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Wang X, Yang Y, Zhao S, Wu D, Li L, Zhao Z. Chitosan-based biomaterial delivery strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1446030. [PMID: 39161903 PMCID: PMC11330802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1446030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 80% of primary liver cancers, is the most common primary liver malignancy. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of tumor-related deaths worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 18%. Chemotherapy, although commonly used for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, is limited by systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Improving targeted delivery of chemotherapy drugs to tumor cells without causing systemic side effects is a current research focus. Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from chitin, possesses good biocompatibility and biodegradability, making it suitable for drug delivery. Enhanced chitosan formulations retain the anti-tumor properties while improving stability. Chitosan-based biomaterials promote hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, inhibit tumor angiogenesis, and improve extracellular matrix remodeling for enhanced anti-tumor therapy. Methods We summarized published experimental papers by querying them. Results and Conclusions This review discusses the physicochemical properties of chitosan, its application in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, and the challenges faced by chitosan-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Endoscopy Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wu
- First Digestive Endoscopy Department, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Saruengkhanphasit R, Ngiwsara L, Lirdprapamongkol K, Chatwichien J, Niwetmarin W, Eurtivong C, Kittakoop P, Svasti J, Ruchirawat S. Synthesis, in silico, in vitro evaluation of furanyl- and thiophenyl-3-phenyl-1 H-indole-2-carbohydrazide derivatives as tubulin inhibitors and anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2483-2495. [PMID: 39026641 PMCID: PMC11253851 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00210e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Twenty-one new indole derivatives comprising of seven furanyl-3-phenyl-1H-indole-carbohydrazide derivatives and fourteen thiophenyl-3-phenyl-1H-indole-carbohydrazide derivatives were synthesised and biologically evaluated for their microtubule-destabilising effects, and antiproliferative activities against the National Cancer Institute 60 (NCI60) human cancer cell line panel. Among the derivatives, 6i showed the best cytotoxic activity exhibiting selectivity for COLO 205 colon cancer (LC50 = 71 nM), SK-MEL-5 melanoma cells (LC50 = 75 nM), and MDA-MB-435 (LC50 = 259 nM). Derivative 6j showed the strongest microtubule-destabilising effect. Both 6i and 6j were able to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. Molecular docking simulation results suggested that these derivatives inhibit tubulin by binding at the colchicine site. The calculated molecular descriptors showed that the most potent derivatives have acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles and are favourable for oral drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungroj Saruengkhanphasit
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand +66 25541900 ext. 2629
- Center of Excellence On Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand
| | - Lukana Ngiwsara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol
- Center of Excellence On Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Jaruwan Chatwichien
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand +66 25541900 ext. 2629
- Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Worawat Niwetmarin
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand +66 25541900 ext. 2629
| | - Chatchakorn Eurtivong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University 447 Si Ayutthaya Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400 Thailand +66 26448677-91 ext. 5402
| | - Prasat Kittakoop
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand +66 25541900 ext. 2629
- Center of Excellence On Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok 10210 Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si Bangkok 10210 Thailand +66 25541900 ext. 2629
- Center of Excellence On Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok 10210 Thailand
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Yeganeh FE, Ghafuri H, Azizi M. Investigation Cytotoxicity and Curcumin Release Behavior by Pyranopyrazole-TiO 2@niosome Carrier for Breast Cancer Treatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04985-5. [PMID: 38884856 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we present a pyranopyrazole-TiO2 which is encapsulated with a niosome as nanocarrier for delivery of curcumin into breast cancer cells. Nanocarrier porous TiO2 is biocompatible and with a high specific surface area and a large pore volume and was used to carry pyranopyrazole, which has been reported as an anti-cancer. Niosome in the outer layer, helpful for loading curcumin into the niosomal layer, demonstrates a pH-dependent release and can be effective for cancer treatment. Entrapment efficiency of curcumin was found at 81.02% in carriers. The results of MTT and flow cytometry revealed that apoptosis is notably enhanced by loading curcumin on pyranopyrazole-TiO2@niosome. Also, there was high biocompatibility with MCF-10A, while exhibiting significant anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effects on MCF-7, whose cell viability was 38.79% in the loaded curcumin on carrier and was more than other samples even, than free curcumin (42.82%). Furthermore, the regulation of gene expression in cancer cells decreased the regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes and increased the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes. Finally, fluorescence activity in MCF-7 significantly increased after treatment with samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Ghafuri
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Azizi
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Khaksar S, Kiarostami K, Ramdan M. Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Cell Proliferation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis Pathways in an Animal Model of Induced Glioblastoma Multiforme. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103005. [PMID: 38759277 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In brain tumors, the complexity of the pathophysiological processes such as oxidative stress, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis have seriously challenged the definitive treatment. Rosmarinic acid (RA), as a polyphenolic compound, has been found to prevent tumor progression in some aggressive cancers. This study was designed to evaluate the anticancer effects of RA on brain tumors. METHOD Rats were divided into six groups. Implantation of C6 glioma cells was carried out in the caudate nucleus of the right hemisphere. RA at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg (i.p.) was administered to the treatment groups for seven days. Tumor volume (by MRI imaging), locomotor ability, survival time, histological alterations (by H & E staining), expression of p53 and p21 mRNAs (by RT-PCR), activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT] by assay kits), expression of caspase-3 and VEGF (by immunohistochemical analysis), and TUNEL-positive cells (by tunnel staining) were analyzed. RESULTS The results indicated that the RA at a dose of 20 mg/kg reduced the tumor volume, prolonged survival time, increased p53 and p21 mRNAs, attenuated SOD and CAT activities in tumor tissue, elevated caspase-3, and increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed less invasion of tumor cells into the normal parenchyma in rats treated with RA (20 mg/kg). CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that the ability of RA to reduce tumor volume could be related to factors that modulate oxidative stress (SOD and CAT enzymes), cell proliferation (p53 and p21), and apoptosis (caspase-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Khaksar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Kiarostami
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ramdan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Furat University, Deir-ez-Zor, Syrian Arab Republic
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5
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Calaf GM, Crispin LA, Quisbert-Valenzuela EO. Noscapine and Apoptosis in Breast and Other Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3536. [PMID: 38542508 PMCID: PMC10970989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading contributor to the age-standardized mortality rate, for both sexes and all ages worldwide. In Europe and the United States, it is the second leading cause of mortality, with an incidence rate of about 2.6 million cases per year. Noscapine, a well-known alkaloid used as a cough suppressant, demonstrated anti-tumor effects by triggering apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and has the potential to become another ally against breast, ovarian, colon, and gastric cancer, among other types of malignancy. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in the treatment of cancer. Noscapine affected BAX, CASP8, CASP9, NFKBIA, and RELA gene and protein expression in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Gene expression was higher in tumor than in normal tissue, including the BAX expression levels in lung, ovary, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; BCL2L1 expression in endometrium, colon, and stomach patients; CASP8 gene expression levels in lung, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; RELA in colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; and NFKBIA in glioblastoma patients. It can be concluded that noscapine affected genes and proteins related to apoptosis in cancer cell lines and several types of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M. Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.)
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6
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Meiners F, Hinz B, Boeckmann L, Secci R, Sueto S, Kuepfer L, Fuellen G, Barrantes I. Computational identification of natural senotherapeutic compounds that mimic dasatinib based on gene expression data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6286. [PMID: 38491064 PMCID: PMC10943199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The major risk factor for chronic disease is chronological age, and age-related chronic diseases account for the majority of deaths worldwide. Targeting senescent cells that accumulate in disease-related tissues presents a strategy to reduce disease burden and to increase healthspan. The senolytic combination of the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor dasatinib and the flavonol quercetin is frequently used in clinical trials aiming to eliminate senescent cells. Here, our goal was to computationally identify natural senotherapeutic repurposing candidates that may substitute dasatinib based on their similarity in gene expression effects. The natural senolytic piperlongumine (a compound found in long pepper), and the natural senomorphics parthenolide, phloretin and curcumin (found in various edible plants) were identified as potential substitutes of dasatinib. The gene expression changes underlying the repositioning highlight apoptosis-related genes and pathways. The four compounds, and in particular the top-runner piperlongumine, may be combined with quercetin to obtain natural formulas emulating the dasatinib + quercetin formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Meiners
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lars Boeckmann
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, University Medical Center Rostock, Strempelstr. 13, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Riccardo Secci
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Salem Sueto
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lars Kuepfer
- Institute for Systems Medicine with Focus on Organ Interaction, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Israel Barrantes
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Holczer M, Besze B, Lehel A, Kapuy O. The Dual Role of Sulforaphane-Induced Cellular Stress-A Systems Biological Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1220. [PMID: 38279216 PMCID: PMC11154497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis. When ER stress is generated, an autophagic self-digestive process is activated to promote cell survival; however, cell death is induced in the case of excessive levels of ER stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a natural compound called sulforaphane (SFN) upon ER stress. Our goal was to investigate how SFN-dependent autophagy activation affects different stages of ER stress induction. We approached our scientific analysis from a systems biological perspective using both theoretical and molecular biological techniques. We found that SFN induced the various cell-death mechanisms in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The short SFN treatment at low concentrations promoted autophagy, whereas the longer treatment at higher concentrations activated cell death. We proved that SFN activated autophagy in a mTORC1-dependent manner and that the presence of ULK1 was required for its function. A low concentration of SFN pre- or co-treatment combined with short and long ER stress was able to promote cell survival via autophagy induction in each treatment, suggesting the potential medical importance of SFN in ER stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Orsolya Kapuy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.H.); (B.B.); (A.L.)
