate-matched uniform and axial velocity profiles that remain widely used in the absence of 4DMR. We also evaluate the influence of measurement errors in 4DMR data by scaling the 4D IVP to the degree of imaging error detected in prior studies. We observe that oscillatory shear and helicity are highly sensitive to inlet velocity distribution and flow volume throughout the FL and conclude that the choice of IVP may greatly affect the future clinical value of simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Stokes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome-EPSRC Centre for Interventional Surgical Sciences, London, UK
| | - D. Ahmed
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - N. Lind
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - F. Haupt
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D. Becker
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J. Hamilton
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - V. Muthurangu
- Centre for Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - H. von Tengg-Kobligk
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G. Papadakis
- Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S. Balabani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome-EPSRC Centre for Interventional Surgical Sciences, London, UK
| | - V. Díaz-Zuccarini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome-EPSRC Centre for Interventional Surgical Sciences, London, UK
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Ong CW, Wee IJY, Toma M, Cui F, Xu XY, Richards AM, Leo HL, Choong AMTL. Haemodynamic changes in visceral hybrid repairs of type III and type V thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13760. [PMID: 37612440 PMCID: PMC10447573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The visceral hybrid procedure combining retrograde visceral bypass grafting and completion endovascular stent grafting is a feasible alternative to conventional open surgical or wholly endovascular repairs of thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAA). However, the wide variability in visceral hybrid configurations means that a priori prediction of surgical outcome based on haemodynamic flow profiles such as velocity pattern and wall shear stress post repair remain challenging. We sought to appraise the clinical relevance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses in the setting of visceral hybrid TAAA repairs. Two patients, one with a type III and the other with a type V TAAA, underwent successful elective and emergency visceral hybrid repairs, respectively. Flow patterns and haemodynamic parameters were analysed using reconstructed pre- and post-operative CT scans. Both type III and type V TAAAs showed highly disturbed flow patterns with varying helicity values preoperatively within their respective aneurysms. Low time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and high endothelial cell action potential (ECAP) and relative residence time (RRT) associated with thrombogenic susceptibility was observed in the posterior aspect of both TAAAs preoperatively. Despite differing bypass configurations in the elective and emergency repairs, both treatment options appear to improve haemodynamic performance compared to preoperative study. However, we observed reduced TAWSS in the right iliac artery (portending a theoretical risk of future graft and possibly limb thrombosis), after the elective type III visceral hybrid repair, but not the emergency type V repair. We surmise that this difference may be attributed to the higher neo-bifurcation of the aortic stent graft in the type III as compared to the type V repair. Our results demonstrate that CFD can be used in complicated visceral hybrid repair to yield potentially actionable predictive insights with implications on surveillance and enhanced post-operative management, even in patients with complicated geometrical bypass configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wei Ong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian J Y Wee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Milan Toma
- Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, New York, USA
| | - Fangsen Cui
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao Yun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, New Zealand, New Zealand
| | - Hwa Liang Leo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew M T L Choong
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
- Asian Aortic & Vascular Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
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Crespo-Quintanilla JA, Alfaro-Ayala JA, Ramírez-Minguela JJ, Vidal-Lesso A, Cano-Andrade S. A detailed analysis in thoracic aorta by means of the entropy generation rate: Prediction of the atherosclerotic lesion. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:1675-1684. [DOI: 10.1177/09544119221126270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A detailed numerical analysis is carried out in a real human thoracic aorta by means of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the prediction of the atherosclerosis lesion. Common hemodynamics parameters, such as, the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and the time average wall shear stress (TAWSS) are used for the prediction of the atherosclerosis lesion. Furthermore, the entropy generation rate is considered to obtain the main irreversibilities that occurs inside the thoracic aorta for the prediction of the atherosclerosis lesion. The model considers the blood flow inside the thoracic aorta in an unsteady state. The results show contours of velocity, streams lines, velocity profiles and the comparison of the hemodynamics parameters OSI versus TAWSS. Moreover, contours of the entropy generation rate are showed inside the aorta. The time averaged entropy generation rate (TAEGR) is obtained as a result of the entropy generation analysis. Finally, TAEGR index is compared and discussed with the common hemodynamics parameters, OSI and TAWSS. The accuracy to detect prone locations to atherosclerotic development in the real aorta using the TAEGR in comparison to the OSI and the TAWSS is in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge A Alfaro-Ayala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Guanajuato, DCNE, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Agustín Vidal-Lesso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guanajuato, DICIS, Salamanca, Mexico
| | - Sergio Cano-Andrade
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guanajuato, DICIS, Salamanca, Mexico
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Daniele A, Lucas SJE, Rendeiro C. Detrimental effects of physical inactivity on peripheral and brain vasculature in humans: Insights into mechanisms, long-term health consequences and protective strategies. Front Physiol 2022; 13:998380. [PMID: 36237532 PMCID: PMC9553009 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.998380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of physical inactivity in the population highlights the urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of how sedentary behaviour affects health, the mechanisms involved and what strategies are effective in counteracting its negative effects. Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for different pathologies including atherosclerosis, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. It is known to progressively lead to reduced life expectancy and quality of life, and it is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Recent evidence indicates that uninterrupted prolonged sitting and short-term inactivity periods impair endothelial function (measured by flow-mediated dilation) and induce arterial structural alterations, predominantly in the lower body vasculature. Similar effects may occur in the cerebral vasculature, with recent evidence showing impairments in cerebral blood flow following prolonged sitting. The precise molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying inactivity-induced vascular dysfunction in humans are yet to be fully established, although evidence to date indicates that it may involve modulation of shear stress, inflammatory and vascular biomarkers. Despite the steady increase in sedentarism in our societies, only a few intervention strategies have been investigated for their efficacy in counteracting the associated vascular impairments. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence linking acute and short-term physical inactivity to detrimental effects on peripheral, central and cerebral vascular health in humans. We further examine the underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms and attempt to link these to long-term consequences for cardiovascular health. Finally, we summarize and discuss the efficacy of lifestyle interventions in offsetting the negative consequences of physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Daniele
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J. E. Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Catarina Rendeiro,
