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Weinert M, Kröncke I, Meyer J, Mathis M, Pohlmann T, Reiss H. Benthic ecosystem functioning under climate change: modelling the bioturbation potential for benthic key species in the southern North Sea. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14105. [PMID: 36317120 PMCID: PMC9617549 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change affects the marine environment on many levels with profound consequences for numerous biological, chemical, and physical processes. Benthic bioturbation is one of the most relevant and significant processes for benthic-pelagic coupling and biogeochemical fluxes in marine sediments, such as the uptake, transport, and remineralisation of organic carbon. However, only little is known about how climate change affects the distribution and intensity of benthic bioturbation of a shallow temperate shelf sea system such as the southern North Sea. In this study, we modelled and projected changes in bioturbation potential (BPp) under a continuous global warming scenario for seven southern North Sea key bioturbators: Abra alba, Amphiura filiformis, Callianassa subterranea, Echinocardium cordatum, Goniada maculata, Nephtys hombergii, and Nucula nitidosa. Spatial changes in species bioturbation intensity are simulated for the years 2050 and 2099 based on one species distribution model per species driven by bottom temperature and salinity changes using the IPCC SRES scenario A1B. Local mean bottom temperature was projected to increase between 0.15 and 5.4 °C, while mean bottom salinity was projected to moderately decrease by 1.7. Our results show that the considered benthic species are strongly influenced by the temperature increase. Although the total BP remained rather constant in the southern North Sea, the BPp for four out of seven species was projected to increase, mainly due to a simultaneous northward range expansion, while the BPp in the core area of the southern North Sea declined for the same species. Bioturbation of the most important species, Amphiura filiformis and Echinocardium cordatum, showed no substantial change in the spatial distribution, but over time. The BPp of E. cordatum remained almost constant until 2099, while the BPp of A. filiformis decreased by 41%. The northward expansion of some species and the decline of most species in the south led to a change of relative contribution to bioturbation in the southern North Sea. These results indicate that some of the selected key bioturbators in the southern North Sea might partly compensate the decrease in bioturbation by others. But especially in the depositional areas where bioturbation plays a specifically important role for ecosystem functioning, bioturbation potential declined until 2099, which might affect the biochemical cycling in sediments of some areas of the southern North Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weinert
- Department for Marine Research, Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Ingrid Kröncke
- Department for Marine Research, Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany,Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Julia Meyer
- Department for Marine Research, Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany,Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Mathis
- Institute of Coastal Systems, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Thomas Pohlmann
- Institute of Oceanography, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Reiss
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Gong Z, Zhang Q. Impact of heavy metals (cadmium and copper) stress on the bioturbation potential of polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis (family Nereididae). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 177:105621. [PMID: 35421762 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The change of macrofaunal bioturbation potential (BP) under environmental stress has application value in ecological restoration and ecological models. Single and combined toxic effects of metals cadmium and copper on the BP of polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis were studied. The distribution of tracer sand showed a negative correlation between the transportation capacity of P. aibuhitensis and the Cd concentration; Cu stress indicated a stronger ability of promoting downward transportation, and the linear relationship with concentration was not so obvious as Cd. The toxicity stress of Cd and Cu also showed a significant effect on the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the sediment matrix. There was a certain synergistic effect between cadmium and copper, and toxicity effects were associated with metal concentration and stress duration. In the later stage of the combined experiment, P. aibuhitensis avoided living in depth near the bottom, especially when the concentrations of Cd and Cu were high. For the bioturbation model, it was suggested that the two parameters of mobility and reworking would be reduced by half or one category scale depending on the cadmium and copper concentration and stress duration. The results can be used for ecological restoration prediction and ecological risk assessment; it is necessary to carry out more studies with a variety of environmental factors and indicators, since a variety of coexisted pollutants would show complex influence on the BP of macrobenthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology TUST, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300457, China; College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qingtian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology TUST, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300457, China; College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Marine Environmental Protection and Restoration Technology Engineering Center, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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3