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8
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Rah B, Shafarin J, Hamad M, Muhammad JS. Sclareol induces cell cycle arrest and ROS-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23563. [PMID: 37850667 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Sclareol (SC) has shown significant anticancer activity against breast and colon cancers among others. However, its ability to precipitate similar anticancer effects in lung cancer has yet to be investigated. To address this issue, SC-treated lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) were assessed for viability and functional competence as well as the expression of genes related to apoptosis and cell cycling. Our results demonstrated that SC treatment inhibited A549 cell clonogenic features and reduced their migration and invasion potential in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SC treatment downregulated the expression of cyclin D1 and survivin and upregulated that of p21 and p16, which was associated with a significant increase in the percentage of SubG0 cells. SC treatment is also associated with the induction of both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, as evidenced by the increased expression and splitting of PARP1 and procaspases 3 and 9 and the reduced expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Increased cell death in SC-treated cells is likely to have resulted from the induction of ferroptosis as suggested by the reduced expression of FPN and the inhibition of the anti-ferroptosis regulator GPX4. In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that SC can reduce lung carcinoma cell growth and metastasis and promote cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Rah
- Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jasmin Shafarin
- Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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9
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Singla M, Smriti, Gupta S, Behal P, Singh SK, Preetam S, Rustagi S, Bora J, Mittal P, Malik S, Slama P. Unlocking the power of nanomedicine: the future of nutraceuticals in oncology treatment. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1258516. [PMID: 38045808 PMCID: PMC10691498 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1258516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, an intricate and multifaceted disease, is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can lead to serious health complications and ultimately death. Conventional therapeutic strategies mainly target rapidly dividing cancer cells, but often indiscriminately harm healthy cells in the process. As a result, there is a growing interest in exploring novel therapies that are both effective and less toxic to normal cells. Herbs have long been used as natural remedies for various diseases and conditions. Some herbal compounds exhibit potent anti-cancer properties, making them potential candidates for nutraceutical-based treatments. However, despite their promising efficacy, there are considerable limitations in utilizing herbal preparations due to their poor solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism and excretion, as well as potential interference with other medications. Nanotechnology offers a unique platform to overcome these challenges by encapsulating herbal compounds within nanoparticles. This approach not only increases solubility and stability but also enhances the cellular uptake of nutraceuticals, allowing for controlled and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents directly at tumor sites. By harnessing the power of nanotechnology-enabled therapy, this new frontier in cancer treatment presents an opportunity to minimize toxicity while maximizing efficacy. In conclusion, this manuscript provides compelling evidence for integrating nanotechnology with nutraceuticals derived from herbal sources to optimize cancer therapy outcomes. We explore the roadblocks associated with traditional herbal treatments and demonstrate how nanotechnology can help circumvent these issues, paving the way for safer and more effective cancer interventions in future oncological practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Singla
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Smriti
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Prateek Behal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jutishna Bora
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pooja Mittal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Agri Sciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska, Brno, Czechia
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Liang C, Zhang C, Zhuo Y, Gong B, Xu W, Zhang G. 1,5,6-Trimethoxy-2,7-dihydroxyphenanthrene from Dendrobium officinale Exhibited Antitumor Activities for HeLa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15375. [PMID: 37895055 PMCID: PMC10607032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are irreplaceable reservoirs for cancer treatments. In this study, 12 phenanthrene compounds were extracted and isolated from Dendrobium officinale. Each chemical structure was identified using comprehensive NMR analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five tumor cell lines, i.e., HeLa, MCF-7, SK-N-AS, Capan-2 and Hep G2. Compound 5, 1,5,6-trimethoxy-2,7-dihydroxyphenanthrene, displayed the most significant cytotoxic effect against HeLa and Hep G2 cells, with an IC50 of 0.42 and 0.20 μM. For Hela cells, further experiments demonstrated that compound 5 could obviously inhibit cell migration, block cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase and induce apoptosis. Expression measurements for p53 indicated that knock down of p53 by siRNA could mitigate the apoptosis induced by compound 5. Therefore, the compound 5 is a potential candidate drug for HeLa cells in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Chonglun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Yinlin Zhuo
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Baocheng Gong
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Weizhuo Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; (C.L.); (Y.Z.); (B.G.)
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11
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Katebi M, Rahgozar S, Kazemi F, Rahmani S, Najafi Dorcheh S. GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T-ALL cells. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3984-3995. [PMID: 37619556 PMCID: PMC10551595 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based combination strategies have been widely considered in cancer therapy to attenuate chemotherapeutics side effects. The anti-leukemic effect of the whole ginger extract was previously portrayed by our team, and the current study is centered around the cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of a phenolic subsidiary of ginger, GingerenoneA, on pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. GingernoneA imposed, dose-dependently, inhibitory effects on the viability of T and B leukemia cell lines confirmed by MTT assays. Resistance to Dexamethasone, a mostly used chemotherapeutic in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatments, was overcome by GingernoneA. A synergistic effect of Dexamethasone and GingrenoneA on T leukemia cell lines and patient primary cells was confirmed. Annexin-V/PI and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining illustrated dose-dependent apoptosis in CCRF-CEM cells developed by GingerenoneA. The intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis induction and antiproliferative attribution of GingerenoneA were validated by western blot and qPCR. Despite the supposed loss of function in CCRF-CEM cells, TP53 showed increased expression levels and functional activity upon treatment with GingernoneA. Bioinformatic studies revealed the conceivable impact of GingerenoneA on the reactivity of mutant P53 through its binding to Cys124. Our findings may provide novel strategies for therapeutic intervention to ameliorate pALL outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Katebi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIran
| | - Soheila Rahgozar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIran
| | - Farnoosh Kazemi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIran
| | - Saeideh Rahmani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIran
| | - Somayeh Najafi Dorcheh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and TechnologyUniversity of IsfahanIran
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12
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Viegas C, Patrício AB, Prata J, Fonseca L, Macedo AS, Duarte SOD, Fonte P. Advances in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment by Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2363. [PMID: 37765331 PMCID: PMC10536303 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer represents one of the most lethal cancer types worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Due to the inability to diagnose it promptly and the lack of efficacy of existing treatments, research and development of innovative therapies and new diagnostics are crucial to increase the survival rate and decrease mortality. Nanomedicine has been gaining importance as an innovative approach for drug delivery and diagnosis, opening new horizons through the implementation of smart nanocarrier systems, which can deliver drugs to the specific tissue or organ at an optimal concentration, enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing systemic toxicity. Varied materials such as lipids, polymers, and inorganic materials have been used to obtain nanoparticles and develop innovative drug delivery systems for pancreatic cancer treatment. In this review, it is discussed the main scientific advances in pancreatic cancer treatment by nano-based drug delivery systems. The advantages and disadvantages of such delivery systems in pancreatic cancer treatment are also addressed. More importantly, the different types of nanocarriers and therapeutic strategies developed so far are scrutinized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Viegas
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana B. Patrício
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Prata
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leonor Fonseca
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana S. Macedo
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Applied Chemistry Lab—Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia O. D. Duarte
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonte
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.B.P.); (S.O.D.D.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Shahid A, Chen M, Yeung S, Parsa C, Orlando R, Huang Y. The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum prevents lung tumorigenesis induced by tobacco smoke carcinogens. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1244150. [PMID: 37745066 PMCID: PMC10516555 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1244150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (GL), commonly known as "Lingzhi", is a well-known medicinal mushroom with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity. This study examined the effects of a commercial GL product (GLSF) containing the spore and fruiting body in a 30:8 ratio on tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung toxicity and carcinogenesis. The potential chemopreventive effect of GLSF was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The non-tumorous human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were treated with GLSF extract (0.025 and 0.05 mg/mL), which significantly blocked malignant transformation induced by benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) in a dose-dependent manner. To confirm its anti-carcinogenic activity in vivo, the mice were pre-treated with GLSF (2.0 g/kg of body weight) or curcumin (100 mg/kg of body weight) by oral gavage daily for 7 days and then exposed to a single dose of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) (125 mg/kg of body weight). The GLSF-treated mice showed a significant reduction in B[a]P-induced lung toxicity, as indicated by decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity, malondialdehyde levels, inflammatory cell infiltration, and improved lung histopathology. We next determined the chemopreventive activity of GLSF in mice which were exposed to two weekly doses of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, 100 mg/kg, on the 1st and 8th days) and fed with control or a modified diet containing GLSF (2.0 g/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg) for 33 weeks. The GLSF and metformin treatments blocked NNK-induced lung tumor development by decreasing the lung weight, tumor area, and tumor burden compared to the mice exposed to NNK only. GLSF treatment also attenuated the expression of inflammatory, angiogenic, and apoptotic markers in lung tumors. Therefore, GLSF may be used for ameliorating tobacco smoke carcinogens-induced lung toxicity and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Mengbing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Steven Yeung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Cyrus Parsa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Beverly Hospital, Montebello, CA, United States
| | - Robert Orlando
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Beverly Hospital, Montebello, CA, United States
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
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Liu L, Chen M, Gao Y, Tian L, Zhang W, Wang Z. Mechanism of action and side effects of colchicine based on biomechanical properties of cells. J Microsc 2023; 291:229-236. [PMID: 37358710 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Many diseases are related to changes in the biomechanical properties of cells; their study can provide a theoretical basis for drug screening and can explain the internal working of living cells. In this study, the biomechanical properties of nephrocytes (VERO cells), hepatocytes (HL-7702 cells), and hepatoma cells (SMCC-7721 cells) in culture were detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to analyse the side effects of colchicine at different concentrations (0.1 μg/mL (A) and 0.2 μg/mL (B)) at the nanoscale for 2, 4 and 6 h. Compared with the corresponding control cells, the damage to the treated cells increased in a dose-dependent manner. Among normal cells, the injury of nephrocytes (VERO cells) was markedly worse than that of hepatocytes (HL-7702 cells) in both colchicine solutions A and B. Based on the analyses of biomechanical properties, the colchicine solution reduced the rate of division and inhibited metastasis of SMCC-7721 cells. By comparing these two concentrations, we found that the anticancer effect of colchicine solution A was greater than that of solution B. Studying the mechanical properties of biological cells can help understand the mechanism of drug action at the molecular level and provide a theoretical basis for preventing the emergence and diagnosis of diseases at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjiao Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxin Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Liguo Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
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Chawengrum P, Luepongpatthana N, Thongnest S, Sirirak J, Boonsombat J, Lirdprapamongkol K, Keeratichamroen S, Kongwaen P, Montatip P, Kittakoop P, Svasti J, Ruchirawat S. The amide derivative of anticopalic acid induces non-apoptotic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting FAK activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13456. [PMID: 37596365 PMCID: PMC10439230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Anticopalic acid (ACP), a labdane type diterpenoid obtained from Kaempferia elegans rhizomes, together with 21 semi-synthetic derivatives, were evaluated for their cancer cytotoxic activity. Most derivatives displayed higher cytotoxic activity than the parent compound ACP in a panel of nine cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds, the amide 4p showed the highest cytotoxic activity toward leukemia cell lines, HL-60 and MOLT-3, with IC50 values of 6.81 ± 1.99 and 3.72 ± 0.26 µM, respectively. More interestingly, the amide derivative 4l exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC50 of 13.73 ± 0.04 µM against the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cell line, which is the most aggressive type of breast cancer. Mechanistic studies revealed that 4l induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells through non-apoptotic regulated cell death. In addition, western blot analysis showed that compound 4l decreased the phosphorylation of FAK protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Molecular docking simulations elucidated that compound 4l could potentially inhibit FAK activation by binding to a pocket of FAK kinase domain. The data suggested that compound 4l could be a potential FAK inhibitor for treating triple-negative breast cancer and worth being further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornsuda Chawengrum
- Chemical Biology Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaorn Luepongpatthana
- Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sanit Thongnest
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jitnapa Sirirak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Jutatip Boonsombat
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand.
