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Fritts M, Gibson-Reinemer D, Appel D, Lieder K, Henderson C, Milde A, Brey M, Lamer J, Turney D, Witzel Z, Szott E, Loppnow G, Stiras J, Zankle K, Oliver D, Hoxmeier RJ, Fritts A. Flooding and dam operations facilitate rapid upstream migrations of native and invasive fish species on a regulated large river. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20609. [PMID: 39232067 PMCID: PMC11375117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dams commonly restrict fish movements in large rivers but can also help curtail the spread of invasive species, such as invasive bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp). To determine how dams in the upper Mississippi River (UMR) affect large-scale invasive and native fish migrations, we tracked American paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) and bigheaded carp across > 600 river km (rkm) and 16 navigation locks and dams (LD) of the UMR during 2 years with contrasting water levels. In 2022, a low-water year, both native paddlefish and invasive bigheaded carp had low passage rates (4% and 0.6% respectively) through LD15, a movement bottleneck being studied for invasive carp control. In contrast, flooding in 2023 led to open-river conditions across multiple dams simultaneously, allowing 53% of paddlefish and 46% of bigheaded carp detected in Pool 16 to move upstream through LD15. Bigheaded carp passed upstream through LD15 rapidly (μ = 32 rkm per day) a maximum of 381 rkm, whereas paddlefish moved an average of 9 upstream rkm per day (maximum of 337 rkm). Our results can inform managers examining trade-offs between actions that enhance native fish passage or deter movements of invasive species. This understanding is critical because current climate change models project increases in flooding events like that observed during 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Fritts
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | | | - Douglas Appel
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Amanda Milde
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Marybeth Brey
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - James Lamer
- Illinois Natural History Survey-Illinois River Biological Station, Havana, IL, USA
| | - Dominique Turney
- Illinois Natural History Survey-Illinois River Biological Station, Havana, IL, USA
| | - Zachary Witzel
- Illinois Natural History Survey-Illinois River Biological Station, Havana, IL, USA
| | - Emily Szott
- Illinois Natural History Survey-Illinois River Biological Station, Havana, IL, USA
| | - Grace Loppnow
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Joel Stiras
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Kayla Zankle
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Devon Oliver
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - R John Hoxmeier
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Andrea Fritts
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, USA.
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2
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Xu J, Li D, Hu X, Jiao Y, Wang J, Wu Y, Lin C, Ke S, Bai T, Wang N, Liu B, Shi X. Quantitative Assessment and Regulation of Passage and Entrance Attraction Efficiency of Vertical-Slot Fishway on Heishuihe River in Southwest China. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2365. [PMID: 39199897 PMCID: PMC11350751 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fish passage facilities are essential for restoring river connectivity and protecting ecosystems, effectively balancing economic and ecological benefits. Systematic and comprehensive monitoring, assessment, and optimized management are therefore crucial. This study quantitatively evaluated the entire upstream migration process of fish from the downstream river to the entrance and exit of the fishway and investigated the upstream movement patterns of fish under various environmental factors. A total of 19 fish species were monitored in the Heishuihe River downstream of the dam, with 15 species reaching the fishway entrance and 12 species successfully passing through it. The entrance attraction and passage rates of the vertical-slot fishway at the Songxin hydropower station were 15.7% and 40.42%, respectively. The best upstream performance was observed in May, with fish demonstrating better upstream timing and speed during nighttime compared to daytime. Specifically, the highest entrance attraction efficiency was recorded at a flow rate of 6-7 m3/s and a temperature of 19-20 °C, while the optimal passage efficiency was observed at a flow rate of 0-0.5 m3/s and a temperature of 17-20 °C. Additionally, a multifactorial Cox proportional hazards regression model was constructed to identify key factors influencing the probability of fishway entrance attraction and successful passage. The model elucidated the impact patterns of these key factors on fish upstream migration, ultimately generating an alignment diagram for prediction and control. This study provides a theoretical foundation and data support for developing optimized operational schedules for fishways. The findings offer a more comprehensive and systematic approach for monitoring and evaluating fish passage facilities, serving as a scientific basis for ecological restoration and fish conservation in this region and similar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
- Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission, Guangzhou 510611, China; (X.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Dongqing Li
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Xiaozhang Hu
- Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission, Guangzhou 510611, China; (X.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Yilin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Jianping Wang
- Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission, Guangzhou 510611, China; (X.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Yujiao Wu
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Chenyu Lin
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Senfan Ke
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Tianxiang Bai
- China Three Gorges Renewables (Group) Co., Ltd., Gansu Branch, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Nannan Wang
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
| | - Bingjun Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Xiaotao Shi
- Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; (D.L.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.K.); (N.W.)