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Lin R, Jiang R, Wang S, Zheng J, Sun Y, Xue Y, Huang X. Alterations of Arterial Morphology in Aberrant Subclavian Artery Patients with Type B Dissection and its Association with Dissection. J Vasc Surg 2022; 76:891-898.e2. [PMID: 35753651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The arterial morphology in aberrant subclavian artery (ASA) patients and its association with type B aortic dissection are important for treatment and prevention. This study examined the arterial morphology of ASA patients with type B dissection and evaluated its association with type B dissection in vivo. METHODS The presence of ASA and type B dissection was screened from patients with aortic dissection receiving computed tomography angiography (CTA) from January 2011 to May 2021. ASA patients with type B dissection (Group 1, n=16), clinically-matched counterparts without type B dissection (Group 2, n=32) and clinically-matched type B dissection subjects without ASA (Group 3, n=32) were measured for the angles of ascending aorta, aortic arch, aortic deviation, and the diameters of ascending aorta, aortic arch, ASA ostium and middle ASA segment. The correlation between ASA morphology and type B dissection was analyzed by variance analysis or Wallies H test. RESULTS Compared with Group 2, Group 1 reported a sharper ascending aortic angle (131.5o±13.7o vs. 148.1o±7.8o, P=0.001), larger aortic deviation angle in plane 2 (28.2o±6.0o vs. 22.1o±7.2o, P=0.005) and plane 3 (26.4 o±7.3o vs. 21.8o±6.3o, P=0.028). Similarly, Group 1 displayed a greater diameter in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and the ostium and middle of ASA (38.3±4.1mm vs. 33.6±4.5mm, P=0.001; 34.0±9.3mm vs. 26.2±2.9mm, P=0.004; 20.3±9.3mm vs. 14.0±3.2mm, P=0.018; 10.8±2.3mm vs. 9.0±1.5mm, P=0.002, respectively), without a significant difference in the aortic arch angle. Compared with Group 3, Group 1 showed a sharper ascending aortic angle (131.5o±13.7o vs. 142.5o±11.7o, P=0.026) and smaller aortic deviation angle in plane 1 (21.7o±6.2o vs. 28.9o±6.2o, P=0.04) and plane 3 (26.4o±7.3o vs. 21.8o±6.3o, P=0.007), though with no significant difference in the aortic arch angle, aortic deviation angle in plane 2, and ascending aortic diameter. CONCLUSIONS The diameters of the ostium and middle segment of ASA and ascending aorta and the angles of ascending aorta and aortic deviation are potential risk factors for type B dissection in ASA patients, which may provide new insights into the mechanism of type B dissection in patients with ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Rifeng Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Shu Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jinmei Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Yunjing Xue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China.
| | - Xinming Huang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, China.
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Wu S, Huang Y, Lun Y, Jiang H, He Y, Wang S, Li X, Shen S, Gang Q, Li X, Chen W, Pang L, Zhang J. Influence of abdominal aortic calcification on the distal extent and branch blood supply of acute aortic dissection. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 86:389-398. [PMID: 35589033 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the influence of abdominal aortic calcification on the distal extent, blood supply, and mid-term outcomes of acute aortic dissection (AAD). METHODS This single-centre retrospective study was conducted from August 2014 to May 2021. The aortic calcification index (ACI) was used to evaluate abdominal aortic calcification. The standardized method provided by the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) was used to evaluate the distal extent of AAD. Patients were divided into three groups according to the degree of calcification: no calcification (NC), low calcification (LC), and high calcification (HC). RESULTS In a cohort of 723 patients, abdominal aortic calcification was present in 424 (58.6%) patients. The prevalence of coronary heart disease increased with the degree of calcification (NC vs. LC vs. HC: 8.4% vs. 9.5% vs. 19.3%, P<0.001). The ACI of the distal extent at zone 9 was higher than that of the distal extent exceeding zone 9 (P=0.001). The proportions of the NC, LC and HC groups with distal extents exceeding zone 9 were 65.9% vs. 56.2% vs. 37.7%, P<0.001. In multivariate logistics analysis, the calcification grades was a protective factor of distal extents exceeding zone 9 (P<0.001, OR=0.592). Hypertension (P=0.019, OR=1.559) and D-dimer (P<.001, OR=1.045) were risk factors. There was a higher proportion of branch-vessels on the abdominal aorta supplied by the true lumen in the calcification group (NC vs. LC vs. HC: 27.8% vs. 43.8% vs. 51.1%, P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the mid-term outcomes among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal aortic calcification could limit the distal extent in patients with AAD and increase the proportion of branch-vessels on the abdominal aorta supplied by the true lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinde Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Lun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuchen He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiyue Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shikai Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingwei Gang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liwei Pang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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10
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On the impact of vessel wall stiffness on quantitative flow dynamics in a synthetic model of the thoracic aorta. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6703. [PMID: 33758315 PMCID: PMC7988183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic wall stiffening is a predictive marker for morbidity in hypertensive patients. Arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) correlates with the level of stiffness and can be derived using non-invasive 4D-flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objectives of this study were twofold: to develop subject-specific thoracic aorta models embedded into an MRI-compatible flow circuit operating under controlled physiological conditions; and to evaluate how a range of aortic wall stiffness impacts 4D-flow-based quantification of hemodynamics, particularly PWV. Three aorta models were 3D-printed using a novel photopolymer material at two compliant and one nearly rigid stiffnesses and characterized via tensile testing. Luminal pressure and 4D-flow MRI data were acquired for each model and cross-sectional net flow, peak velocities, and PWV were measured. In addition, the confounding effect of temporal resolution on all metrics was evaluated. Stiffer models resulted in increased systolic pressures (112, 116, and 133 mmHg), variations in velocity patterns, and increased peak velocities, peak flow rate, and PWV (5.8–7.3 m/s). Lower temporal resolution (20 ms down to 62.5 ms per image frame) impacted estimates of peak velocity and PWV (7.31 down to 4.77 m/s). Using compliant aorta models is essential to produce realistic flow dynamics and conditions that recapitulated in vivo hemodynamics.
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11
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Numerical investigation of patient-specific thoracic aortic aneurysms and comparison with normal subject via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 59:71-84. [PMID: 33225424 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-020-02287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular hemodynamics play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. This work aimed to investigate the effects of an increase in ascending aortic diameter (AAD) on hemodynamics throughout a cardiac cycle for real patients. In this study, two scans of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) subject with different AADs (42.94 mm and 48.01 mm) and a scan of a normal subject (19.81 mm) were analyzed to assess the effects of hemodynamics on the progression of TAA with the same flow rate. Real-patient aortic geometries were scanned by computed tomography angiography (CTA), and steady and pulsatile flow conditions were used to simulate real patient aortic geometries. Aortic arches were obtained from routine clinical scans. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed with in vivo boundary conditions, and 3D Navier-Stokes equations were solved by a UDF (user-defined function) code defining a real cardiac cycle of one patient using Fourier series (FS). Wall shear stress (WSS) and pressure distributions were presented from normal subject to TAA cases. The results show that during the peak systolic phase pressure load increased by 18.56% from normal subject to TAA case 1 and by 23.8% from normal subject to TAA case 2 in the aneurysm region. It is concluded that although overall WSS increased in aneurysm cases but was low in dilatation areas. As a result, abnormal changes in WSS and higher pressure load may lead to rupture and risk of further dilatation. CFD simulations were highly effective to guide clinical predictions and assess the progress of aneurysm regions in case of early surgical intervention. Graphical abstract.
