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McCarthy JS, Brown KE, King CK, Nielsen UN, Plaisted K, Wallace SMN, Reichman SM. Population growth of two limno-terrestrial Antarctic microinvertebrates in different aqueous soil media. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33086-33097. [PMID: 38676867 PMCID: PMC11133119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Terrestrial microinvertebrates provide important carbon and nutrient cycling roles in soil environments, particularly in Antarctica where larger macroinvertebrates are absent. The environmental preferences and ecology of rotifers and tardigrades in terrestrial environments, including in Antarctica, are not as well understood as their temperate aquatic counterparts. Developing laboratory cultures is critical to provide adequate numbers of individuals for controlled laboratory experimentation. In this study, we explore aspects of optimising laboratory culturing for two terrestrially sourced Antarctic microinvertebrates, a rotifer (Habrotrocha sp.) and a tardigrade (Acutuncus antarcticus). We tested a soil elutriate and a balanced salt solution (BSS) to determine their suitability as culturing media. Substantial population growth of rotifers and tardigrades was observed in both media, with mean rotifer population size increasing from 5 to 448 ± 95 (soil elutriate) and 274 ± 78 (BSS) individuals over 60 days and mean tardigrade population size increasing from 5 to 187 ± 65 (soil elutriate) and 138 ± 37 (BSS) over 160 days. We also tested for optimal dilution of soil elutriate in rotifer cultures, with 20-80% dilutions producing the largest population growth with the least variation in the 40% dilution after 36 days. Culturing methods developed in this study are recommended for use with Antarctica microinvertebrates and may be suitable for similar limno-terrestrial microinvertebrates from other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan S McCarthy
- Centre for Anthropogenic Pollution Impact and Management (CAPIM), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Brown
- Environmental Stewardship Program, Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, 7050, Australia
| | - Catherine K King
- Environmental Stewardship Program, Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, 7050, Australia
| | - Uffe N Nielsen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2750, Australia
| | - Katie Plaisted
- Centre for Anthropogenic Pollution Impact and Management (CAPIM), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephanie M N Wallace
- Centre for Anthropogenic Pollution Impact and Management (CAPIM), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Suzie M Reichman
- Centre for Anthropogenic Pollution Impact and Management (CAPIM), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Pereira AC, Saraiva A, Oliva-Teles L, Guimarães L, Carvalho AP. Ecotoxicological Effects of Potassium Dichromate on the Tadpole Shrimp Triops longicaudatus. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:358. [PMID: 38338000 PMCID: PMC10854805 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The tadpole shrimp Triops longicaudatus is a freshwater crustacean with fast embryonic and larval development, short life cycle, and high fecundity. They are very active swimmers of a reasonable size, easy to spot and record. Such characteristics make it a promising candidate as an experimental model in ecotoxicology to evaluate the effects of aquatic pollutants, particularly using its locomotor behavior as an endpoint. To evaluate the sensitivity of T. longicaudatus and develop endpoints of interest, we conducted exposure experiments with lethal and sub-lethal concentrations of potassium dichromate, a compound known for its ecotoxicological importance and as a hexavalent chromium source. The endpoints evaluated were mortality, growth, sexual maturation, reproductive output, cholinesterase activity and locomotor/swimming behavior. The 96 h median lethal concentration was found to be 65 µg/L. Furthermore, exposure to potassium dichromate at higher concentrations had a significant negative impact on the growth rate of T. longicaudatus in terms of both body mass and length. The time for maturation was also delayed at higher concentrations. In addition, locomotor behavior allowed for the discrimination of all tested chromium concentrations and the control group and from each other, proving to be the most sensitive endpoint. Overall, the data support the potential of T. longicaudatus as a model for ecotoxicity testing, using apical endpoints with impact at the population level; in particular, results suggest that behavior assessments in this species might be useful for detecting hazardous compounds in environmental monitoring of freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Carido Pereira
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.P.); (A.S.); (L.O.-T.)
- Biology Department, FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Aurélia Saraiva
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.P.); (A.S.); (L.O.-T.)
- Biology Department, FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Oliva-Teles
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.P.); (A.S.); (L.O.-T.)