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Feely JR, Sorensen PW. Effects of an ensonified bubble curtain and a cyclic sound on blocking 10 species of fishes including 4 invasive carps in a laboratory flume. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-023-03022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Abstract
Despite significant efforts devoted to understanding the underlying complexity and emergence of collective movement in animal groups, the role of different external settings on this type of movement remains largely unexplored. Here, by combining time series analysis and complex network tools, we present an extensive investigation of the effects of shady environments on the behavior of a fish species (Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) within earthen ponds. We find that shade encourages fish residence during daylight hours, but the degree of preference for shade varies substantially among trials and ponds. Silver Carp are much slower and exhibit lower persistence in their speeds when under shade than out of it during daytime and nighttime, with fish displaying the highest persistence degree and speeds at night. Furthermore, our research shows that shade affects fish schooling behavior by reducing their polarization, number of interactions among individuals, and the stability among local neighbors; however, fish keep a higher local degree of order when under shade compared to nighttime positions.
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Turney DD, Fritts AK, Knights BC, Vallazza JM, Appel DS, Lamer JT. Hydrological and lock operation conditions associated with paddlefish and bigheaded carp dam passage on a large and small scale in the Upper Mississippi River (Pools 14-18). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13822. [PMID: 35935253 PMCID: PMC9354739 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Movement and dispersal of migratory fish species is an important life-history characteristics that can be impeded by navigation dams. Although habitat fragmentation may be detrimental to native fish species, it might act as an effective and economical barrier for controlling the spread of invasive species in riverine systems. Various technologies have been proposed as potential fish deterrents at locks and dams to reduce bigheaded carp (i.e., silver carp and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys spp.)) range expansion in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Lock and Dam (LD) 15 is infrequently at open-river condition (spillway gates completely open; hydraulic head across the dam <0.4 m) and has been identified as a potential location for fish deterrent implementation. We used acoustic telemetry to evaluate paddlefish passage at UMR dams and to evaluate seasonal and diel movement of paddlefish and bigheaded carp relative to environmental conditions and lock operations at LD 15. We observed successful paddlefish passage at all dams, with the highest number of passages occurring at LDs 17 and 16. Paddlefish residency events in the downstream lock approach of LD 15 occurred more frequently and for longer durations than residency events of bigheaded carp. We documented upstream passages completed by two individual paddlefish through the lock chamber at LD 15, and a single bighead carp completed upstream passage through the lock chamber during two separate years of this study. We identified four bigheaded carp and 19 paddlefish that made upstream passages through the spillway gates at LD 15 during this study. The majority of the upstream passages through the spillway gates for both species occurred during open river conditions. When hydraulic head was approximately 1-m or greater, we observed these taxa opt for upstream passage through the lock chamber more often than the dam gates. In years with infrequent open-river condition, a deterrent placed in the downstream lock approach may assist in meeting the management goal of reducing upstream passage of bigheaded carps but could also potentially affect paddlefish residency and passage. Continued study to understand the effects of deterrents on native fish could be beneficial for implementing an integrated bigheaded carp control strategy. Understanding fish behavior at UMR dams is a critical information need for river managers as they evaluate potential tools or technologies to control upstream expansion of bigheaded carp in the UMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique D. Turney
- Illinois River Biological Station, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Havana, IL, United States of America,Department of Biological Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL, United States of America
| | - Andrea K. Fritts
- United States Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, United States of America
| | - Brent C. Knights
- United States Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, United States of America
| | - Jon M. Vallazza
- United States Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, United States of America
| | - Douglas S. Appel
- United States Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, United States of America
| | - James T. Lamer