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Zhang X, Luo M, Fang K, Li J, Peng Y, Zheng L, Shu C. Analysis of the formation mechanism and occurrence possibility of Post-Stenotic Dilatation of the aorta by CFD approach. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 194:105522. [PMID: 32422474 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Post-Stenotic Dilatation (PSD), the common complication of coarctation of the aorta (COA), is a progressive disease involving aortic aneurysm and even rupture. However, there has been no definitive method that could investigate the mechanism of PSD formation, progression and rupture. The purpose of the present work is to analyze the mechanism behind PSD formation and to further assess the risk of COA patients with different coarctation degrees deteriorating into PSD. METHOD Three-dimensional non-Newtonian (Carreau-Yasuda) hemodynamic simulations are performed throughout the cardiac cycle, and a novel parameter (λci¯ intensity) is proposed to evaluate the intensity of vortices within the aorta. The PSD geometry is reconstructed from Computed Tomography scans. To analyze the formation mechanism and occurrence possibility of PSD, the computer technology is utilized to restore the expansive and/or narrow regions to obtain its previous state (COA) and control group (Normal), and to modify the minimum diameter to obtain the aortas with different coarctation degrees. The clinical cases of pre- and post-operation are further introduced to verify the analysis. RESULTS Compared with the Normal, the vortical structures with higher swirling strength are generated and accumulated at the downstream of the coarctation segment after COA occurrence, and partially disappear in the wake of PSD formation. The sequence of λci¯ intensity is COA > PSD > Normal and pre-operation > post-operation. With increasing the degree of coarctation, the λci¯ intensity is higher and the jet-flow becomes more drastic. CONCLUSIONS The formation of PSD is caused by the vortical structures with higher swirling strength accumulating at the downstream of the coarctation segment. An increase in coarctation degree elevates the risk of PSD occurrence and even aneurysmal dilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelan Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 10083, China; School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jiehua Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Liancun Zheng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Yan SR, Sedeh S, Toghraie D, Afrand M, Foong LK. Analysis and manegement of laminar blood flow inside a cerebral blood vessel using a finite volume software program for biomedical engineering. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 190:105384. [PMID: 32062487 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hemodynamic blood flow analysis in the cerebrovascular is has become one of the important research topics in the bio-mechanic in recent decades. The primary duty of the cerebral blood vessel is supplying Glucose and oxygen for the brain. METHODS In this investigation, the non-Newtonian blood flow in the cerebral blood vessels studied. For modeling the geometry of this problem, we used Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) approach to take Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images and using an open-source software package to construct the geometry, which is a complicated one. The power-law indexes, heat flux, and Reynolds number range in the investigation are 0.6 ≤ n ≤ 0.8, 5 ≤ q ≤ 15Wm-2 and 160≤Re≤310. Effects of Reynolds number, power-law indexes and heat fluxes are investigated. RESULTS We found that the pressure drop increase with increasing the Reynolds number and power-law index. The maximum Nusselt number in the cerebral blood vessels accrued in the running position of the body in n = 0.8. Also, the highest average wall shear stress occurs in maximum power-law indexes and Reynolds number. CONCLUSION By increasing the power-law index and Reynolds number, the wall shear stress increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Rong Yan
- Institute of Smart Finance, Yango University, Fuzhou 350015, China
| | - ShahabNaghdi Sedeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
| | - Davood Toghraie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran.
| | - Masoud Afrand
- Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Loke Kok Foong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
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Yang CJ, Tsai SH, Wang JC, Chang WC, Lin CY, Tang ZC, Hsu HH. Association between acute aortic dissection and the distribution of aortic calcification. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219461. [PMID: 31295298 PMCID: PMC6622544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Aortic calcification (AC) is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events and mortality. Numerous studies have explored the association between calcification and abdominal artery aneurysm. However, evidence regarding the association between AC and acute aortic dissection (AAD) is limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between AC-related variables and the development of intimal tear (IT) in patients with AAD. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study involving 64 patients with type A AAD and 32 patients with type B AAD from February, 2011 to January, 2017 at a tertiary referral medical center in Taiwan. We used the default analysis module “calcification score analysis” to calculate all the calcification variables, including AC scores and volume. Results We identified an association between AC and AAD. Patients with AAD had a greater AC volume in the aortic arch and greater AC scores for both the ascending aorta and the aortic arch than did patients without AAD. However, hypertension and coronary artery disease, rather than AC remained to be the independent risk factor for AAD in multivariate analysis. Patients with type A AAD had greater mean and cumulative AC volumes in the aortic arch, greater cumulative AC volumes in the whole aorta and higher cumulative AC scores in the aortic arch than did patients with type B AAD. ACs were superimposed on ITs in nearly half of the patients with AAD. In patients with type A AAD, AC was more commonly located distal to the IT and farther from the IT. Conclusions We identified the associations between AC-related variables and the location of IT in patients with AAD. However, AC was not an independent risk factor for AAD. The distribution of AC was different between patients with type A and type B AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SHT); (HHH)
| | - Jen-Chun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chou Chang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zun-Cheng Tang
- Department of Biological Imaging and Radiological Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsian-He Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SHT); (HHH)
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Peng L, Qiu Y, Yang Z, Yuan D, Dai C, Li D, Jiang Y, Zheng T. Patient-specific Computational Hemodynamic Analysis for Interrupted Aortic Arch in an Adult: Implications for Aortic Dissection Initiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8600. [PMID: 31197221 PMCID: PMC6565632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The guideline for the treatment of interrupted aortic arch (IAA) in adults has not been established although most centers tend to propose surgery. There is no clear evidence for the preferred selection of surgical repair versus conservatively medical treatment for the uncertain effects of both treatments. However, reports of sporadic aortic dissection (AD) of descending aorta (DAo) in IAA in adults before surgery drew our attention. It is quite perplexing because there seems to be no risk factors for the development of AD at DAo such as long-term uncontrolled hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm or genetic disorder. In this paper, we carried out the numerical investigation on the hemodynamics in a patient-specific IAA model, which was reconstructed from computed tomography images. Hemodynamic parameters including the flow pattern, pressure distribution, and wall shear stress (WSS) indicators were obtained. The simulation revealed that the jet flows from the collateral arteries (CAs) induced risk hemodynamic forces on the lumen wall including high time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), high pressure and rapid change of WSS direction throughout the cardiac cycle. Moreover, it is found that only a jet flow which circumferentially washes out the aortic wall might cause tears on the wall. It is concluded that the specific geometrical features of the extensive major CAs might result in the risky hemodynamics leading to the initiation and development of AD in this particular IAA patient. CFD analysis in IAA can provide a clinical reference, and the results should be further studied in depth in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Peng
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chenzhong Dai
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tinghui Zheng
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Hemodynamic analysis of a novel stent graft design with slit perforations in thoracic aortic aneurysm. J Biomech 2019; 85:210-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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The Time-Domain Integration Method of Digital Subtraction Angiography Images. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2018; 2018:5284969. [PMID: 30363945 PMCID: PMC6186332 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5284969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clarity improvement and the noise suppression of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images are very important. However, the common methods are very complicated. An image time-domain integration method is proposed in this study, which is based on the blood flow periodicity. In this method, the images of the first cardiac cycle after the injection of the contrast agent are integrated to obtain the time-domain integration image. This method can be used independently or as a postprocessing method of the denoising method on the signal image. The experimental results on DSA data from an aortic dissection patient show that the image time-domain integration method is efficient in image denoising and enhancement, which also has a good real-time performance. This method can also be used to improve the denoising and image enhancement effect of some common models.