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Patcharin Kongwaen
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phreeranat Montatip
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasat Kittakoop
- Chemical Biology Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Chemical Biology Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of the Permanent Secretary (OPS), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI), Bangkok, Thailand
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Abdihaji M, Mirzaei Chegeni M, Hadizadeh A, Farrokhzad N, Kheradmand Z, Fakhrfatemi P, Faress F, Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Noorbazargan H, Mostafavi E. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Nanoniosome for Enhanced in vitro Delivery and Anticancer Activity of Thymol. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3459-3488. [PMID: 37396433 PMCID: PMC10314792 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s401725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is an unmet need to develop potent therapeutics against cancer with minimal side effects and systemic toxicity. Thymol (TH) is an herbal medicine with anti-cancer properties that has been investigated scientifically. This study shows that TH induces apoptosis in cancerous cell lines such as MCF-7, AGS, and HepG2. Furthermore, this study reveals that TH can be encapsulated in a Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated niosome (Nio-TH/PVA) to enhance its stability and enable its controlled release as a model drug in the cancerous region. Materials and Methods TH-loaded niosome (Nio-TH) was fabricated and optimized using Box-Behnken method and the size, polydispersity index (PDI) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were characterized by employing DLS, TEM and SEM, respectively. Additionally, in vitro drug release and kinetic studies were performed. Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative activity, and the mechanism were assessed by MTT assay, quantitative real-time PCR, flow cytometry, cell cycle, caspase activity evaluation, reactive oxygen species investigation, and cell migration assays. Results This study demonstrated the exceptional stability of Nio-TH/PVA at 4 °C for two months and its pH-dependent release profile. It also showed its high toxicity on cancerous cell lines and high compatibility with HFF cells. It revealed the modulation of Caspase-3/Caspase-9, MMP-2/MMP-9 and Cyclin D/ Cyclin E genes by Nio-TH/PVA on the studied cell lines. It confirmed the induction of apoptosis by Nio-TH/PVA in flow cytometry, caspase activity, ROS level, and DAPI staining assays. It also verified the inhibition of metastasis by Nio-TH/PVA in migration assays. Conclusion Overall, the results of this study revealed that Nio-TH/PVA may effectively transport hydrophobic drugs to cancer cells with a controlled-release profile to induce apoptosis while exhibiting no detectable side effects due to their biocompatibility with normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Abdihaji
- Department of Biology, The Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Alireza Hadizadeh
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Farrokhzad
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Zahra Kheradmand
- Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Fardad Faress
- Department of Business, Data Analysis, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Noorbazargan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Alaouna M, Penny C, Hull R, Molefi T, Chauke-Malinga N, Khanyile R, Makgoka M, Bida M, Dlamini Z. Overcoming the Challenges of Phytochemicals in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy: The Path Forward. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2350. [PMID: 37375975 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive subtype of breast cancer that lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptor expression. TNBC is thought to be produced by Wnt, Notch, TGF-beta, and VEGF pathway activation, which leads to cell invasion and metastasis. To address this, the use of phytochemicals as a therapeutic option for TNBC has been researched. Plants contain natural compounds known as phytochemicals. Curcumin, resveratrol, and EGCG are phytochemicals that have been found to inhibit the pathways that cause TNBC, but their limited bioavailability and lack of clinical evidence for their use as single therapies pose challenges to the use of these phytochemical therapies. More research is required to better understand the role of phytochemicals in TNBC therapy, or to advance the development of more effective delivery mechanisms for these phytochemicals to the site where they are required. This review will discuss the promise shown by phytochemicals as a treatment option for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alaouna
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Thulo Molefi
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Nkhensani Chauke-Malinga
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Richard Khanyile
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Malose Makgoka
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Meshack Bida
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Li Y, Zou H, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Hu H, Wu W, Wang T. Advances in the Study of Bioactive Nanoparticles for the Treatment of HCC and Its Postoperative Residual Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2721-2735. [PMID: 37250475 PMCID: PMC10216871 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s399146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma) is the third leading cause of tumor death in the world and the second leading cause in China. The high recurrence rate at 5 years after surgery also seriously affects the long-term survival of HCC patients. For reasons such as poor liver function, large tumors, or vascular invasion, only relatively limited palliative treatment is available. Therefore, effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the complex microenvironment and block the mechanism of tumor development in order to treat the tumor and prevent recurrence. A variety of bioactive nanoparticles have been shown to have therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma and have the advantages of improving drug solubility, reducing drug side effects, preventing degradation in the blood, increasing drug exposure time, and reducing drug resistance. The development of bioactive nanoparticles is expected to complete the current clinical therapeutic approach. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic advances of different nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma and discuss their potential for postoperative applications with respect to possible mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence. We further discuss the limitations regarding the application of NPs and the safety of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxu Li
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zou
- Dalian Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zekun Zheng
- Dalian Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuoheng Liu
- Dalian Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- Dalian Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Wani TA, Zargar S. Molecular Spectroscopy Evidence of 1,3,5-Tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene Binding to DNA: Anticancer Potential along with the Comparative Binding Profile of Intercalation via Modeling Studies. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081120. [PMID: 37190029 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
One of medicinal chemistry's top priorities is the discovery of new molecules with anticancer potential. Compounds that interact with DNA are an intriguing family of chemotherapeutic medications used to treat cancer. Studies in this area have uncovered a plethora of potential anticancer medicines, such as groove binding, alkylating, and intercalator compounds. The anticancer activity of DNA intercalators (molecules that intercalate between DNA base pairs) has drawn special interest. The current study investigated the promising anticancer drug 1,3,5-Tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (H3BTB) against breast and cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, 1,3,5-Tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene binds to DNA by groove binding. The binding of H3BTB to DNA was found to be significant which unwinds the DNA helix. Considerable electrostatic and non-electrostatic contributions were present in the binding's free energy. The cytotoxic potential of H3BTB is effectively demonstrated by the computational study outcomes, which include molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The minor groove binding for the H3BTB-DNA complex is supported by molecular docking research. This study will promote empirical investigation into the synthesis of metallic and non-metallic H3BTB derivatives and their potential use as bioactive molecules for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hung CM, Tsai TH, Lee KT, Hsu YC. Sulforaphane-Induced Cell Mitotic Delay and Inhibited Cell Proliferation via Regulating CDK5R1 Upregulation in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11040996. [PMID: 37189614 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research has revealed that sulforaphane (SFN) has chemopreventive properties and could be used in chemotherapy treatments. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms behind sulforaphane's (SFN) antitumor activity in breast adenocarcinoma, as observed in our studies. This research looked into the effects of SFN on mitosis delay and cell cycle progression in MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cells, two types of triple-negative breast cancer adenocarcinoma.The proliferation of the cancer cells after SFN exposure was evaluated using MTT assay, DNA content and cell cycle arrest induction by flow cytometry, and expressions of cdc25c, CDK1, cyclin B1 and CDK5R1 were assessed through qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. SFN was found to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The accumulation of G2/M-phase cells in SFN-treated cells was attributed to CDK5R1. The disruption of the CDC2/cyclin B1 complex suggested that SFN may have antitumor effects on established breast adenocarcinoma cells. Our findings suggest that, in addition to its chemopreventive properties, SFN could be used as an anticancer agent for breast cancer, as it was found to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hsin Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
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Lombrea A, Semenescu AD, Magyari-Pavel IZ, Turks M, Lugiņina J, Peipiņš U, Muntean D, Dehelean CA, Dinu S, Danciu C. Comparison of In Vitro Antimelanoma and Antimicrobial Activity of 2,3-Indolo-betulinic Acid and Its Glycine Conjugates. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1253. [PMID: 36986941 PMCID: PMC10058300 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most pressing problems in the developing world. New therapeutic agents that might be effective in treating malignancies that have developed resistance to conventional medications are urgently required. Semisynthesis is an essential method for improving the biological activity and the therapeutic efficacy of natural product precursors. Semisynthetic derivatives of natural compounds are valuable sources of new drug candidates with a variety of pharmacological actions, including anticancer ones. Two novel semisynthetic derivatives of betulinic acid-N-(2,3-indolo-betulinoyl)diglycylglycine (BA1) and N-(2,3-indolo-betulinoyl)glycylglycine (BA2)-were designed and their antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and anti-migratory activity against A375 human melanoma cells was determined in comparison with known N-(2,3-indolo-betulinoyl)glycine (BA3), 2,3-indolo-betulinic acid (BA4) and naturally occurring betulinic acid (BI). A dose-dependent antiproliferative effect with IC50 values that ranged from 5.7 to 19.6 µM was observed in the series of all five compounds including betulinic acid. The novel compounds BA1 (IC50 = 5.7 µM) and BA2 (IC50 = 10.0 µM) were three times and two times more active than the parent cyclic structure B4 and natural BI. Additionally, compounds BA2, BA3, and BA4 possess antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with MIC values in the range of 13-16 µg/mL and 26-32 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, antifungal activity toward Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 was found for compound BA3 with MIC 29 µg/mL. This is the first report of antibacterial and antifungal activity of 2,3-indolo-betulinic acid derivatives and also the first extended report on their anti-melanoma activity, which among others includes data on anti-migratory activity and shows the significance of amino acid side chain on the observed activity. The obtained data justify further research on the anti-melanoma and antimicrobial activity of 2,3-indolo-betulinic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Lombrea
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.L.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Alexandra-Denisa Semenescu
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Magyari-Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.L.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Māris Turks
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.); (J.L.); (U.P.)