- Illinois River Biological Station, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Havana, IL, United States of America
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Bergman JN, Raby GD, Neigel KL, Rennie CD, Balshine S, Bennett JR, Fisk AT, Cooke SJ. Tracking the early stages of an invasion with biotelemetry: behaviour of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in Canada’s historic Rideau Canal. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Cupp AR, Brey MK, Calfee RD, Chapman DC, Erickson R, Fischer J, Fritts AK, George AE, Jackson PR, Knights BC, Saari GN, Kočovský PM. Emerging control strategies for integrated pest management of invasive carps. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.25225/jvb.21057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Cupp
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
| | - Marybeth K. Brey
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
| | - Robin D. Calfee
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Duane C. Chapman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Richard Erickson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
| | - Jesse Fischer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA; e-mail: , , ,
| | - Andrea K. Fritts
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
| | - Amy E. George
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA; e-mail: , , ,
| | - P. Ryan Jackson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, Urbana, Illinois, USA; e-mail:
| | - Brent C. Knights
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
| | - Gavin N. Saari
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA; e-mail: , , , , ,
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Putland RL, Brey MK, Mensinger AF. Exploring how vessel activity influences the soundscape at a navigation lock on the Mississippi River. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:112720. [PMID: 34030901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vessel sound is now globally recognized as a significant and pervasive pollutant to aquatic life. However, compared to marine environments, there is a paucity of data on sound emitted by vessel activity in freshwater habitats. The Upper Mississippi River (UMR) is home to a diverse array of aquatic life as well as being a key route for barge transportation with 29 locks and dams. In this study, passive acoustic monitoring was conducted at Lock and Dam 19 near Keokuk, Iowa, on the UMR between 20 June - August 28, 2019 to coincide with peak navigation use. There was a significant increase in median sound pressure level (SPL; 50-12,000 Hz) recorded during vessel passages (123 dB re. 1μPa for recreational vessels and 137 dB re. 1μPa for commercial vessels) compared to median background levels (111 dB re. 1μPa). Results provide information on the ambient soundscape at a navigation lock, providing a baseline essential for future studies gauging the effect of anthropogenic sound on aquatic life. Lock 19 has also been identified as a potential site for acoustic deterrent deployment to prevent invasive fish movements. The results of this study can help determine the sound level or frequency deterrents would need to emit, to avoid those currently produced during vessel passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Putland
- Department of Biology, Swenson Science Building, University of Minnesota Duluth, MN, 55812, USA.
| | - M K Brey
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, 54603, USA
| | - A F Mensinger
- Department of Biology, Swenson Science Building, University of Minnesota Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
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Numeric Simulation Demonstrates That the Upstream Movement of Invasive Bigheaded Carp Can Be Blocked at Sets of Mississippi River Locks-and-Dams Using a Combination of Optimized Spillway Gate Operations, Lock Deterrents, and Carp Removal. FISHES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes6020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Invasive bigheaded carp are advancing up the Upper Mississippi River by passing through its locks-and-dams (LDs). Although these structures already impede fish passage, this role could be greatly enhanced by modifying how their spillway gates operate, adding deterrent systems to their locks, and removing carp. This study examined this possibility using numeric modeling and empirical data, which evaluated all three options on an annual basis in both single LDs and pairs under different river flow conditions. Over 100 scenarios were modeled. While all three approaches showed promise, ranging from 8% to 73% reductions in how many carp pass a single LD, when employed together at pairs of LDs, upstream movement rates of invasive carp could be reduced 98–99% from current levels. Although modifying spillway gate operation is the least expensive option, its efficacy drops at high flows, so lock deterrents and/or removal using fishing/trapping are required to move towards complete blockage. Improved deterrent efficacy could also offset the need for more efficient removal. This model could help prioritize research and management actions for containing carp.
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