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18
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Menut M, Boussel L, Escriva X, Bou-Saïd B, Walter-Le Berre H, Marchesse Y, Millon A, Della Schiava N, Lermusiaux P, Tichy J. Comparison between a generalized Newtonian model and a network-type multiscale model for hemodynamic behavior in the aortic arch: Validation with 4D MRI data for a case study. J Biomech 2018; 73:119-126. [PMID: 29673936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Blood is a complex fluid in which the presence of the various constituents leads to significant changes in its rheological properties. Thus, an appropriate non-Newtonian model is advisable; and we choose a Modified version of the rheological model of Phan-Thien and Tanner (MPTT). The different parameters of this model, derived from the rheology of polymers, allow characterization of the non-Newtonian nature of blood, taking into account the behavior of red blood cells in plasma. Using the MPTT model that we implemented in the open access software OpenFOAM, numerical simulations have been performed on blood flow in the thoracic aorta for a healthy patient. We started from a patient-specific model which was constructed from medical images. Exiting flow boundary conditions have been developped, based on a 3-element Windkessel model to approximate physiological conditions. The parameters of the Windkessel model were calibrated with in vivo measurements of flow rate and pressure. The influence of the selected viscosity of red blood cells on the flow and wall shear stress (WSS) was investigated. Results obtained from this model were compared to those of the Newtonian model, and to those of a generalized Newtonian model, as well as to in vivo dynamic data from 4D MRI during a cardiac cycle. Upon evaluating the results, the MPTT model shows better agreement with the MRI data during the systolic and diastolic phases than the Newtonian or generalized Newtonian model, which confirms our interest in using a complex viscoelastic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Menut
- Université de Lyon, CNRS INSA-Lyon, LaMCoS, UMR5259, F-69621, France.
| | - Loïc Boussel
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220-INSERM U1206 - Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Xavier Escriva
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LMFA, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS UMR5509, France
| | - Benyebka Bou-Saïd
- Université de Lyon, CNRS INSA-Lyon, LaMCoS, UMR5259, F-69621, France
| | | | - Yann Marchesse
- Université de Lyon, ECAM Lyon, INSA Lyon, LabECAM, F-69005 Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Millon
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | | | - Patrick Lermusiaux
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - John Tichy
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
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Bonfanti M, Balabani S, Alimohammadi M, Agu O, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. A simplified method to account for wall motion in patient-specific blood flow simulations of aortic dissection: Comparison with fluid-structure interaction. Med Eng Phys 2018; 58:S1350-4533(18)30074-2. [PMID: 29759947 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a complex and highly patient-specific vascular condition difficult to treat. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can aid the medical management of this pathology, yet its modelling and simulation are challenging. One aspect usually disregarded when modelling AD is the motion of the vessel wall, which has been shown to significantly impact simulation results. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methods are difficult to implement and are subject to assumptions regarding the mechanical properties of the vessel wall, which cannot be retrieved non-invasively. This paper presents a simplified 'moving-boundary method' (MBM) to account for the motion of the vessel wall in type-B AD CFD simulations, which can be tuned with non-invasive clinical images (e.g. 2D cine-MRI). The method is firstly validated against the 1D solution of flow through an elastic straight tube; it is then applied to a type-B AD case study and the results are compared to a state-of-the-art, full FSI simulation. Results show that the proposed method can capture the main effects due to the wall motion on the flow field: the average relative difference between flow and pressure waves obtained with the FSI and MBM simulations was less than 1.8% and 1.3%, respectively and the wall shear stress indices were found to have a similar distribution. Moreover, compared to FSI, MBM has the advantage to be less computationally expensive (requiring half of the time of an FSI simulation) and easier to implement, which are important requirements for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Bonfanti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Mona Alimohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | | | - Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX, UK; University of Warwick Medical School & University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV4 7AL, UK
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Zhu Y, Chen R, Juan YH, Li H, Wang J, Yu Z, Liu H. Clinical validation and assessment of aortic hemodynamics using computational fluid dynamics simulations from computed tomography angiography. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:53. [PMID: 29720173 PMCID: PMC5932836 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemodynamic information including peak systolic pressure (PSP) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) carry an important role in evaluation and diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Since MDCTA cannot evaluate hemodynamic information directly, the aim of this study is to provide a noninvasive method based on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, derived from multi-detector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) raw data, to analyze the aortic hemodynamics in infants with CHD, and validate these results against echocardiography and cardiac catheter measurements. Methods This study included 25 patients (17 males, and 8 females; a median age of 2 years, range: 4 months–4 years) with CHD. All patients underwent both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and MDCTA within 2 weeks prior to cardiac catheterization. CFD models were created from MDCTA raw data. Boundary conditions were confirmed by lumped parameter model and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Peak systolic velocity derived from CFD models (PSVCFD) was compared to TTE measurements (PSVTTE), while the peak systolic pressure derived from CFD (PSPCFD) was compared to catheterization (PSPCC). Regions with low and high peak systolic wall shear stress (PSWSS) were also evaluated. Results PSVCFD and PSPCFD showed good agreements between PSVTTE (r = 0.968, p < 0.001; mean bias = − 7.68 cm/s) and PSPCC (r = 0.918, p < 0.001; mean bias = 1.405 mmHg). Regions with low and high PSWSS) can also be visualized. Skewing of velocity or helical blood flow was also observed at aortic arch in patients. Conclusions Our result demonstrated that CFD scheme based on MDCTA raw data is an accurate and convenient method in obtaining the velocity and pressure from aorta and displaying the distribution of PSWSS and flow pattern of aorta. The preliminary results from our study demonstrate the capability in combining clinical imaging data and novel CFD tools in infants with CHD and provide a noninvasive approach for diagnose of CHD such as coarctation of aorta in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - He Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuliang Yu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. .,College of Automation Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Ong CW, Ho P, Leo HL. Effects of Microporous Stent Graft on the Descending Aortic Aneurysm: A Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Study. Artif Organs 2016; 40:E230-E240. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Ong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National University of Singapore
| | - Pei Ho
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery; National University Health System; Singapore