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Rullens V, Townsend M, Lohrer AM, Stephenson F, Pilditch CA. Who is contributing where? Predicting ecosystem service multifunctionality for shellfish species through ecological principles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152147. [PMID: 34864024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge in environmental management is determining how to manage multiple ecosystem services (ES) simultaneously, to ensure efficient and sustainable use of the environment and its resources. In marine environments, the spatial assessment of ES is lagging as a result of data-scarcity and modelling complexity. Applying mechanistic models to link ecological processes with ecosystem functions and services to assess areas of high ES potential can bridge this gap and accommodate assessments of functional differences between service providers. Here, we applied an ecosystem principles approach to assess ES potential for food provision, water quality regulation, nitrogen removal, and sediment stabilisation, provided by two estuarine bivalves (Austrovenus stutchburyi and Paphies australis) that differ in habitat association (broad and narrow distributions), to gain insight into the utility of these models for local-scale management. Maps of individual ES displayed differing patterns related to habitat associations of the species providing them, with variation in the quantities of services being delivered and locations of importance. Areas of importance for the provision of multiple services (number of services provided and their combined intensity per species) were assessed using hotspot analyses, which suggested that areas of high shellfish density at the harbour entrances were important for ES multifunctionality. A targeted management approach that includes environmental context, rather than a focus solely on the protection of high-density shellfish areas, is required to sustain the provision of individual ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Rullens
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | | | - Andrew M Lohrer
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Fabrice Stephenson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Crespo D, Leston S, Rato LD, Martinho F, Novais SC, Pardal MA, Lemos MFL. Does an Invasive Bivalve Outperform Its Native Congener in a Heat Wave Scenario? A Laboratory Study Case with Ruditapes decussatus and R. philippinarum. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121284. [PMID: 34943199 PMCID: PMC8698865 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Global climate change is responsible for more frequent heat waves, which offers opportunities for invasive species to expand their range. Two congener bivalves, the native Ruditapes decussatus and the invasive R. philippinarum, were exposed to a heat wave aquaria simulation and analysed for ecological and subcellular biomarkers responses. Despite reduced responses on the ecological level (bioturbation and nutrient concentration), there were differential responses to the heat wave at the subcellular level, where the invasive species seems to be less impacted than the native by the heat wave. This reinforces the common notion that climate change events may provide opportunities for biological invasions. Abstract Global warming and the subsequent increase in the frequency of temperature anomalies are expected to affect marine and estuarine species’ population dynamics, latitudinal distribution, and fitness, allowing non-native opportunistic species to invade and thrive in new geographical areas. Bivalves represent a significant percentage of the benthic biomass in marine ecosystems worldwide, often with commercial interest, while mediating fundamental ecological processes. To understand how these temperature anomalies contribute to the success (or not) of biological invasions, two closely related species, the native Ruditapes decussatus and the introduced R. philippinarum, were exposed to a simulated heat wave. Organisms of both species were exposed to mean summer temperature (~18 °C) for 6 days, followed by 6 days of simulated heat wave conditions (~22 °C). Both species were analysed for key ecological processes such as bioturbation and nutrient generation—which are significant proxies for benthic function and habitat quality—and subcellular biomarkers—oxidative stress and damage, and energetic metabolism. Results showed subcellular responses to heat waves. However, such responses were not expressed at the addressed ecological levels. The subcellular responses to the heat wave in the invasive R. philippinarum pinpoint less damage and higher cellular energy allocation to cope with thermal stress, which may further improve its fitness and thus invasiveness behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Crespo
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (L.D.R.); (S.C.N.)
- CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (F.M.); (M.A.P.)
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Sara Leston
- CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (F.M.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Lénia D. Rato
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (L.D.R.); (S.C.N.)
| | - Filipe Martinho
- CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (F.M.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Sara C. Novais
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (L.D.R.); (S.C.N.)
| | - Miguel A. Pardal
- CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (F.M.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (L.D.R.); (S.C.N.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (M.F.L.L.)