| | - Jevgeņija Lugiņina
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.); (J.L.); (U.P.)
| | - Uldis Peipiņš
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.); (J.L.); (U.P.)
- Nature Science Technologies Ltd., Rupnicu Str. 4, LV-2114 Olaine, Latvia
| | - Delia Muntean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Stefania Dinu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 9 No., Revolutiei Bv., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 9 No., Revolutiei Bv., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.L.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.-D.S.); (D.M.); (C.A.D.)
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Çevik D, Erdogan S, Serttas R, Kan Y, Kırmızıbekmez H. Cytotoxic and Antimigratory Activity of Retrochalcones from Glycyrrhiza echinata L. on Human Cancer Cells. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200589. [PMID: 36448364 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic activity-guided fractionation studies on Glycyrrhiza echinata roots led to the isolation of eight compounds (1-8). Chemical structures of the isolates were identified by NMR and MS analysis. Among the tested molecules, retrochalcones namely echinatin (3) (IC50 =23.45-41.83 μM), licochalcone B (4) (IC50 =36.04-39.53 μM) and tetrahydroxylmethoxychalcone (5) (IC50 =7.09-80.81 μM) were the most active ones against PC3, MCF7 and HepG2 cells. Moreover, 5 exhibited selectivity on prostate cancer cells (SI: 5.19). Hoechst staining and Annexin V/PI binding assays as well as cell cycle analysis on the compounds 3 (23 μM) and 5 (5 and 7 μM) demonstrated that these retrochalcones induced apoptosis and significantly suppressed cell cycle in G1 and G2 /M phases. Furthermore, 3 and 5 showed antimigratory effects on PC3 cells by wound healing assay. The results indicated that tested retrochalcones most particularly 5 could be potential anticancer drug candidates that prevent proliferation and migration of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicle Çevik
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Trakya University, 22030, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Riza Serttas
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Balkan Campus, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Yüksel Kan
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, 42070, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kırmızıbekmez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755, Kayışdağı, İstanbul, Turkey
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Bhandari SV, Kuthe P, Patil SM, Nagras O, Sarkate AP. A Review: Exploring Synthetic Schemes and Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Studies of Mono-carbonyl Curcumin Analogues for Cytotoxicity Inhibitory Anticancer Activity. Curr Org Synth 2023; 20:821-837. [PMID: 36703591 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230126142238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is the major cause of death globally. Cancer can be treated with naturally occurring Curcumin nuclei. Curcumin has a wide range of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Even though it is an effective medicinal entity, it has some limitations such as instability at physiological pH and a weak pharmacokinetic profile due to the β-diketone moiety present in it. To overcome this drawback, research was carried out on monoketone moieties in curcumin, popularly known as mono-carbonyl curcumin. OBJECTIVE The present review focuses on different synthetic schemes and Mono-carbonyl curcumin derivative's Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) as a cytotoxic inhibitory anticancer agent. The various synthetic schemes published by researchers were compiled. METHODS Findings of different researchers working on mono-carbonyl curcumin as an anticancer have been reviewed, analyzed and the outcomes were summarized. RESULTS The combination of all of these approaches serves as a one-stop solution for mono-carbonyl curcumin synthesis. The important groups on different positions of mono-carbonyl curcumin were discovered by a SAR study focused on cytotoxicity, which could be useful in the designing of its derivatives. CONCLUSION Based on our examination of the literature, we believe that this review will help researchers design and develop powerful mono-carbonyl curcumin derivatives that can be proven essential for anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant Vasantarao Bhandari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.I.S.S.M.S College of Pharmacy, Near RTO, Kennedy Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pranali Kuthe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.I.S.S.M.S College of Pharmacy, Near RTO, Kennedy Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shital Manoj Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.I.S.S.M.S College of Pharmacy, Near RTO, Kennedy Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Om Nagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A.I.S.S.M.S College of Pharmacy, Near RTO, Kennedy Road, Pune, 411001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aniket Pardip Sarkate
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431004, Maharashtra, India
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KHAN UM, AADIL RM, SHABBIR MA, SHAHID M, DECKER EA. Interpreting the production, characterization and antioxidant potential of plant proteases. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.84922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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25
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Muruthi CW, Ngugi MP, Runo SM, Mwitari PG. In Vitro Antiproliferative Effects and Phytochemical Characterization of Carissa edulis ((Forssk) Vahl) and Pappea capensis (Eckyl and Zeyh) Extracts. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231187711. [PMID: 37489007 PMCID: PMC10387709 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231187711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality is a global concern. The current therapeutic approaches despite showing efficacy are characterized by several limitations. Search for alternatives has led to the use of herbal plants including C. edulis and P. capensis. However, there is limited research on antiproliferative effects of these medicinal plants. The study sought to evaluate antiproliferative effects of the plants against human breast and prostate cancers using cell viability, and gene expression assays to determine modulation of apoptotic genes. Further, Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) analyses were performed to confirm phytocompounds in the extracts. The results indicated that ethylacetate extracts of C. edulis and P. capensis had the highest activity against cancer cells with IC50 values of 2.12 ± 0.02, and 6.57 ± 0.03 μg/ml on HCC 1395 and 2.92 ± 0.17 and 5.00 ± 0.17 μg/ml on DU145, respectively. Moreover, the plants extracts exhibited relatively less cytotoxic activities against Vero cell lines (IC50 > 20 μg/ml). The extracts also exhibit selectivity against the cancer cells (SI > 3). Further, mRNA expression of p53 in the treated HCC 1395 was increased by 7 and 3-fold, whereas by 3 and 2-fold in DU145 cells, upon treatment with ethylacetate extracts of C. edulis and P. capensis, respectively. Similarly, several-fold increases were observed in the number of transcripts of Bax in HCC 1395 and HOXB13 in DU145 cells. Phytochemical analyses detected presence of phytocompounds including flavonoids, phenolics, tocopherols and terpenoids which are associated with anticancer activity. Findings from this study provide a scientific validation for the folklore use of these plants in management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Wanjira Muruthi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mathew Piero Ngugi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Steven Maina Runo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter Githaiga Mwitari
- Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research-Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya
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26
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Orabi MAA, Alqahtani OS, Alyami BA, Al Awadh AA, Abdel-Sattar ES, Matsunami K, Hamdan DI, Abouelela ME. Human Lung Cancer (A549) Cell Line Cytotoxicity and Anti- Leishmania major Activity of Carissa macrocarpa Leaves: A Study Supported by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS Metabolites Profiling and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121561. [PMID: 36559012 PMCID: PMC9784246 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer and cutaneous leishmaniasis are critical diseases with a relatively higher incidence in developing countries. In this research, the activity of Carissa macrocarpa leaf hydromethanolic extract and its solvent-fractions (n-hexane, EtOAc, n-butanol, and MeOH) against the lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) and Leishmania major was investigated. The MeOH fraction exhibited higher cytotoxic activity (IC50 1.57 ± 0.04 μg/mL) than the standard drug, etoposide (IC50 50.8 ± 3.16 μg/mL). The anti-L. major results revealed strong growth inhibitory effects of the EtOAc fraction against L. major promastigotes (IC50 27.52 ± 0.7 μg/mL) and axenic amastigotes (29.33 ± 4.86% growth inhibition at 100 μg/mL), while the butanol fraction exerted moderate activity against promastigotes (IC50 73.17 ± 1.62), as compared with miltefosine against promastigotes (IC50 6.39 ± 0.29 μg/mL) and sodium stibogluconate against axenic amastigotes (IC50 22.45 ± 2.22 μg/mL). A total of 102 compounds were tentatively identified using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the total extract and its fractions. The MeOH fraction was found to contain several flavonoids and flavan-3-ol derivatives with known cytotoxic properties, whereas the EtOAc fractions contained triterpene, hydroxycinnamoyl, sterol, and flavanol derivatives with known antileishmanial activity. Molecular docking of various polyphenolics of the MeOH fraction with HDAC6 and PDK3 enzymes demonstrates high binding affinity of the epicatechin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and catechin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside toward HDAC6, and procyanidin C2, procyanidin B5 toward PDK3. These results are promising and encourage the pursuit of preclinical research using C. macrocarpa's MeOH fraction as anti-lung cancer and the EtOAc fraction as an anti-L. major drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. A. Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University 1988, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-557-398-835
| | - Omaish Salman Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University 1988, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University 1988, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University 1988, Najran 66454, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Shaymaa Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Dalia I. Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom 32511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Abouelela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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AbouAitah K, Soliman AAF, Swiderska-Sroda A, Nassrallah A, Smalc-Koziorowska J, Gierlotka S, Lojkowski W. Co-Delivery System of Curcumin and Colchicine Using Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Promotes Anticancer and Apoptosis Effects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122770. [PMID: 36559264 PMCID: PMC9785757 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Many natural agents have a high anticancer potential, and their combination may be advantageous for improved anticancer effects. Such agents, however, often are not water soluble and do not efficiently target cancer cells, and the kinetics of their action is poorly controlled. One way to overcome these barriers is to combine natural agents with nanoparticles. Our aim in the current study was to fabricate an anticancer nanoformulation for co-delivery of two natural agents, curcumin (CR) and colchicine (CL), with a core-shell structure. Using cancer cell lines, we compared the anticancer efficacy between the combination and a nanoformulation with CL alone. Methods: For the single-drug nanoformulation, we used phosphonate groups to functionalize mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and loaded the MSNs with CL. Additional loading of this nanoformulation with CR achieved the co-delivery format. To create the structure with a core shell, we selected a chitosan−cellulose mixture conjugated with targeting ligands of folic acid for the coating. For evaluating anticancer and apoptosis effects, we assessed changes in important genes and proteins in apoptosis (p53, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) in several cell lines (MCF-7, breast adenocarcinoma; HCT-116, colon carcinoma; HOS, human osteosarcoma; and A-549, non−small cell lung cancer). Results: Nanoformulations were successfully synthesized and contained 10.9 wt.% for the CL single-delivery version and 18.1 wt.% for the CL+CR co-delivery nanoformulation. Anticancer effects depended on treatment, cell line, and concentration. Co-delivery nanoformulations exerted anticancer effects that were significantly superior to those of single delivery or free CL or CR. Anticancer effects by cell line were in the order of HCT-116 > A549 > HOS > MCF-7. The lowest IC50 value was obtained for the nanoformulation consisting of CL and CR coated with a polymeric shell conjugated with FA (equivalent to 4.1 ± 0.05 µg/mL). With dual delivery compared with the free agents, we detected strongly increased p53, caspase-3, and Bax expression, but inhibition of Bcl-2, suggesting promotion of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our findings, although preliminary, indicate that the proposed dual delivery nanoformulation consisting of nanocore: MSNs loaded with CL and CR and coated with a shell of chitosan−cellulose conjugated folic acid exerted strong anticancer and apoptotic effects with potent antitumor activity against HCT-116 colon cells. The effect bested CL alone. Evaluating and confirming the efficacy of co-delivery nanoformulations will require in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AbouAitah
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (W.L.); Tel.: +20-233371635 (K.A.); +48-22-888-0429 or +48-22-632-4302 (W.L.); Fax: +20-233371010 (K.A.); +48-22-632-4218 (W.L.)