| | - Hwa-Liang Leo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National University of Singapore
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Role of Pulse Pressure and Geometry of Primary Entry Tear in Acute Type B Dissection Propagation. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 45:592-603. [PMID: 27510916 PMCID: PMC5331108 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The hemodynamic and geometric factors leading to propagation of acute Type B dissections are poorly understood. The objective is to elucidate whether geometric and hemodynamic parameters increase the predilection for aortic dissection propagation. A pulse duplicator set-up was used on porcine aorta with a single entry tear. Mean pressures of 100 and 180 mmHg were used, with pulse pressures ranging from 40 to 200 mmHg. The propagation for varying geometric conditions (%circumference of the entry tear: 15–65%, axial length: 0.5–3.2 cm) were tested for two flap thicknesses (1/3rd and 2/3rd of the thickness of vessel wall, respectively). To assess the effect of pulse and mean pressure on flap dynamics, the %true lumen (TL) cross-sectional area of the entry tear were compared. The % circumference for propagation of thin flap (47 ± 1%) was not significantly different (p = 0.14) from thick flap (44 ± 2%). On the contrary, the axial length of propagation for thin flap (2.57 ± 0.15 cm) was significantly different (p < 0.05) from the thick flap (1.56 ± 0.10 cm). TL compression was observed during systolic phase. For a fixed geometry of entry tear (%circumference = 39 ± 2%; axial length = 1.43 ± 0.13 cm), mean pressure did not have significant (p = 0.84) effect on flap movement. Increase in pulse pressure resulted in a significant change (p = 0.02) in %TL area (52 ± 4%). The energy acting on the false lumen immediately before propagation was calculated as 75 ± 9 J/m2 and was fairly uniform across different specimens. Pulse pressure had a significant effect on the flap movement in contrast to mean pressure. Hence, mitigation of pulse pressure and restriction of flap movement may be beneficial in patients with type B acute dissections.
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Urbina J, Sotelo JA, Springmüller D, Montalba C, Letelier K, Tejos C, Irarrázaval P, Andia ME, Razavi R, Valverde I, Uribe SA. Realistic aortic phantom to study hemodynamics using MRI and cardiac catheterization in normal and aortic coarctation conditions. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 44:683-97. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Urbina
- School of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Julio A. Sotelo
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Electrical Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Daniel Springmüller
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, School of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Cristian Montalba
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Karis Letelier
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Cristián Tejos
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Electrical Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Pablo Irarrázaval
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Electrical Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Marcelo E. Andia
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Radiology Department, School of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Reza Razavi
- Division of Imaging Sciences; King's College London; London UK
| | - Israel Valverde
- Division of Imaging Sciences; King's College London; London UK
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Hospital Virgen del Rocio; Universidad de Sevilla; Seville Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville; Universidad de Sevilla; Seville Spain
| | - Sergio A. Uribe
- Biomedical Imaging Center; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Radiology Department, School of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
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Buchoux A, Valluri P, Smith S, Stokes AA, Hoskins PR, Sboros V. Manufacturing of microcirculation phantoms using rapid prototyping technologies. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2015:5908-11. [PMID: 26737636 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a method for the manufacturing of a microcirculation phantom that may be used to investigate hemodynamics using optics based methods. We made an Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) negative mold, manufactured in a Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) printer, embedded it in Polydimethysilioxane (PDMS) and dissolved it from within using acetone. We successfully made an enlarged three-dimensional (3D) network of microcirculation, and tested it using red blood cell (RBC) analogues. This phantom may be used for testing medical imaging technology.
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Computational Biomechanics in Thoracic Aortic Dissection: Today’s Approaches and Tomorrow’s Opportunities. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 44:71-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Alimohammadi M, Sherwood JM, Karimpour M, Agu O, Balabani S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. Aortic dissection simulation models for clinical support: fluid-structure interaction vs. rigid wall models. Biomed Eng Online 2015; 14:34. [PMID: 25881252 PMCID: PMC4407424 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-015-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management and prognosis of aortic dissection (AD) is often challenging and the use of personalised computational models is being explored as a tool to improve clinical outcome. Including vessel wall motion in such simulations can provide more realistic and potentially accurate results, but requires significant additional computational resources, as well as expertise. With clinical translation as the final aim, trade-offs between complexity, speed and accuracy are inevitable. The present study explores whether modelling wall motion is worth the additional expense in the case of AD, by carrying out fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations based on a sample patient case. METHODS Patient-specific anatomical details were extracted from computed tomography images to provide the fluid domain, from which the vessel wall was extrapolated. Two-way fluid-structure interaction simulations were performed, with coupled Windkessel boundary conditions and hyperelastic wall properties. The blood was modelled using the Carreau-Yasuda viscosity model and turbulence was accounted for via a shear stress transport model. A simulation without wall motion (rigid wall) was carried out for comparison purposes. RESULTS The displacement of the vessel wall was comparable to reports from imaging studies in terms of intimal flap motion and contraction of the true lumen. Analysis of the haemodynamics around the proximal and distal false lumen in the FSI model showed complex flow structures caused by the expansion and contraction of the vessel wall. These flow patterns led to significantly different predictions of wall shear stress, particularly its oscillatory component, which were not captured by the rigid wall model. CONCLUSIONS Through comparison with imaging data, the results of the present study indicate that the fluid-structure interaction methodology employed herein is appropriate for simulations of aortic dissection. Regions of high wall shear stress were not significantly altered by the wall motion, however, certain collocated regions of low and oscillatory wall shear stress which may be critical for disease progression were only identified in the FSI simulation. We conclude that, if patient-tailored simulations of aortic dissection are to be used as an interventional planning tool, then the additional complexity, expertise and computational expense required to model wall motion is indeed justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alimohammadi
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Joseph M Sherwood
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK. .,Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2BP, UK.
| | - Morad Karimpour
- Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Obiekezie Agu
- Vascular Unit, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU, UK.