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Leduc AOHC, Thomas SA, Bassar RD, López-Sepulcre A, MacNeill K, El-Sabaawi R, Reznick DN, Flecker AS, Travis J. The experimental range extension of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) influences the metabolic activity of tropical streams. Oecologia 2021; 195:1053-1069. [PMID: 33738525 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ecological consequences of biological range extensions reflect the interplay between the functional characteristics of the newly arrived species and their recipient ecosystems. Teasing apart the relative contribution of each component is difficult because most colonization events are studied retrospectively, i.e., after a species became established and its consequences apparent. We conducted a prospective experiment to study the ecosystem consequences of a consumer introduction, using whole-stream metabolism as our integrator of ecosystem activity. In four Trinidadian streams, we extended the range of a native fish, the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), by introducing it over barrier waterfalls that historically excluded it from these upper reaches. To assess the context dependence of these range extensions, we thinned the riparian forest canopy on two of these streams to increase benthic algal biomass and productivity. Guppy's range extension into upper stream reaches significantly impacted stream metabolism but the effects depended upon the specific stream into which they had been introduced. Generally, increases in guppy biomass caused an increase in gross primary production (GPP) and community respiration (CR). The effects guppies had on GPP were similar to those induced by increased light level and were larger in strength than the effects stream stage had on CR. These results, combined with results from prior experiments, contribute to our growing understanding of how consumers impact stream ecosystem function when they expand their range into novel habitats. Further study will reveal whether local adaptation, known to occur rapidly in these guppy populations, modifies the ecological consequences of this species introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine O H C Leduc
- Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, 59014002, Brazil. .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Steven A Thomas
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Hardin Hall Room 403, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Ronald D Bassar
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, 01267, USA
| | - Andrés López-Sepulcre
- CNRS UMR 7618, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Paris (iEES), Université Sorbonne, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris, France.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Keeley MacNeill
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Rana El-Sabaawi
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, STN CSC, PO Box 1700, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - David N Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Alexander S Flecker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Joseph Travis
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Simberloff D. Maintenance management and eradication of established aquatic invaders. HYDROBIOLOGIA 2021; 848:2399-2420. [PMID: 32836349 PMCID: PMC7407435 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-020-04352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although freshwater invasions have not been targeted for maintenance management or eradication as often as terrestrial invasions have, attempts to do so are frequent. Failures as well as successes abound, but several methods have been improved and new approaches are on the horizon. Many freshwater fish and plant invaders have been eliminated, especially by chemical and physical methods for fishes and herbicides for plants. Efforts to maintain invasive freshwater fishes at low levels have sometimes succeeded, although continuing the effort has proven challenging. By contrast, successful maintenance management of invasive freshwater plants is uncommon, although populations of several species have been managed by biological control. Invasive crayfish populations have rarely been controlled for long. Marine invasions have proven far less tractable than those in fresh water, with a few striking eradications of species detected before they had spread widely, and no marine invasions have been substantially managed for long at low levels. The rapid development of technologies based on genetics has engendered excitement about possibly eradicating or controlling terrestrial invaders, and such technologies may also prove useful for certain aquatic invaders. Methods of particular interest, alone or in various combinations, are gene-silencing, RNA-guided gene drives, and the use of transgenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Simberloff
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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7
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Habitat alteration by invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas) causes eelgrass loss in British Columbia, Canada. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Daam MA, Teixeira H, Lillebø AI, Nogueira AJA. Establishing causal links between aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Status and research needs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 656:1145-1156. [PMID: 30625646 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how changes in biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning is imperative in allowing Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM), especially when addressing global change and environmental degradation. Research into the link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) has indeed increased considerably over the past decades. BEF research has focussed on terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems have received considerably less attention. Due to differences in phylogenetic diversity, ecological processes and reported BEF relationships, however, it may at least be questionable whether BEF relationships