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Ruchala J, Sibirny AA. Pentose metabolism and conversion to biofuels and high-value chemicals in yeasts. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2020; 45:6034013. [PMID: 33316044 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentose sugars are widespread in nature and two of them, D-xylose and L-arabinose belong to the most abundant sugars being the second and third by abundance sugars in dry plant biomass (lignocellulose) and in general on planet. Therefore, it is not surprising that metabolism and bioconversion of these pentoses attract much attention. Several different pathways of D-xylose and L-arabinose catabolism in bacteria and yeasts are known. There are even more common and really ubiquitous though not so abundant pentoses, D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose, the constituents of all living cells. Thus, ribose metabolism is example of endogenous metabolism whereas metabolism of other pentoses, including xylose and L-arabinose, represents examples of the metabolism of foreign exogenous compounds which normally are not constituents of yeast cells. As a rule, pentose degradation by the wild-type strains of microorganisms does not lead to accumulation of high amounts of valuable substances; however, productive strains have been obtained by random selection and metabolic engineering. There are numerous reviews on xylose and (less) L-arabinose metabolism and conversion to high value substances; however, they mostly are devoted to bacteria or the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This review is devoted to reviewing pentose metabolism and bioconversion mostly in non-conventional yeasts, which naturally metabolize xylose. Pentose metabolism in the recombinant strains of S. cerevisiae is also considered for comparison. The available data on ribose, xylose, L-arabinose transport, metabolism, regulation of these processes, interaction with glucose catabolism and construction of the productive strains of high-value chemicals or pentose (ribose) itself are described. In addition, genome studies of the natural xylose metabolizing yeasts and available tools for their molecular research are reviewed. Metabolism of other pentoses (2-deoxyribose, D-arabinose, lyxose) is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Ruchala
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, Rzeszow 35-601, Poland.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Andriy A Sibirny
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, Rzeszow 35-601, Poland.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
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2
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Jia RR, Lv SL, Chai CY, Hui FL. Three new Scheffersomyces species associated with insects and rotting wood in China. MycoKeys 2020; 71:87-99. [PMID: 32855604 PMCID: PMC7426279 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.71.56168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three species of Scheffersomyces were identified during a diversity study of yeasts. All three are associated with insects and rotting wood in China. Phylogenetic analyses of a genomic dataset combining ITS and nrLSU revealed that these new collections are distinct from known species, thus three new species are introduced i.e. S. jinghongensis, S. paraergatensis, and S. anoplophorae. In our phylogenetic analyses, Scheffersomyces jinghongensis possesses a strong independent lineage and is closely related to S. titanus. S. paraergatensis is closely related to S. ergatensis, while S. anoplophorae is related to S. stambukii. Several differences in physiological traits and molecular data indicate that S. jinghongensis, S. paraergatensis, and S. anoplophorae are three newly identified species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Ran Jia
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Shi-Long Lv
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Chun-Yue Chai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Feng-Li Hui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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3
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Ruchala J, Kurylenko OO, Dmytruk KV, Sibirny AA. Construction of advanced producers of first- and second-generation ethanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and selected species of non-conventional yeasts (Scheffersomyces stipitis, Ogataea polymorpha). J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 47:109-132. [PMID: 31637550 PMCID: PMC6970964 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes progress in the construction of efficient yeast ethanol producers from glucose/sucrose and lignocellulose. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the major industrial producer of first-generation ethanol. The different approaches to increase ethanol yield and productivity from glucose in S. cerevisiae are described. Construction of the producers of second-generation ethanol is described for S. cerevisiae, one of the best natural xylose fermenters, Scheffersomyces stipitis and the most thermotolerant yeast known Ogataea polymorpha. Each of these organisms has some advantages and drawbacks. S. cerevisiae is the primary industrial ethanol producer and is the most ethanol tolerant natural yeast known and, however, cannot metabolize xylose. S. stipitis can effectively ferment both glucose and xylose and, however, has low ethanol tolerance and requires oxygen for growth. O. polymorpha grows and ferments at high temperatures and, however, produces very low amounts of ethanol from xylose. Review describes how the mentioned drawbacks could be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Ruchala
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Olena O Kurylenko
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Kostyantyn V Dmytruk
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street, 14/16, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Andriy A Sibirny
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland.