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Vanessa Díaz-Zuccarini
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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Dabagh M, Vasava P, Jalali P. Effects of severity and location of stenosis on the hemodynamics in human aorta and its branches. Med Biol Eng Comput 2015; 53:463-76. [PMID: 25725629 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-015-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulsatile blood flow is studied in a three-dimensional model of human thoracic aorta at different stages of atherosclerotic lesion growth, taking into account the effect of atherosclerotic plaque location and peripheral symmetry. The model is reconstructed from the computed tomography images. The wall shear stress (WSS), time-averaged WSS, and the oscillatory shear index are applied to determine susceptible sites for the onset of early atherosclerosis. Then, two different degrees of stenosis severity, 50 and 80 %, are introduced to vulnerable areas of the healthy aorta geometry. The overriding issue addressed is that the WSS distribution and magnitude are strongly affected by the atherosclerotic plaque size, its symmetric features, and the location, i.e., the branch it is formed. The present study, for the first time, is capable of providing information on the high shear environment that may exist upon the rupture of plaque surface and any thrombosis due to platelet deposition. The magnitude of WSS and its distribution at the throat of 50 % stenosed aortic arch are in agreement with the previous numerical study (Huang et al. in Exp Fluids 48(3):497-508, 2010). Results show that WSS values exceed 50 Pa at the throat of 80 % stenosed left common carotid and brachiocephalic arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Dabagh
- Faculty of Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland,
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Lantz J, Renner J, Länne T, Karlsson M. Is aortic wall shear stress affected by aging? An image-based numerical study with two age groups. Med Eng Phys 2015; 37:265-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The study on hemodynamic effect of varied support models of BJUT-II VAD on coronary artery: a primary CFD study. ASAIO J 2014; 60:643-51. [PMID: 25373559 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BJUT-II VAD (Beijing University of Technology ventricular assist device II) is a novel left ventricular assist device. Because of the special connection between the pump and native heart, the hemodynamic effects of BJUT-II VAD on coronary artery are still unclear. Hence, numerical simulations have been conducted to clarify changes in hemodynamic effects of different support modes. A patient-specific left coronary arterial geometric model is reconstructed based on the computed tomography (CT) data. Three support modes, "constant speed mode," "co-pulse mode," and "counter pulse mode," are used in this study. The wall shear stress (WSS), wall shear stress gradient (WSSG), cycle-averaged wall shear stress (avWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and the flow pattern are calculated to evaluate the hemodynamic states of coronary artery. The computational results demonstrate that the hemodynamic states of coronary artery are directly affected by the support modes. The co-pulse modes could achieve the highest blood perfusion (constant speed: 153 ml/min vs. co-pulse: 775 ml/min vs. counter pulse: 140 ml/min) and the highest avWSS (constant speed: 18.1 Pa vs. co-pulse: 42.6 Pa vs. counter pulse: 22.6 Pa). In addition, both the WSS and WSSG at the time of peak blood velocity under the constant speed mode are lower than those under other two support modes. In contrast, the counter pulse mode generates the highest OSI value (constant speed: 0.365 vs. co-pulse: 0.379 vs. counter pulse: 0.426). BJUT-II VAD under co-pulse mode may have benefits for improving coronary perfusion and preventing the development of atherosclerosis; however, the constant speed mode may have benefit for preventing the development of plaque vulnerability.
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Gallo D, Gülan U, Di Stefano A, Ponzini R, Lüthi B, Holzner M, Morbiducci U. Analysis of thoracic aorta hemodynamics using 3D particle tracking velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics. J Biomech 2014; 47:3149-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yang AS, Wen CY, Tseng LY, Chiang CC, Tseng WYI, Yu HY. An innovative numerical approach to resolve the pulse wave velocity in a healthy thoracic aorta model. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2014; 17:461-73. [PMID: 22657104 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.691476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aortic dissection and atherosclerosis are highly fatal diseases. The development of both diseases is closely associated with highly complex haemodynamics. Thus, in predicting the onset of cardiac disease, it is desirable to obtain a detailed understanding of the flowfield characteristics in the human cardiovascular circulatory system. Accordingly, in this study, a numerical model of a normal human thoracic aorta is constructed using the geometry information obtained from a phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) technique. The interaction between the blood flow and the vessel wall dynamics is then investigated using a coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. The simulations focus specifically on the flowfield characteristics and pulse wave velocity (PWV) of the blood flow. Instead of using a conventional PC-MRI method to measure PWV, we present an innovative application of using the FSI approach to numerically resolve PWV for the assessment of wall compliance in a thoracic aorta model. The estimated PWV for a normal thoracic aorta agrees well with the results obtained via PC-MRI measurement. In addition, simulations which consider the FSI effect yield a lower predicted value of the wall shear stress at certain locations in the cardiac cycle than models which assume a rigid vessel wall. Consequently, the model provides a suitable basis for the future development of more sophisticated methods capable of performing the computer-aided analysis of aortic blood flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Shik Yang
- a Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering , National Taipei University of Technology , 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Road, Taipei 106 , Taiwan R.O.C
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Song M, San H, Anderson SA, Cannon RO, Orlic D. Shear stress-induced mechanotransduction protein deregulation and vasculopathy in a mouse model of progeria. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:41. [PMID: 24661531 PMCID: PMC4055145 DOI: 10.1186/scrt429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A mouse model of progeria derived by insertion of the human mutant LMNA gene (mLMNA), producing mutant lamin A, shows loss of smooth muscle cells in the media of the ascending aorta. We hypothesized that high shear stress, in the presence of mutant lamin A, induces this vasculopathy and tried to define the molecular and cellular basis for aortic vasculopathy. Methods Ascending and descending aortas from wild type (WT) and mLMNA+ mice were compared using proteomics, Western blots, PCR and immunostaining. To determine whether high fluidic shear stress, known to occur in the ascending aorta, contributed to the vasculopathy, we exposed descending aortas of mLMNA+ mice, with no apparent vasculopathy, to 75 dynes/cm2 shear stress for 30 minutes using a microfluidic system. Results When the mice were one year of age, expression of several mechanotransduction proteins in the ascending aorta, including vimentin, decreased in mLMNA+ mice but no decrease occurred in the descending aorta. High fluidic shear stress produced a significant reduction in vimentin of mLMNA+ mice but not in similarly treated WT mice. Conclusions The occurrence of mutant lamin A and high shear stress correlate with a reduction in the level of mechanotransduction proteins in smooth muscle cells of the media. Reduction of these proteins may contribute over time to development of vasculopathy in the ascending aorta in progeria syndrome.