- Biology Department, FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Guimarães
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.P.); (A.S.); (L.O.-T.)
- Biology Department, FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - António Paulo Carvalho
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (A.C.P.); (A.S.); (L.O.-T.)
- Biology Department, FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Hou C, Shi T, Wang W, Han M, Pan X, Wang L, Lee DJ. Toxicological sensitivity of protozoa to pesticides and nanomaterials: A prospect review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139749. [PMID: 37549748 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Protozoa are sensitive indicators of pollutant toxicity. This review presents and discusses the toxicological studies of protozoa and the toxicological conventional test species (Daphnia magna) by pesticides and nanomaterials, particularly comparing the sensitivity of through relative tolerance analysis, Z-score, and species sensitivity index. The sensitivity of different species of protozoa varies greatly. The protozoa Paramecium sp. and Tetrahymena sp. are not sensitive species; conversely, Urostyla sp. is sensitive to dimethoate and nanomaterials Ag-NPs, respectively ZnO-NPs, and CuO-NPs, fits the use as an indicator species on these substances. The prospects to explore scientific toxicity exposure protocols, expand the protozoan species examined, and screen the sensitive species under the protocols are discussed. This prospect review advances the knowledge for including the sensitive protozoa as an indicator species in comprehensive toxicological analysis for pesticides and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Hou
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Tianyi Shi
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Mei Han
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Xuming Pan
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China.
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, 999077, Hong Kong.
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de Souza CM, Massi KG, Rodgher S. Meta-analysis reveals negative responses of freshwater organisms to the interactive effects of pesticides and warming. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-023-01334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Valbuena D, Cely-Santos M, Obregón D. Agrochemical pesticide production, trade, and hazard: Narrowing the information gap in Colombia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112141. [PMID: 33676136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a major tool for the intensification of agriculture, and helped to increase food, feed and biofuel production. Yet, there are persistent concerns about the negative effects of pesticides in human health and the environment, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Given the lack of information on pesticide exposure and hazard, Colombia exemplifies the need to narrow the information gap on pesticide risk in LMICs. We assessed pesticide hazard in Colombia based on the official toxicity categorization, compared it to more integral international standards, and identified main actions to narrow this information gap. Results showed that Colombia has been a relevant regional actor in pesticide production and trade, reaching almost 75 million kilogrammes and liters sold in 2016. Based on acute toxicity for humans, a quarter of the amount of pesticides sales and imports, and a third of the exports in 2016 ranged from moderately to extremenly toxic. The top-selling agrochemicals in 2016 (glyphosate with 14% of the total sales, chlorpyrifos 7.5% and mancozeb 6.9%) are also commonly used in other countries, reflecting a homogenized global industry. Compared to integral international categorizations, we found that for that year 63% of the pesticides sold with slightly acute toxicity are actually considered highly hazardous pesticides (HHP) for humans or the environment, evidencing the need to use a more integral hazard categorization in the country. Narrowing the information gap in pesticide use and associated risks demands a transparent process of knowledge creation and sharing, including funtional information and monitoring systems. This should be part of an integral assessment and regulation that better defines HHP, their production and trade to reduce pesticide risk while informing a transition towards sustainable food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Valbuena
- Land Use Planning Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands.