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Corro-Herrera VA, Gómez-Rodríguez J, Hayward-Jones PM, Barradas-Dermitz DM, Gschaedler-Mathis AC, Aguilar-Uscanga MG. Real-time monitoring of ethanol production during Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124 alcoholic fermentation using transflection near infrared spectroscopy. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:643-653. [PMID: 32624944 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of in situ near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of xylose metabolizing yeast such as Pichia stipitis for ethanol production with semisynthetic media, applying chemometrics, was investigated. During the process in a bioreactor, biomass, glucose, xylose, ethanol, acetic acid, and glycerol determinations were performed by a transflection probe immersed in the culture broth and connected to a near-infrared process analyzer. Wavelength windows in near-infrared spectra recorded between 800 and 2200 nm were pretreated using Savitzky-Golay smoothing, second derivative and multiplicative scattering correction in order to perform a partial least squares regression and generate the calibration models. These calibration models were tested by external validation (78 samples). Calibration and validation criteria were defined and evaluated in order to generate robust and reliable models for an alcoholic fermentation process matrix. Moreover, regressions coefficients (β) and variable influence in the projection plots were used to assess the results. A novelty is the use of β versus VIP dispersion plots to determine which vectors have more influence on the response in order to improve process comprehension and operability. Validated models were used in a real-time monitoring during P. stipitis NRRL Y7124 semisynthetic media fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Abel Corro-Herrera
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Food Research and Development Unit, Veracruz Institute of Technology Veracruz México
| | - Javier Gómez-Rodríguez
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Food Research and Development Unit, Veracruz Institute of Technology Veracruz México
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Nwuche CO, Murata Y, Nweze JE, Ndubuisi IA, Ohmae H, Saito M, Ogbonna JC. Bioethanol production under multiple stress condition by a new acid and temperature tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain LC 269108 isolated from rotten fruits. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kumar V, Krishania M, Preet Sandhu P, Ahluwalia V, Gnansounou E, Sangwan RS. Efficient detoxification of corn cob hydrolysate with ion-exchange resins for enhanced xylitol production by Candida tropicalis MTCC 6192. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:416-419. [PMID: 29276111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates utilization of secondary agricultural wastes for xylitol production. The highest xylan-to-xylose (70%) conversion was achieved using dilute nitric acid as catalyst followed by resin treatment. Results show that resin treatment efficiently removed nitrate salt (70%), phenolic content and 5-HMF (70%). Highest xylitol yield (85%) was achieved during fermentation using Candida tropicalis MTCC 6192 from the neutralized hemicellulosic hydrolysate medium. Good recovery (>15%) was achieved from corncob with 85% xylose to xylitol conversion during fermentation. This two-step process for transformation of agri-waste to xylitol is much simpler and it could possibly be considered for up scaling after process optimization parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 160071, India.
| | - Meena Krishania
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Pankaj Preet Sandhu
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Vivek Ahluwalia
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Laboratory of Energy Systems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rajender S Sangwan
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali, Punjab 160071, India.