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WAN AB NAIM WANNAIMAH, GANESAN POOBALAN, SUN ZHONGHUA, OSMAN KAHAR, LIM EINLY. THE IMPACT OF THE NUMBER OF TEARS IN PATIENT-SPECIFIC STANFORD TYPE B AORTIC DISSECTING ANEURYSM: CFD SIMULATION. J MECH MED BIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519414500171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that the progression of Stanford type B aortic dissection is closely associated with vascular geometry and hemodynamic parameters. The hemodynamic differences owing to the presence of greater than two tears have not been explored. The focus of the present study is to investigate the impact of an additional re-entry tear on the flow, pressure and wall shear stress distribution in the dissected aorta. A 3D aorta model with one entry and one re-entry tear was generated from computed tomography (CT) angiographic images of a patient with Stanford Type B aortic dissection. To investigate the hemodynamic effect of more than two tear locations, an additional circular re-entry tear was added 24 mm above the original re-entry tear. Our simulation results showed that the presence of an additional re-entry tear provided an extra return path for blood back to the true lumen during systole, and an extra outflow path into the false lumen during diastole. The presence of this additional path led to a decrease in the false lumen pressure, particularly at the distal region. Meanwhile, the presence of this additional tear causes no significant difference on the time average wall shear stress (TAWSS) distribution except at regions adjacent to re-entry tear 2. Moderate and concentrated TAWSS was observed at the bottom region of this additional tear which may lead to further extension of the tear distally.
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Affiliation(s)
- WAN NAIMAH WAN AB NAIM
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - POO BALAN GANESAN
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - ZHONGHUA SUN
- Discipline of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - KAHAR OSMAN
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | - EINLY LIM
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Caballero A, Laín S. Numerical simulation of non-Newtonian blood flow dynamics in human thoracic aorta. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2014; 18:1200-1216. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2014.887698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Wan Ab Naim WN, Ganesan PB, Sun Z, Chee KH, Hashim SA, Lim E. A perspective review on numerical simulations of hemodynamics in aortic dissection. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:652520. [PMID: 24672348 PMCID: PMC3932246 DOI: 10.1155/2014/652520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection, characterized by separation of the layers of the aortic wall, poses a significant challenge for clinicians. While type A aortic dissection patients are normally managed using surgical treatment, optimal treatment strategy for type B aortic dissection remains controversial and requires further evaluation. Although aortic diameter measured by CT angiography has been clinically used as a guideline to predict dilation in aortic dissection, hemodynamic parameters (e.g., pressure and wall shear stress), geometrical factors, and composition of the aorta wall are known to substantially affect disease progression. Due to the limitations of cardiac imaging modalities, numerical simulations have been widely used for the prediction of disease progression and therapeutic outcomes, by providing detailed insights into the hemodynamics. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing numerical models developed to investigate reasons behind tear initiation and progression, as well as the effectiveness of various treatment strategies, particularly the stent graft treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Naimah Wan Ab Naim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, KL, Malaysia
| | - Poo Balan Ganesan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, KL, Malaysia
| | - Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Imaging, Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Kok Han Chee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, KL, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Amry Hashim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, KL, Malaysia
| | - Einly Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, KL, Malaysia
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Wan Ab Naim WN, Ganesan P, Al Abed A, Lim E. Numerical simulations of flow through the aorta using both ideal and realistic geometrical models. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2012:653-6. [PMID: 23365977 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effects of curvature and tapering on the flow progression in the aorta were studied using numerical simulations on a realistic geometrical model of the aorta and three different versions of the ideal aorta models. The results showed that tapering increases velocity magnitude and wall shear stress while local curvatures affect the skewness of the velocity profile, the thickness of the boundary layer as well as the recirculation regions. Wall shear stress distribution in the aorta serves as an important determinant in the progression of arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Wan Ab Naim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Knobloch V, Binter C, Gülan U, Sigfridsson A, Holzner M, Lüthi B, Kozerke S. Mapping mean and fluctuating velocities by Bayesian multipoint MR velocity encoding-validation against 3D particle tracking velocimetry. Magn Reson Med 2013; 71:1405-15. [PMID: 23670993 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To validate Bayesian multipoint MR velocity encoding against particle tracking velocimetry for measuring velocity vector fields and fluctuating velocities in a realistic aortic model. METHODS An elastic cast of a human aortic arch equipped with an 80 or 64% stenotic section was driven by a pulsatile pump. Peak velocities and peak turbulent kinetic energies of more than 3 m/s and 1000 J/m(3) could be generated. Velocity vector fields and fluctuating velocities were assessed using Bayesian multipoint MR velocity encoding with varying numbers of velocity encoding points and particle tracking velocimetry in the ascending aorta. RESULTS Velocities and turbulent kinetic energies measured with 5-fold k-t undersampled 10-point MR velocity encoding and particle tracking velocimetry were found to reveal good correlation with mean differences of -4.8 ± 13.3 cm/s and r(2) = 0.98 for velocities and -21.8 ± 53.9 J/m(3) and r(2) = 0.98 for turbulent kinetic energies, respectively. Three-dimensional velocity patterns of fast flow downstream of the stenoses and regions of elevated velocity fluctuations were found to agree well. CONCLUSION Accelerated Bayesian multipoint MR velocity encoding has been demonstrated to be accurate for assessing mean and fluctuating velocities against the reference standard particle tracking velocimetry. The MR method holds considerable potential to map velocity vector fields and turbulent kinetic energies in clinically feasible exam times of <15 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Knobloch
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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39
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Benk C, Mauch A, Beyersdorf F, Klemm R, Russe M, Blanke P, Korvink JG, Markl M, Jung B. Effect of cannula position in the thoracic aorta with continuous left ventricular support: four-dimensional flow-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging in an in vitro model. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 44:551-8. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Konoura C, Yagi T, Nakamura M, Iwasaki K, Qian Y, Okuda S, Yoshitake A, Shimizu H, Yozu R, Umezu M. Numerical analysis of blood flow distribution in 4- and 3-branch vascular grafts. J Artif Organs 2013; 16:157-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s10047-013-0694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Inflow boundary conditions for image-based computational hemodynamics: Impact of idealized versus measured velocity profiles in the human aorta. J Biomech 2013; 46:102-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Renner J, Nadali Najafabadi H, Modin D, Länne T, Karlsson M. Subject-specific aortic wall shear stress estimations using semi-automatic segmentation. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2012; 32:481-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2012.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Renner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Linköping University; Linköping; Sweden