are exchangeable between these ecosystems (i.e. terrestrial and aquatic). The aim of the present paper was therefore to pinpoint key areas and bottlenecks in establishing BEF relationships for aquatic ecosystems (freshwater, transitional, and marine). To this end, the available literature with special emphasis on the last 10 years was assessed to evaluate: i) reported mechanisms and shapes of aquatic BEF relationships; ii) to what extent BEF relations are interchangeable or ecosystem-specific; and iii) contemporary gaps and needs in aquatic BEF research. Based on our analysis, it may be concluded that despite considerable progress in BEF research over the past decades, several bottlenecks still need to be tackled, namely incorporating the multitude of functions supported by ecosystems, functional distinctiveness of rare species, multitrophic interactions and spatial-temporal scales, before BEF relationships can be used in ecosystem-based management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A Daam
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-191 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Heliana Teixeira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-191 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana I Lillebø
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-191 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António J A Nogueira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-191 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Functional traits of a native and an invasive clam of the genus Ruditapes occurring in sympatry in a coastal lagoon. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16901. [PMID: 30442898 PMCID: PMC6237838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the functional traits regarding bioturbation activity and its influence in the nutrient cycling of the native clam species Ruditapes decussatus and the invasive species Ruditapes philippinarum in Ria de Aveiro lagoon. Presently, these species live in sympatry and the impact of the invasive species was evaluated under controlled microcosmos setting, through combined/manipulated ratios of both species, including monospecific scenarios and a control without bivalves. Bioturbation intensity was measured by maximum, median and mean mix depth of particle redistribution, as well as by Surface Boundary Roughness (SBR), using time-lapse fluorescent sediment profile imaging (f-SPI) analysis, through the use of luminophores. Water nutrient concentrations (NH4-N, NOx-N and PO4-P) were also evaluated. This study showed that there were no significant differences in the maximum, median and mean mix depth of particle redistribution, SBR and water nutrient concentrations between the different ratios of clam species tested. Significant differences were only recorded between the control treatment (no bivalves) and those with bivalves. Thus, according to the present work, in a scenario of potential replacement of the native species by the invasive species, no significant differences are anticipated in short- and long-term regarding the tested functional traits.
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10
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Renz JR, Powilleit M, Gogina M, Zettler ML, Morys C, Forster S. Community bioirrigation potential (BIP c), an index to quantify the potential for solute exchange at the sediment-water interface. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 141:214-224. [PMID: 30224085 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BIOIRRIGATION: the animal-induced exchange of solutes between pore water and overlying water - is a key process in sediments with profound implications for biogeochemical processes such as nutrient cycling and organic matter regeneration at the sediment water interface. There is an urgent need to understand how a changing environment will affect the irrigation activity of macrofauna and vice versa. A shift in species composition (e.g. from deep burrowing species to smaller, more opportunistic and shallow burrowing species) will have large effects on bioirrigation and thus on ecosystem function (such as benthic pelagic coupling). Considering the difficulties to determine area-covering rates of bioirrigation (e.g. in terms tracer-based fluxes) and the complexity of interactions of multiple species in the community that prohibit a direct measure of bioirrigation attributable to each species, a mechanistically-based approach is needed to predict relative intensities of bioirrigation activity based on the fundamental functional traits. We propose a conceptual framework to develop an index of bioirrigation that takes into account the biological mechanisms of bioirrigation and provides a simplified, yet functionally based approach to quantify the bioirrigation potential of benthic communities. We developed the community bioirrigation potential (BIPc) that provides a biomass- and abundance-weighted scoring system considering functional traits related to pore water and solute exchange. It may be used as a supplement to established methods to assess the function of marine soft sediments related bioirrigation. In analogy to the particle-related community bioturbation potential of Solan et al. (2004), context dependent organismal traits that affect ventilation and bioirrigation (feeding type, morphology of burrows, and burrowing depth) are combined with the data on abundance and biomass of the respective species. These are subsequently summed up to a community bioirrigation potential (BIPc). This review considers ecological traits relevant for bioirrigation and their classification into a bioirrigation index. Furthermore the necessary simplifications in the index (e.g. limiting its applicability to interfacial nutrient fluxes) are discussed. We also provide a working example from the southwestern Baltic Sea to illustrate the practical application of the index and a compilation of key species related to this area containing their classification into the considered bioirrigation traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Renz
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Marine Biology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18059, Rostock, Germany.