| | - Marcela Cely-Santos
- Ciencias Sociales y Saberes de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Colombia
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6
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Moreira RA, de Araujo GS, Silva ARRG, Daam MA, Rocha O, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Effects of abamectin-based and difenoconazole-based formulations and their mixtures in Daphnia magna: a multiple endpoint approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1486-1499. [PMID: 32388636 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the toxicity of pesticide formulations Kraft® 36 EC (active ingredient-a.i. abamectin) and Score® 250 EC (a.i. difenoconazole), and their mixtures in Daphnia magna at different biological levels of organization. Survival, reproduction and biochemical markers (cholinesterase (ChE), catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxidation (LPO)) were some of the endpoints evaluated. Total proteins and lipids were also studied together with energy consumption (Ec). D. magna neonates were exposed for 96 h to Kraft (2, 4, and 6 ng a.i./L) and Score (12.5, 25, and 50 µg a.i./L) for the biochemical experiments, and for 15 days to abamectin (1-5 ng a.i./L) and to difenoconazole (3.12-50 µg a.i./L) to assess possible changes in reproduction. Exposures of organisms to both single compounds did not cause effects to antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, except for LPO occurring at the highest concentration of difenoconazole tested. For ChE and CAT there was enzymatic induction in mixture treatments organisms, occurring at minor pesticides concentrations for CAT and at the two highest concentrations for ChE. There were no significant differences for total protein in D. magna but lipids showed an increase at the highest concentrations of pesticide mixture combinations. There was a significant increase of Ec in individuals of all treatments tested. In the chronic test, increased fecundity occurred for D. magna under difenoconazole exposures and mixtures. This study demonstrated that mixtures of these pesticides caused greater toxicity to D. magna than when tested individually, except for Ec. Therefore, effects of mixtures are very hard to predict only based on information from single compounds, which most possibly is the result of biological complexity and redundancy in response pathways, which need further experimentation to become better known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Aparecida Moreira
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, 13.560-970, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Michiel Adriaan Daam
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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7
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Mishra S, Zhang W, Lin Z, Pang S, Huang Y, Bhatt P, Chen S. Carbofuran toxicity and its microbial degradation in contaminated environments. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127419. [PMID: 32593003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbofuran is one of the most toxic broad-spectrum and systemic N-methyl carbamate pesticide, which is extensively applied as insecticide, nematicide and acaricide for agricultural, domestic and industrial purposes. It is extremely lethal to mammals, birds, fish and wildlife due to its anticholinesterase activity, which inhibits acetyl-cholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterse activity. In humans, carbofuran is associated with endocrine disrupting activity, reproductive disorders, cytotoxic and genotoxic abnormalities. Therefore, cleanup of carbofuran-contaminated environments is of utmost concern and urgently needs an adequate, advanced and effective remedial technology. Microbial technology (bacterial, fugal and algal species) is a very potent, pragmatic and ecofriendly approach for the removal of carbofuran. Microbial enzymes and their catabolic genes exhibit an exceptional potential for bioremediation strategies. To understand the specific mechanism of carbofuran degradation and involvement of carbofuran hydrolase enzymes and genes, highly efficient genomic approaches are required to provide reliable information and unfold metabolic pathways. This review briefly discusses the carbofuran toxicity and its toxicological impact into the environment, in-depth understanding of carbofuran degradation mechanism with microbial strains, metabolic pathways, molecular mechanisms and genetic basis involved in degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziqiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Preparation and characterization of a controlled-release formulation based on carbofuran loaded in ionically cross-linked chitosan microparticles. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Mansano AS, Moreira RA, Dornfeld HC, Freitas EC, Vieira EM, Daam MA, Rocha O, Seleghim MHR. Individual and mixture toxicity of carbofuran and diuron to the protozoan Paramecium caudatum and the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110829. [PMID: 32531577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of the insecticide carbofuran and herbicide diuron (individually and in mixture) to the invertebrates Paramecium caudatum and Ceriodaphnia silvestrii was evaluated. Acute and chronic toxicity tests were carried out with the diuron and carbofuran active ingredients and their commercial products, Diuron Nortox® 500 SC and Furadan® 350 SC, respectively. Individual toxicity tests showed that C. silvestrii was more sensitive to both carbofuran and diuron than P. caudatum. In single exposures, both pesticides caused adverse effects to C. silvestrii in environmentally relevant concentrations (48 h EC50 = 0.001 mg L-1 and 8 d LOEC = 0.00038 mg L-1 for formulated carbofuran; 8 d LOEC < 0.05 mg L-1 for formulated diuron). For P. caudatum, carbofuran and diuron in single exposures were only slightly toxic (24 h IC50 = 5.1 mg L-1 and 6.9 mg L-1 for formulated carbofuran and diuron, respectively). Acute and chronic exposures to diuron and carbofuran mixtures caused significant deviations of the toxicity predicted by the Concentration Addition and Independent Action reference models for both test species. For the protozoan P. caudatum, a dose-dependent deviation was verified for mortality, with synergism caused mainly by carbofuran and antagonism caused mainly by diuron. For protozoan population growth, however, an antagonistic deviation was observed when the active ingredient mixtures were tested. In the case of C. silvestrii, antagonism at low concentrations and synergism at high concentrations were revealed after acute exposure to active ingredient mixtures, whereas for reproduction an antagonistic deviation was found. Commercial formulation mixtures presented significantly higher toxicity than the active ingredient mixtures. Our results showed that carbofuran and diuron interact and cause different toxic responses than those predicted by the individually tested compounds. Their mixture toxicity should therefore be considered in risk assessments as these pesticides are likely to be present simultaneously in edge-of-field waterbodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrislaine S Mansano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources (PPGERN), Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Raquel A Moreira
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo C Dornfeld
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuela C Freitas
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eny M Vieira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Michiel A Daam
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources (PPGERN), Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirna H R Seleghim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources (PPGERN), Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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10
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Arreguin Rebolledo U, Nandini S, Sarma SSS, Escobar-Sánchez O. Effect of salinity and temperature on the acute and chronic toxicity of arsenic to the marine rotifers Proales similis and Brachionus ibericus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111341. [PMID: 32658699 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several abiotic factors influence the ecological responses of aquatic invertebrates to metal toxicity. We examined the effect of salinity (10, 20, and 30 psu) and temperature (25 and 32 °C) on acute and chronic arsenic (As) toxicity to the euryhaline rotifers, Proales similis and Brachionus ibericus. In general, higher salinities and low temperature resulted in lower arsenic toxicity. The population growth studies indicated that P. similis was more sensitive than B. ibericus to As. Arsenic toxicity intensified the vulnerability of P. similis to B. ibericus competition. Life table parameters decreased with increasing As levels in the medium. Chronic toxicity bioassays were more sensitive than acute toxicity tests for determining the adverse effect of As to rotifers. Our findings provide useful insights on the effect of arsenic on rotifer populations exposed to different temperature and salinity scenarios. Proales similis could be an important complement to brachionid rotifers for marine toxicity bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Arreguin Rebolledo
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, C.P. 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - S Nandini
- Laboratorio de Zoología Acuática, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Iztacala, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - S S S Sarma
- Laboratorio de Zoología Acuática, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Iztacala, Av. de los Barrios # 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ofelia Escobar-Sánchez
- CONACYT, Dirección de Cátedras CONACYT, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col Crédito Constructor, Del. Benito Juárez, 03940 CDMX, Mexico; Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, C.P. 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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11
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Dong L, Wang H, Ding T, Li W, Zhang G. Effects of TiO
2
nanoparticles on the life‐table parameters, antioxidant indices, and swimming speed of the freshwater rotifer
Brachionus calyciflorus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 333:230-239. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Li Dong
- College of Life and Environment SciencesHuangshan University Huangshan Anhui P. R. China
| | - Heng‐Xing Wang
- College of Life and Environment SciencesHuangshan University Huangshan Anhui P. R. China
| | - Tao Ding
- College of Life and Environment SciencesHuangshan University Huangshan Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life and Environment SciencesHuangshan University Huangshan Anhui P. R. China
| | - Gen Zhang
- Shenzhen GenProMetab Biotechnology Company Limited Shenzhen Guangdong P. R. China
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12
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Cáceres T, Maestroni B, Islam M, Cannavan A. Sorption of 14C-carbofuran in Austrian soils: evaluation of fate and transport of carbofuran in temperate regions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:986-990. [PMID: 30443723 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbofuran is an anticholinesterase carbamate commonly used as an insecticide, nematicide and acaricide in agricultural practice throughout the world. However, data on its sorption in temperate soils from Europe is limited. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the adsorption of carbofuran on three distinct Austrian soils using batch experiments and radiometric techniques. Carbofuran adsorption capacity of the soils was found to be low in the three soils tested and showed to be related to the soils clay and organic carbon contents. The pesticide presented linear adsorption isotherms in all of the three soils. Due to the low sorption of carbofuran in the soils tested and to its high water solubility, there is a risk of migration to water bodies through run off and consequent negative effects on aquatic organisms and soil biota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Britt Maestroni
- Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA, Po Box 100, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marivil Islam
- Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA, Po Box 100, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew Cannavan
- Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA, Po Box 100, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
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Rocha O, Neto AJG, Dos Santos Lima JC, Freitas EC, Miguel M, da Silva Mansano A, Moreira RA, Daam MA. Sensitivities of three tropical indigenous freshwater invertebrates to single and mixture exposures of diuron and carbofuran and their commercial formulations. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:834-844. [PMID: 29679314 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As compared to their temperate counterparts, few toxicity tests have been conducted so far into the evaluation of the sensitivity of indigenous tropical species to pesticides. Especially mixture toxicity assessments appear to be scarce. To contribute to increase our knowledge in this arena, we evaluated the acute toxicity of diuron and carbofuran and their mixtures to the neotropical oligochaetes Allonais inaequalis and Dero furcatus, and the ostracod Strandesia trispinosa. Tests were performed with both the pure active ingredients, as well as their formulated products. The toxicity of the latter to the three test organisms was generally greater than that of the pure active ingredients, although absolute differences were rather small. The sensitivity of the indigenous species was slightly greater than temperate test species from the same taxonomic groups. The concentration addition conceptual model best described the results of the mixture toxicity data. Derived deviations of this model appeared to be dependent on the test organism and as to whether the pesticides were applied as active ingredients or their commercial products. Reported field concentrations of the two pesticides indicate risks to freshwater biota, especially if they are both present. The test species used in the present study are concluded to be suitable candidates as surrogate test organisms in local pesticide risk evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Antônio José Gazonato Neto
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Dos Santos Lima
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos - SP, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Cristina Freitas
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos - SP, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Mariana Miguel
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos - SP, 13.560-970, Brazil
| | - Adrislaine da Silva Mansano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Raquel Aparecida Moreira
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Michiel Adriaan Daam
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos - SP, 13.560-970, Brazil
- CENSE, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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14
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Mansano AS, Moreira RA, Dornfeld HC, Diniz LGR, Vieira EM, Daam MA, Rocha O, Seleghim MHR. Acute and chronic toxicity of diuron and carbofuran to the neotropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:13335-13346. [PMID: 28004367 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to contribute to the increase of the body of knowledge on the sensitivity of tropical indigenous species to pesticides, acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted with the neotropical cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. Tests were carried out with the active ingredients diuron and carbofuran and one of their commercial formulations, the Diuron Nortox® 500 SC and the Furadan® 350 SC, respectively. For carbofuran, the active ingredient was more toxic than the commercial product, whereas for diuron, the commercial product appeared more toxic. In addition, hormetic effects on fertility were recorded for intermediate diuron concentrations. Acute and chronic toxicity data indicated that C. silvestrii was among the most sensitive invertebrate species for both test compounds. Based on concentrations measured in Brazilian water bodies, these compounds represent ecological risks for causing direct and indirect toxic effects on C. silvestrii and other aquatic organisms. Our results support previous claims on the advantages of using native species to better tune ecological risk assessment of chemicals in tropical ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrislaine S Mansano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Raquel A Moreira
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Hugo C Dornfeld
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Lia G R Diniz
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Eny M Vieira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Michiel A Daam
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Mirna H R Seleghim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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15
