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Li W, Pang Y, Jin K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Luo J, Xu W, Zhang X, Xu R, Wang T, Jiao L. Membrane contact sites orchestrate cholesterol homeostasis that is central to vascular aging. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1612. [PMID: 37156598 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronological age causes structural and functional vascular deterioration and is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, leading to more than 40% of all deaths in the elderly. The etiology of vascular aging is complex; a significant impact arises from impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol level is balanced through synthesis, uptake, transport, and esterification, the processes executed by multiple organelles. Moreover, organelles responsible for cholesterol homeostasis are spatially and functionally coordinated instead of isolated by forming the membrane contact sites. Membrane contact, mediated by specific protein-protein interaction, pulls opposing organelles together and creates the hybrid place for cholesterol transfer and further signaling. The membrane contact-dependent cholesterol transfer, together with the vesicular transport, maintains cholesterol homeostasis and has intimate implications in a growing list of diseases, including vascular aging-related diseases. Here, we summarized the latest advances regarding cholesterol homeostasis by highlighting the membrane contact-based regulatory mechanism. We also describe the downstream signaling under cholesterol homeostasis perturbations, prominently in cholesterol-rich conditions, stimulating age-dependent organelle dysfunction and vascular aging. Finally, we discuss potential cholesterol-targeting strategies for therapists regarding vascular aging-related diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Pang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Multiple Roles of SIRT2 in Regulating Physiological and Pathological Signal Transduction. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:9282484. [PMID: 36101744 PMCID: PMC9444453 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9282484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), as a member of the sirtuin family, has representative features of evolutionarily highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase activity. In addition, SIRT2, as the only sirtuin protein colocalized with tubulin in the cytoplasm, has its own functions and characteristics. In recent years, studies have increasingly shown that SIRT2 can participate in the regulation of gene expression and regulate signal transduction in the metabolic pathway mainly through its post-translational modification of target genes; thus, SIRT2 has become a key centre in the metabolic pathway and participates in the pathological process of metabolic disorder-related diseases. In this paper, it is discussed that SIRT2 can regulate all aspects of gene expression, including epigenetic modification, replication, transcription and translation, and post-translational modification, which enables SIRT2 to participate in energy metabolism in life activities, and it is clarified that SIRT2 is involved in metabolic process-specific signal transduction mechanisms. Therefore, SIRT2 can be involved in metabolic disorder-related inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby triggering the occurrence of metabolic disorder-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, tumours, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, although the role of SIRT2 in some diseases is still controversial, given the multiple roles of SIRT2 in regulating physiological and pathological signal transduction, SIRT2 has become a key target for disease treatment. It is believed that with increasing research, the clinical application of SIRT2 will be promoted.
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Yang L, Yu X, Zhang Y, Liu N, Li D, Xue X, Fu J. Proteomic analysis of the effects of caffeine in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic white matter damage. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1019-1032. [PMID: 35393758 PMCID: PMC9160447 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim White matter damage (WMD) is the main cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in premature infants. Although caffeine has been shown to possess neuroprotective effects in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects are unclear. Herein, proteins modulated by caffeine in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD were evaluated. Methods We identified differential proteins and performed functional enrichment analyses between the Sham, hypoxic‐ischemic WMD (HI), and HI+caffeine‐treated WMD (Caffeine) groups. Confirmed the changes and effect of proteins in animal models and determined cognitive impairment via water maze experiments. Results In paraventricular tissue, 47 differential proteins were identified between the Sham, HI, and Caffeine groups. Functional enrichment analyses showed that these proteins were related to myelination and axon formation. In particular, the myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein, myelin‐associated glycoprotein precursor, and sirtiun 2 (SIRT2) levels were reduced in the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD group, and this effect could be prevented by caffeine. Caffeine alleviated the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD‐induced cognitive impairment and improved MBP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95 protein levels after hypoxic‐ischemic WMD by preventing the HI‐induced downregulation of SIRT2; these effects were subsequently attenuated by the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7. Conclusion Caffeine may have clinical applications in the management of prophylactic hypoxic‐ischemic WMD; its effects may be mediated by proteins related to myelin development and synapse formation through SIRT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuefei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Danni Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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