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Technological Processes for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Bioethanol. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.4.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8
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Ma K, He M, You H, Pan L, Hu G, Cui Y, Maeda T. Enhanced fuel ethanol production from rice straw hydrolysate by an inhibitor-tolerant mutant strain of Scheffersomyces stipitis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04049k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel process for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass using an inhibitor-tolerant mutant strain of Scheffersomyces stipitis and cell-recycling continuous fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedong Ma
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University
- Dalian 116622
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy
| | - Mingxiong He
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Huiyan You
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University
- Dalian 116622
- PR China
| | - Liwei Pan
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University
- Dalian 116622
- PR China
| | - Guoquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Yubo Cui
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology
- Dalian Nationalities University
- Dalian 116600
- PR China
| | - Toshinari Maeda
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering
- Kyushu Institute of Technology
- Kitakyushu 808-0196
- Japan
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9
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Taxonomy and physiological characterisation of Scheffersomyces titanus sp. nov., a new D-xylose-fermenting yeast species from China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32181. [PMID: 27558134 PMCID: PMC4997322 DOI: 10.1038/srep32181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Three strains of a d-xylose-fermenting yeast species were isolated from the host beetle Dorcus titanus collected from two different localities in Henan Province, Central China. These strains formed two hat-shaped ascospores in conjugated and deliquescent asci. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis that included the nearly complete small subunit (SSU), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) rDNAs, as well as RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1) gene demonstrated that these strains represent a novel yeast species belonging to the genus Scheffersomyces. The phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the xylose reductase (XYL1) gene supported the view that the new strains could be grouped as a unique species. Although this new species is highly similar to Scheffersomyces stipitis-like yeasts in terms of nrDNA sequences and morphological and physiological characteristics, the species can be clearly differentiated from its close relatives on the basis of the sequences of XYL1 and RPB1. Therefore, a novel yeast species, Scheffersomyces titanus sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate these strains. The type strain is NYNU 14712(T) (CICC 33061(T) = CBS 13926(T)).
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10
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Senatham S, Chamduang T, Kaewchingduang Y, Thammasittirong A, Srisodsuk M, Elliston A, Roberts IN, Waldron KW, Thammasittirong SNR. Enhanced xylose fermentation and hydrolysate inhibitor tolerance of Scheffersomyces shehatae for efficient ethanol production from non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysate. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1040. [PMID: 27462488 PMCID: PMC4940357 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2713-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Effective conversion of xylose into ethanol is important for lignocellulosic ethanol production. In the present study, UV-C mutagenesis was used to improve the efficiency of xylose fermentation. The mutated Scheffersomyces shehatae strain TTC79 fermented glucose as efficiently and xylose more efficiently, producing a higher ethanol concentration than the wild-type. A maximum ethanol concentration of 29.04 g/L was produced from 71.31 g/L xylose, which was 58.95 % higher than that of the wild-type. This mutant also displayed significantly improved hydrolysate inhibitors tolerance and increased ethanol production from non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The ethanol yield, productivity and theoretical yield by TTC79 from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate were 0.46 g/g, 0.20 g/L/h and 90.61 %, respectively, while the corresponding values for the wild-type were 0.20 g/g, 0.04 g/L/h and 39.20 %, respectively. These results demonstrate that S. shehatae TTC79 is a useful non-recombinant strain, combining efficient xylose consumption and high inhibitor tolerance, with potential for application in ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srisuda Senatham
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Thada Chamduang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Yotin Kaewchingduang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Anon Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand ; Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Malee Srisodsuk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand ; Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
| | - Adam Elliston
- Biorefinery Center, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, NR4 7UA UK
| | - Ian N Roberts
- National Collection of Yeast Cultures, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, NR4 7UA UK
| | - Keith W Waldron
- Biorefinery Center, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, NR4 7UA UK
| | - Sutticha Na-Ranong Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand ; Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140 Thailand
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11