| | | | - D. Modin
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping; Sweden
| | - T. Länne
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences; Linköping University; Linköping; Sweden
| | - M. Karlsson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Linköping University; Linköping; Sweden
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Amabili M, Karazis K, Mongrain R, Païdoussis MP, Cartier R. A three-layer model for buckling of a human aortic segment under specific flow-pressure conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2012; 28:495-512. [PMID: 25099454 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Human aortas are subjected to large mechanical stresses because of blood flow pressurization and through contact with the surrounding tissue. It is essential that the aorta does not lose stability by buckling with deformation of the cross-section (shell-like buckling) (i) for its proper functioning to ensure blood flow and (ii) to avoid high stresses in the aortic wall. A numerical bifurcation analysis employs a refined reduced-order model to investigate the stability of a straight aorta segment conveying blood flow. The structural model assumes a nonlinear cylindrical orthotropic laminated composite shell composed of three layers representing the tunica intima, media and adventitia. Residual stresses because of pressurization are evaluated and included in the model. The fluid is formulated using a hybrid model that contains the unsteady effects obtained from linear potential flow theory and the steady viscous effects obtained from the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The aortic segment loses stability by divergence with deformation of the cross-section at a critical flow velocity for a given static pressure, exhibiting a strong subcritical behaviour with partial or total collapse of the inner wall. Preliminary results suggest directions for further study in relation to the appearance and growth of dissection in the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amabili
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Québec, H3A 2K6, Canada.
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Finite element modelling of pulsatile blood flow in idealized model of human aortic arch: study of hypotension and hypertension. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2012; 2012:861837. [PMID: 22400055 PMCID: PMC3287084 DOI: 10.1155/2012/861837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional computer model of human aortic arch with three branches is reproduced to study the pulsatile blood flow with Finite Element Method. In specific, the focus is on variation of wall shear stress, which plays an important role in the localization and development of atherosclerotic plaques. Pulsatile pressure pulse is used as boundary condition to avoid flow entry development, and the aorta walls are considered rigid. The aorta model along with boundary conditions is altered to study the effect of hypotension and hypertension. The results illustrated low and fluctuating shear stress at outer and inner wall of aortic arch, proximal wall of branches, and entry region. Despite the simplification of aorta model, rigid walls and other assumptions results displayed that hypertension causes lowered local wall shear stresses. It is the sign of an increased risk of atherosclerosis. The assessment of hemodynamics shows that under the flow regimes of hypotension and hypertension, the risk of atherosclerosis localization in human aorta may increase.
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On the Use of In Vivo Measured Flow Rates as Boundary Conditions for Image-Based Hemodynamic Models of the Human Aorta: Implications for Indicators of Abnormal Flow. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 40:729-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Lorenz R, Benk C, Bock J, Stalder A, Korvink J, Hennig J, Markl M. Closed circuit MR compatible pulsatile pump system using a ventricular assist device and pressure control unit. Magn Reson Med 2011; 67:258-68. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Brown AG, Shi Y, Arndt A, Müller J, Lawford P, Hose DR. Importance of realistic LVAD profiles for assisted aortic simulations: evaluation of optimal outflow anastomosis locations. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2011; 15:669-80. [PMID: 21409657 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2011.556628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are carefully designed, but the significance of the implantation configuration and interaction with the vasculature is complex and not fully determined. The present study employs computational fluid dynamics to investigate the importance of applying a realistic LVAD profile when evaluating assisted aortic flow fields and subsequently compares a number of potential anastomosis locations in a patient-specific aortic geometry. The outflow profile of the Berlin Heart INCOR® device was provided by Berlin Heart GmbH (Berlin, Germany) and the cannula was attached at a number of locations on the aorta. Simulations were conducted to compare a flat profile against the real LVAD profile. The results illustrate the importance of applying an LVAD profile. It not only affects the magnitude and distribution of oscillatory shear index, but also the distribution of flow to the great arteries. The ascending aorta was identified as the optimal location for the anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Graham Brown
- Group of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield, Room I108, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
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Jamison RA, Dubsky S, Siu KKW, Hourigan K, Fouras A. X-ray Velocimetry and Haemodynamic Forces Within a Stenosed Femoral Model at Physiological Flow Rates. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 39:1643-53. [PMID: 21293973 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Aidan Jamison
- Division of Biological Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Karmonik C, Bismuth J, Davies MG, Shah DJ, Younes HK, Lumsden AB. A computational fluid dynamics study pre- and post-stent graft placement in an acute type B aortic dissection. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2010; 45:157-64. [PMID: 21156714 DOI: 10.1177/1538574410389342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the capability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for quantifying hemodynamic forces pretreatment/posttreatment in type B aortic dissection (TB-AD). METHODS From CFD simulations initialized with dynamic magnetic resonance image data, wall shear stress (WSS) and dynamic pressure (dynP) changes post endovascular treatment were quantified. RESULTS After 1 year follow-up, thoracic aortic segment was completely remodeled, and persistent, nonthrombosed false lumen in the abdominal aorta was noted. Pretreatment, large WSS (>5 Pa) and dynP (>80 Pa) occurred at entrance tear and a stenotic region in the true lumen (TL). Posttreatment, WSS was lower than 3.3 Pa and dynP was lower than 55 Pa in TL, except at proximal end of the stent graft and at reentrance tear. Two focal locations of high dynP existed within the stent graft. CONCLUSIONS Computational fluid dynamics may provide quantitative assessment of hemodynamic wall forces in TB-AD potentially of interest for follow-up examinations.
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