| | - Ahmed A. F. Soliman
- Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Anna Swiderska-Sroda
- Laboratory of Nanostructures and Nanomedicine, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amr Nassrallah
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Julita Smalc-Koziorowska
- Laboratory of Semiconductor Characterization, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Gierlotka
- Laboratory of Nanostructures and Nanomedicine, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Lojkowski
- Laboratory of Nanostructures and Nanomedicine, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (W.L.); Tel.: +20-233371635 (K.A.); +48-22-888-0429 or +48-22-632-4302 (W.L.); Fax: +20-233371010 (K.A.); +48-22-632-4218 (W.L.)
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28
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Zhang S, Lu Y, He X, Su Y, Hu F, Wei X, Pan M, Zhou Q, Yang W. Lutein inhibits tumor progression through the
ATR
/Chk1/p53 signaling pathway in non‐small cell lung cancer. Phytother Res 2022; 37:1260-1273. [PMID: 37041670 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. In particular, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. Due to tumor resistance and the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, it is increasingly critical to discover novel, potent antitumorigenic drugs for treating NSCLC. Lutein, a carotenoid, has been reported to exert toxic effects on cells in several tumor types. However, the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of lutein in NSCLC remain elusive. The present study showed that lutein significantly and dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that the p53 signaling pathway was the most significantly upregulated in lutein-treated A549 cells. Mechanistically, lutein exerted antitumorigenic effects by inducing DNA damage and subsequently activating the ATR/Chk1/p53 signaling pathway in A549 cells. In vivo, lutein impeded tumor growth in mice and prolonged their survival. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the antitumorigenic potential of lutein and reveal its molecular mechanism of action, suggesting that lutein is a promising candidate for clinical NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si‐yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - You‐yi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District Wuhan China
| | - Xin‐liang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Fen Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District Wuhan China
| | - Xiao‐shan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Min‐jie Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Wei‐bing Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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Yang H, Xu S, Tang L, Gong J, Fang H, Wei J, Su D. Targeting of non-apoptotic cancer cell death mechanisms by quercetin: Implications in cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043056. [PMID: 36467088 PMCID: PMC9708708 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of cancer treatment is to kill cancer cells, based on the use of various therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapy drugs. Most drugs exert their therapeutic effects on cancer by targeting apoptosis. However, alterations in apoptosis-related molecules and thus assisting cells to evade death, eventually lead to tumor cell resistance to therapeutic drugs. The increased incidence of non-apoptotic cell death modes such as induced autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, and necrosis is beneficial to overcoming multidrug resistance mediated by apoptosis resistance in tumor cells. Therefore, investigating the function and mechanism of drug-induced non-apoptotic cell death modes has positive implications for the development of new anti-cancer drugs and therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals show strong potential as an alternative or complementary medicine for alleviating various types of cancer. Quercetin is a flavonoid compound widely found in the daily diet that demonstrates a significant role in inhibiting numerous human cancers. In addition to direct pro-tumor cell apoptosis, both in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that quercetin exerts anti-tumor properties by triggering diverse non-apoptotic cell death modes. This review summarized the current status of research on the molecular mechanisms and targets through which quercetin-mediated non-apoptotic mode of cancer cell death, including autophagic cell death, senescence, mitotic catastrophe, ferroptosis, necroptosis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lidan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jinhong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hufeng Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jifu Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Erdoğan M, Aru B, Tayğun UC, Şimşek C, Yeşilada E, Yanıkkaya‐Demirel G, Kırmızıbekmez H. Activity‐Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic Non‐Glycosidic Ester Iridoids from
Valeriana alliariifolia
Adams and Unravelling Their Cell Death Mechanisms. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200659. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Erdoğan
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Başak Aru
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Umut Can Tayğun
- Faculty of Pharmacy Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Ceren Şimşek
- Faculty of Pharmacy Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Erdem Yeşilada
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Kırmızıbekmez
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Yeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
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31
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McCartin C, Mathieu E, Dontenwill M, Herold-Mende C, Idbaih A, Bonfiglio A, Mauro M, Fournel S, Kichler A. An N-heterocyclic carbene iridium(III) complex as a potent anti-cancer stem cell therapeutic. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 367:110167. [PMID: 36087816 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a difficult to treat cellular niche within tumours due to their unique characteristics, which give them a high propensity for resistance to classical anti-cancer treatments and the ability to repopulate the tumour mass. An attribute that may be implicated in the high rates of recurrence of certain tumours. However, other characteristics specific to these cells, such as their high dependence on mitochondria, may be exploited for the development of new therapeutic agents that are effective against the niche. As such, a previously described phosphorescent N-heterocyclic carbene iridium(III) compound which showed a high level of cytotoxicity against classical tumour cell lines with mitochondria-specific effects was studied for its potential against CSCs. The results showed a significantly higher level of activity against several CSC lines compared to non-CSCs. Mitochondrial localisation and superoxide production were confirmed. Although the cell death involved caspase activation, their role in cell death was not definitive, with a potential implication of other, non-apoptotic pathways shown. A cytostatic effect of the compound was also displayed at low mortality doses. This study thus provides important insights into the mechanisms and the potential for this class of molecule in the domain of anti-CSC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor McCartin
- 3Bio Team, CAMB UMR7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, F-67401 Illkirch cedex, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Strasbourg, F-67085, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Monique Dontenwill
- Laboratoire de bioimagerie et pathologies UMR CNRS 7021 (LBP), Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, F-67401, Illkirch cedex, France
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, DMU Neurosciences, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Anna Bonfiglio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) UMR7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS 23 rue du Loess, 67083, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) UMR7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS 23 rue du Loess, 67083, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Fournel
- 3Bio Team, CAMB UMR7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, F-67401 Illkirch cedex, France.
| | - Antoine Kichler
- 3Bio Team, CAMB UMR7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, F-67401 Illkirch cedex, France.
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Obaidi I, Blanco Fernández A, McMorrow T. Curcumin Sensitises Cancerous Kidney Cells to TRAIL Induced Apoptosis via Let-7C Mediated Deregulation of Cell Cycle Proteins and Cellular Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179569. [PMID: 36076967 PMCID: PMC9455736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are the most attractive options in the treatment of different tumours, including kidney cancers. Such therapies have entered a golden era due to advancements in research, breakthroughs in scientific knowledge, and a better understanding of cancer therapy mechanisms, which significantly improve the survival rates and life expectancy of patients. The use of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) as an anticancer therapy has attracted the attention of the scientific community and created great excitement due to its selectivity in targeting cancerous cells with no toxic impacts on normal tissues. However, clinical studies disappointingly showed the emergence of resistance against TRAIL. This study aimed to employ curcumin to sensitise TRAIL-resistant kidney cancerous ACHN cells, as well as to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of TRAIL sensitization. Curcumin deregulated the expression of apoptosis-regulating micro Ribonucleic Acid (miRNAs), most notably, let-7C. Transfecting ACHN cells with a let-7C antagomir significantly increased the expression of several cell cycle protein, namely beta (β)-catenin, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)1/2/4/6 and cyclin B/D. Further, it overexpressed the expression of the two key glycolysis regulating proteins including hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1). Curcumin also suppressed the expression of the overexpressed proteins when added to the antagomir transfected cells. Overall, curcumin targeted ACHN cell cycle and cellular metabolism by promoting the differential expression of let-7C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to mechanistically report the cancer chemosensitisation potential of curcumin in kidney cancer cells via induction of let-7C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Obaidi
- NatPro Centre for Natural Product Research, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, D02 W272 Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon 51002, Iraq
- Correspondence: (I.O.); (T.M.); Tel.: +353-8-6064-2626 (I.O.); +353-1-716-2317 (ext. 6819) (T.M.)
| | - Alfonso Blanco Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Core Technology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tara McMorrow
- Centre for Toxicology, School of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (I.O.); (T.M.); Tel.: +353-8-6064-2626 (I.O.); +353-1-716-2317 (ext. 6819) (T.M.)