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da Silva DDV, Cândido EDJ, de Arruda PV, da Silva SS, Felipe MDGDA. New cultive medium for bioconversion of C5 fraction from sugarcane bagasse using rice bran extract. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 45:1469-75. [PMID: 25763056 PMCID: PMC4323325 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of hemicellulosic hydrolysates in bioprocesses requires supplementation as to ensure the best fermentative performance of microorganisms. However, in light of conflicting data in the literature, it is necessary to establish an inexpensive and applicable medium for the development of bioprocesses. This paper evaluates the fermentative performance of Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis and Candida guilliermondii growth in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate supplemented with different nitrogen sources including rice bran extract, an important by-product of agroindustry and source of vitamins and amino acids. Experiments were carried out with hydrolysate supplemented with rice bran extract and (NH₄)₂SO₄; peptone and yeast extract; (NH₄)₂SO₄, peptone and yeast extract and non-supplemented hydrolysate as a control. S. stipitis produced only ethanol, while C. guilliermondii produced xylitol as the main product and ethanol as by-product. Maximum ethanol production by S. stipitis was observed when sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate was supplemented with (NH₄)₂SO₄, peptone and yeast extract. Differently, the maximum xylitol formation by C. guilliermondii was obtained by employing hydrolysate supplemented with (NH₄)₂SO₄ and rice bran extract. Together, these findings indicate that: a) for both yeasts (NH₄)₂SO₄ was required as an inorganic nitrogen source to supplement sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate; b) for S. stipitis, sugarcane hemicellulosic hydrolysate must be supplemented with peptone and yeast extract as organic nitrogen source; and: c) for C. guilliermondii, it must be supplemented with rice bran extract. The present study designed a fermentation medium employing hemicellulosic hydrolysate and provides a basis for studies about value-added products as ethanol and xylitol from lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Danielle Virginio da Silva
- Departmento de BiotecnologiaEscola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSPBrazilDepartmento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elisangela de Jesus Cândido
- Departmento de BiotecnologiaEscola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSPBrazilDepartmento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Vaz de Arruda
- Departmento de BiotecnologiaEscola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSPBrazilDepartmento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Departmento de BiotecnologiaEscola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSPBrazilDepartmento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe
- Departmento de BiotecnologiaEscola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSPBrazilDepartmento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
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Singh J, Suhag M, Dhaka A. Augmented digestion of lignocellulose by steam explosion, acid and alkaline pretreatment methods: a review. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 117:624-631. [PMID: 25498680 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials can be explored as one of the sustainable substrates for bioethanol production through microbial intervention as they are abundant, cheap and renewable. But at the same time, their recalcitrant structure makes the conversion process more cumbersome owing to their chemical composition which adversely affects the efficiency of bioethanol production. Therefore, the technical approaches to overcome recalcitrance of biomass feedstock has been developed to remove the barriers with the help of pretreatment methods which make cellulose more accessible to the hydrolytic enzymes, secreted by the microorganisms, for its conversion to glucose. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass in cost effective manner is a major challenge to bioethanol technology research and development. Hence, in this review, we have discussed various aspects of three commonly used pretreatment methods, viz., steam explosion, acid and alkaline, applied on various lignocellulosic biomasses to augment their digestibility alongwith the challenges associated with their processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joginder Singh
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Botany, A. I. Jat H. M. College, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
| | - Meenakshi Suhag
- Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
| | - Anil Dhaka
- PNRS Government College, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
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Ren Y, Chen L, Niu Q, Hui F. Description of Scheffersomyces henanensis sp. nov., a new D-xylose-fermenting yeast species isolated from rotten wood. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92315. [PMID: 24647466 PMCID: PMC3960237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two strains of a D-xylose-fermenting yeast species were isolated from rotten wood samples collected from the Baotianman Nature Reserve in Henan Province, central China. These strains formed hat-shaped ascospores in conjugated and deliquescent asci. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis that included the nearly complete small subunit (SSU), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA genes, as well as RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1) gene demonstrated that the two strains represent a novel yeast species closely related to Scheffersomyces segobiensis. A sequence comparison of xylose reductase (XYL1) gene, which was recently recommended for rapid identification of cryptic species in the Scheffersomyces clade, revealed a significant sequence divergence of 25 nucleotides between the novel strains and their closest relative S. segobiensis, supporting their classification as a distinct species. Furthermore, these new strains can be clearly distinguished from S. segobiensis by a number of morphological and physiological characteristics. Therefore, a novel yeast species, Scheffersomyces henanensis sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate these strains. The type strain is BY-41T ( = CICC 1974T = CBS 12475T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, PR China