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Day JG, Gong Y, Hu Q. Microzooplanktonic grazers – A potentially devastating threat to the commercial success of microalgal mass culture. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Snell TW, Johnston RK, Matthews AB. Freshwater toxicity testing using rehydrated Philodina sp. (Rotifera) as test animals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2267-2276. [PMID: 28678414 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rotifers have become widely used in aquatic toxicology as a rapid screening test for toxicity. The commercial availability of diapausing embryos (cysts) have facilitated their popularity because test animals can be obtained without having to master the details of culturing. Other rotifer species have life stages capable of surviving desiccation and also could be used in non-culture systems for toxicity assessment. In this article, we describe a system for toxicity testing in freshwater based on rehydrating desiccated bdelloid rotifers in the genus Philodina. These animals can remain in this anhydrobiotic state for more than one year and then rehydrate within hours to provide animals for toxicity tests. We describe three endpoints: a 1.5 h ingestion test, a 24 h mortality test, and a five day reproductive test. The latter test requires feeding and a method using a dried commercial product is explained. Using desiccated rotifers and dried food in toxicity tests make this system especially attractive because of its flexibility and low threshold of biological expertise required to execute the tests. The use of the Philodina toxicity test is illustrated with four metals: copper, lead, mercury and cadmium. Reproduction generally was the most sensitive endpoint, with EC50s of 0.33, 0.44, 0.60, and 0.12 mg/L, respectively. Ingestion was a close second with EC50s of 0.13, 1.64, 0.64, and 6.26 mg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W Snell
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332-0230
| | - Rachel K Johnston
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332-0230
| | - Amelia B Matthews
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332-0230
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17
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Mansano AS, Moreira RA, Pierozzi M, Oliveira TMA, Vieira EM, Rocha O, Regali-Seleghim MH. Effects of diuron and carbofuran pesticides in their pure and commercial forms on Paramecium caudatum: The use of protozoan in ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:160-172. [PMID: 26890484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Toxic effects of diuron and carbofuran on Paramecium caudatum were evaluated. Acute and chronic tests were conducted with diuron and carbofuran active ingredients and their commercial formulations, Diuron Nortox(®) 500 SC and Furadan(®) 350 SC, respectively. The sensitivity range of P. caudatum to reference substance sodium chloride was established. A preliminary risk assessment of diuron and carbofuran for Brazilian water bodies was performed. The tests indicated that toxicity of pure diuron and its commercial formulation was similar, while the commercial product carbofuran was more toxic than its pure form. In acute tests, readings were carried out at 2, 3, 4 and 6 h and showed an increase of mortality with increasing exposure time. The sensitivity of P. caudatum to NaCl ranged from 3.31 to 4.44 g L(-1), averaging 3.88 g L(-1). For diuron, the 6 h LC50 was 64.6 ± 3.3 mg L(-1) for its pure form and 62.4 ± 2.5 mg L(-1) for its commercial formulation. Carbofuran active ingredient was less toxic than that of diuron, presenting a 6 h LC50 of 142.0 ± 2.4 mg L(-1) for its pure form and 70.4 ± 2.2 mg L(-1) for its commercial product. Chronic tests showed that these pesticides cause significant decrease on population growth, generation number and biomass of P. caudatum. The 24 h IC50 was 7.10 ± 0.58 mg L(-1) for pure diuron, 6.78 ± 0.92 mg L(-1) for commercial diuron, 22.95 ± 3.57 mg L(-1) for pure carbofuran and 4.98 ± 0.62 mg L(-1) for commercial carbofuran. Preliminary risk assessment indicated that diuron and carbofuran present potential ecological risks for Brazilian water bodies. P. caudatum was a suitable and sensitive test organism to evaluate diuron and carbofuran toxicity to freshwater protozooplankton and, taking into account the relevant role of protozoans in aquatic environments, we strongly recommend its inclusion in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrislaine S Mansano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Raquel A Moreira
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara Pierozzi
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiessa M A Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eny M Vieira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Odete Rocha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirna H Regali-Seleghim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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18
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Moreira RA, Mansano AS, Rocha O. Life cycle traits of Philodina roseola Ehrenberg, 1830 (Rotifera, Bdelloidea), a model organism for bioassays. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2016; 88 Suppl 1:579-88. [PMID: 27168371 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620140729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes experimental results on the life cycle of the rotifer Philodina roseola cultured in the laboratory. Detailed information on life-cycle parameters of a certain species provides a deep understanding and contributes to a better knowledge of the role of the species in the community, besides providing data that are basic to other ecological investigations such as secondary production estimates and knowledge for applications such as its utilization as test-organism in ecotoxicological studies. The average duration of embryonic development of P. roseola was 23.88 h, the age at maturity of primipara was 3.5 days and the maximum lifespan was 23 days. The average size of the rotifer neonate was 198.77 µm, the mean size of primipara was 395.56 µm and for adults 429.96 µm. The average fecundity was 1.22 eggs per female per day and the mean number of eggs produced per female during the entire life was 22.33. The deceleration of somatic growth from the start of the reproductive stage represents a trade-off between growth and reproduction that is often seen in micrometazoans. The life history of P. roseola follows the strategy of other bdelloid species characterized by a rapid pre-reproductive development and canalization of most assimilated energy to reproduction after reaching maturity. The differences observed in total fecundity and longevity between our P. roseola cultures and those from previous studies were probably due to differences of intrinsic adaptation of this species ecotypes to the conditions of their natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A Moreira