| | - M Powilleit
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Marine Biology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - M Gogina
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, D-18119, Rostock, Germany
| | - M L Zettler
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, D-18119, Rostock, Germany
| | - C Morys
- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, and Utrecht University, Korringaweg 7, 4401, NT, Yerseke, Netherlands
| | - S Forster
- University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Marine Biology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18059, Rostock, Germany
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11
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Guy-Haim T, Lyons DA, Kotta J, Ojaveer H, Queirós AM, Chatzinikolaou E, Arvanitidis C, Como S, Magni P, Blight AJ, Orav-Kotta H, Somerfield PJ, Crowe TP, Rilov G. Diverse effects of invasive ecosystem engineers on marine biodiversity and ecosystem functions: A global review and meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:906-924. [PMID: 29211336 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Invasive ecosystem engineers (IEE) are potentially one of the most influential types of biological invaders. They are expected to have extensive ecological impacts by altering the physical-chemical structure of ecosystems, thereby changing the rules of existence for a broad range of resident biota. To test the generality of this expectation, we used a global systematic review and meta-analysis to examine IEE effects on the abundance of individual species and communities, biodiversity (using several indices) and ecosystem functions, focusing on marine and estuarine environments. We found that IEE had a significant effect (positive and negative) in most studies testing impacts on individual species, but the overall (cumulative) effect size was small and negative. Many individual studies showed strong IEE effects on community abundance and diversity, but the direction of effects was variable, leading to statistically non-significant overall effects in most categories. In contrast, there was a strong overall effect on most ecosystem functions we examined. IEE negatively affected metabolic functions and primary production, but positively affected nutrient flux, sedimentation and decomposition. We use the results to develop a conceptual model by highlighting pathways whereby IEE impact communities and ecosystem functions, and identify several sources of research bias in the IEE-related invasion literature. Only a few of the studies simultaneously quantified IEE effects on community/diversity and ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how IEE may alter biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships should be a primary focus of future studies of invasion biology. Moreover, the clear effects of IEE on ecosystem functions detected in our study suggest that scientists and environmental managers ought to examine how the effects of IEE might be manifested in the services that marine ecosystems provide to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Guy-Haim
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
- GEOMAR, Marine Ecology, Helmholtz Centre of Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Devin A Lyons
- School of Biology & Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonne Kotta
- Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Henn Ojaveer
- Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Eva Chatzinikolaou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Serena Como
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero (CNR-IAMC), Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero (CNR-IAMC), Torregrande, Oristano, Italy
| | - Andrew J Blight
- Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Helen Orav-Kotta
- Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Tasman P Crowe
- School of Biology & Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gil Rilov
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
- Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Farnsworth KD, Albantakis L, Caruso T. Unifying concepts of biological function from molecules to ecosystems. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tancredi Caruso
- Queen's Univ. Belfast, MBC; 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT97BL UK
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13
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Talley DM, Talley TS, Blanco A. Insights into the establishment of the Manila clam on a tidal flat at the southern end of an introduced range in Southern California, USA. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118891. [PMID: 25793603 PMCID: PMC4368422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coastal ecosystem modifications have contributed to the spread of introduced species through alterations of historic disturbance regimes and resource availability, and increased propagule pressure. Frequency of occurrence of the Manila clam (Venerupis phillipinarum, Veneridae) in Southern California estuaries has increased from absent or sparse to common since the mid-1990s. Potential invasion vectors include seafood sales and aquaculture, and spread from established northern populations over decades. The clam's post-settlement habitat preferences are, however, uncertain in this region. Our project aimed to identify factors associated with established patches of the clam within a bay toward the southern end of this introduced range. During summer 2013, we sampled 10 tidal flat sites in Mission Bay, San Diego; each containing an area with and without hard structure (e.g., riprap, boulders). We measured likely environmental influences (e.g., sediment variables, distance to ocean). Manila clam densities across the bay were most strongly associated with site, where highest densities were located in the northern and/or back halves of the bay; and weakly correlated with lower porewater salinities. Within sites, Manila clam density was enhanced in the presence of hard structure in most sites. Prevailing currents and salinity regimes likely contribute to bay wide distributions, while hard structures may provide suitable microhabitats (refuge from predators and physical stress) and larval entrapment within sites. Results provide insights into decisions about future shoreline management efforts. Finally, we identify directions for future study to better understand and therefore predict patterns of establishment of the Manila clam in the southern portion of its introduced range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew M. Talley