| | - Qiuhong Niu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, PR China
| | - Fengli Hui
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, PR China
- * E-mail:
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14
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Negro MJ, Alvarez C, Ballesteros I, Romero I, Ballesteros M, Castro E, Manzanares P, Moya M, Oliva JM. Ethanol production from glucose and xylose obtained from steam exploded water-extracted olive tree pruning using phosphoric acid as catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 153:101-107. [PMID: 24345569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of phosphoric acid (1% w/w) in steam explosion pretreatment of water extracted olive tree pruning at 175°C and 195°C was evaluated. The objective is to produce ethanol from all sugars (mainly glucose and xylose) contained in the pretreated material. The water insoluble fraction obtained after pretreatment was used as substrate in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process by a commercial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The liquid fraction, containing mainly xylose, was detoxified by alkali and ion-exchange resin and then fermented by the xylose fermenting yeast Scheffersomyces stipitis. Ethanol yields reached in a SSF process were close to 80% when using 15% (w/w) substrate consistency and about 70% of theoretical when using prehydrolysates detoxified by ion-exchange resins. Considering sugars recovery and ethanol yields about 160g of ethanol from kg of water extracted olive tree pruning could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Negro
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Alvarez
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Ballesteros
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Romero
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaen, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - M Ballesteros
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaen, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - P Manzanares
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaen, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - J M Oliva
- Biofuels Unit, DER-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Biswas R, Uellendahl H, Ahring BK. Conversion of C6 and C5 sugars in undetoxified wet exploded bagasse hydrolysates using Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis CBS6054. AMB Express 2013; 3:42. [PMID: 23895663 PMCID: PMC3750711 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-3-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse is a potential feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production, rich in both glucan and xylan. This stresses the importance of utilizing both C6 and C5 sugars for conversion into ethanol in order to improve the process economics. During processing of the hydrolysate degradation products such as acetate, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural are formed, which are known to inhibit microbial growth at higher concentrations. In the current study, conversion of both glucose and xylose sugars into ethanol in wet exploded bagasse hydrolysates was investigated without detoxification using Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis CBS6054, a native xylose utilizing yeast strain. The sugar utilization ratio and ethanol yield (Yp/s) ranged from 88-100% and 0.33-0.41 ± 0.02 g/g, respectively, in all the hydrolysates tested. Hydrolysate after wet explosion at 185°C and 6 bar O2, composed of mixed sugars (glucose and xylose) and inhibitors such as acetate, HMF and furfural at concentrations of 3.2 ± 0.1, 0.4 and 0.5 g/l, respectively, exhibited highest cell growth rate of 0.079 g/l/h and an ethanol yield of 0.39 ± 0.02 g/g sugar converted. Scheffersomyces stipitis exhibited prolonged fermentation time on bagasse hydrolysate after wet explosion at 200°C and 6 bar O2 where the inhibitors concentration was further increased. Nonetheless, ethanol was produced up to 18.7 ± 1.1 g/l resulting in a yield of 0.38 ± 0.02 g/g after 82 h of fermentation.
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16
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Evaluation of hardboard manufacturing process wastewater as a feedstream for ethanol production. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:671-7. [PMID: 23604526 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Waste streams from the wood processing industry can serve as feedstream for ethanol production from biomass residues. Hardboard manufacturing process wastewater (HPW) was evaluated on the basis of monomeric sugar recovery and fermentability as a novel feedstream for ethanol production. Dilute acid hydrolysis, coupled with concentration of the wastewater resulted in a hydrolysate with 66 g/l total fermentable sugars. As xylose accounted for 53 % of the total sugars, native xylose-fermenting yeasts were evaluated for their ability to produce ethanol from the hydrolysate. The strains selected were, in decreasing order by ethanol yields from xylose (Y p/s, based on consumed sugars), Scheffersomyces stipitis ATCC 58785 (CBS 6054), Pachysolen tannophilus ATCC 60393, and Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 46537. The yeasts were compared on the basis of substrate utilization and ethanol yield during fermentations of the hydrolysate, measured using an HPLC. S. stipitis, P. tannophilus, and K. marxianus produced 0.34, 0.31, and 0.36 g/g, respectively. The yeasts were able to utilize between 58 and 75 % of the available substrate. S. stipitis outperformed the other yeast during the fermentation of the hydrolysate; consuming the highest concentration of available substrate and producing the highest ethanol concentration in 72 h. Due to its high sugar content and low inhibitor levels after hydrolysis, it was concluded that HPW is a suitable feedstream for ethanol production by S. stipitis.