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Rajamohan R, Parthipan P, Nithyananthan S, Lee YR, Subramania A. Polymer-based electrospun nanofibrous mats for the cytotoxic assay on liver cancer cell line with the Cardiospermum halicacabum leaf. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kumar A, Kaur S, Dhiman S, Singh PP, Bhatia G, Thakur S, Tuli HS, Sharma U, Kumar S, Almutary AG, Alnuqaydan AM, Hussain A, Haque S, Dhama K, Kaur S. Targeting Akt/NF-κB/p53 Pathway and Apoptosis Inducing Potential of 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Bis (2-Methyl Propyl) Ester Isolated from Onosma bracteata Wall. against Human Osteosarcoma (MG-63) Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113478. [PMID: 35684419 PMCID: PMC9182111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Onosma bracteata Wall. is an important medicinal and immunity-enhancing herbs. This plant is commonly used in the preparation of traditional Ayurvedic drugs to treat numerous diseases. Inspired by the medicinal properties of this plant, the present study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative potential and the primary molecular mechanisms of the apoptotic induction against human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells. Among all the fractions isolated from O. bracteata, ethyl acetate fraction (Obea) showed good antioxidant activity in superoxide radical scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation assay with an EC50 value of 95.12 and 80.67 µg/mL, respectively. Silica gel column chromatography of ethyl acetate (Obea) fraction of O. bracteata yielded a pure compound, which was characterized by NMR, FTIR, and HR-MS analysis and was identified as 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methyl propyl) ester (BDCe fraction). BDCe fraction was evaluated for the antiproliferative potential against human osteosarcoma MG-63, human neuroblastoma IMR-32, and human lung carcinoma A549 cell lines by MTT assay and exhibited GI50 values of 37.53 μM, 56.05 μM, and 47.12 μM, respectively. In Mg-63 cells, the BDCe fraction increased the level of ROS and simultaneously decreased the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) potential by arresting cells at the G0/G1 phase, suggesting the initiation of apoptosis. Western blotting analysis revealed the upregulation of p53, caspase3, and caspase9 while the expressions of p-NF-κB, p-Akt and Bcl-xl were decreased. RT-qPCR studies also showed upregulation in the expression of p53 and caspase3 and downregulation in the expression of CDK2, Bcl-2 and Cyclin E genes. Molecular docking analysis displayed the interaction between BDCe fraction with p53 (−151.13 kcal/mol) and CDK1 (−133.96 kcal/mol). The results of the present work suggest that the BDCe fraction has chemopreventive properties against osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via Akt/NF-κB/p53 pathways. This study contributes to the understanding of the utilization of BDCe fraction in osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sukhvinder Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Prithvi Pal Singh
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (P.P.S.); (U.S.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Government Medical College and Hospital Chamba, Chamba 176310, India;
| | - Sharad Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, COVID-19 Project, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India;
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India;
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (P.P.S.); (U.S.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.D.); (S.K.)
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52266, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); or (S.K.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52266, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai Campus, Dubai 345050, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, 16059 Nilüfer, Turkey
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, India;
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (A.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.A.); or (S.K.)
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An T, Yin H, Lu Y, Liu F. The Emerging Potential of Parthenolide Nanoformulations in Tumor Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:1255-1272. [PMID: 35517982 PMCID: PMC9063801 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s355059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived sesquiterpene lactones are promising natural sources for the discovery of anti-cancer drugs. As an extensively studied sesquiterpene lactone, the tumor suppression effect of parthenolide (PTL) has been clarified by targeting a number of prominent signaling pathways and key protein regulators in carcinogenesis. Notably, PTL was also the first small molecule reported to eradicate cancer stem cells. Nevertheless, the clinical application of PTL as an antitumor agent remains limited, owing to some disadvantages such as low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Thus, nanomedicine has attracted much interest because of its great potential for transporting poorly soluble drugs to desired body sites. In view of the significant advantages over their free small-molecule counterparts, nanoparticle delivery systems appear to be a potential solution for addressing the delivery of hydrophobic drugs, including PTL. In this review, we summarized the key anticancer mechanisms underlined by PTL as well as engineered PTL nanoparticles synthesized to date. Therefore, PTL nanoformulations could be an alternative strategy to maximize the therapeutic value of PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Lu
- College of TCM, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center (SDATC), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Orchidaceae-Derived Anticancer Agents: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030754. [PMID: 35159021 PMCID: PMC8833831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Orchids are commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of infections and tumors but little is known about the actual chemical composition of these plants and their anticancer properties. In this paper, the most recent literature on orchid-derived bioactive substances with anticancer properties is reviewed. According to the published data, numerous species of orchids contain potential antitumor chemicals. Still, a relatively insignificant number of species of orchids have been tested for their bioactive properties and most of those studies were on Asian taxa. Broader research, ’including American and African species, as well as the correct identification of samples, is essential for evaluating the usefulness of orchids as a plant family with huge anticancer potential. Abstract Species of orchids, which belong to the largest family of flowering plants, are commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of infections and tumors. However, little is known about the actual chemical composition of these plants and their anticancer properties. In this paper, the most recent literature on orchid-derived bioactive substances with anticancer properties is reviewed. For the assessment, previous papers on the anticancer activity of Orchidaceae published since 2015 were considered. The papers were found by exploring electronic databases. According to the available data, many species of orchids contain potential antitumor chemicals. The bioactive substances in a relatively insignificant number of orchids are identified, and most studies are on Asian taxa. Broader research on American and African species and the correct identification of samples included in the experiments are essential for evaluating the usefulness of orchids as a plant family with vast anticancer potential.
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Stein A, Hilken née Thomopoulou P, Frias C, Hopff SM, Varela P, Wilke N, Mariappan A, Neudörfl JM, Fedorov AY, Gopalakrishnan J, Gigant B, Prokop A, Schmalz HG. B-nor-methylene Colchicinoid PT-100 Selectively Induces Apoptosis in Multidrug-Resistant Human Cancer Cells via an Intrinsic Pathway in a Caspase-Independent Manner. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:2591-2603. [PMID: 35097257 PMCID: PMC8792921 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Colchicine, the main active alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L., is a potent tubulin binder and represents an interesting lead structure for the development of potential anticancer chemotherapeutics. We report on the synthesis and investigation of potentially reactive colchicinoids and their surprising biological activities. In particular, the previously undescribed colchicinoid PT-100, a B-ring contracted 6-exo-methylene colchicinoid, exhibits extraordinarily high antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on various types of cancer cell lines like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Nalm6), acute myeloid leukemia (HL-60), Burkitt-like lymphoma (BJAB), human melanoma (MelHO), and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cells at low nanomolar concentrations. Apoptosis induction proved to be especially high in multidrug-resistant Nalm6-derived cancer cell lines, while healthy human leukocytes and hepatocytes were not affected by the concentration range studied. Furthermore, caspase-independent initiation of apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway was observed. PT-100 also shows strong synergistic effects in combination with vincristine on BJAB and Nalm6 cells. Cocrystallization of PT-100 with tubulin dimers revealed its (noncovalent) binding to the colchicine-binding site of β-tubulin at the interface to the α-subunit. A pronounced effect of PT-100 on the cytoskeleton morphology was shown by fluorescence microscopy. While the reactivity of PT-100 as a weak Michael acceptor toward thiols was chemically proven, it remains unclear whether this contributes to the remarkable biological properties of this unusual colchicinoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stein
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Corazon Frias
- Department
of Paediatric Oncology, Children’s
Hospital Cologne, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sina M. Hopff
- Department
of Paediatric Oncology, Children’s
Hospital Cologne, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Paloma Varela
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Nicola Wilke
- Department
of Paediatric Oncology, Children’s
Hospital Cologne, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Arul Mariappan
- Laboratory
for Centrosome and Cytoskeleton Biology, Institute of Human Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Alexey Yu Fedorov
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, N.I. Lobachevsky State
University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian
Federation
| | - Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Laboratory
for Centrosome and Cytoskeleton Biology, Institute of Human Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benoît Gigant
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the
Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department
of Paediatric Oncology, Children’s
Hospital Cologne, 50735 Cologne, Germany
- Department
of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Helios
Clinic Schwerin, 19055 Schwerin, Germany
- MSH
Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
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Agame-Lagunes B, Alegria-Rivadeneyra M, Alexander-Aguilera A, Quintana-Castro R, Torres-Palacios C, Grube-Pagola P, Cano-Sarmiento C, García-Varela R, García H. Bioactivity of betulinic acid nanoemulsions on skin carcinogenesis in transgenic mice K14E6. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2022. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0553201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alternative therapies for cancer treatment have been developed using bioactive compounds such as betulinic acid (BA). The objective of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of BA in its free form and compare it with its nano-encapsulated form under a skin carcinogenesis protocol in a genetically modified murine model. K14E6 and FVB mice were divided into four groups to be treated with free BA and with betulinic acid nanoemulsion (BANE). Lecithin enriched with medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) was employed as an emulsifier to prepare the nanoemulsions with a mean droplet size of 40 nm. Skin tumors were induced by exposure to DMBA and TPA directly to the transgenic mice. Tumor development was completely inhibited by BANE and by 70% with free BA. This was validated by histological sections and the gene expression of the Cdk4 and Casp8 genes.