- Department of Marine Science and Environmental Studies, University of San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Theresa Sinicrope Talley
- California Sea Grant Extension Program, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Blanco
- Department of Marine Science and Environmental Studies, University of San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
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Lyons DA, Arvanitidis C, Blight AJ, Chatzinikolaou E, Guy-Haim T, Kotta J, Orav-Kotta H, Queirós AM, Rilov G, Somerfield PJ, Crowe TP. Macroalgal blooms alter community structure and primary productivity in marine ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2014; 20:2712-2724. [PMID: 24890042 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication, coupled with loss of herbivory due to habitat degradation and overharvesting, has increased the frequency and severity of macroalgal blooms worldwide. Macroalgal blooms interfere with human activities in coastal areas, and sometimes necessitate costly algal removal programmes. They also have many detrimental effects on marine and estuarine ecosystems, including induction of hypoxia, release of toxic hydrogen sulphide into the sediments and atmosphere, and the loss of ecologically and economically important species. However, macroalgal blooms can also increase habitat complexity, provide organisms with food and shelter, and reduce other problems associated with eutrophication. These contrasting effects make their overall ecological impacts unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall effects of macroalgal blooms on several key measures of ecosystem structure and functioning in marine ecosystems. We also evaluated some of the ecological and methodological factors that might explain the highly variable effects observed in different studies. Averaged across all studies, macroalgal blooms had negative effects on the abundance and species richness of marine organisms, but blooms by different algal taxa had different consequences, ranging from strong negative to strong positive effects. Blooms' effects on species richness also depended on the habitat where they occurred, with the strongest negative effects seen in sandy or muddy subtidal habitats and in the rocky intertidal. Invertebrate communities also appeared to be particularly sensitive to blooms, suffering reductions in their abundance, species richness, and diversity. The total net primary productivity, gross primary productivity, and respiration of benthic ecosystems were higher during macroalgal blooms, but blooms had negative effects on the productivity and respiration of other organisms. These results suggest that, in addition to their direct social and economic costs, macroalgal blooms have ecological effects that may alter their capacity to deliver important ecosystem services.
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15
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Green DS, Crowe TP. Context- and density-dependent effects of introduced oysters on biodiversity. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Queirós AM, Birchenough SNR, Bremner J, Godbold JA, Parker RE, Romero-Ramirez A, Reiss H, Solan M, Somerfield PJ, Van Colen C, Van Hoey G, Widdicombe S. A bioturbation classification of European marine infaunal invertebrates. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:3958-85. [PMID: 24198953 PMCID: PMC3810888 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioturbation, the biogenic modification of sediments through particle reworking and burrow ventilation, is a key mediator of many important geochemical processes in marine systems. In situ quantification of bioturbation can be achieved in a myriad of ways, requiring expert knowledge, technology, and resources not always available, and not feasible in some settings. Where dedicated research programmes do not exist, a practical alternative is the adoption of a trait-based approach to estimate community bioturbation potential (BPc). This index can be calculated from inventories of species, abundance and biomass data (routinely available for many systems), and a functional classification of organism traits associated with sediment mixing (less available). Presently, however, there is no agreed standard categorization for the reworking mode and mobility of benthic species. Based on information from the literature and expert opinion, we provide a functional classification for 1033 benthic invertebrate species from the northwest European continental shelf, as a tool to enable the standardized calculation of BPc in the region. Future uses of this classification table will increase the comparability and utility of large-scale assessments of ecosystem processes and functioning influenced by bioturbation (e.g., to support legislation). The key strengths, assumptions, and limitations of BPc as a metric are critically reviewed, offering guidelines for its calculation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Queirós
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, U.K
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18
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Kowarik I, Pyšek P. The first steps towards unifying concepts in invasion ecology were made one hundred years ago: revisiting the work of the Swiss botanist Albert Thellung. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Kowarik
- Department of Ecology; Technische Universität Berlin; Rothenburgstr. 12, D 12165 Berlin Germany
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Institute of Botany; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; CZ-252 43 Průhonice Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology; Charles University in Prague; Viničná 7 CZ-128 44 Prague Czech Republic
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Strayer DL. Eight questions about invasions and ecosystem functioning. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:1199-210. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Strayer
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies; P.O. Box AB, 2801 Sharon Turnpike Millbrook NY 12545 USA
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Navel S, Mermillod-Blondin F, Montuelle B, Chauvet E, Marmonier P. Sedimentary context controls the influence of ecosystem engineering by bioturbators on microbial processes in river sediments. OIKOS 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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