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17
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Urbina H, Frank R, Blackwell M. Scheffersomyces cryptocercus: a new xylose-fermenting yeast associated with the gut of wood roaches and new combinations in the Sugiyamaella yeast clade. Mycologia 2012; 105:650-60. [PMID: 23233509 DOI: 10.3852/12-094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The gut of wood-feeding insects is a microhabitat for a specialized community of microbes, including bacteria and several groups of eukaryotes such as nematodes, parabasalids and fungi. The characterization of gut yeast communities from a variety of insects has shown that certain yeasts often are associated with the insects. The gut of wood-feeding insects is rich in ascomycete yeasts and in particular xylose-fermenting (X-F) and assimilating yeasts have been consistently present in the gut of lignicolous insects. The objective of this study was the characterization of the yeast flora from the gut of the wood roach Cryptocercus sp. (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae). Five wood roaches were collected along the Appalachian Trail near the border between Tennessee and North Carolina, USA. We isolated 18 yeast strains from the wood roaches identified as Sugiyamaella paludigena and Sugiyamaella lignohabitans, xylose-assimilating yeasts, and Scheffersomyces cryptocercus (NRRL Y-48824(T) = CBS 12658) a new species of X-F yeast. The presence of X-F and certain non X-F yeasts in the gut of the subsocial wood roach Cryptocercus sp. extends the previous findings of associations between certain ascomycete yeasts and lignicolous insects. New combinations were made for 13 asexual members of the Sugiyamaella clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Urbina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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18
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Lin TH, Huang CF, Guo GL, Hwang WS, Huang SL. Pilot-scale ethanol production from rice straw hydrolysates using xylose-fermenting Pichia stipitis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 116:314-319. [PMID: 22537402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol was produced at pilot scale from rice straw hydrolysates using a Pichia stipitis strain previously adapted to NaOH-neutralized hydrolysates. The highest ethanol yield was 0.44 ± 0.02 g(p)/g(s) at an aeration rate of 0.05 vvm using overliming-detoxified hydrolysates. The yield with hydrolysates conditioned by ammonia and NaOH was 0.39 ± 0.01 and 0.34 ± 0.01 g(p)/g(s), respectively, were achieved at the same aeration rate. The actual ethanol yield from hydrolysate fermentation with ammonia neutralization was similar to that with overliming hydrolysate after taking into account the xylose loss resulting from these conditioning processes. Moreover, the ethanol yield from ammonia-neutralized hydrolysates could be further enhanced by increasing the initial cell density by two-fold or reducing the combined concentration of furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural to 0.6g/L by reducing the severity of operational conditions in pretreatment. This study demonstrated the potential for commercial ethanol production from rice straw via xylose fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, No 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan, ROC
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19
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Ethanol Production from Nondetoxified Dilute-Acid Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate by Cocultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5 and Pichia stipitis CBS6054. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2012:656371. [PMID: 22792472 PMCID: PMC3389643 DOI: 10.1155/2012/656371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5 (CGMCC no. 2660) and Issatchenkia orientalis Y4 (CGMCC no. 2159) were combined individually with Pichia stipitis CBS6054 to establish the cocultures of Y5 + CBS6054 and Y4 + CBS6054. The coculture Y5 + CBS6054 effectively metabolized furfural and HMF and converted xylose and glucose mixture to ethanol with ethanol concentration of 16.6 g/L and ethanol yield of 0.46 g ethanol/g sugar, corresponding to 91.2% of the maximal theoretical value in synthetic medium. Accordingly, the nondetoxified dilute-acid hydrolysate was used to produce ethanol by co-culture Y5 + CBS6054. The co-culture consumed glucose along with furfural and HMF completely in 12 h, and all xylose within 96 h, resulting in a final ethanol concentration of 27.4 g/L and ethanol yield of 0.43 g ethanol/g sugar, corresponding to 85.1% of the maximal theoretical value. The results indicated that the co-culture of Y5 + CBS6054 was a satisfying combination for ethanol production from non-detoxified dilute-acid lignocellulosic hydrolysates. This co-culture showed a promising prospect for industrial application.