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Ashraf W, Ahmad T, Almalki NAR, Krifa M, Zaayter L, Pizzi A, Muller CD, Hamiche A, Mély Y, Bronner C, Mousli M. Tannin extract from maritime pine bark exhibits anticancer properties by targeting the epigenetic UHRF1/DNMT1 tandem leading to the re-expression of TP73. Food Funct 2022; 13:316-326. [PMID: 34897340 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01484f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Maritime pine bark is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds and is commonly employed as a herbal supplement worldwide. This study was designed to check the potential of maritime pine tannin extract (MPTE) in anticancer therapy and to determine the underlying mechanism of action. Our results showed that MPTE, containing procyanidin oligomers and lanostane type terpenoids, has an inhibitory effect on cancer cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Treatment with MPTE also induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in human cancer cell lines (HeLa and U2OS), as evidenced by the enhanced activation of caspase 3 and the cleavage of PARP along with the downregulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Interestingly, human non-cancerous fibroblasts are much less sensitive to MPTE, suggesting that it preferentially targets cancer cells. MPTE played a pro-oxidant role in cancer cells and promoted the expression of the p73 tumor suppressor gene in p53-deficient cells. It also downregulated the protooncogenic proteins UHRF1 and DNMT1, mediators of the DNA methylation machinery, and reduced the global methylation levels in HeLa cells. Overall, our results show that maritime pine tannin extract can play a favorable role in cancer treatment, and can be further explored by the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ashraf
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
| | - Naif A R Almalki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964 CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Illkirch, France
| | - Mounira Krifa
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France. .,Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Liliyana Zaayter
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
| | | | - Christian D Muller
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178 CNRS Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Ali Hamiche
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964 CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Illkirch, France
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
| | - Christian Bronner
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964 CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Illkirch, France
| | - Marc Mousli
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
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Ma A, Jiang K, Chen B, Chen S, Qi X, Lu H, Liu J, Zhou X, Gao T, Li J, Zhao C. Evaluation of the anticarcinogenic potential of the endophyte, Streptomyces sp. LRE541 isolated from Lilium davidii var. unicolor (Hoog) Cotton. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:217. [PMID: 34863154 PMCID: PMC8643024 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic actinomycetes, as emerging sources of bioactive metabolites, have been paid great attention over the years. Recent reports demonstrated that endophytic streptomycetes could yield compounds with potent anticancer properties that may be developed as chemotherapeutic drugs. RESULTS Here, a total of 15 actinomycete-like isolates were obtained from the root tissues of Lilium davidii var. unicolor (Hoog) Cotton based on their morphological appearance, mycelia coloration and diffusible pigments. The preliminary screening of antagonistic capabilities of the 15 isolates showed that isolate LRE541 displayed antimicrobial activities against all of the seven tested pathogenic microorganisms. Further in vitro cytotoxicity test of the LRE541 extract revealed that this isolate possesses potent anticancer activities with IC50 values of 0.021, 0.2904, 1.484, 4.861, 6.986, 8.106, 10.87, 12.98, and 16.94 μg/mL against cancer cell lines RKO, 7901, HepG2, CAL-27, MCF-7, K562, Hela, SW1990, and A549, respectively. LRE541 was characterized and identified as belonging to the genus Streptomyces based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. It produced extensively branched red substrate and vivid pink aerial hyphae that changed into amaranth, with elliptic spores sessile to the aerial mycelia. To further explore the mechanism underlying the decrease of cancer cell viability following the LRE541 extract treatment, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest assays were conducted in two cancer cell lines, RKO and 7901. The result demonstrated that LRE541 extract inhibited cell proliferation of RKO and 7901 by causing cell cycle arrest both at the S phase and inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The chemical profile of LRE541 extract performed by the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of thirty-nine antitumor compounds in the extract. Further chemical investigation of the LRE541 extract led to the discovery of one prenylated indole diketopiperazine (DKP) alkaloid, elucidated as neoechinulin A, a known antitumor agent firstly detected in Streptomyces; two anthraquinones 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone (1) and epsilon-pyrromycinone (2) both displaying anticancer activities against RKO, SW1990, A549, and HepG2 with IC50 values of 14.96 ± 2.6 - 20.42 ± 4.24 μg/mL for (1); 12.9 ± 2.13, 19.3 ± 4.32, 16.8 ± 0.75, and 18.6 ± 3.03 μg/mL for (2), respectively. CONCLUSION Our work evaluated the anticarcinogenic potential of the endophyte, Streptomyces sp. LRE541 and obtained one prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloid and two anthraquinones. Neoechinulin A, as a known antitumor agent, was identified for the first time in Streptomyces. Though previously found in Streptomyces, epsilon-pyrromycinone and 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone were firstly shown to possess anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kan Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinge Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Huining Lu
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Tan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Changming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Deng X, Zhao F, Zhao D, Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Chen Q, Qiang L, Xie N, Ma J, Pan X, Wu Y, Guan L, Xie Y. Oxymatrine promotes hypertrophic scar repair through reduced human scar fibroblast viability, collagen and induced apoptosis via autophagy inhibition. Int Wound J 2021; 19:1221-1231. [PMID: 34749441 PMCID: PMC9284648 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scars are common complications of burns and trauma, resulting in mental trauma, physical pain, and a heavy financial burden for patients. Specific and effective anti‐scarring drugs are lacking in clinical practice. Phytochemicals are easily accessible, low in toxicity, and have various biological and pharmacological properties. Oxymatrine is a phytochemical that regulates autophagy networks. Autophagy is closely related to the maintenance, activity, differentiation, and life‐death of skin fibroblasts during wound repair, which results in pathological scars. We hypothesised that oxymatrine may promote hypertrophic scar repair by inhibiting fibroblast autophagy. In vitro studies showed that inhibition of autophagy by oxymatrine decreased viability and collagen metabolism, and increased apoptosis of human scar fibroblasts (HSFs). In vivo studies showed that inhibition of autophagy by oxymatrine promoted scar repair, resulting in a significantly improved final outcome of the hypertrophic scars, a smaller scar area, decreased epidermal and dermal thickness, and a significant downregulation of CK10, P63, collagen I, α‐SMA, and TGF‐β1. In summary, oxymatrine promoted hypertrophic scar repair by decreasing HSF viability and collagen, and inducing apoptosis via autophagy inhibition. This study provides a new perspective on the mechanism of hypertrophic burn scar formation, as well as key scientific data for the application of the phytochemical oxymatrine as a new method for the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Shizuishan, Shizuishan, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yongzhao Zhu
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Lijuan Qiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Beijing Engineering Lab for Cell Therapy, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxiang Ma
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoliang Pan
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yinsheng Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lifeng Guan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Cho E, Kim J, Jeong DH, Kim HW. Anticancer properties of dried-pericarp water extracts of Camellia japonica L. fermented with Aspergillus oryzae through regulation of IGFBP-2/mTOR pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21527. [PMID: 34728751 PMCID: PMC8564518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of dried-pericarp water extract of fermented C. japonicus (CJ). The dried-pericarp water extracts of CJ were fermented using Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30 °C and 35 °C. The anticancer activities of both water extracts fermented at 30 °C and 35 °C using A. oryzae against FaDu cells were remarkably changed compared with unfermented dried-pericarp water extract of CJ, which has no anticancer activity. Cleaved-PARP, caspase 3, and apoptotic cells stained with annexin V/PI were significantly increased by treatment with A. oryzae extracts fermented at 30 °C. The insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) protein level and mTOR phosphorylation by A. oryzae fermented extracts (AOFE) were dramatically reduced, and the expression levels of IGFBP-2 and phosphorylated mTOR were significantly increased depending on the glucose concentrations in FaDu cells. These results suggested that the cell viabilities in AOFE were restored as the glucose concentrations increased. Furthermore, it was confirmed LC/MS/MS that the content of gallic acid was increased by fermentation of Aspergillus oryzae (5.596 ± 0.1746 μg/mg) compared to the unfermented extract (1.620 ± 0.0432 μg/mg). Based on these results, the anticancer effect of AOFE was achieved through inhibition of the IGFBP-2/mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggest that AOFE may be a potential treatment for head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Cho
- Jeollanam-Do Forest Resource Research Institute, Naju, Jeonnam, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Gwangju Health University, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, 62287, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Jeong
- Jeollanam-Do Forest Resource Research Institute, Naju, Jeonnam, 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- Jeollanam-Do Forest Resource Research Institute, Naju, Jeonnam, 58213, Republic of Korea.