- Post-Graduate Program of Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos SP , Brazil
| | - Adrislaine S Mansano
- Post-Graduate Program of Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos SP , Brazil
| | - Odete Rocha
- Post-Graduate Program of Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos SP , Brazil.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Federal University of São Carlos, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, São Carlos SP , Brazil
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Aránguiz-Acuña A, Serra M. Diapause as escape strategy to exposure to toxicants: response of Brachionus calyciforus to arsenic. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:708-719. [PMID: 26897746 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1629-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrate organisms commonly respond to environmental fluctuation by entering diapause. Production of diapause in monogonont rotifers involves a previous switch from asexual to partial sexual reproduction. Although zooplankton have been used in ecotoxicological assays, often their true vulnerability to toxicants is underestimated by not incorporating the sexual phase. We experimentally analyzed traits involved in sexual reproduction and diapause in the cyclically parthenogenetic freshwater rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, exposed to arsenic, a metalloid naturally found in high concentrations in desert zones, focusing on the effectiveness of diapause as an escape response in the face of an adverse condition. Addition of sublethal concentrations of arsenic modified the pattern of diapause observed in the rotifer: investment in diapause with arsenic addition peaked earlier and higher than in non-toxicant conditions, which suggests that sexual investment could be enhanced in highly stressed environmental conditions by increased responsiveness to stimulation. Nevertheless, eggs produced in large amount with arsenic, were mostly low quality, and healthy-looking eggs had lower hatching success, therefore it is unclear whether this pattern is optimum in an environment with arsenic, or if rather arsenic presence in water bodies disturbs the optimal allocation of offspring entering diapause. We observed high accumulation of arsenic in organisms exposed to constant concentration after several generations, which suggests that arsenic may be accumulated transgenerationally. The sexual phase in rotifers may be more sensitive to environmental conditions than the asexual one, therefore diapause attributes should be considered in ecotoxicological assessment because of its ecological and evolutionary implications on lakes biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, 0610, Angamos, Antofagasta, Chile.
| | - Manuel Serra
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
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Zhang L, Niu J, Wang Y. Full life-cycle toxicity assessment on triclosan using rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 127:30-35. [PMID: 26796530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial and is an aquatic contaminant. Little is known on aquatic toxicity of TCS. Rotifers are common members of freshwater zooplankton. In this study, Brachionus calyciflorus was chosen as a test organism to assess the acute and complete life cycle toxicity of TCS in this study. The acute toxicity results showed that the 24-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of TCS was 345±0.11μg/L (95% confidence limits of 212-564µg/L). Reproductive bioassays demonstrated that TCS could inhibit the population growth rate at the concentration higher than 1.0μg/L. Resting egg production encompasses the full life-cycle of rotifer, and thus its hatching rate were explored to assess the toxicity of TCS towards rotifer population at TCS concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 200µg/L at two different growth periods. When resting eggs were exposed to TCS during the formation period, 0.1 and 1.0µg/L of TCS increased the hatching rate from 0.402 to 0.502, and 0.475, respectively. Exposure to 100 and 200µg/L of TCS reduced the hatching rate to 0.309 and 0.275, respectively. When the resting eggs were formed in the control medium and hatched in medium with TCS, their hatching rates were not significantly influenced by TCS, except that 200µg/L of TCS decreased the hatching rate from 0.402 to 0.34 significantly. The effects of TCS exposure on the hatching rate during the formation period were greater than those during the resting egg hatching period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Junfeng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Yujuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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Moreira RA, Mansano ADS, Rocha O. TAXAS DE FILTRAÇÃO E INGESTÃO DE UMA MICROALGA POR Philodina roseola (Rotifera: Bdelloidea). ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2016. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v21n2.47837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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