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20
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Urbina H, Blackwell M. Multilocus phylogenetic study of the Scheffersomyces yeast clade and characterization of the N-terminal region of xylose reductase gene. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39128. [PMID: 22720049 PMCID: PMC3375246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Many of the known xylose-fermenting (X-F) yeasts are placed in the Scheffersomyces clade, a group of ascomycete yeasts that have been isolated from plant tissues and in association with lignicolous insects. We formally recognize fourteen species in this clade based on a maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis using a multilocus dataset. This clade is divided into three subclades, each of which exhibits the biochemical ability to ferment cellobiose or xylose. New combinations are made for seven species of Candida in the clade, and three X-F taxa associated with rotted hardwood are described: Scheffersomyces illinoinensis (type strain NRRL Y-48827(T) = CBS 12624), Scheffersomyces quercinus (type strain NRRL Y-48825(T) = CBS 12625), and Scheffersomyces virginianus (type strain NRRL Y-48822(T) = CBS 12626). The new X-F species are distinctive based on their position in the multilocus phylogenetic analysis and biochemical and morphological characters. The molecular characterization of xylose reductase (XR) indicates that the regions surrounding the conserved domain contain mutations that may enhance the performance of the enzyme in X-F yeasts. The phylogenetic reconstruction using XYL1 or RPB1 was identical to the multilocus analysis, and these loci have potential for rapid identification of cryptic species in this clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Urbina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Meredith Blackwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
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21
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Bellido C, Bolado S, Coca M, Lucas S, González-Benito G, García-Cubero MT. Effect of inhibitors formed during wheat straw pretreatment on ethanol fermentation by Pichia stipitis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:10868-74. [PMID: 21983414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of the main inhibitors (acetic acid, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) formed during steam explosion of wheat straw was studied through ethanol fermentations of model substrates and hydrolysates from wheat straw by Pichia stipitis. Experimental results showed that an increase in acetic acid concentration led to a reduction in ethanol productivity and complete inhibition was observed at 3.5 g/L. Furfural produced a delay on sugar consumption rates with increasing concentration and HMF did not exert a significant effect. Fermentations of the whole slurry from steam exploded wheat straw were completely inhibited by a synergistic effect due to the presence of 1.5 g/L acetic acid, 0.15 g/L furfural and 0.05 g/L HMF together with solid fraction. When using only the solid fraction from steam explosion, hydrolysates presented 0.5 g/L of acetic acid, whose fermentations have submitted promising results, providing an ethanol yield of 0.45 g ethanol/g sugars and the final ethanol concentration reached was 12.2 g/L (10.9 g ethanol/100 g DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bellido
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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22
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Random UV-C mutagenesis of Scheffersomyces (formerly Pichia) stipitis NRRL Y-7124 to improve anaerobic growth on lignocellulosic sugars. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 39:163-73. [PMID: 21748309 PMCID: PMC3249541 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scheffersomyces (formerly Pichia) stipitis NRRL Y-7124 was mutagenized using UV-C irradiation to produce yeast strains for anaerobic conversion of lignocellulosic sugars to ethanol. UV-C irradiation potentially produces large numbers of random mutations broadly and uniformly over the whole genome to generate unique strains. Wild-type cultures of S. stipitis NRRL Y-7124 were subjected to UV-C (234 nm) irradiation targeted at approximately 40% cell survival. When surviving cells were selected in sufficient numbers via automated plating strategies and cultured anaerobically on xylose medium for 5 months at 28°C, five novel mutagenized S. stipitis strains were obtained. Variable number tandem repeat analysis revealed that mutations had occurred in the genome, which may have produced genes that allowed the anaerobic utilization of xylose. The mutagenized strains were capable of growing anaerobically on xylose/glucose substrate with higher ethanol production during 250- to 500-h growth than a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain that is the standard for industrial fuel ethanol production. The S. stipitis strains resulting from this intense multigene mutagenesis strategy have potential application in industrial fuel ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates.