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Alshahrani MY, Rafi Z, Alabdallah NM, Shoaib A, Ahmad I, Asiri M, Zaman GS, Wahab S, Saeed M, Khan S. A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2278. [PMID: 34834641 PMCID: PMC8617663 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Rauwolfia serpentina (R. serpentina), belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is a renowned medicinal herb for its different pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative characteristics. This study has done a comparative assessment of the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity of R. serpentina aqueous leaf extract (RSALE) with encapsulated gold nanoparticles (R-AuNPs). The R-AuNPs are prepared so that they are significant in size, monodispersed, and extremely stable. Their characterization was done by numerous parameters, including UV-visible spectroscopy (528 nm), transmission electron microscopy (~17 d. nm), dynamic light scattering (~68 d. nm), and zeta-potential (~-17 mV). Subsequently, a potent antibacterial activity was depicted via RSALE and R-AuNPs when examined by disc diffusion against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The obtained zones of inhibition of RSALE (100 mg/mL) were 34 ± 0.1, 35 ± 0.1, 28.4 ± 0.01, and 18 ± 0.01, although those of R-AuNPs (15 mg/mL) were 24.4 ± 0.12, 22 ± 0.07, 20 ± 0.16, and 17 ± 0.3 against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 8114), and Streptococcus pyogenes (ATCC 19615), respectively. However, no zone of inhibition was obtained when tested against Proteus vulgaris (MTCC 1771). Furthermore, the obtained MIC values for Staphylococcus aureus were 0.91, 0.61, and 1.15 mg/mL; for Escherichia coli, 0.79, 0.36, and 1.02 mg/mL; for Bacillus subtilis 0.42, 0.27, and 0.474 mg/mL; and for Streptococcus pyogenes, 7.67, 3.86, and 8.5 mg/mL of pure RSALE, R-AuNPs, and Amoxicillin (control), respectively, incorporating that R-AuNPs have been shown to have a 1.4-fold, 2.1-fold, 1.5-fold, and 1.9-fold enhanced antibacterial activity in contrast to pure RSALE tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Proteus vulgaris, respectively. Additionally, an enhanced antioxidant potential was detected in R-AuNPs compared to RSALE evaluated by the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl Hydrazyl Radical Scavenging (DPPH) Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The determined IC 50 values of RSALE and R-AuNPs were 0.131 ± 0.05 and 0.184 ± 0.02 mg/mL, and 0.110 ± 0.1 and 0.106 ± 0.24 mg/mL via the FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively. In addition, the anti-cancer activity against the human cervical cancer (Hela) cell line was evaluated, and the MTT assay results revealed that R-AuNPs (IC50 88.3 µg/mL) had an enhanced anti-cancer potential in contrast to RSALE (171.5 µg/mL). Subsequently, the findings of this study indicated that R. serpentina leaves and their nanoformulation can be used as a potent source for the treatment of the above-mentioned complications and can be used as a possible agent for novel target-based therapies for the management of different ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (G.S.Z.)
| | - Zeeshan Rafi
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Lab-6(IIRC), Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ambreen Shoaib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (G.S.Z.)
| | - Mohammed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (G.S.Z.)
| | - Gaffar Sarwar Zaman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia; (M.Y.A.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (G.S.Z.)
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Khan
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Lab-6(IIRC), Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
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Polygodial and Ophiobolin A Analogues for Covalent Crosslinking of Anticancer Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011256. [PMID: 34681916 PMCID: PMC8537666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In a search of small molecules active against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, including glioma, melanoma, and non-small cell lung cancer, we previously prepared α,β- and γ,δ-unsaturated ester analogues of polygodial and ophiobolin A, compounds capable of pyrrolylation of primary amines and demonstrating double-digit micromolar antiproliferative potencies in cancer cells. In the current work, we synthesized dimeric and trimeric variants of such compounds in an effort to discover compounds that could crosslink biological primary amine containing targets. We showed that such compounds retain the pyrrolylation ability and possess enhanced single-digit micromolar potencies toward apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. Target identification studies of these interesting compounds are underway.
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Duarte-Olivenza C, Montero JA, Lorda-Diez CI. Effects of Berberine on the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Embryonic Limb Skeletal Progenitors. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5001-5011. [PMID: 34616169 PMCID: PMC8488050 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s324292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline plant alkaloid with demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunosuppressive pharmacological properties that functions via multiple signaling pathways and epigenetic modulators. Numerous studies have proposed BBR as a promising therapeutic agent for joint cartilage degeneration, and other connective tissue diseases. Purpose and Methods This work aimed to evaluate the effects of BBR on the growth and differentiation of embryonic skeletal progenitors using the limb mesoderm micromass culture assay. Results Our findings show that at difference of its apoptotic influence on a variety of tumor tissues, cell death was not induced in skeletal progenitors by the addition of 12 or 25 µM BBR concentration to the culture medium. Morphological and transcriptional analysis revealed dual and opposite effects of BBR treatments on chondrogenesis depending on the stage of differentiation of the cultured progenitors. At early stage of culture, BBR was a potent chondrogenic inhibitor, while chondrogenesis was intensified in treatments at advanced stages of culture. The chondrogenic promoting effect was accompanied by a moderate upregulation of gene markers of prehypertrophic cartilage, including ColXa1, alkaline phosphatase Alpl, Runx2, and Indian Hedgehog Ihh. We further observed a positive transcriptional influence of BBR in the expression of DNA methyltransferase genes, Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, suggesting a potential involvement of epigenetic factors in its effects. Conclusion Our study uncovers a new pharmacological influence of BBR in cartilage differentiation that must be taken into account in designing clinical protocols for its employment in the treatment of cartilage degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Duarte-Olivenza
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular and IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Montero
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular and IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Carlos Ignacio Lorda-Diez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular and IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39011, Spain
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Ezhilarasan D, Ali D, Varghese R. Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S423-S433. [PMID: 34586880 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211047926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sesamol is the main constituent of sesame seed oil and is obtained from Sesamum indicum. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common neoplasms affecting the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of sesamol on human oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25) cells. Human oral squamous carcinoma cells were treated with different concentrations (62.5, 125, and 250 μM/mL) of sesamol for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by 3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazol -2- yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression was investigated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. Apoptosis-related morphology was analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Caspase-9 expression was analyzed by confocal microscopic double immunofluorescence staining. Mitochondrial apoptosis-related markers are analyzed using qPCR. Sesamol treatment caused a significant cytotoxic effect in OSCC cells. Sesamol-induced cytotoxic effect was associated with intracellular ROS generation. Sesamol treatments induced a significant increase in the early and late apoptotic cells. This treatment also induced caspase-9 expression in OSCC cells. Sesamol treatments caused downregulation of Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) expression at protein and gene levels. Sesamol treatment modulates intrinsic apoptotic marker gene expression in OSCC cells. Overall results confirm the anti-cancer potential of sesamol and it seems to be a promising candidate for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Blue Laboratory, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Division, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 194347Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - D Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Varghese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, 37442University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101353. [PMID: 34680470 PMCID: PMC8533186 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. Natural products are accessible, inexpensive, and less toxic sources of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, they have multiple mechanisms of action to inhibit various targets involved in the development of drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the basic research and clinical applications of natural products as possible inhibitors for drug resistance in cancer. The molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of each natural product are also explained. Diverse drug resistance biomarkers were sensitive to natural products. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein can be targeted by a large number of natural products. On the other hand, protein kinase C and topoisomerases were less sensitive to most of the studied natural products. The studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for scientists to explore the possible use of natural products in combination anticancer therapies to overcome drug resistance by targeting multiple drug resistance mechanisms.
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Rutin Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Caski Cervical Cancer Cells via Notch- 1 and Hes- 1 Downregulation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080761. [PMID: 34440505 PMCID: PMC8400226 DOI: 10.3390/life11080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural dietary molecules such as flavonoids have been recognized for their immense potential in cancer therapeutics with several health benefits. Hes-1 and Notch-1 overexpression has been associated with the progression of cervical cancer. However, the apoptosis-inducing potential of one such potent flavanol against these two key components of the Notch signaling pathway in cervical cancer has not been elucidated to date. Therefore, in this study, we performed several in vitro assays to gain detailed insight about the apoptotic inducing effect of rutin as well as its modulatory effect on Notch-1 and Hes-1 in cervical cancer cells. The results indicated that rutin led to a dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on Caski cervical cancer cells. DAPI and Mitotracker red staining revealed that rutin induced significant apoptotic effects via caspase-3/9 activation, ROS generation, and alteration in Bax/Bcl2 mRNA expression. Cell cycle analysis resulted in the arrest of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 that was associated with a reduced expression of CDK4 and Cyclin D1. The gene expression analysis further revealed that rutin treatment decreases Notch-1 and Hes-1 mRNA expression. Altogether, these results showed that rutin showed potent anticancer effects in human cervical cancer Caski cells by triggering apoptosis, G0/G1 phase arrest, and downregulating the level of Notch-1 and Hes-1 of the Notch signaling pathway.
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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Chatupheeraphat C, Roytrakul S, Phaonakrop N, Deesrisak K, Krobthong S, Anurathapan U, Tanyong D. A Novel Peptide Derived from Ginger Induces Apoptosis through the Modulation of p53, BAX, and BCL2 Expression in Leukemic Cell Lines. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:560-569. [PMID: 33757145 DOI: 10.1055/a-1408-5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the efficacy of chemotherapy, the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs are considered a limitation of leukemia treatment. Therefore, a chemotherapy drug with minimal side effects is currently needed. One interesting molecule for this purpose is a bioactive peptide isolated from plants since it has less toxicity to normal cells. In this study, we extracted protein from the Zingiber officinale rhizome and performed purification to acquire the peptide fraction with the highest cytotoxicity using ultrafiltration, reverse-phase chromatography, and off-gel fractionation to get the peptide fraction that contained the highest cytotoxicity. Finally, a novel antileukemic peptide, P2 (sequence: RALGWSCL), was identified from the highest cytotoxicity fraction. The P2 peptide reduced the cell viability of NB4, MOLT4, and Raji cell lines without an effect on the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The combination of P2 and daunorubicin significantly decreased leukemic cell viability when compared to treatment with either P2 or daunorubicin alone. In addition, leukemic cells treated with P2 demonstrated increased apoptosis and upregulation of caspase 3, 8, and 9 gene expression. Moreover, we also examined the effects of P2 on p53, which is the key regulator of apoptosis. Our results showed that treatment of leukemic cells with P2 led to the upregulation of p53 and Bcl-2-associated X protein, and the downregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2, indicating that p53 is involved in apoptosis induction by P2. The results of this study are anticipated to be useful for the development of P2 as an alternative drug for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Chatupheeraphat
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kamolchanok Deesrisak
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sucheewin Krobthong
- Proteomics Research Team, National Omics Center, National Science and Technology for Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dalina Tanyong
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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