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23
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Cho DH, Shin SJ, Bae Y, Park C, Kim YH. Ethanol production from acid hydrolysates based on the construction and demolition wood waste using Pichia stipitis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4439-4443. [PMID: 21251816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of ethanol production from the construction and demolition (C&D) wood waste acid hydrolysates was investigated. The chemical compositions of the classified C&D wood waste were analyzed. Concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis was used to obtain the saccharide hydrolysates and the inhibitors in the hydrolysates were also analyzed. The C&D wood waste composed of lumber, plywood, particleboard, and medium density fiberboard (MDF) had polysaccharide (cellulose, xylan, and glucomannan) fractions of 60.7-67.9%. The sugar composition (glucose, xylose, and mannose) of the C&D wood wastes varied according to the type of wood. The additives used in the wood processing did not appear to be released into the saccharide solution under acid hydrolysis. Although some fermentation inhibitors were detected in the hydrolysates, they did not affect the ethanol production by Pichia stipitis. The hexose sugar-based ethanol yield and ethanol yield efficiency were 0.42-0.46 g ethanol/g substrate and 84.7-90.7%, respectively. Therefore, the C&D wood wastes dumped in landfill sites could be used as a raw material feedstock for the production of bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Haeng Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Republic of Korea
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24
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Effect of controlled oxygen limitation on Candida shehatae physiology for ethanol production from xylose and glucose. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:437-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Inhibition of Pichia stipitis fermentation of hydrolysates from olive tree cuttings. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-9966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Li Y, Zhang Z, Lei Z, Yang Y, Utsumi M, Sugiura N. Influence of metal addition on ethanol production with Pichia stipitis ATCC 58784. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 36:491-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Agbogbo FK, Coward-Kelly G. Cellulosic ethanol production using the naturally occurring xylose-fermenting yeast, Pichia stipitis. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:1515-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Agbogbo FK, Wenger KS. Production of ethanol from corn stover hemicellulose hydrolyzate using Pichia stipitis. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 34:723-7. [PMID: 17710458 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-007-0247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hemicellulose liquid hydrolyzate from dilute acid pretreated corn stover was fermented to ethanol using Pichia stipitis CBS 6054. The fermentation rate increased with aeration but the pH also increased due to consumption of acetic acid by Pichia stipitis. Hemicellulose hydrolyzate containing 34 g/L xylose, 8 g/L glucose, 8 g/L Acetic acid, 0.73 g/L furfural, and 1 g/L hydroxymethyl furfural was fermented to 15 g/L ethanol in 72 h. The yield in all the hemicellulose hydrolyzates was 0.37-0.44 g ethanol/g (glucose + xylose). Nondetoxified hemicellulose hydrolyzate from dilute acid pretreated corn stover was fermented to ethanol with high yields, and this has the potential to improve the economics of the biomass to ethanol process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank K Agbogbo
- Novozymes North America Inc, 77 Perry Chapel Church Road, P.O. Box 576, Franklinton, NC 27525, USA.
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29
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Ko CH, Chiu PC, Yang CL, Chang KH. Xylitol conversion by fermentation using five yeast strains and polyelectrolyte-assisted ultrafiltration. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:81-6. [PMID: 17700994 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 07/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Batch fermentations for xylitol production were conducted using Candida boidinii (BCRC 21432), C. guilliermondii (BCRC 21549), C. tropicalis (BCRC 20520), C. utilis (BCRC 20334), and P. anomala (BCRC 21359) together with a mixture of sugars simulating lignocellulosic hydrolysates as the carbon source. C. tropicalis had the highest bioconversion yield (Y(P/S)) of 0.79 g g(-1) (g xylitol x g xylose(-1)) over 48 h. Additional fermentations with C. tropicalis achieved Y(P/S) values of 0.6 and 0.39 g g(-1) after 96 and 72 h using urea and soybean meal as the nitrogen sources, respectively. Ethanol and arabitol were also produced in all fermentation. Xylitol in the fermentation broth was recovered by cross-flow ultrafiltration. With prior application of 2 mg polydiallyl dimethylammonium chloride l(-1) on the membrane surface, protein in the permeate was reduced from 7.1 to 1.5 mg l(-1 )after 2 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Ko
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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30
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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31
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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